JP5946031B2 - Vehicle / hull structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electromagnetic wave shielding or attenuation structure for a vehicle / hull, and more particularly to a vehicle / hull structure for protecting passengers from electromagnetic waves in a vehicle having a power supply device, electrical equipment, and the like.

  2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the development of an electric vehicle using a battery as a power source or a hybrid vehicle using a combination of a battery and an engine as a power source has been remarkable. Although these automobiles exhibit good fuel efficiency, a relatively large current flows, so that a considerable amount of electromagnetic waves are generated from electrical equipment such as a power supply unit and a motor unit.

  Even in conventional vehicles, in an electronic control board unit (ECU) that houses electrical components that control the operation of in-vehicle electrical components and the like and a control board, a housing space is externally provided in a housing that houses the electrical parts and the control board. A shield case having an electromagnetic shielding function for electromagnetic shielding is employed. However, these are intended to protect the ECU from external electromagnetic waves and are generally intended to protect from high-frequency electromagnetic waves that cause malfunction of the ECU. For this reason, metals such as iron and aluminum are usually used in housings and casings of devices, devices, and the like that need countermeasures against electromagnetic wave shielding for the purpose of electromagnetic wave shielding. Recently, in order to reduce the weight of the vehicle body, it has been studied to replace these metals with a conductive resin added with carbon fiber, carbon, graphite or the like.

  For electrical equipment, particularly an inverter device that easily generates switching noise, attempts have been made to shield noise radiation from the equipment. For example, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-266527), “electric conduction” It is clear that it is intended to be a high-frequency shield.

JP 2007-266527 A

The inventor independently investigated and found that a large low-frequency electromagnetic field was generated in the passenger seating portion of the vehicle. However, under the present circumstances, it is difficult to say that the influence of low-frequency electromagnetic fields on passengers is sufficiently considered. In recent years, there are increasing examples of using electric drive means in ships other than automobiles due to environmental considerations and the like, and there are concerns about similar problems.
Moreover, when an electric drive means is used, there are concerns about the influence of electromagnetic waves on pacemaker users and the like and various influences on general people. Therefore, a vehicle body / hull structure considering both environmental aspects and health aspects is desired. Accordingly, the present invention aims to shield or attenuate radiation of electromagnetic waves in a low frequency band from a power source and electrical equipment, particularly in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, and thus to secure passenger safety. It is an object of the present invention to provide means for protecting against electromagnetic waves that can be applied to trains, ships having electric drive means, and the like.

  As a result of intensive studies, the present inventor has found that the interior of the vehicle and the inside of the hull can be obtained by providing a high magnetic permeability material between the electric equipment such as the power supply unit and the motor, such as an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle, and the inside of the vehicle and the hull. The inventors have found that they are protected from electromagnetic waves and have completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention includes the following vehicle structure.
[1] A vehicle / hull structure characterized in that a high magnetic permeability material is provided between a power supply unit and / or an electrical equipment and each part in the vehicle / hull to protect each part in the vehicle from electromagnetic waves.
[2] The high magnetic permeability material is a metal-based high magnetic permeability material or a carbon-based high magnetic permeability material containing at least one of iron, nickel, silicon, cobalt, manganese, molybdenum, chromium, aluminum, copper, boron, and zinc. The vehicle / hull structure according to [1], wherein the vehicle / hull structure is provided.
[3] The vehicle / hull structure according to [1] or [2], wherein the high magnetic permeability material is formed as a housing that defines a housing space for housing a power supply unit and / or electrical equipment.
[4] The vehicle according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the casing is integrally formed with a bracket portion for fixing the casing itself to the vehicle / hull.・ Hull structure.
[5] The vehicle / hull structure according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the high magnetic permeability material is integrally formed with the vehicle / hull.

  According to the present invention, particularly in an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle, radiation of electromagnetic waves from a power source and electrical equipment can be shielded or attenuated, and thus passenger safety can be achieved. Therefore, according to the present invention, a vehicle body / hull structure in consideration of both environmental aspects and health aspects is provided.

It is typical sectional drawing which shows an example of a vehicle structure. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the vehicle structure of this invention, and is the example (B) which covers the example (A) which coat | covers a part of target object, and the whole. It is a schematic diagram which shows another example of the vehicle structure of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows another example of the vehicle structure of this invention. It is the schematic diagram (A) which shows an example of the structure of the shielding material of this invention, and sectional drawing (B) which shows the positional relationship of this and an object member. It is typical sectional drawing which shows the Example of the vehicle structure of this invention. It is a typical top view which shows the Example of the vehicle structure of this invention.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail.
In the present invention, a high-permeability material is provided between the power supply unit and / or the electrical equipment and each part in the vehicle / hull.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle generally includes a DC power source 2, an inverter 4, and a motor 6 in a vehicle 1 (consisting of a vehicle body 1a and a tire 1b), and a cooling device. 10 is also equipped with a device driven by a power source. These are controlled directly or indirectly by the control unit 8 and are connected by connection lines 3, 5, 7 and 9. The inverter 4 converts the DC power source 2 into AC, and the motor 6 is driven by this AC. The vehicle 1 travels. Needless to say, a hybrid engine is equipped with a gasoline engine, but the mechanism for running on electric power is the same as described above. In FIG. 1, each part in the vehicle is electrically connected via a connection line via the inverter 4, but in reality, it is usually connected via a relay part different from the inverter 4, and the direct current In some cases, direct current is wired directly from the power source.

  The power supply unit is a power supply used for the vehicle in the vehicle. Specifically, at present, secondary batteries such as nickel metal hydride batteries and lithium ion batteries are mainly used. Other secondary batteries, capacitors and / or power generators that can be obtained are also included. For example, a fuel cell may be used.

  In the present invention, the electrical equipment includes a power converter (inverter, converter, etc.) that supplies power to the traveling motor as described above, and various devices / wirings that are driven by power from the power supply unit and / or power converter. It is a broad concept that includes. Examples of the electrical equipment other than the power converter include a driving motor, an engine starting device (in a hybrid vehicle), a steering device, various control devices such as a transmission, an ECU, a cooling / heating device, various motors other than the driving device, and other driving devices. In addition, lighting devices and lamps inside and outside the vehicle, sound devices, communication devices, display devices, driving support devices, etc., and wiring associated therewith are included. However, these are examples and are not limited thereto.

  Although the present specification mainly refers to electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, the present invention can also be applied to other vehicles such as vehicles such as motorcycles and electric bicycles, and public vehicles such as trains, monorails, and streetcars. .

The high magnetic permeability material is not particularly limited, and may include, for example, inorganic materials, ceramics, carbon materials, etc., for example, iron, nickel, silicon, cobalt, manganese, molybdenum, chromium, aluminum, copper, boron And a metal-based high magnetic permeability material or a carbon-based high magnetic permeability material containing at least one kind of zinc. Examples of such metal-based high magnetic permeability materials include iron-nickel alloys such as permalloy, supermalloy, and amorphous metal foil. As such a thing, what is marketed can be used, for example, METGLAS
2705M (trade name) (Co-Fe-Ni-Mo-B-Si series, manufactured by Nippon Amorphous Metals), METGLAS 2714A (trade name) (Co-Fe-Ni-B-Si series, Japanese amorphous) Metallic), permalloy alloy tough palm HD (trade name) (Ni-Fe, manufactured by Hitachi Metals), nanocrystalline soft magnetic material Finemet FT-3M (trade name) (Fe-Si-B, Hitachi Metals). A composite material including a metal-based high magnetic permeability material and a carbon-based high magnetic permeability material can also be used.

  The vehicle structure of the present invention is characterized in that each part in the vehicle is protected from electromagnetic waves by providing a high magnetic permeability material between the power supply unit and / or the electrical equipment and each part in the vehicle. Protecting each part in a vehicle from electromagnetic waves generally includes shielding the influence of electromagnetic waves in each part in the vehicle. For example, in general, in the above-described electrical equipment, it is preferable to eliminate or reduce the influence of electromagnetic noise from other electrical equipment, and this application also includes such an aspect, but in the present invention, it is particularly preferable to get in the vehicle. The impact on the human body is the most important.

  In the present invention, the “shield” causes a significant difference in electromagnetic wave intensity between the electromagnetic wave radiation side and the opposite side across the material (the electric field / magnetic field intensity is smaller on the opposite side). Refers to the state. Such electromagnetic shields generally have an electric field that creates a force on the charged particles (ie electrons) in the material, causing the movement of charged particles in the material, and the internal movement of the charged electric field within the material. In other words, the magnetic field generated by the fluctuation magnetic field acts to cancel the magnetic field to which the generated current is applied, but reflection on the material surface, attenuation inside the material, etc. Absent.

  The electromagnetic wave to be shielded in the present invention (as described above, including reflection / attenuation in the present invention) is not limited, but may preferably include a low-frequency magnetic field. The low frequency magnetic field means a magnetic field of approximately 100 Hz or less. However, the electromagnetic waves targeted by the shield (including reflection / attenuation in the present invention as described above) in the present invention are not limited to low-frequency magnetic fields, but include all electromagnetic waves that can affect the human body and the like.

  The shield material is usually formed and arranged integrally with the vehicle body as a material that defines an accommodation space for housing the power supply unit and / or the electrical equipment as a covering material for covering the power supply unit and / or the electrical equipment. It can be used as an embodiment. In the example of FIG. 1, the DC power source 2, the inverter 4, the motor 6, and the like may be individually covered, or a space that accommodates all or part of them may be formed as a shielding material.

  For example, FIG. 2 is an example in which the DC power source 2 is covered with the shield material 30 in the example of FIG. Similarly, a member having a large influence among the inverter 4, the motor 6, and various wirings is similarly covered. When covering, depending on the purpose, the entire object may be covered (Fig. 2B), but it is possible in consideration of the purpose of protecting each part of the vehicle from electromagnetic waves, the weight of the covering material, cost, heat dissipation, etc. As long as the vehicle interior is partially installed, it is preferable to install the vehicle interior so as to increase the shielding efficiency (FIG. 2A). FIG. 3 is a particularly remarkable example of such an effect. In this example, only the upper part of the DC power source 2 is covered with the shield material 30.

  When the shield material 30 is formed as a plate-like material such as a metal plate, a box-shaped or U-shaped shield member can be fixed with an instrument such as a screw so as to cover the target member. Moreover, when installing as a flexible material, you may fix with flexible winding materials, such as a tape other than rigid fixing tools, such as a covering screw, so that a target member may be covered.

  FIG. 4 is an example in which, in the example of FIG. 1, the material 32 is formed integrally with the vehicle body as the material 32 that defines the housing space for housing the power supply unit and / or the electrical equipment. In this case, the shield material 32 is located between the DC power source 2, the inverter 4, the motor 6, the connection lines 3 and 5, and a part of the connection lines 7 and 9 and the inside of the vehicle, thereby protecting the inside of the vehicle from electromagnetic waves. Has been.

  In the above example, the DC power source 2, the inverter 4, and the motor 6 are installed between the front and rear tires. However, all or some of these devices may be located at different positions in the vehicle. Good. For example, the DC power source 2 may be located behind the rear tire (see Example 1 described later).

  The shield material may be used as a sheet of a single material, or the material may be laminated on another support material. Moreover, as long as an effect is shown, it is good also as a material sheet kneaded into the resin material as powder. In any case, one kind of shielding material may be used, or a plurality of shielding materials may be combined.

  The shield material can be used as a continuous material when used as a single material sheet, but as long as the desired effect is achieved, it is used in the form of a net, perforated, used in a lattice, etc. A void portion may be provided. In addition, the sheet-like material includes cloth-like, tape-like, and belt-like materials, and it is also included in the present invention to form a shield by winding the material around a target portion. Alternatively, it may be used as a cord.

  In particular, the shield material is preferably provided with protrusions on the surface. The shape of the protrusion includes a hemispherical shape, a pyramid shape, a linear shape, a conical shape, and the like. 5A (top view) and FIG. 5B (cross-sectional view) show an example in which hemispherical protrusions 34 are provided. Although the details of the mechanism are unknown by providing such protrusions, it has been confirmed that the shielding efficiency is improved. The diameter of the protrusion is usually in the range of about several hundred μm to several mm (for example, 100 μm to 5 mm), but may be outside these ranges depending on the material, its thickness, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 5B, a gap g may be provided between the shield material 30 and the target member (here, the inverter 4). By providing the gap g, air can be circulated between the members to form a heat dissipation path. But when the heat conductivity of the shield member 30 is high, it is not necessary to provide a space | gap.

  As an example of using a plurality of materials in combination, it is possible to use a combination of materials having different frequency characteristics of electromagnetic waves to be shielded. As a composite of materials, foil-like or plate-like materials are laminated, multiple types of powdered materials are kneaded into resin materials, multiple types of cord-like or thread-like materials are twisted or knitted The aspect to do is also included.

Example 1
According to the present embodiment, the high magnetic permeability material is formed as a coating material that covers the power supply unit and / or the electrical equipment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the DC power supply 2 disposed behind the rear seat 23 and the shield configuration around it. In the vehicle rear structure of the present embodiment, an example in which the secondary battery 2 is disposed above the rear cross members 15 and 16 is shown. Usually, a DC / DC converter is also installed in the vicinity of the secondary battery 2, but in this example, it is not shown for simplicity. The shield member 30 in the present embodiment has a front end portion 31 installed on a cross-sectional area of the rear cross member 15 and a rear end portion 32.
Is installed on the cross-sectional area of the rear cross member 16. As shown in the schematic plan view of FIG. 7, the shield member 30 is fixed to the vehicle body at two locations, a front end portion 31 and a rear end portion 32. When the shield member 30 is attached, a rear end attachment hole (not shown) provided in the rear end portion 32 of the shield member 30 and a rear end attachment bracket 51 are provided.
And fit stud bolts. Further, a stud bolt or the like is fitted between a rear end mounting hole (not shown) provided in the front end portion 31 of the shield member 30 and the front end mounting bracket 41. The shield member 30 is a permalloy plate, for example.

Moreover, the wiring part 20 comprised by the pipe shape is arrange | positioned toward the rear floor 22 which installs the rear seat 23. FIG. Thereby, the rear suspension members 17 and 18 are avoided and power is transmitted forward. The wiring portion 20 is preferably a permalloy tube or a resin pipe kneaded with a high magnetic permeability material.
With the above configuration, the electromagnetic wave intensity on the rear seat 23 is significantly reduced as compared with the case where no shield material is provided. In particular, the electromagnetic wave intensity in the low frequency band was less than 5%.

(Example 2)
Except for providing a hemispherical projection having a diameter of 1 mm on the surface of the shield member 30, the same configuration as in Example 1 was achieved. As a result, the attenuation rate of electromagnetic wave intensity was improved by 50% or more depending on the wavelength.

(Example 3)
As shown in FIG. 4, a shielding material was incorporated into a part of the lower chassis of the vehicle body and molded to define an accommodation space for accommodating a power supply part and a part of the electrical component.
With the above configuration, the electromagnetic wave intensity in each part of the vehicle is significantly reduced compared to the case where no shield material is provided.

Example 4
Except for providing a hemispherical projection having a diameter of 1 mm on the surface of the shield member, the configuration was the same as in Example 3. As a result, the attenuation rate of electromagnetic wave intensity was improved by 50% or more depending on the wavelength.

  The present invention protects each part of the vehicle from electromagnetic waves in a vehicle equipped with a power source and electrical components that generate electromagnetic waves, and can effectively prevent the influence of electromagnetic waves on passengers and the like to a minimum, so it is effective for passenger cars and other vehicles. Available. It can also be used for trains and ships.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle 1a Car body 1b Tire 2 DC power supply 3, 5, 7, 9 Connection line 4 Inverter 6 Motor 7 Control part 10 Electrical component (cooling device)
30 Shield material

Claims (2)

In a vehicle / hull having a power supply unit and / or electrical equipment, a vehicle / hull structure provided with a housing that defines a housing space for housing the power supply unit and / or electrical equipment, wherein the housing is a housing A bracket part for fixing itself to the vehicle / hull is integrally formed, and includes a high magnetic permeability material as a sheet-like material provided with a hemispherical projection having a diameter of 100 μm to 5 mm on the surface. Thus, the vehicle / hull structure is characterized in that each part in the vehicle or in the hull is protected from electromagnetic waves. The high magnetic permeability material is a metal-based high magnetic permeability material or a carbon-based high magnetic permeability material containing at least one of iron, nickel, silicon, cobalt, manganese, molybdenum, chromium, aluminum, copper, boron, and zinc. The vehicle / hull structure according to claim 1, wherein