JP5923734B2 - Lighting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting device.

  Various illumination devices such as fluorescent lamps and light emitting diodes (LED elements) are generally designed to increase photopic brightness in a bright environment (photopic vision). This is to make the cone for perceiving brightness work in photopic vision, and by increasing the photopic brightness, a person can perceive brighter.

  However, in so-called mesopic vision such as nighttime street space and road space, in addition to the cone having a peak value of spectral luminous efficiency of 555 nm, a frame having a peak value of spectral luminous efficiency of 507 nm works. Even if only the photopic brightness is increased, the effect is low.

  Therefore, for example, in the illumination device of Patent Document 1, in consideration of the fact that both the cones and the rods existing in the retina of a person work in the dim vision, a plurality of the cones and the rods have an effect so as to appear. It has a light source. And it is set as the structure which becomes a peak value between 450-550 nm so that at least 1 of the light sources may become a wavelength range containing 507 nm which is the peak wavelength of the spectral luminous efficiency of the said housing.

  On the other hand, the knowledge regarding the relationship between the wavelength of light, a biological rhythm, and sleep is reported as a non-visual effect of light on a person (for example, refer nonpatent literature 1). The wavelength characteristic of melatonin secretion suppression by nighttime light reception has been clarified. Melatonin is a hormone secreted from the pineal gland in the brain and is often used from before sleep at night to during the first half of the sleep period (depending on individual differences and lifestyle rhythms, but from 10 pm to midnight) It is secreted and is thought to promote a decrease in body temperature and promotion of falling asleep.

JP 2008-91232 A

Naohiro Toda et al. (2011): Nighttime melatonin secretion suppression effect under light exposure conditions assuming real life, Journal of the Japanese Society of Physiological and Anthropology, Vol. 16, no. 1 2011, 39-42

  By the way, in the illuminating device of patent document 1, in consideration of Purkinje phenomenon, it tries to improve the feeling of brightness in a dimming environment by increasing the short wavelength component of the spectral distribution of the light source in the visible light. Is. However, since short-wavelength light also increases the degree of biological action, which is a melatonin secretion inhibitory action, it is desired to develop a lighting device that can suppress the action on the living body while improving the visibility in the low vision environment. ing.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an illuminating device capable of suppressing the action on a living body while improving the visibility in a low vision environment. It is in.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the lighting device of the present invention has a S / P ratio of 2.1 or more, which is a ratio of dark place luminance and photo place luminance, and exhibits a melatonin secretion inhibiting action per unit brightness. An illuminating unit that emits white light with a working degree of 0.7 or less and a color deviation Duv within ± 20 is provided, and the illuminating unit is 420 to 460 nm in a blue-violet to blue wavelength region, and has a green wavelength region. 510~530nm at the inner, have a peak wavelength in each of 625~750nm within the red wavelength range, in the range of 460Nm～510nm, of 420~460nm of the at least the blue wavelength range range and the green It is characterized by being configured to be lower than the emission intensity in the range of 510 to 530 nm in the wavelength region .

  Moreover, in the said structure, it is preferable that an illumination part is comprised so that the full width at half maximum of the light which has a peak wavelength in the range of 510-530 nm may be 40 nm or more.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the illuminating device which can suppress the effect | action to a biological body can be provided, improving the visibility in a low vision environment.

The schematic block diagram of the illuminating device in embodiment. Explanatory drawing showing the comparison with the spectral luminous efficiency in photopic visual acuity, the spectral luminous efficiency in dark sight visual acuity, and the melatonin suppression action spectrum. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the difference in the effect (characteristic) by each conditions AE and Comparative Examples 1-3. FIG. 11 is a spectrum characteristic diagram of the lighting apparatus under condition A. FIG. 11 is a spectrum characteristic diagram of the lighting apparatus under condition B. FIG. 11 is a spectrum characteristic diagram of the lighting apparatus under condition C. FIG. 11 is a spectrum characteristic diagram of the illumination device under condition D. FIG. 14 is a spectrum characteristic diagram of the lighting apparatus under condition E. The spectrum characteristic view in the illuminating device of the comparative example 1. FIG. The spectrum characteristic view in the illuminating device of the comparative example 2. FIG. The spectrum characteristic figure in the illuminating device of the comparative example 3. FIG. The schematic block diagram of the illuminating device in another example. The schematic block diagram of the illuminating device in another example.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the illuminating device 10 of this embodiment is provided with the illumination part 11 and the lighting circuit 12 for making this illumination part 11 light.

  The illumination unit 11 is electrically connected to the lighting circuit 12 and emits blue light. The LED unit 11a covers the LED element 11a with a predetermined gap from the LED element 11a and emits substantially green and red light. It is comprised with the body 11b.

And based on the electric power supply from the lighting circuit 12, the illumination part 11 lights up substantially white.
Next, differences in effects due to differences in conditions of the illumination device 10 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In the present embodiment, the following conditions (A) to (E) and (Comparative Example 1) to (Comparative Example 3) are used as conditions.

  Incidentally, the S / P ratio shown under the following conditions is a performance evaluation index for visibility under twilight vision. For example, when the scotopic luminance is Ls and the photopic luminance is Lp, Can be calculated.

In addition, the _bioactivity a _msV representing the melatonin secretion suppression effect per unit brightness by the illumination unit 11 can be calculated by the following equation. Here, in a three-wavelength fluorescent lamp with a correlated color temperature of 5000 K generally used as a street lamp, a _msV = 0.7. And in the nonpatent literature 1, when the light of the three wavelength type fluorescent lamp of correlation color temperature 5000K is exposed to a person at night, the present inventors significantly melatonin compared with the case where a lighting apparatus is turned off. Has been reported to be suppressed. Therefore, it can be said that it is desirable for the lighting device 10 used at night to have at least a _bioactivity a _msV of 0.7 or less.

Here, FIG. 2 shows spectral luminous efficiency V ′ (λ), V (λ) and melatonin suppression action spectrum S _ms (λ) for dark vision and photopic vision. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the spectral luminous efficiency V ′ (λ) and V (λ) for scotopic vision and photopic vision are reversed at about 530 nm, so that the S / P ratio is high for light having a wavelength shorter than 530 nm. Become. On the other hand, since the values of photopic spectral luminous efficiency V (λ) and melatonin action spectrum S _ms (λ) are reversed at about 510 nm, the value of _bioactivity a _msV is less than 510 nm. Get higher. Therefore, by _setting a wavelength configuration that avoids a range where the value of the _bioactivity a _msV is high in a range shorter than 530 nm, light having a high S / P ratio and a low _bioactivity a _msV is obtained. It becomes possible.

In the following conditions (A) to (E), conditions are set based on the above.
・ Condition (A)
When the spectral intensity of the peak wavelength (510 nm) in the green wavelength region (500 to 560 nm) is 1, the spectral intensity of the peak wavelength (440 nm) in the blue-violet to blue wavelength region (400 to 480 nm) is approximately 0.55. And The full width at half maximum of light having a peak wavelength (510 nm) in the range of 510 to 530 nm is 30 nm, that is, the wavelength range of light at a spectral intensity that is half the peak wavelength is 30 nm. Furthermore, the spectral intensity of the peak wavelength (630 nm) in the red wavelength region (610 to 750 nm) is set to about 0.8. Further, the light is adjusted so that the color temperature is about 3409K. The color deviation Duv is set to −11.1. In addition, the spectral characteristic of the illuminating device 10 comprised in this way is shown in FIG.

・ Condition (B)
When the spectral intensity at the peak wavelength (525 nm) in the green wavelength region is 1, the spectral intensity at the peak wavelength (450 nm) in the blue-violet to blue wavelength region is approximately 0.62. Further, the spectral intensity at the peak wavelength (630 nm) in the red wavelength region is set to approximately 0.54. The full width at half maximum of light having a peak wavelength (525 nm) in the range of 510 to 530 nm is 25 nm. Further, the light is adjusted so that the color temperature is about 4745K. The color deviation Duv is 1.4. In addition, the spectral characteristic of the illuminating device 10 comprised in this way is shown in FIG.

・ Condition (C)
The full width at half maximum of light having a peak wavelength (525 nm) in the range of 510 to 530 nm in the above condition (B) is changed by 40 nm, and the light is adjusted so that its color temperature is about 5453K. The color deviation Duv is 19.8. In addition, the spectral characteristic of the illuminating device 10 comprised in this way is shown in FIG.

・ Condition (D)
When the spectral intensity of the peak wavelength (455 nm) in the blue-violet to blue wavelength region is 1, the spectral intensity of the peak wavelength (520 nm) in the green wavelength region is approximately 0.9. Further, the spectral intensity at the peak wavelength (630 nm) in the red wavelength region is set to approximately 0.92. The full width at half maximum of light having a peak wavelength (520 nm) in the range of 510 to 530 nm is 50 nm. Further, the light is adjusted so that the color temperature is about 4534K. The color deviation Duv is set to −12.4. In addition, the spectral characteristic of the illuminating device 10 comprised in this way is shown in FIG.

・ Condition (E)
When the spectral intensity at the peak wavelength (440 nm) in the blue-violet to blue wavelength region is 1, the spectral intensity at the peak wavelength (530 nm) in the green wavelength region is approximately 0.83. Further, the spectral intensity at the peak wavelength (630 nm) in the red wavelength region is set to approximately 0.53. The full width at half maximum of light having a peak wavelength (530 nm) in the range of 510 to 530 nm is 180 nm. Further, the light is adjusted so that the color temperature is about 5595K. The color deviation Duv is 19.7. In addition, the spectral characteristic of the illuminating device 10 comprised in this way is shown in FIG.

(Comparative Example 1)
The color temperature is adjusted to 3309K by shifting the peak wavelength in the green wavelength region of the condition (A) to 505 nm. The color deviation Duv is set to -19.0. In addition, the characteristic of the spectrum of the illuminating device comprised in this way is shown in FIG.

(Comparative Example 2)
When the spectral intensity at the peak wavelength (455 nm) in the blue-violet to blue wavelength region is 1, the spectral intensity at the peak wavelength (570 nm) in the green wavelength region is approximately 0.8. Further, the light is adjusted so that the color temperature is about 4994K. The color deviation Duv is 6.0. In addition, the spectral characteristic of the illuminating device 10 comprised in this way is shown in FIG.

(Comparative Example 3)
When the spectral intensity of the peak wavelength (450 nm) in the blue-violet to blue wavelength region is 1, the spectral intensity of the peak wavelength (560 nm) in the green wavelength region is approximately 0.48. Further, the light is adjusted so that the color temperature is about 7102K. Further, the color deviation Duv is set to −1.5. In addition, the spectral characteristic of the illuminating device 10 comprised in this way is shown in FIG.

[Comparison between Conditions A to E and Comparative Examples 1 to 3]
Here, for example, each illumination unit 11 of the present embodiment is configured according to any one of the conditions (A) to (E). Then, the biological effects of _{a MSV} can be 0.7 or less, the biological effects of _a MSV = 0.867 biological effects of (Comparative Example 1) of _a MSV = 0.799 and (Comparative Example 3) A low value can be obtained in comparison. Moreover, in the illumination part 11 of the structure according to conditions (A)-(E), S / P ratio which is very effective in a dimming vision environment can be 2.1 or more, (Comparative Example 2) A high value can be obtained as compared with the S / P ratio = 1.75, and the visibility in the low vision environment can be improved.

[Comparison between Condition B and Condition C]
Further, when the illumination unit 11 is configured according to the condition (C), the average color rendering index Ra is 72.0, and only the full width at half maximum of light having a peak wavelength in the range of 510 to 530 nm in the spectral distribution is different ( The average color rendering index Ra of B) can be increased as compared with 58.7.

Based on the above conditions, the illumination unit 11 has a peak wavelength at 420 to 460 nm in the blue-violet to blue wavelength region and 510 to 530 nm in the green wavelength region, and in the range of 460 to 510 nm, at least in the two wavelength ranges. It is configured to be lower than the emission intensity. Then, it can be set as the illumination part 11 which irradiates white light whose S / P ratio is 2.1 or more, biological activity am _msV is 0.7 or less, and color deviation Duv is within ± 20. Further, by setting the peak wavelength in the range of the illumination portion 510 to 530 nm to 40 nm or more, the average color rendering index Ra can be increased and the color rendering can be enhanced.

Next, characteristic effects of the present embodiment will be described.
(1) The illumination unit 11 has a peak wavelength at 420 to 460 nm in the blue to blue wavelength region and 510 to 530 nm in the green wavelength region, and at least the two in the range of 460 to 510 nm. It is configured to be lower than the emission intensity in the wavelength range. As a result, the illumination unit 11 has an S / P ratio that is a ratio of the dark place visual brightness and the light place visual brightness of 2.1 or more, and a biological activity degree that represents a melatonin secretion inhibiting action per unit brightness is 0.7 or less. The color deviation Duv can be irradiated with white light within ± 20. As a result, it is possible to provide the lighting device 10 that can suppress the action on the living body while improving the visibility in the low vision environment.

  (2) Since the illumination unit 11 is configured so that the full width at half maximum of light having a peak wavelength in the range of 510 to 530 nm is 40 nm or more, the average color rendering index Ra can be increased to improve color rendering. .

In addition, you may change embodiment of this invention as follows.
In the above embodiment, the predetermined gap is provided between the LED element 11a and the phosphor 11b. However, a configuration in which the phosphor is applied to the LED element 11a may be employed.

  In the above-described embodiment, the illumination unit 11 is configured by one LED element 11a and the phosphor 11b. As a modified example of the illumination unit 11 that is lit in substantially white, the following configuration is conceivable. However, the present invention is not limited to this as long as the present invention is applicable.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the blue LED element 22a and the phosphor 22b that covers the element 22a and emits red light, the blue LED element 23a and the phosphor 23b that covers the element 23a and emits green light, and blue The LED unit 24 may constitute the illumination unit 11.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 13, you may comprise the illumination part 11 by the blue LED element 25, the green LED element 26, and the red LED element 27. As shown in FIG.
Moreover, you may employ | adopt the illumination part 11 of the structure using a permeation | transmission and a diffusion filter.

  10 ... Illumination device, 11 ... Illumination part.

Claims (2)

The S / P ratio, which is the ratio of the dark vision brightness and the photopic brightness, is 2.1 or more, the bioactivity indicating the melatonin secretion suppression action per unit brightness is 0.7 or less, and the color deviation Duv is within ± 20. With an illuminator that emits white light
The illumination unit may have a peak wavelength in each of 625~750nm among 510～530Nm, red wavelength region among the 420～460Nm, green wavelength region among the blue purple blue wavelength region, 460Nm～ In the range of 510 nm, the emission intensity is at least lower than the range of 420 to 460 nm in the blue wavelength region and the range of 510 to 530 nm in the green wavelength region. Lighting device. The lighting device according to claim 1 .
The illumination device is configured such that the full width at half maximum of light having a peak wavelength in a range of 510 to 530 nm is 40 nm or more.