JP5936441B2 - Deodorization method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a deodorizing method.

  In many cases, exhaust containing a large amount of odorous substances is subjected to deodorizing treatment to remove malodorous components before being released into the atmosphere. As an apparatus for performing such a deodorizing treatment, an apparatus equipped with an adsorbent that adsorbs odorous substances, an apparatus equipped with a catalyst that decomposes odorous substances, or a combination of both of them is known (for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-90177

  By the way, in recent years, with increasing needs for a comfortable living environment, the number of malodorous complaints regarding exhaust from restaurants and food processing factories close to residential areas has increased. Odor generated from large-scale establishments is legally regulated, and it is expected that regulations will be strengthened for small and medium-sized facilities in the future. However, since the cost and installation space are limited in small and medium-sized facilities, there is a need to develop a technology that can efficiently perform deodorization treatment at low cost.

  The present invention has been completed based on the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a technique capable of efficient deodorizing treatment at low cost.

The deodorizing method of the present invention is connected to a flow path of exhaust gas containing odorous substances, and includes a blower for sucking the exhaust gas from the flow paths and an adsorbing member capable of adsorbing and desorbing the odorous substances. A deodorizing method for performing a deodorizing process of the exhaust gas using a deodorizing device including an adsorbing unit and a decomposing unit disposed downstream of the adsorbing unit and capable of decomposing the odorous substance, and an adsorption operation step. A desorption operation step, wherein the adsorption operation step introduces exhaust gas containing the odorous substance into the adsorption part, and adsorbs a part of the odorous substance to the adsorption member; A first decomposition step of introducing and decomposing exhaust gas having a reduced concentration of odorous substance into the decomposition unit, wherein the desorption operation step adsorbs the odorous substance adsorbed in the adsorption step. Desorption from the member A step, viewed contains a second decomposition step of decomposing by introducing the odorant desorbed by the desorption step to the decomposition unit, by performing a pre-test run is defined by the following formula (2) The ratio of the odor generation amount defined in the following (1) to the desorbed air amount and the value obtained by subtracting the odor concentration of the exhaust after the adsorption operation step by the deodorizer from the odor concentration of the exhaust before the adsorption operation step Is obtained by dividing by the odor concentration of the exhaust before the adsorption operation step and obtained as a percentage, and based on the correlation equation, the adsorption operation time and the blower air volume in the adsorption operation step, or The desorption operation time and the blower air volume in the desorption operation step are determined .
Odor generation amount = exhaust odor concentration x blower air volume during the adsorption operation process x adsorption operation time (1)
Desorption air amount = blower air volume during desorption operation process × desorption operation time (2)

The deodorizing method of the present invention may use a material containing zeolite as the adsorbing member.
Moreover, in the deodorizing method of the present invention, the decomposition part may be provided with a photocatalyst. As the photocatalyst, for example, titanium oxide can be used.

Further, the deodorization method of the present invention is based on the relationship between the ratio of the odor generation amount defined by the following (1) to the desorption air amount defined by the following formula (2) and the deodorization efficiency. The adsorption operation time and blower air volume in the process, or the desorption operation time and blower air volume in the desorption operation process may be determined.
Odor generation amount = exhaust odor concentration x blower air volume during the adsorption operation process x adsorption operation time (1)
Desorption air amount = blower air volume during desorption operation process × desorption operation time (2)

  According to the present invention, efficient deodorizing treatment can be performed at low cost.

Schematic configuration diagram of a deodorizing apparatus in an embodiment A graph showing the relationship between the odor generation amount divided by the amount of desorption air and the deodorization efficiency

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In the present embodiment, a method for deodorizing odor generated from a kitchen of a restaurant or a restaurant in a facility will be described as an example.

  The outline of the structure of the deodorizing apparatus 1 used for the deodorizing process of this embodiment was shown in FIG. This deodorizing apparatus 1 is connected to a blower 2 connected to an exhaust duct D that guides the exhaust from the kitchen K to the outside, an adsorption part 3 connected to the downstream side of the blower 2, and a downstream side of the adsorption part 3 The disassembling part 6 is provided. Pipes 10 are connected between the exhaust duct D and the blower 2, between the blower 2 and the suction part 3, and between the suction part 3 and the decomposition part 6.

  The blower 2 sucks exhaust gas discharged from the kitchen K through the exhaust duct D and guides it to the deodorizing apparatus 1 and can use a general configuration.

  The suction portion 3 disposed on the downstream side of the blower 2 is configured such that the suction member 5 is installed inside the first casing 4. The adsorbing member 5 is formed of an adsorbent having an ability to adsorb and desorb the odorous substance B. For example, an adsorbent formed into a honeycomb shape can be used. As the adsorbent, it is preferable to use an adsorbent having excellent adsorption / desorption capability, and zeolite can be suitably used. The adsorbent may carry a catalyst for reducing the molecular weight of the odorous substance B.

  The decomposition unit 6 disposed on the downstream side of the adsorption unit 3 is configured such that a photocatalytic filter 8 and a light source 9 are installed inside a second casing 7. As the photocatalyst filter 8, a publicly known one can be used, for example, a ceramic porous substrate carrying a photocatalyst such as titanium oxide can be used. The light source 9 irradiates the photocatalyst with light, and a known ultraviolet lamp or the like can be used.

  Next, the process of performing the deodorizing process of the odor generated from the kitchen K using the deodorizing apparatus 1 configured as described above will be described.

  When performing the deodorizing process, the blower 2 is operated to guide the exhaust discharged from the kitchen K through the exhaust duct D into the deodorizing apparatus 1.

  Here, in a time zone where cooking is performed in a kitchen such as a time zone for preparing lunch or dinner, a large amount of odorous substance B is generated, and the odor concentration in the exhaust becomes relatively high. In such a time zone, the deodorizing apparatus 1 performs the adsorption operation process.

  In the adsorption operation process, the air volume of the blower 2 is increased to increase the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing through the deodorizing apparatus 1. The exhaust gas introduced into the deodorizing device 1 by the blower 2 first flows into the adsorption unit 3. At this time, since the concentration of the odorous substance B contained in the exhaust gas is high, the adsorption of the odorous substance B to the adsorbent is dominant, and a part of the odorous substance B is adsorbed to the adsorbing member 5 (adsorption process). Thereby, the odor density | concentration of exhaust_gas | exhaustion falls.

  The exhaust gas having a reduced odor concentration flows out of the adsorption unit 3 and is guided to the decomposition unit 6. And the odorous substance B contained in exhaust_gas | exhaustion is decomposed | disassembled by the effect | action of the photocatalyst carry | supported by the photocatalyst filter 8 (1st decomposition process). The exhaust gas thus cleaned is discharged to the outside from the outlet of the decomposition unit 6.

  On the other hand, in the time zone when cooking is not performed in the kitchen K, the odorous substance B is hardly generated, and the odor concentration in the exhaust becomes low. In such a time zone, the deodorizing apparatus 1 performs the desorption operation process.

  In the desorption operation process, the air volume of the blower 2 is reduced, and the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing through the deodorizing apparatus 1 is reduced. The exhaust gas introduced into the deodorizing device 1 by the blower 2 first flows into the adsorption unit 3. At this time, since the concentration of the odorous substance B contained in the exhaust gas is low, the desorption of the odorous substance B from the adsorbent becomes dominant, and the odorous substance B adsorbed on the adsorbing member 5 is desorbed (desorption process). . The desorbed odorous substance B rides on the exhaust flow, flows out from the adsorption unit 3 and is guided to the decomposition unit 6, and is decomposed by the action of the photocatalyst carried on the photocatalytic filter 8 (second decomposition step). The exhaust gas thus cleaned is discharged to the outside from the outlet of the decomposition unit 6.

  As described above, in the time zone in which the odor concentration in the exhaust gas is relatively high, by performing the adsorption operation step, a part of the odorous substance B is adsorbed on the adsorption member 5, and the odor concentration in the exhaust gas is lowered to decompose. Send to part 6. On the other hand, in a time zone in which the odor concentration in the exhaust gas is relatively low, the odor substance B adsorbed on the adsorbing member 5 is desorbed and sent to the decomposition unit 6 by performing the desorption operation step.

  Since the concentration of the odorous substance B is leveled in this way, the decomposition unit 6 can be miniaturized, and even when the cost for deodorizing treatment and the space for the deodorizing device are limited, it is efficient. Deodorizing treatment can be performed.

  Here, the inventors of the present application installed a deodorizing device having the above-described configuration in a kitchen of a cafeteria installed in a facility in Aichi Prefecture, and investigated the relationship between the amount of odor generation / desorption air and the deodorization efficiency. . A zeolite honeycomb was used as the adsorbing member, and a catalyst filter carrying titanium oxide as a photocatalyst was used. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the value obtained by dividing the odor generation amount by the amount of desorption air and the deodorization efficiency.

Here, the amount of desorbed air and the amount of odor generation are values defined by the following formulas (1) and (2).
Odor generation amount = exhaust odor concentration x blower air volume during the adsorption operation process x adsorption operation time (1)
Desorption air amount = blower air volume during desorption operation process × desorption operation time (2)
The “odor concentration” is a multiple of the dilution when the sample gas is diluted with odorless air until it cannot be sensed by human olfaction.
“Deodorization efficiency” is the percentage obtained by dividing the value obtained by subtracting the odor concentration of the exhaust gas after the adsorption operation step by the deodorizer from the odor concentration of the exhaust gas before the adsorption operation step by the odor concentration of the exhaust gas before the adsorption operation step. It is displayed.

  As is apparent from FIG. 2, there is a generally negative correlation between the amount of odor generation / desorption air and the deodorization efficiency. Therefore, the operation conditions (adsorption / desorption blower air volume and adsorption / desorption operation time) in the adsorption operation process and the desorption operation process can be determined from the target value of the deodorization efficiency.

  In particular, in kitchens of restaurants and facilities, the number of meals per day can be predicted to some extent, although there are seasonal fluctuations, etc., so the amount of odorous substance B generated (odor concentration) is also somewhat Prediction is possible. Further, since it is preferable to increase the blower air volume during the adsorption operation process to such an extent that the odor does not stay in the kitchen K, the necessary blower air volume can be predicted to some extent from the odor concentration. Furthermore, the time zone during which cooking is performed, that is, the concentration of odor generation is high, and the time zone during which the adsorption operation process should be performed is generally constant. For this reason, it is possible to predict the odor generation amount to some extent.

  Therefore, in the kitchen of the facility where the deodorization treatment is to be performed, a test operation is performed in advance to obtain a correlation formula between the odor generation amount / desorption air amount and the deodorization efficiency, and the predicted odor generation amount on the day when the deodorization treatment is performed By substituting the target value of the deodorization efficiency into the correlation equation, an appropriate value of the desorption air amount can be calculated, and the necessary desorption operation time and the blower air volume during the desorption operation can be obtained.

  The operating conditions (adsorption / desorption blower air volume and adsorption / desorption operation time) in the adsorption operation process and desorption operation process may be controlled manually or by a computer storing a control program. May be.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the concentration of the odorous substance B is leveled, the decomposition unit 6 can be downsized, and the cost for the deodorizing process and the space for the deodorizing device are limited. Even if it exists, a deodorizing process can be performed efficiently.

  In addition, the operating conditions (adsorption / desorption blower air flow and adsorption / desorption operation time) in the adsorption operation process and desorption operation process are optimized based on the relationship between the amount of odor generation / desorption air and the deodorization efficiency. By doing so, deodorizing treatment can be performed more efficiently by the deodorizing apparatus having the minimum necessary size.

  The deodorization method of this embodiment is particularly preferable for facilities (such as restaurants and kitchens in restaurants) where the amount of odorous substance B varies with time, or where there is a time zone where odorous substance B occurs and when it does not occur. Applicable.

<Other embodiments>
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described with reference to the above description and drawings. For example, the following embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
(1) In the above embodiment, the blower 2 is arranged on the upstream side of the adsorption unit 3 and the decomposition unit 6, but the arrangement of the blower 2 is not particularly limited, for example, between the adsorption unit 3 and the decomposition unit 6. Alternatively, it may be downstream of the decomposition unit 6.

(2) In the above embodiment, in the adsorption operation step, the flow rate of the blower 2 is increased to increase the flow rate of the exhaust gas in the deodorizing apparatus 1, and in the desorption operation step, the flow rate of the blower 2 is decreased. Although the flow rate of the exhaust gas passing through the inside of the deodorizing apparatus 1 is reduced, the blower air volume may be constant throughout the adsorption operation process and the desorption operation process.

(3) In the above embodiment, an example in which the deodorizing method of the present invention is applied to the treatment of odor generated from the kitchen has been shown. However, the present invention is not limited to the kitchen and is applied to the treatment of odor generated from, for example, a food processing factory. Is also possible.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Deodorizing device 2 ... Blower 3 ... Adsorption part 5 ... Adsorption member 6 ... Decomposition part D ... Exhaust duct (flow path)

Claims (4)

It is connected to the exhaust flow path containing odorous substances,
A blower for sucking the exhaust from the flow path;
An adsorbing part comprising an adsorbing member capable of adsorbing and desorbing the odorous substance;
A deodorizing method for performing a deodorizing process of the exhaust gas using a deodorizing device that is disposed downstream of the adsorbing unit and capable of decomposing the odorous substance,
Including an adsorption operation process and a desorption operation process,
The adsorption operation step includes
An adsorption step of introducing exhaust gas containing the odorous substance into the adsorption unit, and adsorbing a part of the odorous substance to the adsorption member;
A first decomposition step of introducing exhaust gas having a reduced concentration of the odorous substance by the adsorption step into the decomposition portion and decomposing the exhaust gas,
The desorption operation step comprises
A desorption step of desorbing the odorous substance adsorbed in the adsorption step from the adsorption member;
Look including a second decomposition step of decomposing by introducing the odorant desorbed by the desorption step to the decomposition unit,
The ratio of the odor generation amount defined by the following (1) to the desorption air amount defined by the following formula (2) after performing the test operation in advance, and the odor concentration of the exhaust gas after the adsorption operation step by the deodorizing device Is obtained by dividing the value obtained by subtracting the odor concentration of the exhaust gas before the adsorption operation step by the odor concentration of the exhaust gas before the adsorption operation step to obtain a correlation equation with the deodorization efficiency expressed as a percentage, and based on the correlation equation A deodorizing method for determining an adsorption operation time and a blower air volume in the adsorption operation process, or a desorption operation time and a blower air volume in the desorption operation process .
Odor generation amount = exhaust odor concentration x blower air volume during the adsorption operation process x adsorption operation time (1)
Desorption air amount = blower air volume during desorption operation process × desorption operation time (2)   The deodorizing method according to claim 1, wherein a material containing zeolite is used as the adsorbing member.   The deodorizing method according to claim 1, wherein the decomposition unit includes a photocatalyst.   The deodorizing method according to claim 3, wherein a photocatalyst containing titanium oxide is used.

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