JP5944128B2 - Roof structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a roof structure.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a roof structure including a pair of beams laid so as to be parallel and having a height difference and a roof panel made of a wooden material supported by the beams is known. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a technique for laying a roof panel made of a wood-based material on a beam made of H-shaped steel using a member or a bonding material.

JP-A-5-287833 JP-A-7-26652 JP 2005-320820 A

  However, since nails are used to fix the roof core material (the diagonal material of the roof panel) to the beam with the fastening member, the frame work cannot be easily performed in the frame work of the steel-framed industrial housing centered on the bolt joint. , Work efficiency is bad. In addition, when the binding member is wound around the beam, it becomes an obstacle to the attachment of the outer wall panel.

  As described above, when using a roof panel made of a wood-based material, a roof structure that can improve work efficiency, suppress manufacturing costs, and simplify the shape of hardware has been conventionally demanded.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and when using a roof panel made of a wood-based material, the work efficiency is improved, the manufacturing cost is suppressed, and the shape of the hardware is simplified. The object is to provide a roof structure that can be used.

  A roof structure according to the present invention includes a pair of beams made of a shape steel having an upper flange and spanned in parallel and having a height difference, and a roof panel supported by a pair of beams made of a wooden material. The roof panel is joined to the beam via a first joint hardware attached to the beam and a second joint hardware attached to the roof panel, and the first joint hardware is It has a plate-shaped joint piece corresponding to the roof gradient, and is attached to the upper end surface of the beam. The second joint metal is a plate-shaped joint piece that is abutted with the joint piece of the first joint metal and is bolted. It is characterized by having.

  In the roof structure according to the present invention, the roof panel made of a wood-based material is processed into a beam made of a shape steel having an upper flange through the first joint hardware and the second joint hardware, and processing according to the roof slope of the roof panel is performed. It can be easily fixed and supported by bolt joining without having to do. That is, a roof panel made of a wood-based material can be handled in the same manner as other steel frame members, and construction by a frame work is possible. Moreover, since the shape of each of the first and second bonded hardware is simplified, the manufacturing cost of the hardware can be reduced. Furthermore, when the shearing force of the roof surface is applied to the joint hardware, as a reinforcement for preventing the hardware from falling, if the rigidity of only the first joint hardware is improved, the entire hardware can be prevented from falling. Such efficient reinforcement can be easily performed in combination with the simplified shape of the hardware. As described above, when a roof panel made of a wood-based material is used, it is possible to improve the working efficiency, suppress the manufacturing cost, and simplify the shape of the hardware.

  The roof structure which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable that the 2nd joining metal fitting is attached so that a joining piece may become the same surface as the lower surface of a roof panel. Thus, by setting it as the structure in which a 2nd joining metal fitting does not protrude from the lower surface of a roof panel, even if it conveys in the state attached to the roof panel previously, stacking becomes possible and it can convey efficiently. In addition, when the joining piece of the first joining hardware can extend from the lower surface of the roof panel to the upper side, the shape of the hardware may be complicated, but the joining piece of the second joining hardware is the same surface as the lower surface, The shape of the one-piece hardware can be simplified.

  In the roof structure according to the present invention, it is preferable that the joining piece of the first joining hardware is configured to substantially contact the edge of the upper flange of the beam. Since the roof panel and the beam are not separated from each other, when the roof surface functions as a structural surface (that is, functions to transmit a shearing force), deformation due to a force that twists the joint hardware can be prevented. .

  In the roof structure according to the present invention, the roof panel includes a plurality of diagonal members arranged in parallel to the roof gradient direction, and a frame body including a pair of connecting members that connect upper ends and lower ends of the diagonal members. A fixing member that is attached in contact with the side surface of the diagonal member and the side surface of the connecting member in an angle shape. It is preferable that the joining piece is configured to extend from the lower end of the fixed piece. With such a configuration, it is possible to make the second bonding hardware also have the function of stiffening the roof panel, and to increase the shear rigidity of the roof surface.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, when using the roof panel of a wooden material, work efficiency can be improved, manufacturing cost can be suppressed, and the shape of a hardware can be simplified.

It is a figure which shows the gable roof building which employ | adopted the roof structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a model figure which shows the structure of the main frame of a gable roof building. It is the front view which looked at the main frame of the gable roof building from the wives side. It is the figure which looked at the structure of the frame around a master beam and a master pillar from the beam direction. It is the figure which looked at the roof part structure from the lower part. It is sectional drawing which looked at the structure of the vicinity of a girder beam from the girder direction. It is sectional drawing which looked at the structure near a master beam from the girder direction. It is a figure which shows the modification of the metal joint on the ridge part side. It is a figure which shows the modification of the joining metal fitting by the side of a girder part. It is sectional drawing along the XX line shown in FIG. It is a model figure for demonstrating load transmission and the acting moment. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a glass window vicinity.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a gable roof building and a roof structure according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a view showing a gable roof building that employs a roof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a part of a building is a cross section, and a space inside the building is shown. FIG. 2 is a model diagram showing the configuration of the main frame of the gable roof building. FIG. 3 is a front view of the main frame of the gable roof building as seen from the gable side. FIG. 4 is a diagram of the structure of the frame around the ridge beam and the ridge pillar viewed from the beam direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the gable roof building 1 where the roof structure 100 was employ | adopted is a steel-framed two-story industrialized house. In this gable roof building 1, a frame is constituted by a combination of structural members that have been standardized (standardized) in advance. Each structural member is manufactured at a factory and assembled at a construction site. The gable roof building 1 has a planar module M, and the foundation beams, columns, and beams are on streets set in two orthogonal directions at intervals of an integral multiple of the module M (so that the center positions coincide with the streets). Arranged). In this embodiment, the (at least) top floor of the gable roof building 1 has a rectangular shape in plan view. The gable roof building 1 has a gable roof with a relatively gentle slope (2.6 inch slope). The gable roof building 1 has a ridge part 1A, a girder part 1B, and a wife part 1C (also has a wife face T and a girder face K). The gable roof building 1 is mainly configured by including a steel frame main frame 2, a roof structure 3, and other walls and floors. The roof structure 100 includes at least the main frame 2 and the roof part structure 3.

  The configuration of the main frame 2 of the gable roof building 1 will be described. The main frame 2 mainly includes a ridge frame 2A formed on the ridge 1A and a pair of girder frames 2B forming a surface. A roof structure 3 having in-plane rigidity (which can transmit shearing force) is bridged and joined to the ridge frame 2A and the girder frame 2B. That is, the horizontal force acting on the ridge frame 2A is easily transmitted to the girder frame 2B via the roof structure 3. Moreover, the fixed degree by the side of the ridge part frame 2A of the roof part structure 3 is set smaller than the fixed degree by the side part frame 2B side (detailed description of a fixed degree is mentioned later).

  The ridge 1A is formed with a gate-shaped ridge frame 2A configured to include a ridge beam 4 and a pair of ridge pillars 6 (king posts) that support at least both ends of the ridge beam 4. The master beam 4 is made of H-shaped steel, and the master beam 6 is made of a square steel pipe. The ridge pillar 6 has a rectangular cross section in which the girder direction is the longitudinal direction in order to ensure the strength in the girder direction (so as to resist bending that occurs when the end portion 1C receives wind pressure). . The ridge pillar 6 and the ridge beam 4 are pin-bonded, and the ridge frame 2A is configured not to bear a horizontal force acting in the girder direction. For example, the joint hardware 8 attached to the column head 7 of the ridge column 6 and the both ends of the web 4a of the ridge beam 4 are joined by bolts (see FIG. 4). An intermediate ridge pillar 6 may be provided between the ridge pillar 6 and the ridge pillar 6 at both ends. Further, the lower surface of the ridge beam 4 is supported by the ridge pillar 6, the ridge beam 4 protrudes from the ridge pillar 6 in a cantilever shape, and the roof portion structure 3 (庇) ) May be supported.

  The both girder portions 1B are each provided with a girder 11 that is parallel to the ridge beam 4 and has a height difference, and a pair of girder columns 12 that support at least both ends of the girder 11. Frames 2B are respectively formed. The girder 11 is made of H-shaped steel, and the girder 12 is made of a square steel pipe. An intermediate beam 12 may be provided between the beam columns 12 at both ends. Furthermore, in the girder frame 2B, the load-bearing element 14 composed of a combination of a plurality of steel materials in both girder parts (having the same configuration as that provided in the end part 1C in FIG. 3) and the load-bearing element 14 made of a square steel pipe. A mounting column 16 is provided and forms a surface (that is, it is configured to bear a horizontal force acting in the girder direction). Further, a wall body 17 made of an ALC wall panel is also formed on the outer surface of the girder frame 2B (see FIG. 1). You may comprise so that a structural surface may be made by omitting a yield strength element and rigidly joining the beam 12 and the beam 11. Moreover, like the ridge pillar 6, you may comprise so that the girder beam 11 may protrude from the girder column 12 in the shape of a cantilever, and the roof part structure body 3 (庇) may be supported.

  A span between the top of the beam column 12 of the end portion 1C and the middle portion of the ridge column 6 is bridged so that the end portion horizontal beam 21 having the same cross-sectional shape as the beam beam 11 has the same height as the beam beam 11. Has been. The wife horizontal beam 21 is divided by the ridge pillar 6 and provided as a pair. In addition, a load bearing element 14 and a pillar 16 for mounting the load bearing element 14 are installed in the end portion 1C. The load bearing element 14 of the end portion 1C and the column 16 for mounting the load bearing element have the same shape and the same fit as the members of the beam portion 1B. Further, a wall body 22 made of an ALC wall panel is also formed on the outer surface of the end portion 1C (see FIG. 1).

  In the main frame 2 of the gable roof building 1, the climbing beam that bridges the top of the ridge column 6 and the top of the beam column 12 is omitted, and climbing is performed when a window is provided near the ridge 1A in the wife 1C. A wide opening can be secured at a higher position without being restricted by the beam. Further, the beam spanned between the ridge pillars 6 at both ends is only the ridge beam 4 at the top, and the crossing of the clouds provided below the ridge beam 4 and the beam for supporting it are omitted. The ceiling at 1A can be made high (and an open ceiling with no beams on the way).

  Next, with reference to FIG. 5, the structure of the roof part structure 3 is demonstrated. FIG. 5 is a view of the roof surface structure from below. The roof part construction body 3 includes a plurality of roof panels 30 and forms a roof construction surface. The roof panel 30 includes a frame body 31 and a face material 32 that covers the upper surface 31 a of the frame body 31. The frame 31 includes a plurality of diagonal members 33 (two at each end, three in this embodiment) arranged in parallel to the roof gradient direction, and upper ends of the plurality of diagonal members 33 and The upper connecting member 34 and the lower connecting member 36 that connect the lower ends of each other, and the intermediate connecting member 37 that connects the adjacent diagonal members 33 in the middle.

  The material of the roof panel 30 is made of a wood-based material, the face material 32 is made of OSB, a structural wood fiber boat, or the like, and each member constituting the frame 31 is made of a dimension lumbar or LSL. The wood-based material (unlike a metal material such as steel) is a material that is not suitable for providing a plate-like joining piece and directly bolting the beam. The structural members of each roof panel 30 are joined with nails. The face material 32 is composed of a single seamless plate (that is, a configuration in which a plurality of plates are not arranged on the upper surface 31a of the frame body 31), and the upper surface of the frame body 31 with a single plate. By covering substantially the entire area of 31a, the in-plane rigidity is high and the shearing force can be reliably transmitted.

  Each roof panel 30 is bridged between the master beam 4 and the beam 11. The width of the roof panel 30 may be different depending on the attachment location. For example, the width dimension of the roof panel 30 for the intermediate portion is set to an integral multiple of the planar module M, and the width dimension of the roof panel 30 for the end portion, ie, the end portion 1C, is an integral multiple of the planar module M + α (wife). You may set it to the dimension according to the protrusion of the side. The intermediate roof panel 30 extends outward from the spar 1B, the end roof panel 30 extends from the spar and the end, and the extended portion forms a ridge. An intermediate connecting material (girder intermediate connecting material) 37 is disposed at a position corresponding to the girder portion 1B (girder beam 11) of each roof panel 30, and is located at a position corresponding to the end portion 1C (the tread horizontal beam 21). The diagonal material (wife diagonal material) 33 is arranged. Two adjacent roof panels 30 are joined together with nails in a state where the side surfaces of the diagonal member 33 at the end in the width direction are in contact with each other.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 5-7, the structure of the junction part of the roof part structure 3 and the main frame 2 is demonstrated. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration in the vicinity of the beam beam viewed from the beam direction. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration in the vicinity of the master beam 4 as viewed from the direction of the beam. The roof panel 30 constituting the roof part structure 3 is attached to the building beam 4 via the building first bonded metal fitting 40A attached to the building beam 4 and the building second bonded metal fitting 41A attached to the roof panel 30. It is joined. The roof panel 30 is joined to the girder 11 through a first girder joint 40B attached to the girder 11 and a second girder joint 41B attached to the roof panel 30.

(1) Roof Panel Side The ridge part second metal fitting 41 </ b> A is attached to the joint between the upper connecting member 34 and each diagonal member 33. The second ridge part joint 41A is a plate-like joint that is bolted to the fixed piece 43A fixed to the frame 31 and the joint piece 46A of the first ridge part joint 40A on the main frame 2 (ridge beam 4) side. 44A. The fixing piece 43A has an angle shape (L-shape), and is abutted and fixed so as to straddle the side surface 33a of the diagonal member 33 and the side surface 34a of the upper connecting member 34. 44 A of joining pieces are comprised so that it may extend in a horizontal direction from the lower end of 43 A of fixed pieces, and are attached so that it may become the same surface as the lower surface 31b of the frame 31. FIG. The ridge part 2nd metal fitting 41A is being fixed to the roof panel 30 with the nail. In addition, the roof panel 30 is carried in the field in the state in which the ridge part 2nd metal fitting 41A was attached previously. The joining piece 44A may be attached so as not to protrude downward from the lower surface 31b of the frame 31.

  The girder second joint hardware 41 </ b> B is attached to the joint between the intermediate connecting member 37 and each diagonal member 33. The girder second joint hardware 41B is a plate-shaped member that is bolted to the fixed piece 43B fixed to the frame 31 and the joint piece 44B of the first girder joint 40B on the main frame 2 (girder beam 11) side. And a joining piece 44B. The fixing piece 43B has an angle shape (L-shape), and is abutted and fixed so as to straddle the side surface 33a of the diagonal member 33 and the side surface 37a of the intermediate connecting member 37. The joining piece 44B is configured to extend in the horizontal direction from the lower end of the fixed piece 43B, and is attached so as to be flush with the lower surface 31b of the frame body 31. The girder part second joining hardware 41B is fixed to the roof panel 30 with nails. In addition, the roof panel 30 is carried in the field in the state in which the girder second joint hardware 41B is attached in advance. The joining piece 44B may be attached so as not to protrude downward from the lower surface 31b of the frame 31.

  In particular, when the joining pieces 44A and 44B are flush with the lower surface 31b of the frame 31, the manufacturing work of the roof panel 30 can be efficiently performed as follows. First, the diagonal member 33 and the connecting members 34, 36 and 37 are fixed and the frame body 31 is assembled. At this time, the lower surface 31b of the frame 31 is placed on the work surface. Next, the second metal fittings 41A and 41B are put into the frame body 31 (in the space surrounded by each member) from the upper surface 31a side of the frame body 31. At this time, the joining pieces 44A and 44B are placed on the work surface. Next, the fixing pieces 43A and 43B of the second metal fittings 41A and 41B are brought into contact with the corresponding ones of the side surfaces of the diagonal member 33 and the connecting members 34, 36, and 37 for positioning. Here, since the joining pieces 44A and 44B and the lower surface 31b of the frame 31 are both placed on the work surface, they are the same surface, and the positioning of the joining pieces 44A and 44B in the height direction has already been completed. It has become a state. Thereafter, the second metal fittings 41A and 41B are fixed to the side surfaces of the frame body 31 using nails. Next, with the frame body 31 left as it is, the face material 32 is placed on the upper surface 31a and fixed using nails.

  For example, when the positions of the joining pieces 44A and 44B are set at positions deeper than the lower surface 31b of the frame body 31 (positions on the upper surface 31a side) or traveled from the lower surface 31b, the second joining hardware 41A and 41B. Therefore, it may be necessary to keep the lower surface 31b of the frame body 31 facing upward (that is, when attaching the face material 32 in the next step) The material 32 needs to be attached to the frame 31 first, and then the frame 31 needs to be turned over to attach the second bonding hardware 41A and 41B). On the other hand, if the joining pieces 44A and 44B are set on the same surface as the lower surface 31b of the frame 31, alignment of the second joining hardware 41A and 41B in the height direction is unnecessary (the result of being placed on the ground is the result. Therefore, it is not necessary to turn the frame 31 over during the work, so that the work can be performed efficiently.

(2) Main frame side On the upper flange of the ridge beam 4, a ridge part first joint hardware 40A on the main frame 2 side is attached. The ridge part first joining hardware 40A has a fixing piece 47A for fixing to the upper flange of the ridge beam 4 and a joining piece 46A having an inclination angle corresponding to the roof gradient. The ridge portion first joint hardware 40A includes wing-shaped joint pieces 46A on both sides of the fixed piece 47A, and a ridge portion second joint metal fixture 41A attached to the roof panel 30 (on both sides of one member). The pieces 44A) are joined. In the present embodiment, the connection portion between the fixed piece 47A and each joining piece 46A rises upward. The ridge part first joint hardware 40A is fixed to the ridge beam 4 with bolts. The ridge portion first joint hardware 40A and the ridge portion second joint hardware 41A are joined by bolts. The ridge portion first joining hardware 40A has a simple shape in which each piece is formed by bending a steel plate (or each piece is welded and fixed). The vicinity of the joining piece of the ridge part 1st metal fitting 40A and the ridge part 2nd metal fitting 41A is open | released, it can join only by the operation | work from the inside of a building, and is excellent in workability. That is, the operator can attach the roof panel 30 only by fastening with bolts as in the case of fixing other steel members, and there is no need to place an operator outside the building. It can be installed only by workers inside the building.

  In addition, as a modification, a ridge portion first joint hardware 140A illustrated in FIG. 8 may be employed. The ridge part first metal fitting 140A shown in FIG. 8 does not have a rising portion between the connection piece 146A and the fixed piece 147A, and is simply bent. With such a configuration, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the strength can be increased.

  On the upper flange of the girder beam 11, a first girder joint 40 </ b> B on the main frame 2 side is attached. The first girder joint 40B has a fixing piece 47B for fixing to the upper flange of the girder 11 and a joining piece 46B having an inclination angle corresponding to the roof gradient. The first girder joint 40B includes a joining piece 46B extending from the edge of the fixed piece 47B on the ridge 1A side toward the ridge 1A, and is attached to one roof panel 30 (one member). The joined piece 44B) of the second girder part second joined metal piece 41B is joined. In the present embodiment, the connection portion between the fixed piece 47B and each joining piece 46B rises upward. The first girder part joint 40B is fixed to the girder beam 11 with bolts. The first girder part joint 40B and the second girder part joint 41B are joined by bolts. The first girder part joint 40B has a simple shape in which each piece is formed by bending a steel plate (or each piece is welded and fixed). The vicinity of the joining pieces of the first girder joint 40B and the second girder 41B is open, and can be joined only from the inside of the building, and is excellent in workability. That is, the worker can attach the roof panel 30 only by fastening with bolts, as well as fixing other steel members, and it is necessary to place the worker on the outside of the building. It can be installed only by the workers inside the building.

  In addition, as a modification, you may employ | adopt the beam part 1st joining metal fitting 140B shown in FIG. 9 has a rising portion formed from an edge of the fixed piece 147B on the opposite side of the ridge 1A, and forms a substantially U-shaped cross section as a whole. By setting it as such a structure, the attaching operation | work of the girder part 1st joint metal fitting 140B can be performed only by the operator inside a building.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 6, FIG. 10, the structure of the wife part coupling | bond metal fitting 50 is demonstrated. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, in the vicinity of the end portion of the end portion horizontal beam 21 of the end portion 1 </ b> C, a end portion connection hardware 50 that supports the roof panel 30 is arranged. Accordingly, the wife connecting hardware 50 is arranged in the vicinity of the four corners of the roof in a plan view. The end portion connection hardware 50 connects the roof contact portion 51 that contacts the roof panel 30, the beam contact portion 54 that contacts the end portion horizontal beam 21, and the roof contact portion 51 and the beam contact portion 54. A leg portion 52 and a stiffener 53 are provided.

  The roof contact portion 51 supports the diagonal member 33 of the frame body 31 of the roof panel 30, and as shown in FIG. 10, a receiving portion 51 a that receives the lower surface 31 b of the frame body 31 of the roof panel 30, and a receiving portion A rising wall 51b that rises from the end of the portion 51a and abuts against one side surface 33a of the frame 31 is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the receiving part 51a supports the frame 31 of the roof panel 30 from the lower side. In the example of FIG. 10, the diagonal members 33 that are in contact with each other between two adjacent roof panels 30 are supported (however, when an intermediate diagonal member is supported, one diagonal member is supported). In FIG. 10, if two roof panels 30 are referred to as roof panels 30A and 30B for convenience, an oblique member 33A constituting the frame 31 of the roof panel 30A and an oblique member 33B constituting the frame 31 of the roof panel 30B. Is placed on the receiving portion 51a.

  The rising wall 51b is provided with a plurality of nail holes 51c. The frame body 31 of the roof panel 30 is fixed to the roof contact portion 51 by the nail 51d driven in the horizontal direction through the nail hole 51c of the rising wall 51b. The rising wall 51b and the frame body 31 may be fixed by any method such as crimping, screwing, or bolt joining, and is not particularly limited.

  The leg part 52 connects one side of the receiving part 51 a in the roof contact part 51 and one side in the beam contact part 54, and the upper side is along the inclination of the roof panel 30. Inclined. The beam contact portion 54 is connected to the upper flange 21a of the end horizontal beam 21 by a bolt. Two stiffeners 53 are installed between the receiving portion 51 a of the roof contact portion 51 and the beam contact portion 54. The stiffeners 53 are provided in the vicinity of the end portion on one side and in the vicinity of the end portion on the other side in the extending direction of the end portion horizontal beam 21. The stiffener 53 is joined to the receiving portion 51a, the leg portion 52, and the beam contact portion 54 by welding.

  The wife connecting hardware 50 is formed with the length in the extending direction of the wife horizontal beam 21 larger than the length in the height direction, and at the position where the whole is moved closer to the girder frame 2B. It is installed on the top. The load bearing element 14 is connected to the end horizontal beam 21 from below.

  When a horizontal force parallel to the ridge part frame 2A acts on the ridge part 1A of one wife face T, a shear force acts on the other wife face T in a direction to separate the pair of roof part structural bodies 3 from each other. The wife connection hardware 50 can effectively suppress the deformation of the roof structure 3 by resisting the shearing force. (In addition, even when a horizontal force acts in a direction perpendicular to the ridge frame 2A, a load that opens the roof structure 3 is acted after all, and the same effect as described above can be obtained.)

  When the wife coupling hardware 50 is effectively resisted to the shearing force as described above, that is, when the above shearing force is effectively transmitted to the lower load bearing element 14, the rigidity of the wife coupling hardware 50 is increased. Preferably. In view of this point, it is more highly rigid to adopt a construction in which the width of the end portion connecting hardware 50 is larger than the overall length (member width) with respect to the load as described above. Since it can maintain, it is preferable. Here, in the case where the wife connecting hardware 50 is installed near the ridge frame 2A, if the member height is increased to maintain high rigidity, the member width is increased accordingly, and as a result, the wife surface T is substantially increased. The entire surface will be covered with the wife connection hardware 50, and the specification will be too high for the load as described above. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the size of the member can be reduced while the shearing force can be effectively transmitted to the lower load bearing element 14 by installing the end portion connecting hardware 50 near the girder frame 2B. Is possible.

  In addition, the girder connecting hardware 50 is provided closer to the girder frame 2B, so that when the horizontal force in the girder direction is applied, the fixing degree (shearing force transmission capability) on the girder 1B side of the roof panel 30 is further increased. It becomes large and a shear force can be flowed through the girder frame 2B (increasing the load on the girder frame 2B side), and accordingly, the burden on the ridge frame 2A can be reduced. As a result, the degree of fixing of the roof panel 30 on the ridge 1A side can be reduced, the joint hardware 40A, 41A of the ridge 1A can be made simpler and more compact, and the roof surface (roof structure) Noise when a sloped ceiling is formed along the lower surface of the face piece 3 is less likely to be formed.

  When a horizontal force acts in the direction of the wife, part of the shearing force that acts on the roof panel 30 is not via the joint hardware 40A, 41A, 40B, 41B of the ridge part 1A or the girder part 1B. Via the main frame 2. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the burden on the metal fittings 40A, 41A, 40B, and 41B and to make the configuration simpler.

  The configuration of the wife 1C will be described with reference to FIGS. The storage of the wall below the end portion horizontal beam 21 of the end portion 1C is the same as that of the girder portion 1B, and the same member as that of the end portion 1B is used. Thus, since the accommodation of the wall below the wife horizontal beam 21 is the same as that of the girder 1B, it is possible to reduce the number of components. A triangular or trapezoidal outer wall panel whose upper side is machined at an angle corresponding to the roof slope is attached to a portion above the end horizontal beam 21. A trapezoidal glass window 80 is installed at the center (near the ridge 1A).

  The structure near the glass window 80 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the ridge 1A side as viewed from the girder 1B side. As shown in FIG. 12, the glass window 80 includes a lower frame 82 that is horizontal along the end horizontal beam 21, an upper frame 81 that is inclined along the diagonal member 33 of the roof panel 30, and a lower frame 82 and an upper frame. The frame body 85 is composed of two vertical frames (not shown) that connect the end portions of 81, and a glass plate 86 fitted into the frame body 85. In FIG. 12, a part of the cross section of the gradient ceiling surface 83 is shown on the indoor side, and a part of the cross section of the eaves ceiling surface 87 is shown on the outdoor side. A heat insulating material 88 is attached to the lower side of the frame 31. The height positions of the upper frame 81, the gradient ceiling surface 83, the eaves ceiling surface 87, and the like shown in FIG. Since there is no climbing beam along the roof surface in the main frame 2, the upper side of the glass window 80 can be extended to the vicinity of the sloped ceiling surface 83.

  As described above, in the gable roof building 1 according to the present embodiment, the glass window 80 having a larger opening area can be installed at a higher position. In addition, since the ridge column 6 and the ridge beam 4 of the ridge frame 2A are joined by pins and there are no load-bearing elements, the cross section of the member near the ridge 1A can be reduced and the structure of the joint can be simplified. The glass window 80 can be made larger.

  Next, operations and effects of the gable roof building 1 and the roof structure 100 according to the present embodiment will be described.

  In the gable roof building 1 according to this embodiment, the ridge beam 4 and the ridge pillar 6 of the ridge frame 2A are pin-joined, and the ridge frame 2A and the girder frame 2B are in-plane rigidity. 3 is joined. The roof part construction body 3 having in-plane rigidity can transmit an in-plane shear force and can suppress deformation. According to such a structure, the horizontal force which acts on the ridge part frame 2A can be transmitted to the girder frame 2B via the roof part structure 3. Therefore, the gradient surface brace, the gradient beam that forms the composition with the gradient surface brace, the horizontal beam in the girder direction of the ridge, the crossing of the cloud lines, and the like can be omitted. Thereby, the number of members can be reduced, and the material cost and the labor of construction can be reduced. Further, it is possible to form a gradient ceiling space with little protrusion (noise).

  In the gable roof building 1, the roof structure 3 is constituted by a roof panel 30 having a single face member 32. By adopting a single plate as the face material 32 of the roof panel 30, the in-plane rigidity of the roof structure 3 can be ensured.

  Further, in the gable roof building 1, the girder frame 2 </ b> B includes a girder 11, a girder 12, and a load bearing element 14, and the wife 1 </ b> C has a pair of girder horizontal beams 21 separated by the ridge pillar 6. Is provided. The end portion horizontal beam 21 has the same cross-sectional shape and the same installation height as the girder beam 11. According to this configuration, the members such as the load-bearing elements 14 used in the girder portion 1B and the accommodation can be applied to the wife portion 1C as they are, so that the types of members can be reduced and the cost can be reduced. .

  According to the gable roof building 1 according to the present embodiment, the roof panel 30 and the ridge frame 2A are set by setting the fixing degree of the roof panel 30 on the ridge frame 2A side smaller than the fixing degree on the girder frame 2B side. When the horizontal force in the girder direction acts on the gable roof building 1, the shearing force acting on the joint becomes smaller than that of the joint on the girder frame 2B side.

  When this configuration is considered as a model, for example, as shown in FIG. 11 (c), each cantilever model M is a cantilever model M in which a roof frame structure 3 is supported by a girder frame 2B. 3 can be thought of as a model that faces each other at the upper end of 3. If the fixing degree of the roof panel 30 is high on both the ridge frame 2A side and the spar frame 2B side (in the case of a model with both ends of the ridge frame 2A and the spar frame 2B), the ridge frame 2A and On both sides of the girder frame 2B, it becomes necessary to secure the strength of the joint and the strength of the members. In such a configuration, noise (protrusion of members constituting the frame) increases near the ridge, that is, near the top of the gradient ceiling. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the ridge frame 2A is supported by supporting the roof structure 3 and load transmission on the side of the girder frame 2B (fixed to the roof structure 3 with a high degree of fixation). On the side, the configuration can be simplified. Therefore, the configuration of the joint on the ridge frame 2A side can be simplified. Moreover, the cross section of the ridge beam 4 and the ridge pillar 6 which comprise the ridge part frame 2A can be made small, and the junction part can also be made simple (pin joining etc.). Accordingly, when the sloped ceiling is formed along the lower surface of the roof, it is possible to form a beautifully sloped ceiling with less noise near the top of the sloped ceiling (that is, the center of the building).

  When the main frame 2 is a steel frame and the roof panel 30 is made of a wood-based material, the strength of the roof panel 30 is much smaller than that of the main frame 2, and the size of the hardware that joins the two is increased to compensate for the lack of strength. However, since the degree of fixation is set to be small on the side of the ridge frame 2A, it is possible to reduce the size and the number of the joint hardware 40A and 41A.

  In the gable roof building 1, the wife part 1 </ b> C includes a wife part horizontal beam 21 having the same installation height as the girder beam 11 constituting the girder frame 2 </ b> B, and a wife part that connects the roof panel 30 and the wife horizontal beam 21. The connection hardware 50 is provided. According to this structure, the deformation | transformation of the roof panel 30 at the time of a horizontal force acting in a girder direction can be suppressed effectively. Further, it is possible to reduce the stress acting on the joint between the roof panel 30 and the ridge / girder frames 2A and 2B when a horizontal force acts in the direction of the wife. Therefore, the strength of the roof panel 30 can be reduced, and the roof can be constituted by the thinner roof panel 30, or the gradient beam generally used in a steel structure building can be eliminated.

  In the gable roof building 1, the gable connecting hardware 50 is attached to a position near the girder frame 2B, and the portion near the ridge frame 2A between the roof panel 30 and the gable horizontal beam 21 is opened, and a glass window 80 is formed. According to this structure, since the end part connection hardware 50 is attached to the position near the girder frame 2B, it does not become an obstacle when installing the opening in the vicinity of the ridge part 1A of the end part 1C. Further, by increasing the fixing degree of the roof panel 30 on the girder frame 2B side, it is possible to reduce the fixing degree on the ridge frame 2A side.

  In the gable roof building 1, the master beam 4 and the master column 6 are pin-joined. According to this structure, the fixing degree between the ridge beam 4 and the ridge pillar 6 is small, and thereby the fixing degree on the ridge frame 2A side of the roof panel 30 is also reduced.

  Here, when supporting a roof provided with a frame 31 such as a roof panel 30 with two beams made of H-shaped steel and laid to be parallel and having a height difference, a hardware was used for the joint. In this case, the shape of the hardware becomes complicated, and there arises a problem that the manufacturing cost of the hardware increases. Such a hardware has a complicated shape for the following reason. That is, the hardware needs to be provided with “two fixing pieces to go straight to join the diagonal and connecting members of the roof panel with nails or screws” and “the fixing piece to join the beam”. This is because the function of connecting the module and the beam module, the angle for defining the slope of the roof panel, and the height for defining the height of the roof panel are required. In addition, when shear force is applied to the roof surface due to seismic force, etc., the deformation of the hardware is suppressed and the shear rigidity of the entire roof surface is improved. There is a “structural design issue” that makes it difficult to obtain functions.

  On the other hand, in the roof structure 100 of the gable roof building 1 according to the present embodiment, the roof panel 30 includes the first joint hardware 40A and 40B attached to the beam and the second joint hardware 41A and 41B attached to the roof panel 30. And are joined to the beams 4 and 11. The first joint hardware 40A and 40B have plate-like joint pieces 46A and 46B corresponding to the roof gradient, and are attached to the upper end surfaces of the beams 4 and 11, respectively. The second joining hardware 41A, 41B has plate-like joining pieces 44A, 44B which are brought into contact with the joining pieces 46A, 46B of the first joining hardware 40A, 40B and are bolt-joined.

  Thus, the roof panel 30 made of a wood-based material is replaced with the beams 4 and 11 made of H-shaped steel by using the first joint hardware 40A and 40B and the second joint hardware 41A and 41B. It can be easily fixed and supported by bolt joining without processing according to the gradient. That is, the roof panel 30 made of a wood-based material can be handled in the same manner as other steel frame members, and construction by a frame work is possible. Moreover, since the shape of each of the first and second bonded hardware 40A, 40B, 41A, and 41B is simplified, the manufacturing cost of the hardware can be reduced. Furthermore, when the shearing force of the roof surface is applied to the joint hardware, as a reinforcement to prevent the hardware from overturning, if the rigidity of only the first joint hardware 40A, 40B is improved, the entire hardware can be overturned. Can be suppressed. Such efficient reinforcement can be easily performed in combination with the simplified shape of the hardware. As described above, when a roof panel made of a wood-based material is used, it is possible to improve the working efficiency, suppress the manufacturing cost, and simplify the shape of the hardware.

  Here, when manufacturing the roof panel 30, the second joint hardware 41A, 41B hardware protrudes from the thickness of the frame body 31 (the second joint hardware 41A, 41B protrudes below the lower surface 31b of the frame body 31). In the manufacturing factory, a process of turning the panel upside down is required in the process of attaching the face material 32 and the second metal fittings 41A and 41B to the frame 31, and “the manufacturing cost of the roof panel increases. Problem arises. Further, when the roof panel 30 is transported from the manufacturing factory to the construction site, if the second joint hardware 41A, 41B protrudes from the thickness of the frame 31, a sleeper or the like is required, and the packing form increases. The problem arises that the transportation cost of the roof panel is high.

  In the roof structure 100 of the gable roof building 1, the second metal fittings 41 </ b> A and 41 </ b> B are attached so that the joint pieces 44 </ b> A and 44 </ b> B are flush with the lower surface 31 b of the frame 31 of the roof panel 30. In this way, the second joint hardware 41A, 41B is configured not to protrude from the lower surface 31b of the frame 31 of the roof panel 30, so that stacking is possible even when transported in a state of being attached to the roof panel 30 in advance. Can be transported well. In addition, when the joining pieces 46A and 46B of the first joining hardware 40A and 40B can extend to the upper side from the lower surface 31b of the roof panel 30, the shape of the hardware may be complicated, but the joining of the second joining hardware 41A and 41B is possible. Since the pieces 44A and 44B are flush with the lower surface 31b, the shapes of the first joint hardware 40A and 40B can be simplified.

  In the roof structure 100 of the gable roof building 1, the joining pieces 46 </ b> A and 46 </ b> B of the first joining hardware 40 </ b> A and 40 </ b> B are configured to substantially contact the edge of the upper flange of the beams 4 and 11. Since the roof panel 30 and the beams 4 and 11 are not separated from each other, when the roof surface functions as a structural surface (ie, functions to transmit shearing force), the roof panel 30 and the beams 4 and 11 are twisted by the joint hardware 40A, 40B, 41A, and 41B. Can be prevented from being deformed by the application of various forces.

  In the roof structure 100 of the gable roof building 1, the second metal fittings 41 </ b> A and 41 </ b> B are attached in contact with each other so as to straddle the side surface 33 a of the diagonal member 33 and the side surfaces 34 a and 37 a of the connecting members 34 and 37. The fixing pieces 43A and 43B are provided, and the joining pieces 44A and 44B are configured to extend from the lower ends of the fixing pieces 43A and 43B. With such a configuration, the second bonding hardware 41A and 41B can also serve as a stiffening function for the roof panel 30, and the shear rigidity of the roof portion structure 3 can be increased.

  Further, as in the present embodiment, by using joint hardware such as the first joint hardware 40A and 40B and the second joint hardware 41A and 41B, the ridge beam 4 and the roof structure 3 and the girder 11 and the roof section are used. It becomes possible to unify the relative positional relationship (separation dimension) with the structure 3. Thereby, as a construction system, there is a high possibility that parts and accommodation can be shared. For example, in the gable roof building 1 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 (on the right side), a sub frame (sub frame) is added to the girder 1B and a roof panel 30 is installed. It is possible to pass and drop the roof. In this case, by unifying the relative positional relationship between each beam in the girder direction (building beam 4, girder beam 11 and beam 90 on the underside of the sub-frame) and the roof structure 3, common members and fittings are shared. Can be achieved. For example, the girder first joint hardware 40B and 140B can be used as they are for the beam 90 on the underwater side of the sub frame. Further, the wall panel constituting the wall portion of the wife 1C will be described. For example, as shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 3, the top wall panel (wall panel near the column 12) P1 in the main frame and the sub frame Although the length of the top wall panel (wall panel for the sub-frame) P2 is different, when comparing the part enclosed by EA and the part enclosed by EB in the figure, the position of the upper part of the wall panel and the roof panel, etc. The relationship is the same (can be the same). Therefore, when fixing an upper end part of a wall panel with respect to a roof panel, a fixed part can be made into the same accommodation.

  When a horizontal force is applied to the roof part structure 3 constituted by the roof panel 30 from the girder direction or the wife direction, the roof part structure 3 has the in-plane rigidity for each inclined roof and is integrated in a state of being integrated. 4 are connected to each other, a moment from the ridge beam 4 toward the beam 11 acts on the roof structure 3. For example, in the model as shown in FIG. 11A, the horizontal force F acts to open the downstream side of the horizontal force F of the roof structure 3 to the outside (the virtual structure of the roof structure 3). Moments are acting (the behavior is indicated by dotted lines). In response to such a moment, a shearing force acts in the direction of the wife horizontal beam on the wife connection metal fitting 50 that connects the roof panel 30 to the wife horizontal beam 21 at the wife surface T. However, according to the present embodiment, since the end connecting hardware 50 is formed such that the length in the extending direction of the end horizontal beam 21 is longer than the length in the height direction, such shearing is performed. It has sufficient resistance to force. In this way, by using the wife connecting hardware 50 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to resist the shearing force acting on the wife connecting hardware 50, and the load applied to the roof panel 30 is transmitted via the wife connecting hardware 50. Thus, the roof structure can be transmitted to the horizontal beam 21, and the roof structure 30 can be prevented from being broken by the moment acting on the roof panel 30.

  Further, when viewed in a plan view, a shearing force acts in the horizontal direction on the wife connecting hardware 50 as described above. However, since the roof panel 30 is provided in an inclined state, the wife surface T The end of the roof panel 30 on the beam beam connection side receives a moment in a direction away from the end horizontal beam 21. For example, in the model as shown in FIG. 11A, a moment as indicated by the arrow in FIG. That is, an upward load is applied to the ridge side of the wife connection hardware 50, and a downward load is applied to the eaves side of the wife connection hardware 50. This moment is resisted by the leg 52 and the stiffener 53.

  As described above, the moment acts on the wife connection hardware 50 also in the vertical direction. Therefore, the end portion connection hardware 50 is formed by the roof contact portion 51, the beam contact portion 54, and the leg portion 52 that connects them, and further, the roof contact portion 51 and the beam contact portion 54 are formed. By installing the stiffener 53, it is possible to withstand the moment in the vertical direction applied to the end joint metal fitting 50, and it is possible to more reliably suppress problems such as damage to the roof.

  The stiffener 53 is further connected to the leg portion 52. According to this, the stiffener 53 further increases the rigidity of the roof contact portion 51, the beam contact portion 54, and the leg portion 52, and the resistance force against the moment applied to the wife connecting hardware 50 can be further increased. .

  Further, the beam contact portion 54 of the wife connection hardware 50 is brought into contact with and tightened to the upper surface of the wife horizontal beam 21, and the roof contact portion 51 of the wife connection hardware 50 is a frame 31 of the roof panel 30. A receiving portion 51 a that receives the lower surface of the frame body 31, and a rising wall 51 b that rises from the receiving portion 51 a and contacts the side portion of the frame 31. Further, the rising wall 51b is fastened to the frame body 31 by fastening, screwing or bolting. According to this, the rising wall 51b provided in the wife connection hardware 50 is fastened to the side part of the frame 31 of the roof panel 30 by fastening or the like, that is, the wife connection hardware 50 and the roof panel 30 The connecting direction is the horizontal direction. Therefore, for example, even when a blowing force is applied to the roof during a storm, the fastening member used for fastening the wife connecting hardware 50 and the roof panel 30, particularly the pulling out of a nail in the case of a stagnation is suppressed. The trouble which arises in a roof can be controlled more certainly.

  In addition, the strength element 14 is connected to the end horizontal beam 21 from below. According to this, the load acting on the wife connecting hardware 50 can be immediately transmitted to the load bearing element 14, and the portion supporting the roof structure 3 is excessive in the parts other than the wife connecting hardware 50. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of a heavy load, and to more reliably suppress problems that occur in the roof structure 3.

  Further, the wife connecting hardware 50 is installed at a position closer to the beam beam 11 side than an intermediate position between the ridge beam 4 and the beam beam 11. According to this, since the lower part around the ridge beam 4 is opened between the wife horizontal beam 21 and the roof panel 30, it becomes possible to install a glass window 80 or the like in the opened part, The design property can be improved.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the wife provided on the girder frame 2B side as a structure for setting the fixing degree of the roof panel 30 on the ridge frame 2A side smaller than the fixing degree on the girder frame 2B side. Although the pin connection of the part connection hardware 50 and the ridge beam 4 and the ridge pillar 6 of the ridge part frame 2A is illustrated, other structures may be employed in addition to (or instead of) these. For example, the degree of fixation may be reduced by making the number of metal fittings 40A and 41A on the ridge 1A side smaller than the metal fittings 40B and 41B on the girder 1B side.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, as an example of the roof portion construction body having in-plane rigidity, a plurality of roof panels having a single face member are connected. However, the surface can be satisfactorily transmitted with a shearing force. If it is the structure which can ensure internal rigidity, it will not specifically limit. For example, although one sheet material that can cover the entire upper surface of the frame body is used for one roof panel, a plurality of sheet materials may be arranged and covered on the upper surface of the frame body. In this case, it is preferable to provide a base (intermediate connecting material, intermediate diagonal material, etc.) at the abutting portion of the face material and fix the edge of each face material to the base with a nail to ensure rigidity. . Moreover, although the several roof panel was connected, you may comprise a roof part construction body with one roof panel by assembling a big frame.

  Moreover, as a modification, the protrusion (noise) of the ridge beam 4 to the indoor side can be eliminated by setting the ridge beam 4 at a high position and setting the roof portion structure 3 at a low position. In this case, the roof structure 3 is fixed to the web of the master beam 4 and the lower flange.

  Moreover, as another modification, the height of the connecting beam 4 and the height of the roof panel 30 (roof structure 3) is not changed, and the height of the ridge beam 4 is within a range in which there is no problem in the fit of the roof. It may be moved upward. When this configuration is adopted, the cross-sectional shape of the first ridge part joint is made into a hat shape, attached to the lower flange of the ridge beam 4, or attached to the web of the ridge beam 4 (in this case, the first ridge part joint metal is 2 This is realized by dividing. By comprising in this way, the protrusion (noise) by the ridge beam 4 at the time of forming a gradient ceiling along a roof surface (a roof part construction body lower surface, a roof panel lower surface) can be suppressed.

  Moreover, although H-shaped steel was illustrated as a beam (for example, the ridge beam 4 or the girder beam 11), what kind of shape steel should be used should just be a shape steel which has an upper flange. For example, in addition to the H-shaped steel, a grooved steel (shaped steel having a U-shaped cross section, a channel), a lip grooved steel (C-shaped steel, C channel), a T-shaped steel (cut T), or the like may be used.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Gable roof building, 2 ... Main frame, 2A ... Building part frame, 2B ... Girder frame, 3 ... Roof part structural body, 4 ... Building beam, 6 ... Building column, 11 ... Girder beam, 12 ... Girder column, 14 ... load bearing element, 21 ... horizontal beam, 30 ... roof panel, 31 ... frame, 32 ... face material, 33 ... diagonal material, 34, 36, 37 ... connecting material, 40A, 140A ... ridge part first joint hardware , 40B, 140B ... Girder part first joining hardware, 41A ... Wing part second joining hardware, 41B ... Girder part second joining hardware, 43A, 43B, 46A, 46B, 143A, 143B, 146A, 146B ... Fixed piece, 44A , 44B, 47A, 47B, 144A, 144B, 147A, 147B ... joint piece, 50 ... tied joint hardware, 51 ... roof contact part, 51a ... receiving part, 51b ... rise wall, 52 ... leg part, 53 ... stiffener 54 ... Beam contact portion, 100 ... Roof structure.

Claims (3)

A pair of beams made of a section steel having an upper flange and spanned in parallel and having a height difference;
A roof structure comprising a roof panel supported by the pair of beams made of a wood-based material,
The roof panel is joined to the beam via a first joint hardware attached to the beam and a second joint hardware attached to the roof panel,
The first joining hardware has a plate-like joining piece corresponding to the roof slope, and is attached to the upper end surface of the beam,
The second bonding hardware has a plate-shaped bonding piece that is abutted with the bonding piece of the first bonding hardware and is bolt-bonded,
The roof panel is
A frame comprising a plurality of diagonal members arranged in parallel to the roof gradient direction, and a pair of connecting members that connect the upper ends and the lower ends of the diagonal members,
And a face material that covers the upper surface of the frame,
The second joint hardware includes a fixed piece attached so as to contact the side surface of the diagonal member and the side surface of the connecting material, and the joint piece of the second joint hardware is the roof of the fixed piece. A roof structure characterized by being configured to extend in parallel with the lower surface of the roof panel from the lower end of the lower surface side of the panel .   The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the second joining hardware is attached so that the joining piece is flush with a lower surface of the roof panel. The roof structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the joining piece of the first joining hardware is configured to substantially contact an end edge of an upper flange of the beam.

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