JP5903244B2 - バナジウム耐性皮膜系 - Google Patents
バナジウム耐性皮膜系 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5903244B2 JP5903244B2 JP2011244056A JP2011244056A JP5903244B2 JP 5903244 B2 JP5903244 B2 JP 5903244B2 JP 2011244056 A JP2011244056 A JP 2011244056A JP 2011244056 A JP2011244056 A JP 2011244056A JP 5903244 B2 JP5903244 B2 JP 5903244B2
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- vanadium
- rare earth
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- zirconium oxide
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 52
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 52
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 46
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 46
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 rare earth cation Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910018967 Pt—Rh Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001233 yttria-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 44
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000012720 thermal barrier coating Substances 0.000 description 19
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002603 lanthanum Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pt] PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HWLDNSXPUQTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum-iridium alloy Chemical compound [Ir].[Pt] HWLDNSXPUQTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000943 NiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chalcopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Fe+2].[Cu+2] DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052951 chalcopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 description 1
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
- C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
- C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
- C23C28/3215—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer at least one MCrAlX layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
- C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
- C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
- C23C28/3455—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer with a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxide, ZrO2, rare earth oxides or a thermal barrier system comprising at least one refractory oxide layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/36—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including layers graded in composition or physical properties
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12542—More than one such component
- Y10T428/12549—Adjacent to each other
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Description
ZrO2(Y2O3)+V2O5→ZrO2(単斜晶系)+2YVO4
このように、V2O5はYSZを急速に攻撃する能力を持ち続けて、その結果YSZが劣化し、高温のガス流により除去される。TBCが失われると、基材金属及び残りのボンドコートが高温における燃焼の高温のガスに露出される。これらの高温において、基材金属及びボンドコートは燃焼の高温のガスによる腐食を受け易く、そのためその寿命が縮まる。その結果、燃焼器及びタービンブレードのような部品をより短い間隔で取り換えなければならない。これはまた、タービンの追加のメンテナンス時間を意味し、その間は出力が生成しない。
次式1の場合、
(1) 0.5Y2O3 + 0.5V2O5 = YVO4
エンタルピーΔHは−1.370eVである。
次式2の場合、
(2) 0.5Yb2O3 + 0.5 V2O5 = YbVO4
エンタルピーΔHは−1.278eVである。従って、YbVO4は同じ条件下で生成するのがYVO4より困難であり、このことはYb3+陽イオンから生成するイッテルビアがY3+陽イオンから生成するイットリアより効果的な安定化剤であることを示している。
Claims (13)
- 高温バナジウム腐食に対して耐性のバナジウム耐性皮膜系であって、
(a)超合金基材と、
(b)燃料の燃焼に起因する腐食性副生物による腐食に対して耐性のボンドコートであって、前記超合金基材上のMCrAlYからなる第1の層(式中、MはNi、Fe、Co及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される元素である。)と、第1の層上の貴金属を含む第2の層とを含むボンドコートと、
(c)ボンドコート上のセラミック皮膜であって、Y3+よりも小さい原子半径を有する希土類元素の陽イオンで安定化された酸化ジルコニウムを含んでいて、該陽イオンが前記元素の酸化物を形成し、該酸化物がY3+よりも低いV2O5との結合エンタルピーを有している、セラミック皮膜と
(d)前記セラミック皮膜上の犠牲セラミック酸化物層であって、イットリアで安定化された酸化ジルコニウムと、Y3+よりも大きい原子半径を有する希土類元素の陽イオンで安定化された酸化ジルコニウムであって、該陽イオンが前記元素の酸化物を形成し、該酸化物がイットリアで安定化された酸化ジルコニウムよりもV2O5による腐食を受け易い、希土類元素の陽イオンで安定化された酸化ジルコニウムとを含む犠牲セラミック酸化物層と
を含む、バナジウム耐性皮膜系。 - Y3+よりも小さい原子半径を有する希土類元素がYb3+、Lu3+、Sc3+及びCe4+からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の陽イオンを含む、請求項1記載のバナジウム耐性皮膜系。
- 前記セラミック皮膜の酸化ジルコニウムが、5〜10重量%の量の、Y3+よりも小さい原子半径を有する希土類元素で安定化されている、請求項1又は請求項2記載のバナジウム耐性皮膜系。
- セラミック皮膜の厚さが0.007〜0.040インチ(0.18〜1.0mm)である、請求項1記載のバナジウム耐性皮膜系。
- 犠牲セラミック酸化物層が、2〜20重量%のイットリアで安定化された酸化ジルコニウムと、4〜12重量%の量の、Y3+よりも大きい原子半径を有する希土類元素の陽イオンで安定化された酸化ジルコニウムを含んでいる、請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか1項記載のバナジウム耐性皮膜系。
- 犠牲セラミック酸化物層におけるY3+よりも大きい原子半径を有する希土類元素の陽イオンが、La3+、Ce3+、Pr3+、Nd3+、Pm3+、Sm3+、Eu3+、Gd3+、Tb3+、Dy3+及びHo3+からなる群から選択される、請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか1項記載のバナジウム耐性皮膜系。
- 犠牲セラミック酸化物層におけるイットリアで安定化された酸化ジルコニウムが外表面に開いた亀裂及び気孔を含んでおり、該亀裂及び気孔に、Y3+よりも大きい原子半径を有する希土類元素の陽イオンが侵入している、請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれか1項記載のバナジウム耐性皮膜系。
- 外表面から0.0001〜0.0005インチ(2.5〜13μm)の深さまでY3+よりも大きい原子半径を有する希土類元素の陽イオンが前記亀裂及び気孔に侵入している、請求項4記載のバナジウム耐性皮膜系。
- 犠牲セラミック酸化物層が、イットリアで安定化された酸化ジルコニウムと、Y3+よりも大きい原子半径を有する希土類元素の陽イオンで安定化された酸化ジルコニウムとを共堆積したものからなる、請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれか1項記載のバナジウム耐性皮膜系。
- 前記共堆積によって形成された犠牲セラミック酸化物層が、イットリアで安定化された酸化ジルコニウムと、Y3+よりも大きい原子半径を有する希土類元素の陽イオンで安定化された酸化ジルコニウムとの均一組成を有する、請求項9記載のバナジウム耐性皮膜系。
- 前記共堆積によって形成された犠牲セラミック酸化物層が、イットリアで安定化された酸化ジルコニウムと、Y3+よりも大きい原子半径を有する希土類元素の陽イオンで安定化された酸化ジルコニウムとの傾斜組成を有する、請求項9記載のバナジウム耐性皮膜系。
- 前記ボンドコートの第2層の貴金属が、Pt、Ir、Ir−Hf、Ir−Pt及びPt−Rhからなる群から選択される、請求項1乃至請求項11のいずれか1項記載のバナジウム耐性皮膜系。
- 前記ボンドコートの合計厚さが0.002〜0.015インチ(0.05〜0.38mm)である、請求項1乃至請求項12のいずれか1項記載のバナジウム耐性皮膜系。
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