JP5898819B1 - Aluminum alloy for die casting and aluminum alloy die casting using the same - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy for die casting and aluminum alloy die casting using the same Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910019018 Mg 2 Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018619 Si-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008289 Si—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
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Abstract
機械的性質の向上効果を発揮できる割合でＣｕを含有しているにもかかわらず、耐食性を著しく悪化させることがなく、自動車の重要保安部品などに好適なダイカスト用アルミニウム合金と、当該合金でダイカストされたアルミニウム合金ダイカストとを提供する。すなわち、本発明は、重量％で、０．０３％＜Ｃｕ≦０．７％、６．０％＜Ｓｉ≦１１．０％、０．１５％≦Ｍｇ≦０．５０％、０．０５％≦Ｆｅ≦０．６％、０．０５％≦Ｔｉ≦０．２５％、Ｍｎ≦０．８％、０．１０％≦Ｃｒ≦０．４０％を含有し、残部がＡｌと不可避不純物とからなることを特徴とするダイカスト用アルミニウム合金である。Die-casting aluminum alloy suitable for important safety parts of automobiles and the like, which does not significantly deteriorate the corrosion resistance despite containing Cu at a ratio capable of improving the mechanical properties, and the alloy. Aluminum alloy die casting. That is, the present invention is 0.03% <Cu ≦ 0.7%, 6.0% <Si ≦ 11.0%, 0.15% ≦ Mg ≦ 0.50%, 0.05% by weight%. ≦ Fe ≦ 0.6%, 0.05% ≦ Ti ≦ 0.25%, Mn ≦ 0.8%, 0.10% ≦ Cr ≦ 0.40%, the balance being Al and inevitable impurities An aluminum alloy for die casting characterized by
Description
本発明は、機械的特性と耐食性とに優れたダイカスト用アルミニウム合金および当該合金を利用したアルミニウム合金ダイカストに関する。 The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy for die casting excellent in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, and an aluminum alloy die casting using the alloy.
アルミニウム合金は、軽量であると共に、成形性や量産性に優れることから、自動車や産業機械、航空機、家庭電化製品その他各種分野において、その構成部品素材として広く使用されている。
このうち、自動車用途においては、車体の軽量化やそれに伴う省燃費を目的に、ボディや足回り部品などへのアルミニウム合金ダイカストの適用が拡大している。このように近年、アルミニウム合金を用いた部品が数多く採用されて来ているが、その一方で、これらの部品の多くは重要保安部品であるため、耐力や延性と言った機械的性質のみならず、必要耐用年数や使用環境などの観点から、長期間の使用に耐え得るだけの耐食性が要求される。このため、既存合金では、かかる部品に要求される機械的特性は充足できるものの、耐食性を満足できない事態が生じ始めている。Aluminum alloys are light in weight and excellent in formability and mass productivity, and are therefore widely used as components in automobiles, industrial machines, aircraft, home appliances, and other various fields.
Among these, in automotive applications, the application of aluminum alloy die casting to bodies and undercarriage parts is expanding for the purpose of reducing the weight of the vehicle body and concomitant fuel consumption. Thus, in recent years, many parts using aluminum alloys have been adopted, but on the other hand, since many of these parts are important safety parts, not only mechanical properties such as proof stress and ductility, but also In view of the required service life and usage environment, corrosion resistance that can withstand long-term use is required. For this reason, with existing alloys, although the mechanical properties required for such parts can be satisfied, a situation in which corrosion resistance cannot be satisfied has begun to occur.
そこで、そのような問題を解決する技術の一つとして、例えば、下記の特許文献１には、自動車のホイール（車輪）などの安全構成要素に好適な材料として、９．５〜１１．５重量％の珪素，０．１〜０．５重量％のマグネシウム，０．５〜０．８重量％のマンガン，最大０．１５重量％の鉄，最大０．０３重量％の銅，最大０．１０重量％の亜鉛，最大０．１５重量％のチタンを含み、残部がアルミニウム及び永続的微粒化剤としての３０〜３００ｐｐｍのストロンチウムで構成されたダイカスト用アルミニウム合金が開示されている。
この技術によれば、電池作用によってアルミニウム合金を腐食させるＣｕの含有割合を最大で０．０３重量％に抑えているので、高い耐食性を有するダイカスト用アルミニウム合金を提供することができる。Therefore, as one of the techniques for solving such a problem, for example, in Patent Document 1 below, 9.5 to 11.5 weight as a material suitable for a safety component such as an automobile wheel (wheel) is disclosed. % Silicon, 0.1-0.5% by weight magnesium, 0.5-0.8% by weight manganese, maximum 0.15% by weight iron, maximum 0.03% by weight copper, maximum 0.10 Disclosed is an aluminum alloy for die casting comprising wt% zinc, up to 0.15 wt% titanium, the balance being aluminum and 30-300 ppm strontium as a permanent atomizer.
According to this technique, since the content ratio of Cu that corrodes the aluminum alloy by the battery action is suppressed to 0.03% by weight at the maximum, an aluminum alloy for die casting having high corrosion resistance can be provided.
しかしながら、耐食性を向上させるため、上述のようにＣｕの含有割合を制限すれば、実質的にスクラップ原料の使用が不可能となり、アルミニウム合金を経済的に製造できなくなるばかりでなく、循環型社会を構築する上での律速となる。また、Ｃｕはアルミニウム合金に対して引張強さや０．２％耐力と言った機械的性質を向上させる効果を有しているが、Ｃｕの含有割合を０．０３重量％以下に制限すれば、かかる効果も期待できなくなる。
それゆえに、この発明の主たる課題は、機械的性質の向上効果を発揮できる割合でＣｕを含有しているにもかかわらず、耐食性を著しく悪化させることがなく、自動車の重要保安部品などに好適なダイカスト用アルミニウム合金と、当該合金でダイカストされたアルミニウム合金ダイカストとを提供することである。However, in order to improve the corrosion resistance, if the content ratio of Cu is limited as described above, it becomes practically impossible to use scrap raw materials, making it impossible to produce aluminum alloys economically, and to create a recycling society. It becomes the rate-limiting factor in building. Further, Cu has an effect of improving mechanical properties such as tensile strength and 0.2% proof stress with respect to an aluminum alloy, but if the Cu content is limited to 0.03% by weight or less, Such an effect cannot be expected.
Therefore, the main problem of the present invention is that it is suitable for important safety parts of automobiles, etc., without significantly deteriorating the corrosion resistance, despite containing Cu at a ratio capable of exhibiting the effect of improving the mechanical properties. It is to provide an aluminum alloy for die casting and an aluminum alloy die casting die-cast with the alloy.
本発明における第１の発明は、「重量％で、０．０３％＜Ｃｕ≦０．７％、６．０％＜Ｓｉ≦１１．０％、０．１５％≦Ｍｇ≦０．５０％、０．０５％≦Ｆｅ≦０．６％、０．０５％≦Ｔｉ≦０．２５％、Ｍｎ≦０．８％、０．１０％≦Ｃｒ≦０．４０％を含有し、残部がＡｌと不可避不純物とからなる」ことを特徴とするダイカスト用アルミニウム合金である。
この発明では、Ｃｕを０．０３重量％超から０．７重量％以下の範囲内で含有させることができるので、リサイクル原料の使用が可能となるのに加え、特に引張強さや０．２％耐力と言った機械的性質を向上させることができる。また、上記範囲内でのＣｕの含有に併せて、Ｃｒを０．１０重量％以上で且つ０．４０重量％以下含有するようにしているので、耐食性の悪化を防止することができる。
以上のように、本発明では、７種類の元素成分を所定の割合で含有させるだけで、それらの相互的作用により、鋳造性や機械的性質のみならず、耐食性にも優れたダイカスト用アルミニウム合金のインゴットを安全且つ簡便に製造することができる。The first invention in the present invention is “weight percent, 0.03% <Cu ≦ 0.7%, 6.0% <Si ≦ 11.0%, 0.15% ≦ Mg ≦ 0.50%, 0.05% ≦ Fe ≦ 0.6%, 0.05% ≦ Ti ≦ 0.25%, Mn ≦ 0.8%, 0.10% ≦ Cr ≦ 0.40%, with the balance being Al It is an aluminum alloy for die casting characterized by comprising “inevitable impurities”.
In this invention, since Cu can be contained in the range of more than 0.03% by weight to 0.7% by weight or less, it is possible to use recycled raw materials, and in particular, tensile strength and 0.2% Mechanical properties such as yield strength can be improved. Moreover, since Cr is contained in an amount of 0.10 wt% or more and 0.40 wt% or less in addition to the Cu content within the above range, deterioration of corrosion resistance can be prevented.
As described above, in the present invention, an aluminum alloy for die casting that is excellent not only in castability and mechanical properties but also in corrosion resistance is obtained only by containing seven kinds of elemental components at a predetermined ratio and by their interaction. This ingot can be manufactured safely and simply.
なお、本発明のダイカスト用アルミニウム合金では、Ｎａ，ＳｒおよびＣａから選ばれる少なくとも１種を３０〜２００ｐｐｍ添加することや、Ｓｂを０．０５〜０．２０重量％添加するのが好ましい。こうすることにより、共晶Ｓｉの粒子を細かくすることができ、アルミニウム合金の靱性や強度をより一層向上させることができる。
また、Ｂを１〜５０ｐｐｍ添加することも好ましい。こうすることにより、特にＳｉ量が少ない場合や冷却速度の遅い鋳造方法を用いる場合であってもアルミニウム合金の結晶粒を微細化させることができ、その結果、当該アルミニウム合金の伸びを向上させることができる。In addition, in the aluminum alloy for die-casting of this invention, it is preferable to add 30-200 ppm of at least 1 sort (s) chosen from Na, Sr, and Ca, and 0.05 to 0.20 weight% of Sb. By doing so, the particles of eutectic Si can be made finer, and the toughness and strength of the aluminum alloy can be further improved.
It is also preferable to add 1 to 50 ppm of B. By doing this, even when the amount of Si is small or when using a casting method with a slow cooling rate, the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy can be refined, and as a result, the elongation of the aluminum alloy can be improved. Can do.
本発明における第２の発明は、上記第１の発明に記載のダイカスト用アルミニウム合金でダイカストされたことを特徴とするアルミニウム合金ダイカストである。
本発明のダイカスト用アルミニウム合金でダイカストされたアルミニウム合金ダイカストは、鋳造性よく量産できると共に、引張強さや硬さと言った機械的特性のみならず耐食性にも優れているため、例えば自動車の重要保安部品などの用途に最適である。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an aluminum alloy die casting that is die-cast with the aluminum alloy for die casting described in the first aspect.
The aluminum alloy die casting die-casted with the aluminum alloy for die casting of the present invention can be mass-produced with good castability and is excellent not only in mechanical properties such as tensile strength and hardness but also in corrosion resistance. Ideal for such applications.
本発明によれば、機械的性質の向上効果を発揮できる割合でＣｕを含有しているにもかかわらず、耐食性を著しく悪化させることがなく、自動車の重要保安部品などに好適なダイカスト用アルミニウム合金と、当該合金でダイカストされたアルミニウム合金ダイカストとを提供することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, although it contains Cu in the ratio which can exhibit the improvement effect of a mechanical property, corrosion resistance is not deteriorated remarkably, and it is suitable for the important safety | security parts of a motor vehicle, etc. And an aluminum alloy die-cast die-cast with the alloy.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について具体例を示しながら詳述する。
本発明のダイカスト用アルミニウム合金(以下、単に「アルミニウム合金」とも云う。)は、重量％で、０．０３％＜Ｃｕ(銅)≦０．７％、６．０％＜Ｓｉ(ケイ素)≦１１．０％、０．１５％≦Ｍｇ(マグネシウム)≦０．５０％、０．０５％≦Ｆｅ(鉄)≦０．６％、０．０５％≦Ｔｉ(チタン)≦０．２５％、Ｍｎ(マンガン)≦０．８％、０．１％≦Ｃｒ(クロム)≦０．４％を含有し、残部がＡｌ(アルミニウム)と不可避不純物とで大略構成されている。以下、各元素の特性について説明する。Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with specific examples.
The aluminum alloy for die casting of the present invention (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “aluminum alloy”) is 0.03% <Cu (copper) ≦ 0.7%, 6.0% <Si (silicon) ≦% by weight. 11.0%, 0.15% ≦ Mg (magnesium) ≦ 0.50%, 0.05% ≦ Fe (iron) ≦ 0.6%, 0.05% ≦ Ti (titanium) ≦ 0.25%, It contains Mn (manganese) ≦ 0.8%, 0.1% ≦ Cr (chromium) ≦ 0.4%, and the balance is almost composed of Al (aluminum) and inevitable impurities. Hereinafter, the characteristics of each element will be described.
Ｃｕ(銅)は、アルミニウム合金の耐摩耗性や機械的強度や硬さを向上させるために重要な元素である。
アルミニウム合金全体の重量に対するＣｕの含有割合は、上述したように０．０３重量％超で且つ０．７重量％以下の範囲内であることが好ましい。Ｃｕの含有割合が０．０３重量％以下の場合には、上述の機械的性質改善効果を得ることができなくなり、逆に、Ｃｕの含有割合が０．７重量％を超える場合には、耐食性の著しい低下、伸びの低下、比重の増大、原材料コストの増加と言った問題が生じるようになるからである。
なお、得られるアルミニウム合金に特に高い耐食性が必要な場合には、このＣｕの含有割合を０．０３重量％超〜０．２重量％以下の範囲内にするのが好ましい。Cu (copper) is an important element for improving the wear resistance, mechanical strength, and hardness of an aluminum alloy.
As described above, the content ratio of Cu with respect to the weight of the entire aluminum alloy is preferably in the range of more than 0.03% by weight and not more than 0.7% by weight. When the Cu content is 0.03% by weight or less, the above-described mechanical property improvement effect cannot be obtained. Conversely, when the Cu content exceeds 0.7% by weight, the corrosion resistance is not improved. This is because problems such as a significant decrease in the thickness, a decrease in elongation, an increase in specific gravity, and an increase in raw material costs arise.
In addition, when especially high corrosion resistance is required for the obtained aluminum alloy, it is preferable to make this Cu content rate into the range of more than 0.03 weight%-0.2 weight% or less.
Ｓｉ（ケイ素）は、アルミニウム合金溶融時における流動性の確保し、鋳造性を向上させる重要な元素である。
アルミニウム合金全体の重量に対するＳｉの含有割合は、上述したように６．０重量％以上で且つ１１．０重量％以下の範囲内であることが好ましい。Ｓｉの含有割合が６.０重量％未満の場合には、溶湯の流動性を確保することが難しく、一般的に多用されている通常のダイカストでの成形を考えた場合、大型部品への適用の妨げになり、逆に、Ｓｉの含有割合が１１．０重量％を超える場合には、合金の伸びが低下するようになるからである。Si (silicon) is an important element that ensures fluidity at the time of melting an aluminum alloy and improves castability.
As described above, the content ratio of Si with respect to the weight of the entire aluminum alloy is preferably in the range of 6.0% by weight or more and 11.0% by weight or less. When the Si content is less than 6.0% by weight, it is difficult to ensure the fluidity of the molten metal, and it is applied to large parts when considering the general die-casting that is commonly used. On the contrary, when the Si content exceeds 11.0% by weight, the elongation of the alloy decreases.
Ｍｇ（マグネシウム）は、主としてアルミニウム合金中のＡｌ母材に固溶した状態又はＭｇ２Ｓｉとして存在し、アルミニウム合金に耐力および引張強さを付与する一方で、過大量の含有により鋳造性や耐食性に悪影響を及ぼす成分である。
アルミニウム合金全体の重量に対するＭｇの含有割合は、上述したように０．１５重量％以上で且つ０．５重量％以下の範囲であることが好ましい。Ｍｇの含有割合が０．１５重量％未満の場合には、上述の効果を十分に得ることができなくなり、逆に、Ｍｇの含有割合が０．５重量％を超える場合には、合金の伸びや耐食性が低下するようになるからである。Mg (magnesium) exists mainly as a solid solution in an Al base material in an aluminum alloy or as Mg 2 Si, and imparts proof strength and tensile strength to the aluminum alloy. On the other hand, excessive content contains castability and corrosion resistance. It is a component that adversely affects
As described above, the content ratio of Mg with respect to the total weight of the aluminum alloy is preferably 0.15 wt% or more and 0.5 wt% or less. When the Mg content is less than 0.15% by weight, the above effect cannot be obtained sufficiently. Conversely, when the Mg content exceeds 0.5% by weight, the elongation of the alloy is not achieved. This is because the corrosion resistance is lowered.
Ｆｅ（鉄）は、ダイカスト時の焼付き防止効果を有することが知られている。しかしながら、このＦｅは、Ａｌ-Ｓｉ-Ｆｅからなる針状晶を晶出し、アルミニウム合金の靱性を低下させると共に、大量に添加すると適温での溶解を困難にする。
アルミニウム合金全体の重量に対するＦｅの含有割合は、上述したように０．０５〜０．６重量％の範囲内であることが好ましい。Ｆｅの含有割合が０．０５重量％未満の場合には、ダイカスト時の焼付き防止効果が十分ではなく、逆に、Ｆｅの含有割合が０．６重量％より多い場合にも、上記焼付き防止効果は十分なものになるが、当該合金の靱性が低下すると共に溶解温度が上昇して鋳造性が悪化するようになるからである。Fe (iron) is known to have an effect of preventing seizure during die casting. However, this Fe crystallizes needle-like crystals composed of Al-Si-Fe, lowers the toughness of the aluminum alloy, and makes it difficult to dissolve at an appropriate temperature when added in a large amount.
As described above, the content ratio of Fe with respect to the weight of the entire aluminum alloy is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.6% by weight. When the Fe content is less than 0.05% by weight, the seizure prevention effect at the time of die casting is not sufficient, and conversely, when the Fe content is more than 0.6% by weight, the above seizure also occurs. This is because the prevention effect is sufficient, but the toughness of the alloy is lowered and the melting temperature is increased to deteriorate the castability.
Ｔｉ（チタン）は、結晶粒を微細化させる効果を有しており、一般的には鋳造割れの抑制や機械的性質のうち特に伸びを向上させることができる元素であると言われている。
アルミニウム合金全体の重量に対するＴｉの含有割合は、０．０５重量％以上で且つ０．２５重量％以下の範囲内であることが好ましい。Ｔｉの含有割合が０．０５重量％未満の場合には、アルミニウム合金中の結晶粒を微細化するのが困難となり、逆に、Ｔｉの含有割合が０．２５重量％を超える場合には、アルミニウム合金の溶解が難しくなり、溶け残りの生じる可能性が出てくるからである。
なお、本発明成分のアルミニウム合金では、後述するように、その成分組成の相互的作用により、Ｔｉの含有割合が概ね０．２５重量％以下の範囲内において、Ｔｉの含有割合が増えるに伴って、アルミニウム合金の引張強さ及び０．２％耐力が向上する一方、伸びについてはほとんど影響がないことが新たな知見として見出された。Ti (titanium) has an effect of refining crystal grains, and is generally said to be an element that can particularly improve elongation among suppression of casting cracks and mechanical properties.
The content ratio of Ti with respect to the total weight of the aluminum alloy is preferably 0.05% by weight or more and 0.25% by weight or less. When the Ti content is less than 0.05% by weight, it is difficult to refine the crystal grains in the aluminum alloy. Conversely, when the Ti content exceeds 0.25% by weight, This is because it becomes difficult to melt the aluminum alloy, and there is a possibility that unmelted residue will be generated.
In addition, in the aluminum alloy of the present invention component, as will be described later, the content ratio of Ti is increased within the range of approximately 0.25% by weight or less due to the interaction of the component composition. It was discovered as a new finding that the tensile strength and 0.2% yield strength of aluminum alloys are improved, while the elongation is hardly affected.
Ｍｎ（マンガン）は、上述したＦｅと同様に、主としてダイカスト時におけるアルミニウム合金と金型との焼付きを防止するためのものである。このＭｎもＦｅと同様に、大量に含有させると適温での溶解が困難になることから、本発明では、アルミニウム合金全体の重量に対するＭｎの含有割合を０．８重量％以下に抑えている。
なお、このＭｎの含有割合の下限については特に限定する必要はないが、上記焼付き防止効果を顕著に発揮させるためには、Ｍｎを０．２重量％以上含有させるのが好ましい。Mn (manganese) is mainly for preventing seizure between the aluminum alloy and the mold during die casting, as with the above-described Fe. Similarly to Fe, if Mn is contained in a large amount, it becomes difficult to dissolve at an appropriate temperature. Therefore, in the present invention, the content ratio of Mn with respect to the weight of the entire aluminum alloy is suppressed to 0.8% by weight or less.
The lower limit of the content ratio of Mn is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to contain Mn in an amount of 0.2% by weight or more in order to exert the above-described seizure prevention effect remarkably.
Ｃｒ（クロム）は、上述したＦｅやＭｎと同様に、ダイカスト時におけるアルミニウム合金と金型との焼付きを防止するのに加え、合金の耐食性を向上させる効果を有する元素である。
アルミニウム合金全体の重量に対するＣｒの含有割合は、上述したように０．１重量％以上で且つ０．４重量％以下の範囲内であることが好ましい。Ｃｒの含有割合が０．１重量％未満の場合には、上述の効果を十分に得ることができなくなり、逆に、Ｃｒの含有割合が０．４重量％を超える場合には、これ以上添加量を増やしても添加効果が上がらなくなるからである。Cr (chromium) is an element having the effect of improving the corrosion resistance of the alloy in addition to preventing seizure between the aluminum alloy and the mold during die casting, as with the above-described Fe and Mn.
As described above, the content ratio of Cr with respect to the weight of the entire aluminum alloy is preferably in the range of 0.1 wt% or more and 0.4 wt% or less. When the Cr content is less than 0.1% by weight, the above effects cannot be obtained sufficiently. Conversely, when the Cr content exceeds 0.4% by weight, no more is added. This is because even if the amount is increased, the effect of addition cannot be improved.
以上の含有割合に従って、Ｃｕ，Ｓｉ，Ｍｇ，Ｆｅ，Ｔｉ，Ｍｎ及びＣｒの含有割合を調整すると、安全性の高い簡単な処方で有りながら、鋳造性や機械的性質のみならず、耐食性にも優れたダイカスト用アルミニウム合金地金を得ることができる。 Adjusting the content ratios of Cu, Si, Mg, Fe, Ti, Mn and Cr according to the above content ratios is not only castability and mechanical properties but also corrosion resistance while being a simple and highly safe formulation. An excellent aluminum alloy bar for die casting can be obtained.
なお、上述した各元素成分のほかに、Ｎａ（ナトリウム），Ｓｒ（ストロンチウム），Ｃａ（カルシウム）およびＳｂ（アンチモン）から選ばれる少なくとも１種を改良処理材として添加するようにしてもよい。このような改良処理材を添加することによって共晶Ｓｉの粒子を細かくすることができ、アルミニウム合金の靱性や強度をより一層向上させることができる。
ここで、アルミニウム合金全体の重量に対する改良処理材の添加割合は、当該改良処理材がＮａ，ＳｒおよびＣａの場合には３０〜２００ｐｐｍ、Ｓｂの場合には０．０５〜０．２０重量％の範囲であることが好ましい。改良処理材の添加割合が３０ｐｐｍ(Ｓｂの場合には０．０５重量％)未満の場合には、アルミニウム合金中の共晶Ｓｉの粒子を微細化するのが困難となり、逆に、改良処理材の添加割合が２００ｐｐｍ(Ｓｂの場合には０．２０重量％)より多い場合には、アルミニウム合金中の共晶Ｓｉの粒子は十分に微細化されており、これ以上添加量を増やしても添加効果が上がらなくなるからである。In addition to each element component described above, at least one selected from Na (sodium), Sr (strontium), Ca (calcium), and Sb (antimony) may be added as an improvement treatment material. By adding such an improved treatment material, the particles of eutectic Si can be made finer, and the toughness and strength of the aluminum alloy can be further improved.
Here, the addition ratio of the improved treatment material to the total weight of the aluminum alloy is 30 to 200 ppm when the improved treatment material is Na, Sr and Ca, and 0.05 to 0.20% by weight when the improved treatment material is Sb. A range is preferable. When the addition ratio of the improved treatment material is less than 30 ppm (0.05% by weight in the case of Sb), it becomes difficult to refine the eutectic Si particles in the aluminum alloy. In the case where the addition ratio of Z is more than 200 ppm (0.20% by weight in the case of Sb), the eutectic Si particles in the aluminum alloy are sufficiently refined and added even if the addition amount is further increased. This is because the effect does not increase.
また、上記改良処理材に代えて、或いは改良処理材と共に、Ｂ（硼素）を添加するようにしてもよい。このようにＢを添加することによってアルミニウム合金の結晶粒が微細化され、当該合金の伸びを向上させることができる。なお、かかる効果は、特にＳｉ量が少ない場合や冷却速度の遅い鋳造方法を用いる場合に顕著となる。
アルミニウム合金全体の重量に対するＢの添加割合は、１〜５０ｐｐｍの範囲であることが好ましい。Ｂの添加割合が１ｐｐｍ未満の場合には、アルミニウム合金中の結晶粒を微細化するのが困難となり、逆に、Ｂの添加割合が５０ｐｐｍより多い場合には、アルミニウム合金中の結晶粒は十分に微細化されており、これ以上添加量を増やしても添加効果が上がらなくなるからである。Further, B (boron) may be added in place of the improved treatment material or together with the improved treatment material. By adding B in this way, the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy are refined, and the elongation of the alloy can be improved. Such an effect is particularly remarkable when the amount of Si is small or when a casting method having a low cooling rate is used.
The addition ratio of B with respect to the weight of the entire aluminum alloy is preferably in the range of 1 to 50 ppm. When the addition ratio of B is less than 1 ppm, it is difficult to refine the crystal grains in the aluminum alloy. Conversely, when the addition ratio of B is more than 50 ppm, the crystal grains in the aluminum alloy are sufficient. This is because the effect of the addition cannot be increased even if the addition amount is increased further.
本発明のダイカスト用アルミニウム合金を製造する際には、まず、Ａｌ，Ｃｕ，Ｓｉ，Ｍｇ，Ｆｅ，Ｔｉ，Ｍｎ及びＣｒの各元素成分が上述した所定の割合となるように含有させた原料を準備する（必要に応じて上記改良処理材等も添加。）。続いて、この原料を前炉付溶解炉や密閉溶解炉などの溶解炉に投入し、これらを溶解させる。溶解させた原料すなわちアルミニウム合金の溶湯は、必要に応じて脱水素処理および脱介在物処理などの精製処理が施される。そして、精製された溶湯を所定の鋳型などに流し込み、固化させることによって、アルミニウム合金の溶湯を合金地金インゴットなどに成形する。 When producing the aluminum alloy for die casting of the present invention, first, a raw material containing each element component of Al, Cu, Si, Mg, Fe, Ti, Mn and Cr so as to have the above-mentioned predetermined ratio is used. Prepare (add the above-mentioned improved processing material etc. if necessary). Subsequently, this raw material is put into a melting furnace such as a pre-furnace melting furnace or a closed melting furnace to melt them. The melted raw material, that is, the molten aluminum alloy is subjected to a purification treatment such as a dehydrogenation treatment and a decontamination treatment as necessary. Then, the refined molten metal is poured into a predetermined mold or the like and solidified to form the molten aluminum alloy into an alloy ingot or the like.
また、本発明のダイカスト用アルミニウム合金を用いてアルミニウム合金ダイカストを鋳造した後、必要に応じて溶体化処理及び時効処理などが施される。このようにアルミニウム合金ダイカストに溶体化処理および時効処理などを施すことによってアルミニウム合金鋳物の機械的特性を改良することができる。 In addition, after casting an aluminum alloy die cast using the aluminum alloy for die casting of the present invention, solution treatment and aging treatment are performed as necessary. Thus, the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy casting can be improved by subjecting the aluminum alloy die casting to solution treatment, aging treatment, and the like.
以下に、実施例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明は実施例に限定されるものではない。
なお、下記の各種合金における機械的特性(具体的には、引張強さ，伸び，０．２％耐力)は、次の方法で測定した。すなわち、型締力１３５トンの通常のダイカストマシン(東芝機械(株)社製・ＤＣ１３５ＥＬ)を用いて、射出速度１．０ｍ／秒、鋳造圧力６０ＭＰａでダイカスト鋳造し、ＡＳＴＭ(American Society for Testing and Material)規格に準拠した丸棒試験片を作製した。そして、鋳放しの状態のかかる丸棒試験片について、(株)島津製作所社製の万能試験機(ＡＧ−ＩＳ １００ｋＮ)を用いて、引張強さ，伸び，０．２％耐力を測定した。
また、各種合金の合金成分は、固体発光分光分析機（サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック社製 Ｔｈｅｒｍｏ Ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ ＡＲＬ４４６０）を用いて測定した。
さらに、耐食性については、日本工業規格ＪＩＳ Ｚ２３７１に準拠した（中性）塩水噴霧試験にて評価を行なった。その際、スガ試験機(株)社製のキャス試験機ＣＡＳＳＥＲ−ＩＳＯ−３を用いて当該試験を行った。EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
The mechanical properties (specifically, tensile strength, elongation, 0.2% proof stress) in the following various alloys were measured by the following methods. That is, using an ordinary die casting machine with a clamping force of 135 tons (DC135EL manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd.), die casting was performed at an injection speed of 1.0 m / sec and a casting pressure of 60 MPa, and ASTM (American Society for Testing and Testing and Material) A round bar test piece conforming to the standard was prepared. And about the round bar test piece in the as-cast state, tensile strength, elongation, and 0.2% yield strength were measured using a universal testing machine (AG-IS 100 kN) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
Moreover, the alloy component of various alloys was measured using the solid-state emission spectrometer (Thermo Scientific ARL4460 by Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Further, the corrosion resistance was evaluated by a (neutral) salt spray test based on Japanese Industrial Standard JIS Z2371. In that case, the said test was done using Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd. CASS tester CASSER-ISO-3.
Ｃｕのアルミニウム合金物性に対する影響
表１は、Ｃｕ以外の合金成分が本発明範囲内における或る一定の割合となるように調整すると共に、Ｃｕの含有割合を変化させて製造したダイカスト用アルミニウム合金の成分組成及び各機械的特性(引張強さ，伸び，０．２％耐力)を示したものである。Table 1 shows the effect of Cu on aluminum alloy physical properties of aluminum alloys for die castings prepared by adjusting the alloy components other than Cu to a certain ratio within the scope of the present invention and changing the Cu content ratio. It shows the component composition and mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation, 0.2% proof stress).
この表１が示すように、Ｃｕの含有割合が概ね１．０重量％以下の範囲内では、Ｃｕの含有割合が増えるのに伴って、アルミニウム合金の引張強さ（図１−１参照）及び０．２％耐力（図１−２参照）が向上することが窺える。
これに対し、アルミニウム合金の伸びは、Ｃｕの含有割合が０．７重量％を超えると低下するような傾向が窺える。
なお、表１中の合金３〜１１は、本発明範囲内の合金組成、すなわち実施例合金である。As shown in Table 1, when the Cu content is approximately 1.0% by weight or less, as the Cu content increases, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy (see FIG. 1-1) and It can be seen that the 0.2% yield strength (see FIG. 1-2) is improved.
On the other hand, the elongation of the aluminum alloy tends to decrease when the Cu content exceeds 0.7% by weight.
Alloys 3 to 11 in Table 1 are alloy compositions within the scope of the present invention, that is, example alloys.
Ｃｒの含有による耐食性向上効果
表２は、鋳造方法別の各アルミニウム合金組成と耐食性との関係を示した表である。
ここで、表２におけるダイカストのものは、上述の機械的性質測定に供した試料と同様の方法で鋳造したものである。一方、表２における重力鋳造のものは、所定の成分に調整したアルミニウム合金を金型に投入して重力鋳造を行い、その後はダイカストと同様にＪＩＳ Ｚ２３７１に準拠した塩水噴霧試験用の試料(耐食性評価試験片)に加工し、塩水噴霧試験を行った。 Corrosion resistance improvement effect table by inclusion of
Here, the die-cast thing in Table 2 is what was cast by the method similar to the sample used for the above-mentioned mechanical property measurement. On the other hand, in the case of gravity casting in Table 2, an aluminum alloy adjusted to a predetermined component is poured into a mold and gravity casting is performed, and thereafter, a sample for salt spray test (corrosion resistance) in accordance with JIS Z2371, similar to die casting. Processed into an evaluation test piece) and subjected to a salt spray test.
この表２が示すように、ダイカストにより得た鋳造品において、Ｃｕの含有割合を０．１０重量％の一定とした場合、Ｃｒの含有割合が０．１０重量％以上になると腐食減量が減少し、耐食性が良くなることが窺える（図２−１参照）。
また、ダイカストにより得た鋳造品において、Ｃｒの含有割合を０．２０重量％の一定とした場合、Ｃｕの含有割合を０．１０重量％から０．７３重量％まで増加させるのに伴って腐食減量も増加し、耐食性が悪化する傾向が示された（図２−３参照）。
また、重力鋳造により得た鋳造品においても、Ｃｕの含有割合の増加に伴って合金の耐食性が悪化するが、Ｃｒを０．２０重量％含有させることにより、腐食減量を著しく低下させ、耐食性を向上できることが明らかになった（図２−２参照）。
なお、表２中の合金１５〜２０，２６及び２７は、本発明範囲内の合金組成、すなわち実施例合金である。As shown in Table 2, in a cast product obtained by die casting, when the Cu content is constant at 0.10% by weight, the corrosion weight loss decreases when the Cr content is 0.10% by weight or more. It can be seen that the corrosion resistance is improved (see FIG. 2-1).
In addition, in a cast product obtained by die casting, when the Cr content rate is constant at 0.20% by weight, corrosion increases as the Cu content rate is increased from 0.10% to 0.73% by weight. The weight loss also increased, indicating a tendency for the corrosion resistance to deteriorate (see FIG. 2-3).
Also, in the cast product obtained by gravity casting, the corrosion resistance of the alloy deteriorates as the Cu content increases, but by containing 0.20% by weight of Cr, the corrosion weight loss is remarkably lowered, and the corrosion resistance is improved. It became clear that it can improve (refer to FIG. 2-2).
Alloys 15 to 20, 26 and 27 in Table 2 are alloy compositions within the scope of the present invention, that is, example alloys.
Ｔｉのアルミニウム合金物性に対する影響
表３は、Ｔｉ以外の合金成分が本発明範囲内における或る一定の割合となるように調整すると共に、Ｔｉの含有割合を変化させて製造したダイカスト用アルミニウム合金の成分組成及び各機械的特性(引張強さ，伸び，０．２％耐力)を示したものである。Table 3 shows the effect of Ti on the aluminum alloy physical properties of the die casting aluminum alloy produced by adjusting the content of Ti to a certain ratio within the scope of the present invention and changing the Ti content. It shows the component composition and mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation, 0.2% proof stress).
この表３が示すように、Ｔｉの含有割合が概ね０．２５重量％以下の範囲内では、Ｔｉの含有割合が増えるに伴って、アルミニウム合金の引張強さ（図３−１参照）及び０．２％耐力（図３−３参照）が向上することが窺える。
これに対し、アルミニウム合金の伸びは、Ｔｉの含有割合が概ね０．２５重量％以下の範囲内において、Ｔｉの含有割合との間に顕著な違いは認められなかった（図３−２）。
なお、表３中の合金３０〜３３は、本発明範囲内の合金組成、すなわち実施例合金である。
As shown in Table 3, when the Ti content is approximately 0.25% by weight or less, as the Ti content increases, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy (see FIG. 3-1) and 0 suggesting that .2% yield strength (see Fig. 3-3) is improved.
In contrast, the elongation of the aluminum alloy is in the range of the content ratio is almost 0.25 wt% or less of Ti, significant differences between the content of Ti was observed (Fig. 3-2).
Alloys 30 to 33 in Table 3 are alloy compositions within the scope of the present invention, that is, example alloys.
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| PCT/JP2015/002086 WO2016166779A1 (en) | 2015-04-15 | 2015-04-15 | Aluminum alloy for die casting, and die-cast aluminum alloy using same |
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| ES2753164T3 (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2020-04-07 | Befesa Aluminio S L | Aluminum alloy for casting |
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| JP6852146B2 (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2021-03-31 | 株式会社大紀アルミニウム工業所 | Aluminum alloy for die casting and aluminum alloy die casting using this |
| JP6267408B1 (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2018-01-24 | 株式会社大紀アルミニウム工業所 | Aluminum alloy and aluminum alloy castings |
| JP6943968B2 (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2021-10-06 | アイシン軽金属株式会社 | Aluminum alloy for die casting and functional parts using it |
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| CN107858565A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-03-30 | 浙江诺达信汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of aluminium diecasting alloy material of high-strength and high-ductility |
| JP7147647B2 (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2022-10-05 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Aluminum alloy and aluminum alloy die-cast material |
| CN110629079A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-31 | 江苏铭利达科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material for new energy automobile |
| CN112795820A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-05-14 | 晟通科技集团有限公司 | Aluminum alloy template die-casting material for buildings |
| CA3172052A1 (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2021-12-09 | Xinyan Yan | Al-si-fe casting alloys |
| CN113549791A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-10-26 | 山东弗泽瑞金属科技有限公司 | High heat conduction aluminum alloy manufacturing installation for die-casting |
| JP2022072574A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-05-17 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Aluminum alloy for automobile wheel and automobile wheel |
| WO2023167312A1 (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2023-09-07 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Al-si alloy for casting, al-si alloy casting and al-si alloy casting joint |
| CN116657005B (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-12-12 | 保定市立中车轮制造有限公司 | Regenerated aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
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