JP5944780B2 - Ships, ship loading and unloading methods, and ship unloading and unloading methods - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to natural gas hydrate (NGH) pellets that generate flammable gas, and ships and ships for transporting granular and pelletized cargo such as wheat, cement, coal, and iron ore in bulk. The present invention relates to a loading and unloading method and a ship unloading and loading method.

  Among ships, wheat, cement, coal, iron ore, and the like are transported in bulk and in the form of particles or pellets, and a bulk carrier called a bulk carrier is used for this transport. Recently, natural gas hydrate has attracted attention, and it has been studied to transport natural gas in the form of gas hydrate pellets in bulk. However, since there is no precedent for equipment that transports gas hydrate cargo that generates combustible gas, a new cargo delivery method for ships and land equipment is required.

  As a gas hydrate transport ship for maintaining and transporting gas hydrate cargo containing this gas, it moves on the hold (cargo hold) arranged in the direction of the captain and covers the hold of the hold hold. A moving house to be hidden is provided, and the loading and unloading equipment for loading and unloading are accommodated in the moving house. The moving house is moved to each hold together with the moving house, and the reclaimer accommodated in the moving house is laterally moved in the hold ( There has been proposed a gas hydrate transport ship that moves in the left-right dredging direction) and the ship length direction (front-rear direction) to perform cargo handling (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  In this gas hydrate transport ship, in loading and unloading, the cargo received by the hopper at the upper part of the moving house is transported in the ship's direction by a first receiving conveyor that transports cargo in the ship's direction, a second receiving conveyor that transports it in the lateral direction, and a horizontal carriage that holds the cargo. It is carried into the hold just below the mobile house via a reclaimer that moves laterally inside.

  In addition, in cargo handling, cargo in the hold is continuously picked up by a grab-shaped scraper at the lower end of the reclaimer in the mobile house, transported to the upper part of the hold, and transferred laterally from the upper end of the reclaimer. The first delivery conveyor, the second delivery conveyor that moves in the direction of the ship length, and the third delivery conveyor that rises upward are conveyed to the delivery boom conveyor. The payout beam conveyor is configured to protrude from the moving house and rotate to the left and right sides of the hull, and the cargo is dropped from the tip of the payout boom conveyor to an unloading facility for landing.

  Similarly, as a ship for transporting solid cargoes that generate flammable gas, which is lifted and unloaded using a reclaimer, the cargo in the cargo hold is continuously saved with a reclaimer that has been lowered to the cargo hold. And then transported to the traverse delivery conveyor at the top of the cargo hold, and then dropped to the central transport conveyor in front of the cargo handling section via one of the forward transport conveyors on both sides. There has been proposed a ship that unloads cargo in a cargo hold by dropping onto a land-side lifting and loading facility by a horizontal conveyor of a shuttle conveyor (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  In ships using this reclaimer, cargo handling equipment that moves in the longitudinal direction of the hull is provided on the cargo hold, and the part that moves this cargo hold handling equipment and the part that covers all hatch parts of the cargo hold. A fully closed cover with an airtight structure that does not move is provided.

  Ships that use these reclaimers to lift and load have the following problems of hull shape, explosion-proof problems, and cargo handling problems.

  The problem with this hull shape is that the enclosed section that covers the movable range of the cargo handling device will protrude greatly from the cargo hold in the direction of the length of the ship, increasing the length of the ship, and the section with a height above the upper deck. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a forward view from the bridge.

In terms of explosion-proof problems, oxygen concentration management and temperature management are required over the entire enclosed area from the viewpoint of explosion prevention, and in the event of a cargo handling equipment failure, inert gas is supplied over the entire enclosed area. In order to maintain the airtightness of the hatch cover that covers the large opening necessary for lowering the reclaimer, there is a problem that a special mechanism is required.
In addition, cargo handling problems include explosion-proof problems, places where cargo handling equipment in the cargo hold does not reach directly, paying off cargo in anticipation of natural collapse of cargo, and failure of cargo handling equipment such as reclaimers. If there is a problem that the cargo in the cargo hold that has not been paid out cannot be paid out at all, or the cargo is loaded by a natural fall from a high enclosed space, However, there is a problem that a mountain shape corresponding to the angle of repose is formed, and there is a risk that a void is generated in the cargo hold or that the stability of the ship is impaired if the mountain shape collapses during operation.

  On the other hand, a silo for storing bulk storage on land is usually a cylindrical tank with a conical outlet at the bottom, but one of these land silos is a horizontal screw silo. There is a so-called flat-bottom sealed structure, and there is a powder storage facility that adopts a swivel conveying device (screw frame) for the receiving and dispensing mechanism.

  This horizontal screw silo has a structure as shown in FIG. 10, and a center column 51 is provided in the center of a cylinder in a cylindrical tank 50 having a flat bottom surface. A revolving frame 52 is provided between the cylindrical wall surface 50 a and the revolving frame 52 can be revolved around the center column 51. Further, a swing conveyance device (screw frame) 53 is suspended by a suspension line 53a so as to be vertically movable on the swing frame 52.

  When storing the stored item A in the tank 50, the stored item A is supplied into the tank 50 from the supply port 50d via the hopper 61 and the conveyors 62, 63 disposed on the tank 50, In the tank 50, the stored item A supplied from the supply port 50 d is supplied to the swivel transport device 53 via the swivel horizontal transport device 52 a and the telescopic chute (telescopic chute) 54. The supplied stored material A is moved from the center column 51 to the cylindrical wall surface 50 a side by the swivel conveying device 53 and dispersed in the tank 50. The spread stored material A is leveled in the centrifugal direction by the swivel conveying device 53, and is further leveled in the circumferential direction by the swivel conveying device 53 that swirls as the swivel frame 52 turns.

  Then, when the swivel conveying device 53 goes around and the stored item A is leveled in a flat shape at the height, the swirl conveying device 53 is raised by a predetermined amount to supply the stored item A in the same manner, The swivel conveying device 53 goes around, and the stored item A is flattened at the height. In addition, with the increase in the store A, the swivel conveying device 53 is raised so that the screw is always on the surface of the store A. This is repeated until it is full, and the stored item A is accommodated in the tank 50 while being leveled flatly. Therefore, the stored item A is stored in the tank 50 in a flattened state.

  Further, when discharging the stored item A from the tank 50, the length of the suspension rope 53a is adjusted so that the swivel conveying device 53 has a preset relative height with respect to the surface of the stored item A. To do. The swivel conveying device 53 arranged with respect to the surface of the stored item A is driven to convey the stored item A to the center column 51 side, and the receiving port 51b provided in the center column 51 (receiving port 11b in FIG. 11). The storage A is discharged from the outlet 50e directly under the center column 51 through the center column 51 through the same receiving port). In addition, with the reduction | decrease of the stored matter A, the turning conveyance apparatus 53 is lowered | hung, and a screw is always on the surface of the stored matter A. The stored item A dropped below the bottom surface 50 b of the tank 50 is discharged by the lower horizontal transfer device 55 and transferred to the transport truck 56. As a result, the stored item A is discharged from the tank 50.

  This horizontal screw silo has extremely good packing efficiency, can be stored in a large capacity and save space, and has excellent storage efficiency, so that the site can be used effectively. In addition, since there is no bridging phenomenon even with poor fluidity, there is no worry of clogging, so it is possible to dispense continuously and quantitatively, and because it is completely sealed, there is no dust, noise, and it is environmentally friendly. Remote fully automatic operation is possible and labor saving is possible.

JP-A-2005-255014 JP 2010-202015 Gazette

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described situation. The purpose of the present invention is to allow cargo handling in the state of loading and unloading in a cargo hold in a state where the cargo is leveled in a flat state, and the captain's influence due to the influence of the loading device. Ship, ship loading / unloading method, and ship unloading / loading method that can suppress the increase and deterioration of the prospect, can reduce the opening of the cargo hold, and can manage oxygen concentration and temperature for each hold. Is to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, a ship of the present invention is a cylindrical ship that transports granular or pelletized gas hydrate cargo in a bulk state, and is provided with a cargo cargo supply port on the upper part and accommodates the cargo. A center column provided at the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold, and capable of swiveling around the center column and movable up and down, and directly or indirectly from the cargo supply port. A swivel transport device that transports the cargo received in the horizontal direction between the center column and the cylindrical wall surface to spread the cargo and collect the cargo; and the cargo collected by the swivel transport device For receiving the gas in the center column, and the receiving port provided in the center column, and the receiving port supplied to the lower part in the center column A lower horizontal conveying device for conveying an object from the lower part of the center column to the front or rear of the hull, an upper conveying device for conveying the cargo conveyed by the lower horizontal conveying device on the upper deck, and the upward conveying A connecting transport device for transporting the cargo transported by the device to the land-side lifting and handling facility, the connecting transport device configured to receive the cargo from the land-side loading and unloading device , and the connection transport An upper horizontal conveying device is provided for supplying the cargo conveyed from the apparatus to the cargo freight supply port at the upper part of the cargo hold .

Alternatively, the ship of the present invention is a ship that transports cargo other than gas hydrates in a bulk state, and has a cargo hold supply port at the top and has a cylindrical cargo hold that accommodates the cargo. A center column provided at the center of the cylinder, the center column capable of turning around the center column, and provided so as to be vertically movable, and the cargo received directly or indirectly from the cargo freight supply port. A swivel transport device that transports the cargo between the side walls of the cylinder in a horizontal direction and performs the dispersion of the cargo and the collection of the cargo, and the cargo collected by the swivel transport device is received in the center column. And a receiving port provided in the center column, and the cargo supplied from the receiving port to a lower part in the center column from the lower part of the center column. A lower horizontal transport device that transports the body forward or backward, an upper transport device that transports the cargo transported by the lower horizontal transport device onto the upper deck, and the cargo transported by the upper transport device. A transporting device for connection for transporting to the land-side lifting and unloading facility, the transporting device for connection being configured to receive the cargo from the land-side loading and unloading device, and the cargo transported from the transporting device for connection An upper horizontal conveyance device for supplying the cargo cargo supply port at the upper part of the cargo hold is provided . That is, a cargo hold other than gas hydrate and a cylindrical cargo hold including a cylinder is used.

Alternatively, the ship of the present invention is a ship that transports granular or pellet-shaped gas hydrate cargo in a bulk state, and has a cargo hold of a cylindrical shape other than a cylinder that has a cargo cargo supply port at the top and accommodates the cargo. A center column provided at the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold, and can be pivoted around the center column, and can be moved up and down, and received directly or indirectly from the cargo supply port. A swivel transport device that transports the cargo horizontally between the center column and the side wall surface of the cylinder to spread the cargo and collect the cargo, and the cargo collected by the swivel transport device. A receiving port provided in the center column for receiving in the center column, and the cargo supplied from the receiving port to the lower part in the center column A lower horizontal transport device that transports from the lower part of the center column to the front or rear of the hull, an upper transport device that transports the cargo transported by the lower horizontal transport device onto the upper deck, and transported by the upper transport device A connecting transport device for transporting the cargo that has been transported to the land-side lifting and unloading facility , wherein the connecting transport device is configured to receive the cargo from the land-side loading and unloading device , and is transported from the connecting transport device An upper horizontal transfer device is provided for supplying the carried cargo to the cargo cargo supply port at the upper part of the cargo hold . In other words, it is a granular or pellet-shaped gas hydrate cargo, and it is a cylindrical cargo hold other than a cylinder.

  In addition, the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold of the present invention indicates a virtual circle center inside the cargo hold and the virtual circle center. The preferred center position is the center of a circle when the cargo hold is a cylindrical shape, and each side when the shape of the cargo hold is a rectangular tube shape or a polygonal tube shape whose opposite sides are parallel to each other. The intersection of the lines connecting the centers of the opposite sides is the center of the cargo hold cylinder. In other cases, a circle having the maximum diameter that is inscribed in at least two portions of the cylindrical wall surface and does not intersect the wall surface is assumed, and the center of the virtual circle is set as the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold. If a plurality of circles are hypothesized depending on conditions, any one of them is selected, and the center of the selected virtual circle is set as the center of the cargo hold cylinder.

  In addition, the shape of the cargo hold is not the same in the vertical direction, but a conical shape or a pyramid shape that gradually decreases or increases can also be considered, but it is complicated in terms of work, and cargo is scattered and collected Since the distance between the outer peripheral side of the swivel conveying device and the wall surface of the cargo hold is not constant, it is necessary to take measures against the problem of scattering and collecting the cargo on the outer peripheral side of the swivel conveying device. In addition, it is conceivable that only a part of the lower side of the cylindrical shape is conical or pyramidal, but the same problem occurs. If the cargo is very slippery and does not stick to or stay on the wall surface, the countermeasures against the problem of spreading and collecting are easy.

  According to these configurations, it is possible to suppress the increase of the captain and the deterioration of the prospect due to the influence of the cargo handling device, it is possible to reduce the opening of the cargo hold and perform oxygen concentration management and temperature management for each cargo hold, In addition, cargo can be handled in a state where the cargo is leveled in the loading and unloading operations in the cargo hold.

  More specifically, the length of the hull required for the cargo handling device in the longitudinal direction is only the part related to the upward conveying device and the connecting conveying device, and a cargo handling section is required before and after the cargo area. This prevents the increase in ship length. In addition, a moving device that moves the reclaimer in the longitudinal direction of the hull is unnecessary, and since the cargo handling device for the cargo hold is housed in the cargo hold, the section height for installing the cargo handling device is reduced, Deterioration of the forward view from the bridge can be suppressed. This also makes it possible to keep the height of the residential area where the bridge is located low.

  In addition, since each cargo hold has a cargo handling device that is used for cargo hold, even if the cargo handling device in these cargo holds fails, cargo can be paid out in other cargo holds and the cargo handling device in the cargo hold fails. If you do, you can pay out a lot of cargo. In addition, trouble handling locations when a cargo handling device fails can be limited to a cargo hold unit. In addition, since a cargo handling device in the cargo hold is provided for each cargo hold, there is no restriction on the dispensing procedure. In addition, since the place where the cargo handling device in the cargo hold is stored is divided for each cargo hold, oxygen concentration management and temperature management can be managed independently for each cargo hold.

  Since the cargo is loaded while being leveled by the swivel conveying device arranged in the cargo hold, it is possible to prevent the cargo from forming a void and forming a void. Therefore, there is a risk of loss of ship hull stability due to cargo collapse during operation, the possibility of troubles where the cargo handling equipment is buried in the cargo due to the natural collapse of the cargo, and the cargo handling due to the natural collapse of the cargo. The possibility that the device will fail can be almost eliminated.

  In addition, since there is almost no part that expects a natural collapse at the time of cargo delivery, the cargo can be reliably delivered from the cargo hold. In addition, it is possible to avoid a situation where payment cannot be made due to cargo blockage. Further, since the upper surface of the cargo is leveled substantially horizontally at the end of loading and at the end of lifting, it is possible to easily check the amount of cargo accepted and delivered according to the height, making it easy to grasp the cargo loading amount.

  In both loading and unloading, the loading control of the loading and unloading equipment is centered on the conveyance of the cargo by the turning and conveying device that revolves around the center column, and the turning and vertical movement of the turning and conveying device itself. become.

Since the cargo from the land-side loading / unloading device can be distributed and supplied to the cargo loading port of the cargo hold with a small additional configuration, the land-side loading / unloading device is connected to the cargo loading port of each cargo hold. There is no need or need to move it directly above, and the cargo can be handled efficiently.

  In the above-mentioned ship, when the connecting conveying device is an overhanging conveying device that is partly provided so as to be able to overhang the outer side of the ship, the cargo is received and discharged on the outer side of the ship side. Since it is not necessary to move the land-side unloading device to the inside of the ship side, it is possible to significantly reduce the risk of damage to the hull when the ship-side and land-side loading devices are joined.

  In the above ship, when the cargo hold and the cargo transport path are configured to be airtight with respect to the outside, a large opening for lowering the reclaimer is provided in the cargo hold when this airtight structure is required. Since there is no need to provide it, the cargo hold has a structure that is easy to be airtight, which is advantageous as compared with a cargo handling method that uses a reclaimer. Also, when the cargo is gas hydrate, as an emergency response, when the gas hydrate as cargo is forcibly melted with the water injected into the cargo hold, the injected water and gas hydrate decomposition water are used. As a drain outlet, the center column in the center of the cargo hold can be used, and no new equipment is required.

  Further, since the gas hydrate of the cargo C is gasified and consumed at the consuming area, the gas hydrate is decomposed into gas and cracked water during the gasification. When it is necessary to transport the generated cracked water to the production site, it is transported by a ballast tank, but this cargo hold can also be used when the amount of cracked water increases due to injecting water in an emergency. .

  In the above-described ship, when the cargo hold is integrated with the hull structure, no space is generated between the cargo hold and the hull structure, so that the space in the ship can be used effectively and cargo can be loaded efficiently.

  In the above ship, when the cargo hold is configured separately from the hull structure and mounted on the hull, the cargo hold (tank) manufactured on the land side is mounted on the cargo hold formed on the hull side. Since the internal cargo handling device etc. can be produced and assembled on the land in advance, the construction period can be shortened.

And the ship loading method of the present invention for achieving the above object is a ship loading method for transporting granular or pelletized gas hydrate cargo in a bulk state, comprising a land side loading apparatus. The cargo transported via the connecting transport device that projects outward from the ship side during cargo handling is transported horizontally by the upper horizontal transport device to the cargo freight supply port provided at the top of the cylindrical cargo hold The cargo supplied to the cargo freight supply port is directly or indirectly turned around the center column between a center column provided at the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold and a cylindrical wall surface of the cargo hold. It is transported to a swivel transport device that is capable of moving up and down, and the cargo is transported in the horizontal direction between the center column and the cylindrical wall surface by the swivel transport device. After the swirl of the swivel conveying device, the freight is spread in the circumferential direction of the cargo hold and leveled, and the swivel conveying device is rotated around the swirl conveying device. Move upward by a preset amount, perform the centrifugal and circumferential spreading and leveling of the cargo, turn the swivel conveying device and move upward, and the centrifugal direction of the cargo accompanying this movement The cargo is stored in the cargo hold by repeating and circumferential spreading and leveling.

Alternatively, the ship loading method of the present invention is a ship loading method for transporting cargo other than gas hydrate in a bulked state, and is a connection transfer device that projects from the land side loading device to the outside of the ship side during loading. The cargo transported via the upper horizontal transport device is transported in the horizontal direction and supplied to the cargo cargo supply port provided at the upper part of the cylindrical cargo hold, and supplied to the cargo cargo supply port. The cargo is directly or indirectly provided between the center column provided at the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold and the side wall surface of the cylinder of the cargo hold and is provided so as to be movable up and down. And transports the cargo in the horizontal direction between the center column and the side wall surface of the cylinder and spreads the cargo in the centrifugal direction of the cargo hold. Together with The cargo is sprinkled in the circumferential direction of the cargo hold by the turning of the conveying device and leveled, and after the turning and conveying device makes one turn, the turning and conveying device is moved upward by a preset amount, and the cargo The centrifugal direction and the circumferential direction are spread and leveled, and the swivel conveying device is swung and moved upward, and the centrifugal direction and the circumferential direction of the cargo accompanying the movement are repeated and leveled, The cargo is housed in the cargo hold. That is, a cargo hold other than gas hydrate and a cylindrical cargo hold including a cylinder is used.

Alternatively, the ship loading method of the present invention is a ship loading method for transporting granular or pellet-like gas hydrate cargo in a bulk state, and projects outward from the ship side during loading. The cargo transported via the connecting transport device is transported in the horizontal direction by the upper horizontal transport device and supplied to the cargo cargo supply port provided in the upper part of the cylindrical cargo hold other than the cylinder. The cargo supplied to the cargo supply port can be swiveled around the center column directly or indirectly between a center column provided at the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold and a side wall surface of the cylinder of the cargo hold, And transporting the cargo to a swivel transport device provided so as to be movable up and down. The swivel transport device transports the cargo in the horizontal direction between the center column and the side wall surface of the cylinder, thereby centrifuging the cargo hold. In the direction The amount of the swivel conveying device is set in advance after the swirl of the swivel conveying device is sprinkled in the circumferential direction of the cargo hold and leveled, and the swirl conveying device is made to make one round. Only the upward movement, the centrifugal and circumferential spreading and leveling of the cargo, the turning and turning of the swivel conveying device, the centrifugal direction and the circumferential direction of the cargo accompanying this movement The cargo is accommodated in the cargo hold by repeating spraying and leveling. In other words, it is a granular or pellet-shaped gas hydrate cargo, and it is a cylindrical cargo hold other than a cylinder.

  According to these methods, it is possible to efficiently load the cargo into the cargo hold while leveling it in a plane. In addition, by adopting this ship loading method, it is possible to suppress the increase of the captain and the outlook of the ship due to the influence of the cargo handling device, to reduce the opening of the cargo hold, and to manage the oxygen concentration and temperature for each cargo hold. Management can be performed.

In addition, the ship loading and unloading method of the present invention for achieving the above object is a method for unloading and unloading a granular or pelletized gas hydrate freight in a state of being loaded in a bulk state. The swivel transfer device that can be swung around the center column provided at the center of the cylinder and suspended so as to move up and down is moved and swung in the up and down direction by the swivel transfer device to the cargo hold. The stored cargo was transported to the receiving port of the center column by horizontal transport between the center column and the cylindrical wall surface, and was transported from the receiving port of the center column to the lower part in the center column. The cargo is transported to the front or rear of the hull by a lower horizontal transport device, and the cargo transported by the lower horizontal transport device is transported by an upper transport device. Transported to, the cargo carried in the upper direction conveyance device provided to be protruding part to ship's side outside, and configured to be capable of receiving the cargo from land-side loading combination device, and wherein It is a method characterized in that it is transported to a land-side lifting and unloading facility by an overhanging transport device configured to be able to supply the cargo to an upper horizontal transport device that supplies the cargo to the cargo cargo supply port at the upper part of the cargo hold. .

Alternatively, the ship unloading method of the present invention is a ship unloading method for transporting cargo other than gas hydrate in a bulk state, around a center column provided at the center of a cylinder of a cylindrical cargo hold. The swivel conveying device suspended and movably up and down is moved and swiveled in the up and down direction, and the swivel conveying device allows the cargo stored in the cargo hold to be moved between the center column and the center column. The cargo transported to the receiving port of the center column by horizontal transport between the side wall surface of the cylinder, and the cargo transported from the receiving port of the center column to the lower part in the center column is hulled by a lower horizontal transporting device. The cargo conveyed to the front or rear of the vehicle and conveyed by the lower horizontal conveying device was conveyed on the upper deck by the upper conveying device, and conveyed by the upper conveying device. The serial cargo, provided to be protruding part to ship's side outside, and is configured to be capable of receiving said cargo from land-side loading combination device and the cargo in the upper cargo freight supply port of the cargo hold It is a method characterized in that it is transported to a land-side lifting and unloading facility by an overhang transport device configured to be able to supply the cargo to an upper horizontal transport device to be supplied . That is, a cargo hold other than gas hydrate and a cylindrical cargo hold including a cylinder is used.

Alternatively, the ship unloading method of the present invention is a ship unloading method for transporting granular or pelletized gas hydrate cargoes in a bulk state, in the center of a cylinder of a cylindrical cargo hold other than a cylinder. The cargo stored in the cargo hold by the swivel conveying device while moving and swiveling the swivel conveying device that can be swung around the provided center column and that can be moved up and down. Is transported to the receiving port of the center column by horizontal transport between the center column and the side wall surface of the cylinder, and the cargo transported from the receiving port of the center column to the lower part in the center column is transported. , Transported to the front or rear of the hull by the lower horizontal transport device, transport the cargo transported by the lower horizontal transport device on the upper deck by the upward transport device, The cargo carried in the direction conveyance device provided to be protruding part to ship's side outside, and configured to be capable of receiving the cargo from land-side loading combination device and cargo above the cargo hold This is a method characterized by transporting the cargo to a land-side lifting and unloading facility by an overhanging transport device configured to supply the cargo to an upper horizontal transport device that supplies the cargo to a cargo supply port . In other words, it is a granular or pellet-shaped gas hydrate cargo, and it is a cylindrical cargo hold other than a cylinder.

  According to these methods, it is possible to efficiently discharge the cargo while leveling it in the cargo hold. In addition, by adopting this method of unloading and unloading the ship, it is possible to suppress the increase in the length of the ship and the deterioration of the prospects due to the influence of the loading and unloading equipment. Management can be performed.

  According to the ship of the present invention, the ship loading and unloading method, and the ship unloading and unloading method, the cargo can be loaded and unloaded in the cargo hold in a state where the cargo is leveled, and the captain is affected by the load handling device. And the deterioration of the prospects can be suppressed, the opening of the cargo hold can be reduced, and oxygen concentration management and temperature management can be performed for each cargo hold.

It is a sectional side view which shows the YY cross section of FIG. 2 which showed typically the structure of the ship handling system in 1st Embodiment based on this invention. It is a horizontal sectional view of the ship which shows the ZZ cross section of FIG. It is a top view of the ship of FIG. It is a figure which shows the XX cross section of FIG. 2, and is a cross-sectional view which shows the condition at the time of cargo handling. It is a figure which shows the XX cross section of FIG. 2, and is a cross-sectional view which shows the condition at the time of unloading handling. It is a sectional side view which shows the YY cross section of FIG. 7 which showed typically the structure of the ship handling system in 2nd Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a horizontal sectional view of the ship which shows the ZZ cross section of FIG. It is a top view of the ship of FIG. It is a figure which shows the XX cross section of FIG. It is the side view which showed typically the structure of the silo called a horizontal screw silo. It is a fragmentary perspective view containing the cross section which showed the structure of the center column typically.

  Hereinafter, a ship, a ship loading method, and a ship unloading method according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. These drawings schematically show the configuration of the cargo handling equipment and the like, and do not necessarily show the actual structure.

  In the description of this embodiment, as a preferable example for applying the present invention, natural gas gas hydrate (NGH) pellets that generate combustible gas, which requires high hermeticity as cargo, are taken as an example. As will be described, the cargo to which the present invention can be applied is not limited to natural gas hydrate pellets, but is dispersed in swirl conveyors such as granular or pellet gas hydrates, wheat, cement, coal, iron ore, etc. In addition, it may be a granular or pelletized bulk cargo that can be collected, and so-called bulk cargo is applicable to the present invention.

  Moreover, as a preferable example, the shape of the cargo hold will be described by taking a cylindrical cargo hold that is easy to spread and collect cargo by a swivel conveying device as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this cylindrical shape, but a cylindrical shape. As long as the shape is suitable, it can be applied to an elliptical cylindrical shape and a polygonal cylindrical shape that are more compatible with the hull shape and are advantageous in volume efficiency.

  First, a ship according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This ship 1 is a ship that transports granular or pelletized gas hydrate cargo (here, gas hydrate pellets) in a bulk state, and as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, at the bottom of this ship 1. A double bottom 3 is provided on the ship bottom skin 2, a ship side skin 4 is provided at the side, and an upper deck 5 is provided at the top to form a hull shape. The full waterline W. L. A bow valve 6 is provided below the stern, and an engine room 7a and an upper structure 7b such as a residential area including a bridge are provided on the stern part. A propeller 8 and a rudder are provided behind the engine room 7a. 9 is provided.

  And it has the cylindrical cargo hold 10 which accommodates the granular or pellet-like gas hydrate freight C in the bulk state. Further, in the ship 1 of the first embodiment, the cargo hold 10 is formed as an integral structure with the hull. In addition, in the structure shown in FIGS. 1-3, it has four cargo holds 10 in the captain direction. In addition, cargo handling facilities for loading and unloading are provided in each cargo hold 10 and outside the cargo hold 10, respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the cargo hold 10 includes a cylindrical wall surface 10a, a planar bottom surface 10b, and a planar upper surface 10c serving as a lid, and a cargo cargo supply port penetrating the upper surface 10c in the upper part. 10d. The bottom surface 10b can be formed horizontally, but it is preferable to provide a camber from the outer peripheral side toward the central side in consideration of drainage. Each cargo hold 10 is isolated by a steel wall, and is configured to be watertight and airtight so that cracked water and flammable gas generated from the gas hydrate of the cargo C are not leaked. In order to keep the rate warm, a heat insulating material or the like for heat insulation is stuck inside the cargo hold 10. A rail 10e that goes around the cylindrical wall surface 10a is provided on the cylindrical wall surface 10a.

  Further, the cylindrical wall surface 10 a is arranged with a side ballast tank or a space provided between the ship side outer plate 4 of the ship 1, and the bottom surface 10 b constitutes a part of the double bottom 3 of the ship 1. This prevents the cargo hold 10 from being damaged even if the ship 1 collides with another ship, quay, etc., or is stranded and the ship side skin 4 or the ship bottom 2 is damaged. . The upper surface 10 c is disposed below the upper deck 5, and is disposed with a space between the upper deck 5.

  With this configuration, the cargo hold 10 is surrounded by a double bottom 3, a ballast tank, and a void. By filling these voids with an inert gas, Even if the combustible gas leaks, it is possible to prevent the leaked gas from coming into direct contact with the outside air and generating an explosion atmosphere. In addition, when there is no danger of explosion etc. in the cargo C, you may make it the structure which does not provide the space outside the cylindrical wall surface 10a of this cargo hold 10, or the upper surface 10c.

  As cargo handling facilities in the cargo hold 10, there are a center column (central tower) 11 provided at the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold 10, a turning frame 12, a turning transfer device 13, and a telescopic chute (telescopic chute) 14. Is provided.

  The center column 11 is provided between the bottom surface 10b and the top surface 10c at the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold 10, and a rail 11a that supports the swivel frame 12 is provided around the periphery. As shown in FIG. 11, the center column 11 is provided with receiving ports 11 b that are opened substantially in the entire circumference and arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction so that the cargo C conveyed by the swivel conveying device 13 can be carried inside. Configured.

  The receiving port 11b is provided between a ring 11c having an opening 11d at the center. That is, the ring 11c is provided in a multilayered manner in the vertical direction of the center column 11 so that the ring 11c is disposed below the receiving port 11b. The ring 11c is supported by, for example, radial support plates 11e at three locations in the circumferential direction in order to make the receiving area of the receiving port 11b as large as possible.

  The ring 11c has a width (horizontal length) B1 and an outer peripheral side in consideration of the shape, size, angle of repose, etc. of the cargo C so that the cargo C does not flow at a stretch during loading and unloading. It is formed in a ring shape in which an inclination angle with respect to the inner peripheral side (zero in FIG. 11) is set. A plurality of the rings 11c are installed, and the cargo C can be prevented from flowing into the center column 11 by having a specific width B1 and an inclination angle.

  By making the height of the discharge port of the swivel conveying device 13 coincide with the upper surface of the ring 11c, the cargo C pushed out from the discharge port is received by the upper surface of the ring 11c outside the center column 11, and the center column 11 It is dropped from the opening 11d on the inner periphery side. Thereby, the cargo C supplied by the swivel conveying device 13 is conveyed to the lower part of the center column 11. In addition, when it is necessary to avoid the impact by the free fall to the cargo C, a vertical conveyor is provided instead of the free fall, and the cargo C is conveyed to the lower part of the center column 11 by this vertical conveyor.

  In an emergency where the cargo handling device in the cargo hold 10 cannot be used, water is injected into the cargo hold 10 from a water injection device (not shown) arranged above the cargo hold 10 and forced by this injected water. Specifically, the gas hydrate of the cargo C is melted to generate gas, and the generated gas is transported from a generated gas pipeline (not shown) to a gas tank of an onshore facility. The center column 11 can also be used as a drainage facility so that the injected water can be drained from the receiving port 11b of the center column 11 at all heights from the height at which the cargo C is fully loaded to the bottom plate 11b. Configure.

  Further, since the gas hydrate of the cargo C is gasified and consumed at the consuming area, the gas hydrate is decomposed into gas and cracked water during the gasification. When it is necessary to transport the generated cracked water to the production site (loading site), it is transported by a ballast tank. The cargo hold 10 can also be used.

  The revolving frame 12 is supported by both the rail 11 a of the center column 11 and the rail 10 e of the cylindrical wall surface 10 a of the cargo hold 10, and is provided so as to be able to turn around the center column 11. 4 and the like, the rail 10e is provided on the cylindrical wall surface 10a, but may be provided on the upper surface 10c. Further, wheels (not shown) for moving on the rails 11a and 10e, a driving device (not shown) for driving the wheels, a control device (not shown) for controlling the driving device, and the like are also provided.

  The swivel conveying device 13 is suspended by a suspension rope 13a while maintaining a horizontal state on the swivel frame 12, and the suspension rope 13a is wound up or taken out by a take-up winch (not shown) on the swivel frame. It is supported so that it can move up and down.

  In addition, the swivel transport device 13 can transport the cargo C in the horizontal direction between the center column 11 and the cylindrical wall surface 10a so that the cargo C can be dispersed and dispersed, and the cargo C can be collected and collected. In addition, a screw conveyor is provided. This screw conveyor is composed of one or several sets of screw shafts. In the case of two shafts, the screw conveyor is configured to rotate in opposite directions. The cargo C moves to the inner cylinder wall surface 10a side, and in reverse rotation, the cargo C between the pair of screw shafts moves to the center column 11 side.

  The telescopic chute (telescopic chute) 14 is for supplying the cargo C from the revolving frame 12 receiving the cargo C from the cargo supply port 10d to the revolving transport device 13 by free fall. Accordingly, it is configured to expand and contract. Further, as the swivel frame 12 turns, a swiveling horizontal transfer device 12a formed by a swiveling screw conveyor or the like is provided, and one end of the horizontal conveyor 12 is disposed below the cargo load supply port 10d, and the other end Is disposed above the telescopic chute 14. That is, the telescopic chute 14 serves as a feeder for reliably dropping the cargo C onto the swivel conveying device 13 that swivels the cargo C during loading / unloading. The telescopic chute 14 is used to reliably drop the cargo C onto the swivel conveying device 13, but even if the cargo C slightly falls off the swivel conveying device 13 and falls, Since it falls, if there is no problem with this, the telescopic chute 14 can be omitted.

  Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 1-5, as an external conveying apparatus of the cargo hold 10, the lower horizontal conveying apparatus 21, the upper direction conveying apparatus 22, the overhang conveying apparatus (conveying apparatus for connection) 23, and the upper horizontal conveying apparatus 24 is configured.

  The lower horizontal transport device 21 is a device that transports the cargo C supplied to the lower portion of the center column 11 from the lower portion of the center column 11 in the horizontal direction, and includes a horizontal screw conveyor, a belt conveyor, an air transport pipe, and the like. And provided in the double bottom 3 under the cargo hold 10. In the double bottom 3, a watertight partition device is provided in front of the lower horizontal transfer device 21, and the lower portion of the cargo hold 10 is closed in a watertight state, and gas hydrate decomposition water or Construct so that the injected water for thawing can be stored.

  The upward conveying device 22 is a device that conveys the cargo C conveyed by the lower horizontal conveying device 21 onto the upper deck 5, such as a screw conveyor, a belt conveyor, a bucket conveyor, an air transportation pipe, etc. It is comprised, and is arrange | positioned in the front (front side), center part, back (front of a bridge), etc. of the cargo hold 10 group. In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, they are arranged in front of the cargo hold 10 group (the bow side).

  As shown in FIG. 5, the overhang conveying device 23 is a device that conveys the cargo C conveyed by the upward conveying device 22 to the land-side lifting and unloading device 44 through the connecting portion 43, and a part of the overhanging conveying device 23 It is provided in such a manner that it can be extended by a telescopic mechanism or a turning mechanism. Thereby, during navigation, the overhanging conveying device 23 is accommodated inside the ship side, overhangs outside the ship side at the time of cargo handling, and conveyed to the land-side lifting handling equipment.

  Further, the upper horizontal transport device 24 is a device that transports the cargo C supplied from the land cargo handling facility in the horizontal direction and distributes it to the cargo supply port 10d of each cargo hold 10, and includes a horizontal screw conveyor, A belt conveyor, a bucket conveyor, an air transport pipe, and the like are provided on the upper deck 5 or below the upper deck 5 (on the upper deck 5 in the configurations of FIGS. 1 to 9). If it is provided below the upper deck 5, the surroundings can be easily covered with an inert gas. However, the upper deck 5 tends to be high, and when placed on the upper deck 5, an airtight structure that covers the upper horizontal transport device 24 is formed. Necessary.

  When the upper horizontal transfer device 24 is provided, as shown in FIG. 4, the overhang transfer device 23 is configured to be connectable to the land-side loading / unloading device 44 through the connection portion 43, and It is preferable that the cargo C be received and supplied to the upper horizontal transfer device 24. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the land-side loading / unloading device 44 from being deployed in the hull side rather than the ship side, and the possibility that the land-side loading / unloading device 44 collides with the hull and damages the hull can be eliminated.

  That is, the overhanging conveyance device 23 can receive the cargo C from the land-side loading / unloading device 42 and the cargo C conveyed from the overhanging conveyance device 23 is supplied to the loaded cargo supply port 10d at the upper part of the cargo hold 10. An upper horizontal transfer device 24 is provided as a horizontal transfer device.

  And the conveyance path | route of the cargo C of the cargo hold 10 and the external cargo handling apparatuses 21, 22, 23, and 24 is made into an airtight state with respect to the exterior, and is filled with an inert gas as needed.

  Next, a ship according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This ship 1A comprises a tank 10A which becomes a cargo hold when mounted on the ship 1A as a separate body from the hull structure, and is mounted on the ship hull so that the cargo hold 10 of the ship 1 of the first embodiment is hulled. It differs from the point that it is formed with an integral structure. Other configurations are the same as those of the ship 1 of the first embodiment.

  In this case, since the cargo hold (tank) 10A manufactured on the land side is mounted on the cargo hold 10B formed on the hull side of the ship 1A, the cargo hold (tank) 10A itself and the cargo hold (tank) 10A are related. Since the internal cargo handling equipment can be produced and assembled on land separately from the hull, the construction period can be shortened.

  Next, the loading / unloading method of the ship in the ships 1 and 1A of the first and second embodiments will be described with reference to FIG.

  This ship loading method is a ship loading method for transporting granular or pelletized gas hydrate cargoes in bulk. As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, cargo C The side loading / unloading device 42, the connecting portion 41, the overhanging conveying device 23, the upper horizontal conveying device 24, the cargo loading port 10d on the upper part of the cargo hold 10, the swiveling horizontal conveying device 12a, the telescopic chute 14, and the swiveling conveying device 13 are provided. Via, it is accommodated in cylindrical cargo holds 10 and 10A.

  More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 9, when the ship 1, 1 </ b> A arrives at the quay 40, the inside of the overhanging transfer device 23 and the upper horizontal transfer device 24 of the ship 1, 1 </ b> A is filled with an inert gas. . After that, the overhanging conveying device 23 on the side of the ship 1, 1 </ b> A is overhanged by an expansion / contraction mechanism or a turning mechanism, etc. Coupled to device 42. After the connection, the valve of the joint portion 41 is opened, and the land-side loading / unloading device 42 and the overhanging conveying device 23 are communicated.

  Then, the cargo C transported from the land-side loading / unloading device 42 is supplied to one end of the overhanging transport device 23 connected under the connecting portion 41, and the supplied cargo C is shown in FIGS. In this manner, the overhanging conveyance device 23 conveys the cargo to one end of the upper horizontal conveyance device 24 (the end portion on the bow side in FIGS. 3 and 8), and the upper horizontal conveyance device 24 moves the cargo C from this one end side to the other end side. Is supplied to each cargo freight supply port 10d provided in the upper part of each cargo hold 10, 10A.

  The cargo C supplied to the cargo freight supply port 10d is conveyed to the telescopic chute 14 via the revolving horizontal conveying device 12a, and conveyed to the center column 11 side of the revolving conveying device 13 by free fall or the like. The cargo C is conveyed from the center column 11 side to the cylindrical wall surface 10a side of the swivel conveying device 13 by rotating a set of screw shafts in the forward direction.

  In the middle of this conveyance, the cargo C falls from the turning conveyance device 13 and is accommodated in the cargo holds 10 and 10A. Since the accommodated cargo C is pushed out from the center column 11 side of the cargo hold 10, 10 </ b> A to the cylindrical wall surface 10 a side by the swivel conveying device 13, it is leveled along the swivel conveying device 13. That is, the cargo C is scattered in the centrifugal direction (radial direction) of the cargo holds 10 and 10A by horizontal conveyance between the center column 11 and the cylindrical wall surface 10a.

  Further, when the cargo C is accommodated and leveled in this centrifugal area, the revolving frame 12 is slightly swung and moved in the circumferential direction, and the cargo C is accommodated and leveled in the centrifugal area. When this is repeated or continuously and the swivel transport device 13 is swung 360 degrees, the storage and leveling of the cargo C at that height is completed. That is, the cargo C is scattered in the circumferential direction of the cargo holds 10 and 10A by the turning of the turning and conveying device 13, and the cargo C is accommodated in the cargo holds 10 and 10A.

  When the storage and leveling of the cargo C for one round in the cylindrical cargo holds 10 and 10A are completed, the suspension rope 13a that suspends the swivel conveying device 13 from the swivel frame 12 is wound up, and the swivel conveying device 13 Increase the height by a predetermined amount. Then, when the storage and leveling of the cargo C for one round at this height are completed, the height of the swivel conveying device 13 is further increased by a predetermined amount. By repeating this, the storage and leveling of the cargo C are performed from immediately above the bottom surface 10b of the cargo hold 10, 10A to the full load state, and the cargo C is mounted in the cargo hold 10, 10A to obtain the full load state.

  The cargo C is loaded into the cargo holds 10 and 10A simultaneously or sequentially in the cargo holds 10 and 10A so that all the cargo holds 10 and 10A are fully loaded. Thereafter, the cargo hold 10, 10A is sealed with a valve (not shown) or the like provided in the cargo supply port 10d and filled with an inert gas as necessary.

  Moreover, in the connection part 41, after sealing the land-side loading / unloading apparatus 42 side and the overhanging conveyance apparatus 23 side, it isolate | separates and isolate | separates. On the ship 1, 1 </ b> A side, the inert gas in the overhang transfer device 23 and the upper horizontal transfer value device 24 is replaced with air. Further, the overhanging conveying device 23 protruding outward from the ship side is housed and fixed inside the ship side by reducing or turning. This completes the cargo handling.

  Next, a method for unloading and handling a ship in the ships 1 and 1A according to the first and second embodiments will be described with reference to FIG.

  This ship unloading method is a ship unloading method for transporting granular or pelletized gas hydrate cargoes in a bulk state. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 5, the cargo C is swirled. Cargo accommodated in the cylindrical cargo holds 10 and 10A via the transport device 13, the lower horizontal transport device 21, the upward transport device 22, the overhang transport device 23, the connecting portion 43, and the land-side lifting and unloading device 44. Unload C into land-side lifting and unloading equipment.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, when the ship 1, 1 </ b> A arrives at the quay 40, the inert gas is placed inside the overhanging transfer device 23, the upward transfer device 22, and the lower horizontal transfer device 21 of the ship 1, 1 </ b> A. Fill. After that, the overhanging conveying device 23 on the ship 1, 1 </ b> A side is overhanged by an expansion / contraction mechanism, a turning mechanism, etc. Coupled to the cargo handling device 44. After the coupling, the valve of the joint 43 is opened, and the land-side lifting and handling device 44 and the overhanging conveying device 23 are communicated.

  And the system which supplies inert gas in the cargo holds 10 and 10A is prepared with the reduction | decrease of the cargo C of the cargo holds 10 and 10A. Thereafter, the swivel conveyor 14 is unwound from the swivel frame 12 and the suspension rope 13a that suspends the swirl conveyor 13 is unwound, and an experiment or the like is performed in advance on the upper surface of the cargo C on which the height of the swirl conveyor 13 is mounted. Make it the relative height that you have found in

  The cargo C is transported from the cylindrical wall surface 10 a side to the center column 11 side of the swivel transport device 13 by reversely rotating a set of screw shafts of the swivel transport device 13. By this conveyance, the cargo C is pushed out from the discharge port of the swivel conveyance device 13 to the upper surface of the ring 11c of the center column 11 shown in FIG. 11, enters the center column 11 from the receiving port 11b, and falls from the opening 11d. Then, it is conveyed to the lower part of the center column 11.

  When the cargo C that can be transported by the swivel transport device 13 at that position disappears or decreases, the swivel frame 12 is slightly swung to move in the circumferential direction, and the cargo C in the centrifugal direction is moved to the center column 11. To the receiving port 11b. When this is repeated or continuously and the swivel transport device 13 is swung 360 degrees, the transport of the cargo C to the center column 11 at that height is completed. That is, the cargo C is collected on the center column 11 by the turning of the turning conveyance device 13.

  Then, when the collection of the cargo C for one round in the cylindrical cargo holds 10 and 10A is completed, the suspension rope 13a that suspends the swivel conveying device 13 is unwound from the swivel frame 12, and the height of the swivel conveying device 13 is increased. Decrease by a predetermined amount. When the collection of the cargo C for one round at this height is completed, the height of the swivel conveying device 13 is further lowered by a predetermined amount. By repeating this, the cargo C is collected from the top surface of the fully loaded cargo C in the cargo holds 10, 10A to directly above the bottom surface 10b, and the cargo C in the cargo holds 10, 10A is collected in the center column 11. To leave it empty.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the cargo C transported to the lower part of the center column 11 is horizontally leveled by the lower horizontal transporting device 21 disposed inside the double bottom 3 below the cargo holds 10, 10A. Transport in the direction. The cargo C transported by the lower horizontal transport device 21 is transported onto the upper deck 5 by the upward transport device 22, and the cargo C transported by the upward transport device 22 is connected to the connecting portion 43 by the overhang transport device 23. To the landside lifting and unloading device 44.

  When all the cargo C in the cargo hold 10, 10A is landed by being transported from the inside of the cargo hold 10, 10A of the cargo C to the land-side lifting / unloading device 44, at the connection portion 41, the land-side lifting / loading device 44 side Then, the overhang conveying device 23 side is sealed, and then separated and separated. On the ship 1, 1 </ b> A side, the inert gas in the overhanging transfer device 23, the upward transfer device 22, and the lower horizontal transfer value device 21 is replaced with air as necessary. Further, the overhanging conveying device 23 protruding outward from the ship side is housed and fixed inside the ship side by reducing or turning. This completes the cargo handling.

  According to the above-mentioned ship, ship loading and unloading method, and many loading and unloading devices are arranged and kept in the cargo holds 10 and 10A. Since no section is required, the hull can be shortened, the section height for installing the cargo handling device can be lowered, and the forward view can be improved, so the position of the bridge can be lowered. Specifically, although it is a trial design stage, when the cargo loading capacity (cargo volume) is sought at the same 140,000 cubic meters, the enclosed compartment that hinders the line of sight is compared with the ship of cited Patent Document 1. The height will be about 3m lower and the length of the ship will be shortened by 30m.

  In addition, since the bottom surface 10b of the cargo hold 10, 10A is a flat surface or a flat surface with a camber when considering drainage, the volume of the hull is smaller than that of a cargo hold in which the lower part of the prior art is formed in a conical shape or a pyramid shape. It can be used efficiently, and the cargo C can be loaded at a low position in the hull, so that the center of gravity of the hull can be lowered, and there is an advantage in terms of stability. Further, since the openings of the cargo holds 10 and 10A are only the upper cargo cargo supply port 10d and the lower part of the center column 11, it is not necessary to provide a large opening, and the airtight state can be easily maintained.

  The movement of the loading / unloading apparatus during loading / unloading is such that the swivel conveying device 13 plays a leading role in both loading and unloading in the cargo holds 10 and 10A. Since the turning and the control of the rotation of the screw shaft are the center, the cargo handling control that needs to be performed quantitatively is simplified.

  In addition, since a cargo handling device is provided for each cargo hold 10, 10A and each cargo hold 10, 10A can be handled independently, the loading procedure between cargo holds 10, 10A during loading and unloading. There is no restriction on the payout procedure, the trim change accompanying the increase or decrease of the load can be reduced, and the ballast adjustment of the ship 1, 1A at the time of cargo handling becomes remarkably easy.

  Furthermore, it is possible to limit the place where the cargo handling device is troubled, and in particular, it is possible to limit the trouble of the cargo handling device in the cargo holds 10 and 10A within the cargo hold. Therefore, even when a part of the cargo handling device fails, the cargo can be paid out by other cargo handling devices other than the cargo holds 10 and 10A where the cargo handling device has failed. The oxygen concentration and temperature management of the cargo handling devices in the cargo holds 10 and 10A can be simultaneously managed by performing the oxygen concentration and temperature management in the cargo holds 10 and 10A.

  Furthermore, during cargo handling, cargo C is loaded while being leveled, and cargo C is unloaded while being cut out in plane, so that cargo C does not form a vacancy by forming a mountain. This makes it easy to grasp the load amount of the cargo C. That is, since the upper surface of the cargo C is leveled at the end of loading and unloading, the amount of cargo accepted or discharged can be easily confirmed depending on the height.

  In addition, since the natural collapse of the mountain of cargo C is eliminated during handling and operation, it is possible to avoid burying or failure of the cargo handling device due to natural collapse, and also eliminate the risk of loss of ship hull stability due to collapse of cargo during operation. be able to.

  In addition, since cargo can be handled while maintaining a flat state by a swivel conveying device during cargo handling, the conventional method does not employ a conical or pyramid-shaped inclined discharge method. Occurrence of the blockage of the cargo C in the conical shape or the pyramid shape of the technology is eliminated, and the situation in which the cargo cannot be paid out due to the blockage can be eliminated, and the cargo C can be reliably paid out.

  Further, when the gas hard rate is transported as the cargo C, the central tower of the center column 11 can also be used as a drain outlet when the cargo C is forcibly melted with water as an emergency response. . In addition, when it is necessary to transport the cracked water generated after using the gas hydrate of cargo C to the consuming area, the cargo hold 10, 10A can be used as a tank for transporting the cracked water. Therefore, it is possible to take a sufficient tank volume for the cracked water and to transport approximately twice as much cracked water to the production site as compared with the case where the reclaimer type cargo handling is adopted.

  The center of the cylinder of the cargo hold of the present invention is the center of a circle when the cargo hold 10, 10A is a cylindrical type as exemplified above, but in the case of a shape other than the cylindrical shape, A circle is imaginary inside and the center of this imaginary circle is shown. As a preferable center position, when the shape of the cargo hold is a rectangular tube shape or a polygonal cylinder shape whose opposite sides are parallel to each other, the intersection of the lines connecting each side and the center of the opposite side is set to the shape of the cargo hold tube. The center. In other cases, a circle having the maximum diameter that is inscribed in at least two portions of the cylindrical wall surface and does not intersect the wall surface is assumed, and the center of the virtual circle is set as the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold. If a plurality of circles are hypothesized depending on conditions, any one of them is selected, and the center of the selected virtual circle is set as the center of the cargo hold cylinder.

  The ship, the loading and unloading method of the present invention, and the unloading and unloading method of the ship can load and unload cargo in a cargo hold in a state where the cargo is leveled in a plane, and the Gas hydrate that can generate flammable gas because it can suppress increase and deterioration of prospects, and can reduce the opening of cargo hold and manage oxygen concentration and temperature for each hold. Etc., and can be used for ships that transport granular or pellet gas hydrate cargoes in bulk, especially those that transport cargoes that tend to stick or become clogged.

1, 1A Ship 3 Double bottom 5 Upper deck 10, 10B Cargo hold 10A Cargo hold (tank)
10a Cylindrical wall surface 10b Bottom surface 10c Upper surface 10d Cargo supply port 10e Rail 11 Center column (central tower)
11a Rail 11b Receiving port 12 Revolving frame 12a Revolving horizontal conveying device 13 Revolving conveying device 13a Suspension rope 14 Telescopic chute (telescopic chute)
21 Lower horizontal transfer device 22 Upward transfer device 23 Overhang transfer device (transfer device for connection)
24 Upper horizontal transfer device 40 Wharf 41, 43 Connection part 42 Land side loading / unloading device 44 Land side lifting / unloading device B1 Ring width (horizontal length)
C Cargo (gas hydrate pellets)

Claims (13)

In ships that carry bulk or pelletized gas hydrate cargo in bulk,
It has a cylindrical cargo hold with a cargo supply port at the top to accommodate the cargo,
A center column provided at the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold;
The cargo that is turnable around the center column and is movable up and down and that is received directly or indirectly from the cargo cargo supply port is conveyed horizontally between the center column and the cylindrical wall surface. And a swivel conveying device for spreading the cargo and collecting the cargo,
A receiving port provided in the center column for receiving the cargo collected by the swivel conveying device into the center column;
A lower horizontal transport device for transporting the cargo supplied from the receiving port to the lower part of the center column from the lower part of the center column to the front or rear of the hull;
An upward conveying device that conveys the cargo conveyed by the lower horizontal conveying device onto an upper deck;
A transport device for connection that transports the cargo transported by the upward transport device to a land-side lifting and unloading facility , and the transport device for connection is configured to receive the cargo from the land-side loading and unloading device; The ship provided with the upper horizontal conveyance apparatus which supplies the said cargo conveyed from the said connection conveying apparatus to the said cargo supply port of the upper part of the said cargo hold . For ships that carry cargo other than gas hydrate in bulk,
It has a cylindrical cargo hold with a cargo freight supply port at the top to accommodate the cargo,
A center column provided in the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold;
A horizontal direction is provided between the center column and the side wall surface of the cylinder. The cargo is provided so as to be capable of swiveling around the center column and movable up and down and received directly or indirectly from the cargo supply port. And a swivel conveying device for carrying out the dispersion of the cargo and the collection of the cargo;
A receiving port provided in the center column for receiving the cargo collected by the swivel conveying device into the center column;
A lower horizontal transport device for transporting the cargo supplied from the receiving port to the lower part of the center column from the lower part of the center column to the front or rear of the hull;
An upward conveying device that conveys the cargo conveyed by the lower horizontal conveying device onto an upper deck;
A transport device for connection that transports the cargo transported by the upward transport device to a land-side lifting and unloading facility , and the transport device for connection is configured to receive the cargo from the land-side loading and unloading device; The ship provided with the upper horizontal conveyance apparatus which supplies the said cargo conveyed from the said connection conveying apparatus to the said cargo supply port of the upper part of the said cargo hold . In ships that carry bulk or pelletized gas hydrate cargo in bulk,
It has a cylindrical cargo hold other than a cylinder that has a cargo freight supply port at the top and accommodates the cargo,
A center column provided in the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold;
A horizontal direction is provided between the center column and the side wall surface of the cylinder. The cargo is provided so as to be capable of swiveling around the center column and movable up and down and received directly or indirectly from the cargo supply port. And a swivel conveying device for carrying out the dispersion of the cargo and the collection of the cargo;
A receiving port provided in the center column for receiving the cargo collected by the swivel conveying device into the center column;
A lower horizontal transport device for transporting the cargo supplied from the receiving port to the lower part of the center column from the lower part of the center column to the front or rear of the hull;
An upward conveying device that conveys the cargo conveyed by the lower horizontal conveying device onto an upper deck;
A transport device for connection that transports the cargo transported by the upward transport device to a land-side lifting and unloading facility , and the transport device for connection is configured to receive the cargo from the land-side loading and unloading device; The ship provided with the upper horizontal conveyance apparatus which supplies the said cargo conveyed from the said connection conveying apparatus to the said cargo supply port of the upper part of the said cargo hold . The ship according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the connecting conveying device is an overhanging conveying device that is partly provided so as to be able to overhang the outer side . The ship according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cargo hold and the conveyance route of the cargo are airtight with respect to the outside . The ship according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cargo hold is integrated with a hull structure . The ship according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cargo hold is configured separately from a hull structure and mounted on the hull . A method of loading and unloading a vessel that carries granular or pelletized gas hydrate cargo in bulk,
The cargo transported from the land-side loading and unloading device via the connecting transfer device that protrudes to the outside of the ship at the time of cargo handling is transported in the horizontal direction by the upper horizontal transport device and provided at the upper part of the cylindrical cargo hold. To the cargo supply port,
The cargo supplied to the cargo supply port can be swiveled around the center column directly or indirectly between a center column provided at the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold and a cylindrical wall surface of the cargo hold, And transported to a swivel transport device that can move up and down,
The swivel transport device transports the cargo in the horizontal direction between the center column and the cylindrical wall surface, disperses the cargo in the centrifugal direction of the cargo hold, and equalizes the cargo by swirling the swivel transport device. Spraying in the circumferential direction of the cargo hold,
After turning the swivel conveying device, the swivel conveying device is moved upward by a preset amount, and the centrifugal and circumferential spreading and leveling of the cargo are performed,
The ship is characterized in that the cargo is accommodated in the cargo hold by repeating the turning and upward movement of the swivel conveying device and the centrifugal and circumferential spreading and leveling of the cargo accompanying the movement. Loading and unloading method. A method of loading and unloading a ship that carries cargo other than gas hydrate in bulk,
The cargo transported from the land-side loading / unloading device via the connecting transport device that protrudes to the outside of the ship at the time of cargo handling is transported in the horizontal direction by the upper horizontal transport device and is provided at the upper part of the cylindrical cargo hold. To the cargo supply port,
The cargo supplied to the cargo supply port can be swiveled around the center column directly or indirectly between a center column provided at the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold and a side wall surface of the cylinder of the cargo hold. And transported to a swivel transport device provided so as to be movable up and down,
By the swivel conveying device, the cargo is transported in the horizontal direction between the center column and the side wall surface of the cylinder and dispersed in the centrifugal direction of the cargo hold. Spread the cargo in the circumferential direction of the cargo hold and level it,
After turning the swivel conveying device, the swivel conveying device is moved upward by a preset amount, and the centrifugal and circumferential spreading and leveling of the cargo are performed,
The ship is characterized in that the cargo is accommodated in the cargo hold by repeating the turning and upward movement of the swivel conveying device and the centrifugal and circumferential spreading and leveling of the cargo accompanying the movement. Loading and unloading method. A method of loading and unloading a vessel that carries granular or pelletized gas hydrate cargo in bulk,
The cargo transported from the land-side loading / unloading device via the connecting transport device that protrudes to the outside of the ship at the time of cargo handling is transported horizontally by the upper horizontal transport device to the upper part of the cylindrical cargo hold other than the cylinder. Supply to the cargo freight supply port provided,
The cargo supplied to the cargo supply port can be swiveled around the center column directly or indirectly between a center column provided at the center of the cylinder of the cargo hold and a side wall surface of the cylinder of the cargo hold. And transported to a swivel transport device provided so as to be movable up and down,
By the swivel conveying device, the cargo is transported in the horizontal direction between the center column and the side wall surface of the cylinder and dispersed in the centrifugal direction of the cargo hold. Spread the cargo in the circumferential direction of the cargo hold and level it,
After turning the swivel conveying device, the swivel conveying device is moved upward by a preset amount, and the centrifugal and circumferential spreading and leveling of the cargo are performed,
The ship is characterized in that the cargo is accommodated in the cargo hold by repeating the turning and upward movement of the swivel conveying device and the centrifugal and circumferential spreading and leveling of the cargo accompanying the movement. Loading and unloading method. A method of unloading a ship that transports granular or pelletized gas hydrate cargo in bulk,
A swivel transfer device that can be swung around a center column provided at the center of a cylinder of a cylindrical cargo hold and that can be moved up and down is moved and swung in the vertical direction by the swivel transfer device. The cargo housed in the cargo hold is transported to the receiving port of the center column by transporting in the horizontal direction between the center column and the cylindrical wall surface,
The cargo conveyed to the lower part in the center column from the receiving port of the center column is conveyed to the front or rear of the hull by a lower horizontal conveying device,
The cargo transported by the lower horizontal transport device is transported on the upper deck by an upward transport device,
A part of the cargo transported by the upward transporting device is provided so as to be able to project to the outside on the ship side , and is configured to receive the cargo from the land-side loading and unloading device, and the upper part of the cargo hold A method of unloading and unloading a ship, characterized in that it is transported to a land-side lifting and unloading facility by an overhanging transport device configured to be able to supply the cargo to an upper horizontal transport device that supplies the cargo to a cargo cargo supply port . A method of unloading a ship that carries cargo other than gas hydrate in bulk,
A swivel transfer device that can be swung around a center column provided at the center of a cylinder of a cylindrical cargo hold and that can be moved up and down is moved and swung up and down by the swivel transfer device. The cargo stored in the cargo hold is transported to the receiving port of the center column by transporting in the horizontal direction between the center column and the side wall surface of the cylinder,
The cargo conveyed to the lower part in the center column from the receiving port of the center column is conveyed to the front or rear of the hull by a lower horizontal conveying device,
The cargo transported by the lower horizontal transport device is transported on the upper deck by an upward transport device,
A part of the cargo transported by the upward transporting device is provided so as to be able to project to the outside on the ship side , and is configured to receive the cargo from the land-side loading and unloading device, and the upper part of the cargo hold A method of unloading and unloading a ship, characterized in that it is transported to a land-side lifting and unloading facility by an overhanging transport device configured to be able to supply the cargo to an upper horizontal transport device that supplies the cargo to a cargo cargo supply port . A method of unloading a ship that transports granular or pelletized gas hydrate cargo in bulk,
A swivel conveyor that can be swung around a center column provided in the center of a cylinder of a cylindrical cargo hold other than a cylinder and that can be moved up and down is moved and swung while moving and swiveling. The freight housed in the cargo hold is conveyed by the conveying device to the receiving port of the center column in a horizontal conveyance between the center column and the side wall surface of the cylinder,
The cargo conveyed to the lower part in the center column from the receiving port of the center column is conveyed to the front or rear of the hull by a lower horizontal conveying device,
The cargo transported by the lower horizontal transport device is transported on the upper deck by an upward transport device,
A part of the cargo transported by the upward transporting device is provided so as to be able to project to the outside on the ship side , and is configured to receive the cargo from the land-side loading and unloading device, and the upper part of the cargo hold A method of unloading and unloading a ship, characterized in that it is transported to a land-side lifting and unloading facility by an overhanging transport device configured to be able to supply the cargo to an upper horizontal transport device that supplies the cargo to a cargo cargo supply port .

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