JP5953076B2 - Small hydroelectric generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a small hydraulic power generation device, and more particularly to a small hydraulic power generation device that performs power generation with small hydraulic power by installing a generator in the middle of a pipe.

  Conventionally, small hydropower generation using hydropower such as water and sewage, agricultural water, and factory effluent has been performed, and technological development for efficient power generation is progressing even with small hydropower.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a generator that reduces friction loss in a bearing. Among these, a configuration is described in which a propeller blade that rotates and a guide vane that guides the water flow at an angle suitable for the propeller blade are provided.

JP 2008-14246 A

  However, when a generator as shown in Patent Document 1 is provided in the middle of gravity-type natural drainage, this impedes drainage, and there is a problem that the upstream side of the generator tends to be full. Therefore, a large generator having a larger space than necessary may be required. Large generators require high torque to rotate, and a small amount of drainage impairs energy conversion efficiency.

  In addition, when a part of the piping becomes full, such as in the vicinity of the generator, there is a possibility that a vicious circle may occur in which the amount of water that can flow in is drastically reduced and the power generation amount is reduced because there is no air escape.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a small hydraulic power generation apparatus that solves the above-described problems and enables efficient power generation.

A small hydraulic power generation device according to the present invention includes a main pipe arranged vertically, a bypass pipe arranged so that an upper end comes below the upper end of the main pipe, and an intermediate portion of the main pipe from the bypass pipe. It is arranged between the branch pipe that leads to the upper end, the merge pipe that leads from the lower part of the main pipe to the lower part of the bypass pipe, and the branch pipe installation part and the merge pipe installation part in the main pipe, and is rotated by the water flow. A rotating blade and a generator that is disposed below the main pipe and converts the rotation of the rotating blade into electric power. The rotating blade is formed so as to be in the same direction as the swirling flow, and causes the lower end of the bypass pipe to discharge water when the main pipe is full. There is an outlet And has the axis of rotation of the generator is characterized in that it is connected to a rotary shaft provided integrally with the rotary blade.

  Due to the spiral rib of the upstream pipe, the drained water flows down along the pipe wall while turning into a swirling flow. With the swirling flow, water can be applied at an angle suitable for the rotary blade provided at the flow destination, and an effect that an air core is always formed at the center of the upstream pipe is also obtained.

  In addition, even if the vicinity of the blade becomes full due to the resistance of the rotary blade by providing a branch in the pipe located upstream of the rotary blade and providing a bypass pipe so as to merge with the pipe after passing through the rotary blade The air movement path can be secured by the bypass pipe.

  The range in which the spiral rib is provided in the upstream side pipe is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to provide it over as wide a range as possible in order to maintain the swirling flow. Moreover, the spiral rib may be continuous or intermittent.

  In addition, it is desirable to provide spiral ribs not only in the upstream side but also in the bypass pipe and the downstream side in order to secure an air movement path.

  The material of the pipe is not particularly limited, but in order to form the spiral rib over a wide area on the inner surface of the pipe, it is desirable that the pipe is made of a synthetic resin which is advantageous from the viewpoint of workability and cost. Furthermore, if it is made of a synthetic resin, there is no fear that the smoothness of the surface is lost due to rust, and the swirl flow is easily maintained.

  The shape of the rotary blade is not particularly limited, such as a propeller shape or a screw shape, but is preferably a screw shape in order to efficiently receive the swirling flow.

  The generator is not particularly limited, and a known generator can be used as appropriate.

  According to the present invention, water can be applied at an angle suitable for the rotary blade provided at the flow destination by the swirling flow, so that power generation efficiency can be increased. Furthermore, since an air core is always formed in the center of the pipe on the upstream side, a decrease in the amount of power generation due to a full water state can be suppressed, and this can also increase power generation efficiency.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a small hydroelectric generator according to the present invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a small hydroelectric generator of the present invention.

  The small hydroelectric generator (1) has a main pipe (2) arranged vertically and a bypass pipe (3) arranged parallel to the main pipe (2) and having an upper end below the upper end of the main pipe (2). ), A branch pipe (4) leading from the middle of the main pipe (2) to the upper end of the bypass pipe (3), and a junction pipe (5) leading from the lower part of the main pipe (2) to the lower part of the bypass pipe (3) A rotating blade (6) disposed between the branch piping installation portion and the junction piping installation portion in the main pipe (4), and a generator (7) that converts the rotation of the rotation blade (6) into electric power. It has.

  This small hydroelectric generator (1) enables small-scale hydroelectric power generation by attaching it to rainwater drainage pipes in high-rise buildings and drainage pipes on elevated roads. Is introduced, and this water flow rotates the rotating blade (6) to generate electricity.

  A spiral rib (2a) having a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the pipe axis is provided on the inner periphery of the upper part of the main pipe (2) (the part above the rotating blade (6)). The bypass pipe (3), the branch pipe (4), and the junction pipe (5) are also provided with spiral ribs (3a), (4a), and (5a), respectively. The upper part of the main pipe (2) and the bypass pipe (3) are each formed by connecting an appropriate number of pipes (11) with spiral ribs by joints (12). A spiral rib (12a) is also provided on the inner periphery of the joint (12).

  The rotary blade (6) has a screw shape (in the figure, two blades are spirally wound). Since the spiral rib (2a) is provided on the upper part of the main pipe (2), the water flow in the main pipe (2) becomes a swirling flow and collides with the rotary blade (6). The rotating blade (6) is formed to be in the same direction as the swirling flow formed by the spiral rib (12a) (if the swirling flow is clockwise, the rotating blade (6) also rotates clockwise). .

  The rotating shaft (7a) of the generator (7) is connected to the rotating shaft (6a) provided integrally with the rotating blade (6) via the speed increaser (8). As the generator (7), a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator, a three-phase induction generator, or the like can be used as appropriate.

  As pipes (2), (3), (4), and (5) with spiral ribs (2a) (3a) (4a) (5a), lining steel pipes that are lined with vinyl chloride on the inner surface of the steel pipe are used. . A lining steel pipe is formed by extruding a vinyl chloride pipe with protrusions on the inner surface, taking it out while rotating in the axial direction, and curing it to form a spiral rib. Furthermore, an adhesive is applied to the outer surface of the vinyl chloride pipe. Can be made by applying and inserting into a steel pipe. You may make it form a spiral rib by using only metal pipes, such as a steel pipe, and shaving the inner periphery.

According to this small hydroelectric generator (1), water introduced from the upper end opening of the main pipe (2) flows downward in the main pipe (2), and this water flow is swirled by the spiral rib (2a). Then, it strikes the rotating blade (6) at an angle suitable for the rotating blade (6) and rotates it. And rotation of this rotary blade (6) is converted into electric power. An air core is formed at the center of the swirling flow, the water flow smoothly flows down in the main pipe (2), and the swirling flow is continuously applied to the rotating blade (6). As the amount of water increases, the main pipe (2) may become full near the rotary blade (6) .In this case, the water in the main pipe (2) flows into the merging pipe (5) and bypass. As shown by the arrow through the lower part of the pipe (3), it is discharged from the discharge port provided at the lower end of the bypass pipe (3), so the air movement path is also secured and the rotating blade (6) rotates. A decrease in the amount of water to be generated (that is, a decrease in the amount of power generation) is prevented. Thus, an efficient power generation device can be obtained using small hydraulic power.

  In FIG. 1, all the pipes (2), (3), (4) and (5) are provided with spiral ribs (2a) (3a) (4a) (5a). Only a part of the main pipe (2) on the upstream side of the blade (6) may be used. Further, the spiral rib (12a) of the joint (12) may be omitted. The rotary blade (6) may be a blade in which a plurality of blades are arranged radially instead of a plurality of blades wound spirally.

Claims (6)

A main pipe arranged vertically, a bypass pipe arranged so that the upper end is below the upper end of the main pipe, a branch pipe leading from the middle part of the main pipe to the upper end of the bypass pipe, and the main pipe A merging pipe that leads from the lower part of the pipe to the lower part of the bypass pipe, a rotary blade that is arranged between the branch pipe installation part and the merging pipe installation part in the main pipe and is rotated by a water flow, and below the main pipe And a generator for converting the rotation of the rotating blades into electric power,
At least a part of the inner surface of the main pipe on the upstream side of the rotary blade is provided with a spiral rib for turning the water flow into a swirl flow, and the rotary blade is formed in the same direction as the swirl flow ,
The lower end of the bypass pipe is provided with a discharge port for discharging water when the main pipe is full of water,
The small hydroelectric generator is characterized in that a rotating shaft of the generator is connected to a rotating shaft provided integrally with the rotating blade . A speed increaser is provided in the main pipe,
The small hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 , wherein a rotating shaft of the generator is connected to the rotating blades via the speed increaser . The branch pipe at least a portion of the inner surface of the main pipe that is further upstream than the installing part, a small hydroelectric apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the helical rib is provided. The small hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a spiral rib is provided inside a joint constituting the branch pipe installation part . The small hydraulic power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the bypass pipe is provided with a spiral rib. The small hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the spiral rib is made of a synthetic resin.

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