JP5887844B2 - Compressor dismantling apparatus and disassembling method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to dismantling of compressors such as discarded room air conditioners, refrigerators, and dehumidifiers, and in particular, a dismantling apparatus and dismantling for collecting magnets and the like built in a rotor of a motor used in the compressor It is about the method.

  Conventionally, when disposing of household appliances such as discarded room air conditioners, refrigerators, dehumidifiers, etc., after collecting the refrigerant freon in the refrigerant circuit, main parts are manually removed, crushed and sorted, metal, plastic, etc. Is recovered. As for the compressor, it is taken out from the product and melted in an electric furnace or crushed by a crusher (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2). Alternatively, since the compressor is made of a useful metal such as iron or copper, it is handed over to a material recovery company or the like.

JP 2001-313210 A (Claim 1, FIG. 10) JP 2001-110636 A (Claim 1, FIG. 1)

  In recent years, the demand for metal materials possessed by motors used in these compressors has increased rapidly. The motors used in compressors such as room air conditioners, refrigerators, dehumidifiers, etc., mainly use magnet-embedded rotors, which are made of brass rotor weights for balancing during rotation, It consists of an electromagnetic steel plate and a magnet. Brass is a valuable metal resource that contains copper and zinc, and electrical steel sheets have low iron loss. Mainly generators in power stations, transformers in substations, motors and notebook PCs for household refrigerators, hybrid cars, etc. It is widely used in the iron cores of precision motors for IT equipment, etc., and the range of use is further expanded. In addition, the magnet can be used for various products by regenerating to a new magnet.

  Since these metal materials are more pure and more valuable when recovered in their original form, treatment by crushing that is confused with other metal materials, such as the processing methods of the compressors of Patent Documents 1 and 2 above, It was unsuitable. However, since the rotor of the motor is fixed with a plurality of rivets so that it can withstand high-speed rotation drive and is firmly fixed to the rotating shaft by shrink-fitting or the like, these parts are disassembled without being damaged. It was difficult.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and valuable resources such as magnets included in motors used in compressors such as room air conditioners, refrigerators, and dehumidifiers are used as other materials. An object of the present invention is to provide a compressor disassembling apparatus and a disassembling method that can be recovered in units of parts without confusion.

A compressor disassembling apparatus according to the present invention includes a cutting unit that cuts and removes an outer shell of a compressor with a built-in motor, and a compressor from which the outer shell has been removed by the cutting unit, and is joined to the rotor of the motor. and a punching unit for removing the rotation shaft from the rotor, and holding the rotor rotational shaft is removed by the punching unit, a de-magnetized portion which the magnet in the rotor is demagnetized, the rotor which is demagnetized treated with demineralized magnet part And a dismantling part for separating the electromagnetic steel sheet and the rotor weight by cutting a rivet that fixes the electromagnetic steel sheet and the rotor weight of the rotor, and the dismantling part is attached to the rotating shaft of the rotor A holding base for inserting the protrusion into the formed opening and holding the rotor, and a pressing blade provided on the side of the rotor held by the holding base and sliding toward the rotor are provided.

  According to the present invention, a cutting portion for removing the outer shell of the compressor, a punching portion for removing the rotating shaft from the rotor, a demagnetizing portion for demagnetizing the magnet in the rotor, and a dismantling portion for cutting the rivet for fixing the rotor. By disassembling the compressor, valuable resources such as magnets contained in the rotor can be recovered in parts without being confused with other materials. Also, by disassembling the rotor in a single product state, the object to be disassembled becomes smaller than when disassembling the rotor attached to the compressor, and thus the apparatus can be made compact.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the structure of compressors, such as a room air conditioner, a refrigerator, a dehumidifier processed by the demolition apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, Fig.1 (a) is a side view of a compressor, FIG. b) is a side view of a state where the compressor is disassembled. It is sectional drawing of the rotor of the motor used for the compressor of FIG. 1, Fig.2 (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, FIG.2 (b) is a cross-sectional view. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the dismantling apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure explaining the structure of the cutting device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure explaining the structure of the cutting device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure explaining the structure of the punching apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure explaining the structure of the demagnetizing device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure explaining the structure of the demagnetizing device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure explaining the structure of the demagnetizing device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure explaining the structure of the dismantling apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the electromagnetic steel plate of the rotor processed with the dismantling apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
First, in describing an embodiment of the present invention, a compressor such as a room air conditioner, a refrigerator, and a dehumidifier processed by the disassembling apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a compressor such as a room air conditioner, a refrigerator, and a dehumidifier processed by the dismantling apparatus according to Embodiment 1, and FIG. 1 (a) is a side view of the compressor, and FIG. b) is a side view of a state where the compressor is disassembled. In addition, although the rotary type compressor is shown in FIG. 1 as an example of a compressor, it is not limited to this compressor.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the compressor 100 is connected to a metal hermetic shell portion 101 that forms an outline of the compressor 100, a side surface of the shell portion 101, and a pipe through which a liquid refrigerant and a gas refrigerant are supplied. A muffler portion 102 that separates and supplies gas refrigerant into the shell portion 101 is provided. In the shell portion 101, a compression chamber 103 in which the gas refrigerant is compressed and a motor 104 that drives the compression chamber 103 are provided. The motor 104 includes a shaft 105 that is rotatably connected to the compression chamber 103, a donut-shaped stator 106 to which a copper wire is attached, and a rotor 107 that is provided inside the stator 106 and is shrink-fitted to the shaft 105. It consists of and. FIG. 1B shows a state where the stator 106 is removed from the rotor 107.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor 107, FIG. 2 (a) is a vertical cross-sectional view, and FIG. 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 107 has a rectangular shape that is housed in a magnetic steel sheet 108 in which a plurality of disk-shaped thin steel members are stacked, and a storage portion provided in the stacked electromagnetic steel sheets 108. Magnet 109, rotor weights 110a and 110b attached to the upper and lower surfaces of electromagnetic steel sheet 108, and rivets 111 that are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction and fix electromagnetic steel sheet 108 and rotor weights 110a and 110b. It has.

  A hole 112 into which the shaft 105 of the motor 104 is inserted is formed at the center of the electromagnetic steel plate 108 and the rotor weights 110a and 110b. The magnet 109 is provided in such a direction that the widest surface of the magnet 109 is substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rotor 107. Six magnets 109 are provided so as to surround the hole 112 into which the shaft 105 is inserted.

  FIG. 2B shows the rotor 107 in which the magnets 109 are annularly provided along the outer peripheral surface of the electromagnetic steel plate 108, but the magnets 109 radiate from the center of the electromagnetic steel plate 108 toward the outer peripheral surface. There is also a rotor arranged in FIG. 2B shows the rotor 107 fixed with four rivets 111, but there is also a rotor fixed with three rivets 111. In the disassembling apparatus according to the first embodiment, it is possible to process rotors having different arrangements of the magnets 109, the number of rivets 111, and the like, and disassembling in the same manner as the rotor 107 shown in FIG.

The disassembly apparatus according to Embodiment 1 for processing the compressor 100 including the rotor 107 described above will be described below.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of the dismantling apparatus according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the dismantling device 1 includes a cutting device 10 that cuts and removes the shell portion 101 and the muffler portion 102 of the compressor 100, and a punching device that removes the shaft 105 from the rotor 107 and makes the rotor 107 a single item. 20, a demagnetizing device 30 for demagnetizing the rotor 107 as a single product, and a disassembling device 40 for cutting the rivet 111 of the rotor 107 and disassembling the rotor 107.

  Hereinafter, the cutting device 10, the punching device 20, the demagnetizing device 30, and the dismantling device 40 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 are diagrams illustrating the configuration of the cutting device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the punching device according to the first embodiment. 7-9 is a figure explaining the structure of the demagnetizing apparatus based on Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the dismantling apparatus according to the first embodiment.

  The compressor 100 taken out in advance from the product main body such as a room air conditioner, a refrigerator, and a dehumidifier is sent to the cutting device 10 by a conveyor or the like. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the cutting device 10 cuts the pipe connecting the muffler portion 102 and the shell portion 101, and removes the muffler portion 102. The muffler portion removing device 10 a and the muffler portion 102 are removed. And a shell portion removing device 10b for cutting and removing the shell portion 101 of the compressor. Note that the compressor 100 may be sent to the cutting device 10 manually by an operator or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the muffler part removing device 10 a includes a base 11 on which the compressor 100 is placed, an arm part 12 that extends from the base 11 to above the compressor 100, and a tip part of the arm part 12. The provided cutter 13 and the drive mechanism 14 which slides the cutter 13 up and down are provided.

  First, the compressor 100 is carried by driving a conveyor (not shown), and is placed at a position where a pipe connecting the muffler part 102 and the shell part 101 is directly below the cutter 13. Then, the driving mechanism 14 is driven, the cutter 13 is slid downward, and the cutter 13 is pressed from above the piping to cut the piping. Although FIG. 4 shows that the cutter 13 is slid by the drive mechanism 14, the operator may slide the cutter 13 by pulling a lever or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the shell removing device 10 b includes a rotating table 15 on which the compressor 100 a from which the muffler unit 102 has been removed is placed, a motor unit 16 that rotates the rotating table 15, and two cutters 17. And an arm part 18 provided to be movable toward the turntable 15 and a drive mechanism 19 for moving the arm part 18.

  First, the compressor 100a is placed on the turntable 15 by driving a conveyor (not shown). And the motor 16 is driven, the turntable 15 is rotated, and the compressor 100a is rotated. Then, the actuator 19 is driven and the arm part 18 is moved to the compressor 100a side. Then, the two cutters 17 are pressed against the upper portion and the lower portion of the side surface of the shell portion 101 of the compressor 100a, respectively, and the entire circumference of the shell portion 101 is cut by rotating the compressor 100a. The cut shell portion 101 is removed, and the compressor 100a is in a state where the compression chamber 103 and the motor 104 are exposed.

  In this manner, the shell 104 and the muffler 102 are first removed by the cutting device 10 so that the motor 104 and the like in the compressor 100 are exposed, so that the rotor 107 can be easily taken out from the compressor 100. Further, since the compression chamber 103 in the compressor 100 is exposed by removing the shell portion 101, much of the lubricating oil accumulated in the compression chamber 103 can be taken out by turning the compressor upside down. It is possible to prevent oil dripping and the like in the subsequent process. Furthermore, by removing the shell portion 101 and the like, the object to be processed can be reduced, and the apparatus for the subsequent process can be reduced in size.

  The shell part 101 and the muffler part 102 removed by the cutting device 10 are collected as iron-based metal and processed separately. At this time, the stator 106 of the motor 104 is also removed, the copper wire attached to the stator 106 is recovered as a copper-based metal, and the portion other than the copper wire is recovered as an iron-based metal and processed separately.

  Note that the compressor from which the muffler unit 102 has been removed in advance may be sent to the cutting device 10, and in that case, the muffler removing means becomes unnecessary, and the cutting device 10 can be downsized.

  The semi-disassembled compressor from which the shell portion 101 and the like have been removed by the cutting device 10 is then sent to the punching device 20 by a conveyor or the like. Note that the semi-disassembled compressor may be sent to the punching device 20 manually by an operator or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the punching device 20 is provided on the side of the table 21 on which the semi-disassembled compressor 100b is mounted and the compressor 100b mounted on the table 21, and is not shown in the drawing. A pair of plate-like rotor pedestals 22 slid in the horizontal direction by the mechanism, a push bar 23 provided above the shaft 105 of the compressor 100 b supported by the rotor pedestal 22, and the push bar 23 A hydraulic press cylinder 24 that applies a load downward and pushes the push bar 23 downward until the shaft 105 is disengaged from the rotor 107 is provided.

  The pair of rotor pedestals 22 are provided at positions facing each other, and are slid toward the compressor 100b placed on the pedestal 21, respectively. The push rod 23 is provided on the axis of the shaft 105, and the lower end surface of the push rod 23 comes into contact with the upper end surface of the shaft 105 when the push rod 23 is moved downward. The push rod 23 has the same width as the outer diameter of the shaft 105 or a width smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft 105. The rotor pedestal 22 and the push rod 23 are made of a nonmagnetic material that does not affect the magnetic force of the magnet 109 in the rotor 107.

  By supporting the rotor 107 with the pair of rotor pedestals 22, the rotor 105 can be supported so as to sandwich the shaft 105, and the rotor 107 with the shaft 105 attached thereto can be stably supported. Further, by making the outer diameter of the push rod 23 smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft 105, the push rod 23 can be inserted into the hole 112 of the rotor 107, so that the shaft 105 can be completely removed from the rotor 107. The push rod 23 can be pushed in.

  First, the compressor 100b is placed at the center of the table 21 by driving a conveyor (not shown). Then, the rotor pedestal 22 is slid toward the compressor 100 b by driving a drive mechanism (not shown), and the leading end of the rotor pedestal 22 is inserted into the gap between the rotor 107 and the compression chamber 103. Thereafter, the table 21 is lowered, and the lower surface of the rotor 107 is received by the upper surface of the rotor receiving table 22 to support the rotor 107. It is also possible to support the rotor 107 by sandwiching the compressor 100b with an arm or the like and moving the compressor 100b upward and then inserting the rotor receiving base 22 into the gap between the rotor 107 and the compression chamber 103.

  When the support of the compressor 100 b is completed by the rotor pedestal 22, the push rod 23 is moved downward by the press cylinder 24, and the lower end surface of the push rod 23 is applied to the upper end surface of the shaft 105. Then, the push cylinder 23 is further pushed downward by the press cylinder 24 with a load of, for example, 2 tons. The shaft 105 to which the load is applied is gradually lowered, the shaft 105 is detached from the rotor 107, and the shaft 105 and the compression chamber 103 are dropped downward. The shaft 105 and the compression chamber 103 removed from the rotor 107 are recovered as ferrous metal and processed separately.

  In this way, by making the rotor 107 as a single item by the punching device 20, the object to be processed in the subsequent process is significantly reduced compared to the state in which the shaft 105 and the compression chamber 103 are attached. It becomes possible to make it small. Further, by removing the compression chamber 103 to which a large amount of lubricating oil is attached, oil dripping or the like does not occur in a subsequent process, so that oil contamination or failure of the apparatus can be prevented. Furthermore, the rotor 107 can be easily disassembled in a subsequent process by removing the shaft 105 that is shrink-fitted to the rotor 107.

  The rotor 107, which is a single product by the punching device 20, is then clamped by an arm or the like and sent to the demagnetizing device 30. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the demagnetizer 30 is provided with a pin 31 a having substantially the same outer diameter as the hole 112 of the rotor 107, and the pin 31 a is inserted into the hole 112 of the rotor 107 to support the rotor 107. A support base 31 and an alternating attenuation magnetic field demagnetizing coil 32 that generates an alternating attenuation magnetic field and demagnetizes the magnet 109 of the rotor 107 are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 7, first, the rotor 107 held between the arms 200 is carried above the support base 31. Then, the pin 31 a of the support base 31 is inserted into the hole 112 in the center of the rotor 107 to support the rotor 107. At this time, since the hole 112 of the rotor 107 is provided at the center of the rotor 107, the center of the pin 31 a of the support base 31 is located at the center of the rotor 107. When the support of the rotor 107 is completed, the arm 200 is removed from the rotor 107, and the rotor placed on the support base 31 is sent to the alternating attenuation magnetic field demagnetizing coil 32. The support 31 is made of a nonmagnetic material that does not affect the magnetic force of the magnet 109 in the rotor 107.

  Thus, by making the rotor 107 as a single product, the pin 31a can be inserted into the hole 112 of the rotor 107, the rotor 107 can be easily supported, and the center of the rotor 107 is centered on the pin 31a. Therefore, the demagnetization process in the next process can be performed efficiently.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the rotor 107 sent to the alternating attenuation magnetic field demagnetizing coil 32 is inserted inside the donut-shaped alternating attenuation magnetic field demagnetizing coil 32. Then, by applying a voltage to the alternating attenuation magnetic field demagnetizing coil 32, an alternating attenuation magnetic field A is generated as shown by an arrow in FIG. In addition, there is no concern about the fuming of the lubricating oil at room temperature demagnetization with an alternating decay magnetic field.

  Since the center of the rotor 107 can be recognized by the support base 31, the support base 31 is moved so that the center of the pin 31a of the support base 31 and the center of the alternating attenuation magnetic field demagnetizing coil 32 coincide with each other. The rotor 107 can be arranged at the center inside the alternating damped magnetic field demagnetizing coil 32 by being inserted inside the alternating damped magnetic field demagnetizing coil 32. Since the alternating attenuation magnetic field A is uniformly applied to the entire rotor 107 in the rotor 107 disposed in the center of the alternating attenuation magnetic field demagnetizing coil 32, the magnet 109 can be efficiently demagnetized.

  Further, by arranging the rotor 107 vertically in the center of the alternating attenuation magnetic field demagnetizing coil 32, the longitudinal direction of the magnet 109 becomes parallel to the direction of the alternating attenuation magnetic field A. Thus, by arranging the rotor 107 vertically, the alternating attenuation magnetic field A is equally applied in the longitudinal direction of the magnet 109, so that all the magnets 109 can be demagnetized without moving the rotor 107.

  Note that the strength of the alternating attenuation magnetic field A is set to an appropriate value according to the grade and the number of poles of the magnet 109. If the value is appropriate, the magnetic 109 is removed by applying an alternating attenuation magnetic field once or twice. Magnetism can be performed. Further, when performing demagnetization with an alternating attenuation magnetic field, the rotor 107 disposed in the alternating attenuation magnetic field A may vibrate under the influence of the alternating attenuation magnetic field A. A cover for preventing the rotor 107 from popping out is provided above the magnetic coil 32.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 9, demagnetization may be performed by placing the rotor 107 horizontally in the alternating attenuation magnetic field demagnetizing coil 32. By arranging the rotor 107 horizontally, the longitudinal direction of the magnet 109 becomes substantially perpendicular to the direction of the alternating attenuation magnetic field A, and the alternating attenuation magnetic field A is orthogonal to the widest surface of the magnet 109. The attenuation magnetic field A easily acts on the magnet 109, and the efficiency of demagnetization can be increased.

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 2B, since a plurality of magnets 109 are annularly provided in the rotor 107, a mechanism for rotating the rotor 107 in the circumferential direction is provided, and the most By making the alternating attenuation magnetic field A orthogonal to the wide surface, it becomes possible to perform demagnetization more efficiently. In addition, since the demagnetization efficiency is better than in the case of vertical installation, a low-capacity power source with a small strength of the alternating attenuation magnetic field A is sufficient, and the demagnetization device can be inexpensive. For example, in the case of a rotor using a rare earth magnet for a room air conditioner, a magnetic flux density of 4 Tesla or more is required, but in the case of horizontal installation, demagnetization is possible at a maximum of 4 Tesla.

  As a demagnetizing means, demagnetization by high frequency induction heating using a high frequency induction heating coil instead of the alternating decay magnetic field demagnetization coil 32 may be performed. The rotor 107 is supported by the support base 31 as in the case of the alternating attenuation magnetic field demagnetizing coil 32. When the magnet 109 is provided in an annular shape along the outer peripheral surface of the electromagnetic steel plate 108 as in the rotor 107 shown in FIG. 2B, when the surface of the electromagnetic steel plate 108 is heated to red heat, The surface portion of the electromagnetic steel sheet 108 on the outside is burned out and the magnet 109 is exposed. As described above, in the case of demagnetization by high frequency induction heating, the magnet 109 can be demagnetized and taken out at a time, and the working time can be shortened.

  In addition, when demagnetization is performed by high frequency induction heating, a separate smoke treatment device is required because the lubricating oil is smoked by heating. However, the rotor 107 is made a single product by the punching device 20, so that the compressor in a semi-demolition state Compared with 100b, the amount of lubricating oil attached is small and the amount of smoke generated is also small. Therefore, it is possible to cope with a small and inexpensive smoke processing equipment, and the cost can be reduced.

  The rotor 107 from which the magnet 109 has been demagnetized by the demagnetizer 30 is then sandwiched by an arm or the like and sent to the dismantling apparatus 40. As shown in FIG. 10, the disassembling apparatus 40 is provided on a base 41, a holding base 42 having a pin 42 a having substantially the same outer diameter as the hole 112 of the rotor 107, and an arm portion 43 extending upward from the base 41. And a pressing blade 44 provided on the arm portion 43 so as to be movable in the vertical direction and slidable in the horizontal direction, and a drive mechanism 45 for moving the pressing blade 44.

  Two press cutting blades 44 are provided, and are provided in directions facing each other so as to slide toward the central portion on which the rotor 107 is placed. In FIG. 10, a part of the left pressing blade 44 is omitted, but it is provided on the arm portion in the same manner as the right pressing blade 44.

  First, the rotor 107 sent to the dismantling apparatus 40 is sent to the holding table 42, and the pin 42 a of the holding table 42 is inserted into the hole 112 of the rotor 107. Then, the rotor 107 held by the holding table 42 is placed at the center of the two pressing blades 44. Thereafter, the position of the rivet 111 is detected by a sensor (not shown), and the drive mechanism 45 moves the pressing blade 44 in the vertical direction based on the detected position, so that the blade tip portion of the pressing blade 44 contacts the rivet 111. The pressing blade 44 is set. Then, the two pressing blades 44 are quickly slid toward the rotor 107 simultaneously by the driving mechanism 45 to cut the rivet 111.

  Thus, by cutting the rivet 111 with a pair of opposing pressing blades 44, the rotor 107 can be disassembled into parts. The pair of pressing blades 44 are arranged at positions facing each other, and simultaneously slid toward the rotor 107 to cut the rivet 111, so that the impact at the time of cutting can be canceled out. The impact transmitted to 109 can be minimized. By suppressing the impact at the time of cutting, deformation of the accommodating portion of the magnet 109 in the electromagnetic steel sheet 108 can be suppressed, so that the magnet 109 can be easily taken out in a subsequent process.

  Further, by holding the rotor 107 in a state where the lower side of the rotor 107 is supported by the holding base 42 and the side and upper side of the rotor 107 are opened, an impact generated when the rivet 111 is cut is applied to the rotor 107 side. It is possible to prevent the electromagnetic steel plate 108, the magnet 109, and the rotor weights 110a and 110b from being deformed or damaged.

  Here, a boundary portion between the rotor weight 110a and the electromagnetic steel plate 108 is detected by a sensor (not shown), the pressing blade 44 is set at a position where the tip of the pressing blade 44 hits this boundary portion, and the rivet 111 is cut. You may do it. In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, the pressing blade 44 enters the boundary portion between the rotor weight 110a and the electromagnetic steel sheet 108, and the rivet 111 is cut so as to separate the rotor weight 110a from the electromagnetic steel sheet 108. The deformation and breakage of the rotor weight 110a and the electromagnetic steel plate 108 due to the contact of 44 can be minimized, and each part can be disassembled while maintaining the original shape.

  Further, since the removed rotor weight 110a may jump upward due to an impact at the time of cutting, by providing a cover 46 for preventing scattering of the rotor weight 110a above the dismantling device 40 as shown in FIG. The scattering of the rotor weight 110a can be prevented, and safety can be ensured. This cover 46 is made of a transparent material in which acrylic or the like can be seen, so that the dismantling status can be confirmed. The removed rotor weight 110a is recovered as a brass material and processed separately.

  When the rivet 111 is cut with, for example, a disk-shaped cutter instead of the press cutting blade 44, it is necessary to consider the life of the teeth, which may increase the running cost. Further, when the head of the rivet 111 is polished with a grinder or the like, the removal time becomes long and the time efficiency may be greatly deteriorated. Therefore, the cutting of the rivet 111 with the pressing blade 44 shown in FIG. 10 is optimal.

  Here, the case of a rotor fixed with three rivets will be described. When a rivet is cut with two pressing blades for a rotor fixed with three rivets, one rivet is cut with one pressing blade and two rivets are cut with the other cutting blade. There is a possibility that the impact at the time will be different for each press cutting blade and the impact cannot be fully canceled. In this case, if three cutting blades corresponding to each rivet are provided and the three pressing blades are simultaneously slid toward the rotor to cut the rivet, the impact at the time of cutting can be suppressed.

  Since the number of rivets on the rotor is generally four or three, the number of rivets is detected in advance using an image sensor, etc., and the position of the press cutting blade and the orientation of the rotor are appropriately determined according to the detection result. If set to, the rivet of each rotor can be optimally cut. In addition, by patterning the shape of the rotor and storing it in the apparatus, it is possible to deal with a rotor having rivets other than these two types.

  In FIG. 10, the rotor 107 is placed vertically and the pressing blade 44 is slid from the left and right directions of the rotor 107 to cut the rivet 111 to remove the rotor weight 110a. However, the rotor 107 is held sideways. A holding base may be provided, and the rivet 111 may be cut by sliding the pressing blade 44 from the up and down direction of the rotor 107 which is turned sideways, and the rotor weight 110a may be removed. In that case, since the removed rotor weight 110a falls downward, the rotor weight 110a can be dropped to a predetermined position, so that collection is facilitated and workability can be improved.

  The rotor 107 from which the rivet 111 has been cut by the dismantling device 40 is then carried out of the dismantling device 1. As for the rotor 107 carried out from the dismantling apparatus 1, the magnet 109 is taken out from the inside of the electromagnetic steel plate. The magnet 109 can be easily taken out by applying vibration by turning the rotor 107 upside down. If the electromagnetic steel plate 108 is slightly deformed and the magnet 109 is caught by the electromagnetic steel plate 108, it can be easily taken out by inserting a long jig or the like into the accommodating portion of the magnet 109 and pushing it out. The rotor 107 from which the magnet 109 has been taken out is disassembled for each part and collected for each material.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a magnetic steel sheet of a rotor processed by the disassembling apparatus according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 11, the electromagnetic steel plate 108 of the rotor 107 is formed by stacking a plurality of thin plate-like members and fixed by a caulking portion 113. The caulking part 113 is caulking and fixing all members from the uppermost part to the lowermost part of the electromagnetic steel sheet 108. As described above, since the magnetic steel sheet 108 is integrally fixed by the caulking portion 113, the original shape can be recovered even after the magnet 109 is taken out. Can be sold as.

  As described above, the disassembling apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment disassembles the compressor 100 in the order of the cutting apparatus 10, the punching apparatus 20, the demagnetizing apparatus 30, and the disassembling apparatus 40. By disassembling in this order, valuable resources such as the magnet 109 included in the motor 104 of the compressor 100 can be efficiently recovered without being confused with other materials.

  Specifically, by first exposing the motor 104 and the like of the compressor 100 with the cutting device 10, the stator 106 of the motor 104 can be removed, and the process of removing the shaft 105 with the next punching device 20 is performed. It becomes possible. Next, the shaft 105 and the compression chamber 103 are removed from the rotor 107 by the punching device 20, so that the rotor 107 having a valuable resource such as the magnet 109 is made into a single item and efficiently removed by the next demagnetizing device 30. Magnetic treatment can be performed. Next, by demagnetizing the magnet 109 of the rotor 107 with the demagnetizing device 30, the rotor 107 can be disassembled without being influenced by the magnetic force of the magnet 109 with the final disassembling device 40.

  If the demagnetization process is performed with the shaft 105 and the compression chamber 103 attached, the demagnetization process is larger and heavier than that of the single rotor 107, and the lubricant is attached to the compression chamber 103. Difficult to work, there is a risk of deterioration. Further, if the shaft 105 at the portion protruding from the rotor 107 is cut without removing the shaft 105 and the disassembly is advanced, the object to be processed in the demagnetizer 30 becomes small, but the shaft 105 is baked in the hole 112 of the rotor 107. Due to the fit-joined state, it is difficult to disassemble the rotor 107 even if the rivet 111 is cut by the final disassembly device 40. Further, if the rivet 111 is cut by the disassembling apparatus 40 without demagnetizing the magnet 109, the pressing blade 44 cannot be normally cut by the influence of the magnet 109, and the electromagnetic steel plate 108 or The magnet 109 may be deformed.

  By disassembling the compressor 100 in the order of the cutting device 10, the punching device 20, the demagnetizing device 30, and the disassembling device 40, the compressor 100 can be efficiently disassembled without causing these problems. It is possible to recover valuable resources such as the magnets 109 included in each of the parts without confusion with other materials.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dismantling device, 10 cutting device (cutting part), 13 cutter, 15 turntable, 17 cutter, 20 punching device (punching part), 22 rotor cradle, 23 push rod, 24 press cylinder, 30 demagnetizing device ( Demagnetizing part), 31 support base, 32 alternating attenuation magnetic field demagnetizing coil, 40 dismantling device (dismantling part), 42 holding base, 44 pressing blade, 46 cover, 100 compressor, 101 shell part, 102 muffler part, 103 compression Chamber, 104 Motor, 105 Shaft, 106 Stator, 107 Rotor, 108 Magnetic steel plate, 109 Magnet, 110a, 110b Rotor weight, 111 rivets, 112 holes, 113 Caulking section

Claims (10)

A cutting section for cutting and removing the outer shell of the compressor with a built-in motor;
Place the compressor from which the outer shell has been removed at the cutting part, and a punching part for removing the rotating shaft joined to the rotor of the motor from the rotor;
A demagnetizing section for mounting the rotor from which the rotary shaft is removed at the punching section and demagnetizing a magnet in the rotor;
A demolition unit that holds the rotor demagnetized by the demagnetization unit, cuts a rivet that fixes the electromagnetic steel plate and the rotor weight of the rotor, and separates the electromagnetic steel plate and the rotor weight;
Have
The dismantling part is
A holding base for holding the rotor by inserting a protrusion into the opening portion to which the rotating shaft of the rotor was attached;
A pressing blade provided on a side of the rotor held by the holding table and sliding toward the rotor,
The electromagnetic steel plate and the rotor are cut by sliding the pressing blade at a position where a tip of the pressing blade hits a boundary portion between the rotor weight of the rotor held by the holding table and the electromagnetic steel plate. Separate weights
A compressor disassembly apparatus characterized by the above . A cutting section for cutting and removing the outer shell of the compressor with a built-in motor;
Place the compressor from which the outer shell has been removed at the cutting part, and a punching part for removing the rotating shaft joined to the rotor of the motor from the rotor;
A demagnetizing section for mounting the rotor from which the rotary shaft is removed at the punching section and demagnetizing a magnet in the rotor;
A demolition unit that holds the rotor demagnetized by the demagnetization unit, cuts a rivet that fixes the electromagnetic steel plate and the rotor weight of the rotor, and separates the electromagnetic steel plate and the rotor weight;
Have
The dismantling part is
A holding base for holding the rotor by inserting a protrusion into the opening portion to which the rotating shaft of the rotor was attached;
A pair of pressing blades provided at positions facing each other on the sides of the rotor held by the holding table and sliding simultaneously toward the rotor;
Cutting the rivet by simultaneously sliding the pair of pressing blades at a position where the ends of the pair of pressing blades hit the boundary between the rotor weight of the rotor held by the holding table and the electromagnetic steel sheet; Separate the electromagnetic steel sheet and the rotor weight
A compressor disassembly apparatus characterized by the above. A cutting section for cutting and removing the outer shell of the compressor with a built-in motor;
Place the compressor from which the outer shell has been removed at the cutting part, and a punching part for removing the rotating shaft joined to the rotor of the motor from the rotor;
A demagnetizing section for mounting the rotor from which the rotary shaft is removed at the punching section and demagnetizing a magnet in the rotor;
A demolition unit that holds the rotor demagnetized by the demagnetization unit, cuts a rivet that fixes the electromagnetic steel plate and the rotor weight of the rotor, and separates the electromagnetic steel plate and the rotor weight;
Have
The dismantling part is
A holding base for holding the rotor by inserting a protrusion into the opening portion to which the rotating shaft of the rotor was attached;
Three pressing blades that are provided on the side of the rotor held by the holding table and that are provided at positions corresponding to the rivets and slide simultaneously toward the rotor;
The three pressing blades are simultaneously slid at the position where the tips of the three pressing blades come into contact with the boundary between the rotor weight of the rotor held by the holding table and the electromagnetic steel sheet, and the rivet is cut. An apparatus for disassembling a compressor, wherein the electromagnetic steel sheet and the rotor weight are separated.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pressing blade, the pair of pressing blades, or the three or more pressing blades have a single-edged shape, and a blade back side is positioned on the holding table side. A dismantling apparatus for a compressor according to claim 1. The punched portion is
A pair of rotor cradles provided at positions facing each other on the sides of the rotor, sliding toward the rotor and supporting the lower surface of the rotor;
A push rod provided above the rotating shaft and on the axis of the rotating shaft, and having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft;
A press cylinder that pushes the push rod downward until the rotary shaft is disengaged from the rotor;
5. The compressor disassembly apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the compressor disassembly apparatus is provided. The demagnetization part is
A protrusion inserted into the opening to which the shaft of the rotor is attached; and a support that supports the rotor by inserting the protrusion into the opening and surrounds the rotor supported by the support An alternating attenuation magnetic field demagnetizing coil that generates an alternating attenuation magnetic field and demagnetizes the magnet,
6. The compressor disassembly apparatus according to claim 1, comprising: The compressor disassembly apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the support base supports the rotor in a direction in which a longitudinal direction of the magnet is substantially parallel to a direction of the alternating attenuation magnetic field. The compressor disassembling apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the support base supports the rotor in a direction in which a longitudinal direction of the magnet is substantially perpendicular to a direction of the alternating attenuation magnetic field. The said demagnetization part was provided so that the said rotor might be enclosed, The high frequency induction heating coil which demagnetizes the said magnet by high frequency induction heating was provided , The any one of Claims 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned. The compressor dismantling apparatus described. A cutting step of cutting and removing the outer shell of the compressor with a built-in motor;
After the cutting step, a punching step of removing the rotating shaft joined to the rotor of the motor from the rotor;
A demagnetization step of demagnetizing the magnet in the rotor from which the rotary shaft has been removed after the punching step;
After the demagnetizing step, a disassembling step of separating the electromagnetic steel plate and the rotor weight by cutting a rivet that fixes the electromagnetic steel plate and the rotor weight of the rotor at a boundary portion between the electromagnetic steel plate and the rotor weight. When,
Dismantling method of a compressor provided with

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