JP5877636B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pulverizer for pulverizing an object to be pulverized.

  In order to solve problems such as environmental pollution and an increase in industrial waste, the formation of a recycling society has become increasingly important. For example, in a molding plant that manufactures molded products or molded parts using synthetic resins typified by plastics, unnecessary parts called sprue runners or molding defects that occur during molding are collected to reuse the resources of resin materials. It is done to improve the rate.

  For recycling the resin material, the collected sprue runner (object to be crushed) is pulverized into a predetermined size by a pulverizer and used as a recycling resource. In order to make the sprue runner input from the input hopper easily bite into the small rotary blade (crushing blade), such a pulverizer is first roughly crushed with a large rotary blade (coarse blade), and the coarsely crushed material is reduced to a small rotary blade. And pulverized into a pulverized material having a predetermined grain shape. Compared with a two-shaft crusher in which a large rotating blade and a small rotating blade are fixed to separate rotating shafts, a single-shaft crusher in which a small rotating blade and a large rotating blade are fixed to one rotating shaft is rotating. Since there are few drive parts to drive the shaft and the structure is simple, it is used in many offices aiming for recycling in the factory. Such a single-shaft pulverizer (cutting machine) is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.

  FIG. 7 is an external view showing an example of a sprue runner. As shown in FIG. 7, the sprue runner has a peculiar shape in which rod-shaped pieces intersect in the vertical and horizontal height directions. The example of FIG. 7 is an example, and the shape of the sprue runner has various appearance shapes depending on the molded product or the like. The external dimensions of the sprue runner can be specified by a length L, a width W, and a height H as shown in FIG.

JP 2006-116545 A

  A loading hopper for loading a sprue runner is attached to the upper side of the casing of the conventional crusher, and the sprue runner is thrown into the crushing chamber enclosed by the crusher casing and fed from the charging hopper inlet. To do. However, as shown in FIG. 7, since the sprue runner has a unique appearance, depending on the posture at the time of dropping, the sprue runner may not stay on the rotary blade (particularly the large rotary blade) and may remain in the grinding chamber without being crushed. is there.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing an example of a state in which the sprue runner stops in the grinding chamber. A rotating shaft 25 is placed horizontally in a housing having an opening that is open up and down. A plurality of small rotary blades 6 and a plurality of large rotary blades 4 are alternately fitted on the rotary shaft 25. Inside the housing, there are provided a fixed blade 7 that engages with the rotary blades 4 and 6 to pulverize the sprue runner, a scraper 5 for scraping the pulverized pulverized material downward, and the like. In the example of FIG. 8, the sprue runner 101 that has fallen into the crushing chamber 90 falls between the casing and the large rotary blade 4 and stops in a posture that straddles between the fixed blade 7 and the scraper 5. And a state in which neither of the small rotary blades 6 is engaged. Such a state is likely to occur when the length dimension L of the sprue runner 101 is relatively long and the width dimension W and the height dimension H are relatively short.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing another example of the state in which the sprue runner stops in the crushing chamber. A rotating shaft 25 is placed horizontally in a housing having an opening that is open up and down. A plurality of small rotary blades 6 and a plurality of large rotary blades 4 are alternately fitted on the rotary shaft 25. Inside the housing, there are provided a fixed blade 7 that engages with the rotary blades 4 and 6 to pulverize the sprue runner, a scraper 5 for scraping the pulverized pulverized material downward, and the like. The example of FIG. 9 shows a state in which the sprue runner 101 that has fallen into the crushing chamber 90 stops in a posture that straddles the large rotary blade 4 and does not engage with either the large rotary blade 4 or the small rotary blade 6. Such a state is likely to occur when the length dimension L, the width dimension W, and the height dimension H of the sprue runner 101 are relatively long.

  When a state in which the sprue runner is stopped as illustrated in FIG. 8 or FIG. 9 occurs, the next sprue runner that is thrown in from the charging hopper is piled up on the stopped sprue runner and the sprue runner overflows without being crushed. A condition sometimes occurred. When this situation occurs during unattended operation such as nighttime or automatic operation without an operator, the pulverized material pulverized by the pulverizer is not supplied to the molding machine, and the production line is stopped. There was a possibility of falling.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizer capable of reliably pulverizing the object to be pulverized without causing the object to be pulverized to hang on a large rotary blade. And

A pulverizer according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a casing having an opening on the upper side, a charging hopper placed on the casing for inputting an object to be pulverized, and a rotary shaft placed horizontally in the casing. In the pulverizer comprising: an attached rotary blade; and a fixed blade disposed in the casing and engaged with the rotary blade, wherein the rotary blade is pulverized by the cooperation of the rotary blade and the fixed blade. Comprises a small rotary blade facing one end side of the rotating shaft and facing the inner wall of the housing, and a large rotary blade disposed opposite the wall with the small rotary blade in between, An inclined plate that is inclined downward from the one end side to the other end side of the rotary shaft so as to cover the wall portion side of the small rotary blade above the one end side of the shaft and fixed to the charging hopper. further comprising the length along from one end side in the axial direction of the rotation axis of the inclined plate is the small dose Wherein the shorter than the length of the rotation axis direction of the blade.

Milling machine according to the second invention, Oite the first shot bright, the hopper is provided with a guide plate which is inclined for guiding the object to be crushed in the opening, the inclined plate, the guide plate It arrange | positions at the lower end side, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

The pulverizer according to a third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the second aspect , the inclined plate is provided with an inclination substantially equal to the inclination of the guide plate.

A pulverizer according to a fourth aspect of the present invention includes the adjusting unit according to any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention, which adjusts the length along the axial direction from the one end side of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate. It is characterized by.

A pulverizer according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the pulverizer according to the fourth aspect , wherein a part of the inclined plate is arranged so as to overlap with an inclined guide plate for guiding an object to be crushed in the charging hopper to the opening. And the adjusting portion includes a long hole formed in at least one of the inclined plate or the guide plate, a bolt inserted through the long hole to fasten the inclined plate and the guide plate, and the bolt A nut that is screwed, and is configured to adjust the length along the axial direction from the one end side of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate by changing the insertion position of the bolt. To do.

  In the first invention, the rotary blade includes a small rotary blade arranged on one end side of the rotary shaft, and a large rotary blade arranged adjacent to the small rotary blade. A small rotary blade (grinding blade) is arranged on one end side of the rotary shaft placed horizontally in the housing, that is, inside the housing where the rotary shaft is placed horizontally. A crushing blade) is arranged. In addition, the small rotary blade and the large rotary blade are alternately arranged adjacent to the large rotary blade. That is, the rotary shaft is provided with a plurality of small rotary blades (for example, three) and large rotary blades (for example, two). And the inclination board which inclined below toward the other end side from the one end side of the rotating shaft is provided so that a part of opening part of a housing | casing may be covered above the one end side of a rotating shaft.

  By providing an inclined plate that is inclined downward from one end side to the other end side of the rotating shaft, the object to be crushed (sprung runner) that has been dropped into the feeding hopper does not fall near the inner edge of the casing. Because it falls close to the large rotating blade after approaching the large rotating blade, the object to be crushed can be dropped so as to hang on the large rotating blade, and the object to be crushed stays in the pulverizing chamber without being caught on the rotating blade. Can be prevented, and can be reliably pulverized.

Moreover , the length along the axial direction from one end side of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate is shorter than the length dimension of the small rotating blade in the rotating shaft direction. The length along the axial direction from the one end side of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate is an apparent length in the axial direction (that is, the horizontal direction) of the rotating shaft from the inner surface of the casing of the inclined plate disposed at an inclination. For example, when the length of the inclined plate extending in the direction of the rotation axis from the inner side surface of the housing is B and the inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction (lateral direction) of the inclined plate is θ, the axial direction extends from one end of the rotation axis of the inclined plate along the axial direction. The length A can be obtained by A = B × cos θ. When the length dimension of the small rotary blade in the rotation axis direction is D, A <D. When A> D, there is a possibility that the object to be crushed that has been dropped into the charging hopper does not hit the large rotating blade beyond the position of the large rotating blade. By setting A <D, it is possible to drop the object to be crushed so as to be applied to the large rotating blade, and to prevent the object to be pulverized from staying in the pulverizing chamber without being caught by the rotating blade. Can be crushed. In addition, the length A along the axial direction from one end side of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate does not need to be uniquely determined. If A <D, the length and shape of the object to be crushed can be determined. Accordingly, it can be set as appropriate so that the object to be crushed falls on the large rotary blade. For example, when the size of the object to be pulverized is relatively small, the length A can be determined so that the dimension (D-A) becomes small. Conversely, when the dimension of the object to be pulverized is relatively large, The length A can be determined so that the dimension (DA) is increased.

In the second invention, the charging hopper includes an inclined guide plate for guiding the object to be crushed to the opening of the housing, and the inclined plate is disposed on the lower end side of the guide plate. Since the inclined plate is arranged on the lower end side of the inclined guide plate of the charging hopper, compared to the case where the inclined plate is not provided, the object to be crushed that has been introduced into the charging hopper and dropped along the guiding plate is inclined plate. Thus, it can be dropped toward the large rotary blade, it can be easily applied to the large rotary blade, and it can be prevented that the object to be crushed remains on the rotary blade without stopping.

In the third invention, the inclined plate is provided so as to be inclined at an inclination substantially equal to the inclination of the guide plate. When the inclined plate is inclined at an inclination angle larger than the inclination of the guide plate (inclined downward), the apparent length of the inclined plate (in the axial direction from one end side of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate) (Length) cannot be secured sufficiently. Further, when the inclined plate is inclined at an inclination angle smaller than the inclination of the guide plate (closer to the horizontal direction), the object to be crushed may stay on the inclined plate. By providing the inclined plate with an inclination substantially equal to the inclination of the guide plate (for example, within about +10 degrees), the object to be crushed along the guide plate can be dropped toward the large rotary blade.

In the fourth aspect of the invention, the adjusting unit is provided that adjusts the length along the axial direction from one end side of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate. For example, when the size of the object to be crushed is relatively small, the length (apparent length) A along the axial direction from one end side of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate is increased, and conversely, the dimension of the object to be crushed is When the length is relatively large, the length A can be shortened, and even if the object to be pulverized has various shapes or sizes, the object to be pulverized can be prevented from staying in the pulverization chamber.

In the fifth invention, a part of the inclined plate is disposed so as to overlap with the inclined guide plate for guiding the object to be crushed of the charging hopper to the opening of the housing. The adjustment unit includes a long hole formed in at least one of the inclined plate or the guide plate, a bolt inserted through the long hole to fasten the inclined plate and the guide plate, and a nut screwed into the bolt. Is provided. Then, by changing the insertion position of the bolt in the long hole, the degree of overlap between the inclined plate and the guide plate is adjusted to adjust the length along the axial direction from one end side of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate.

  According to the first invention, by providing the inclined plate inclined downward from one end side to the other end side of the rotating shaft, the object to be crushed (sprung runner) that has been dropped into the charging hopper is dropped inside the casing. Since it does not fall near the edge but falls close to the large rotating blade after approaching the large rotating blade, the object to be crushed can be dropped so as to hang on the large rotating blade, and the object to be crushed is rotated in the grinding chamber. Therefore, it is possible to prevent clogging with certainty without being stopped.

In addition , by dropping the length along the axial direction from one end side of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate to be shorter than the length dimension of the rotating shaft direction of the small rotating blade, the fallen object to be dropped is dropped on the large rotating blade. It is possible to prevent the object to be pulverized from staying in the pulverizing chamber without being caught by the rotary blade, and to reliably pulverize.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the inclined plate is disposed on the lower end side of the inclined guide plate of the charging hopper so that the object to be crushed which has been input to the charging hopper and dropped along the guide plate is moved toward the large rotary blade by the inclined plate. It can be easily dropped on the large rotary blade, and it can be prevented that the object to be crushed stays on the rotary blade without stopping.

According to the third invention, by providing the inclined plate with an inclination substantially equal to the inclination of the guide plate, the object to be crushed that has fallen along the guide plate can be dropped toward the large rotary blade.

According to the fourth invention, by providing the adjusting unit, it is possible to prevent the object to be pulverized from staying in the pulverization chamber even if the object to be pulverized has various shapes or sizes.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the length along the axial direction can be adjusted from one end side of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate with a simple configuration.

It is a front view which shows the outline | summary of the example of installation of the grinder of this Embodiment. It is a side view which shows the outline | summary of the example of installation of the grinder of this Embodiment. It is a principal part top view of the grinder of this Embodiment. It is a principal part side view of the grinder of this Embodiment. It is a principal part front view of the grinder of this Embodiment. It is principal part front sectional drawing which shows an example of a structure of an adjustment part. It is an external view which shows an example of a sprue runner. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the state which a sprue runner stops in a grinding | pulverization chamber. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of the state which a sprue runner stops in a grinding | pulverization chamber.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings illustrating embodiments thereof. FIG. 1 is a front view showing an outline of an installation example of the pulverizer 50 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a side view showing an outline of an installation example of the pulverizer 50 of the present embodiment. The pulverizer 50 includes a housing having openings on the upper side and the lower side. The upper opening is an opening for guiding a sprue runner introduced from a charging hopper 60 described later to the pulverization chamber, and the lower opening is an opening for discharging the pulverized pulverized material. As will be described later, the casing has a rectangular shape in plan view surrounded by a fixed side wall and a peristaltic side wall. In addition, the housing | casing may be integrated instead of dividing into a fixed side wall and a peristaltic side wall.

  The pulverizer 50 is fixed to a metal support 1 having an open center by bolts or the like. A material receiving portion 51 attached to the lower portion of the pulverizer 50 is disposed below the support base 1. A suction pipe 52 connected to an intake means such as a blower is connected to the material receiving portion 51.

  An introduction hopper 60 having a substantially S-shape in front view is placed on the casing of the pulverizer 50. The feeding hopper 60 has an inlet 61 for feeding a spru runner (object to be crushed) on the upper side, a guide plate 62 inclined up and down to guide the spur runner into the casing (grinding chamber) of the crusher 50, A base frame 63 for fixing the hopper 60 to the casing of the crusher 50, an opening / closing part 64 for opening and closing the charging hopper 60, and the like are provided.

  The opening / closing portion 64 is provided with an opening / closing shaft (not shown), and the upper portion of the casing of the pulverizer 50 can be opened by rotating the charging hopper 60 about 90 degrees around the shaft.

  A speed reducer 11 to which an electric motor is attached is provided on one side surface of the housing, and a bearing 10 for a rotating shaft (not shown) is attached to the other side surface of the housing.

  FIG. 3 is a plan view of a main part of the pulverizer 50 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a side view of the main part of the pulverizer 50 of the present embodiment. 3 and 4, the charging hopper 60 is omitted. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a pair of metal fixed side walls 2, 2 spaced apart from each other by an appropriate length are provided on the upper surface of the support base 1. A pair of metal swing side walls 3 and 3 are arranged so as to be sandwiched between the fixed side walls 2 and 2, and the fixed side walls 2 and 2 and the swing side walls 3 and 3 constitute a casing. . The casing of the pulverizer 50 has openings on the upper side and the lower side.

  A bearing 10 is attached to a substantially central portion of one fixed side wall 2, and a speed reducer 11 to which an electric motor is attached is attached to the other fixed side wall 2. A rotating shaft 25 interlocking with the motor shaft of the motor is mounted between the fixed side walls 2 and 2.

  In the space (crushing chamber) surrounded by the fixed side walls 2 and 2 and the swing side walls 3 and 3, the crushing blades 4 and 4 as large rotating blades fitted to the rotary shaft 25 and the crushing as small rotating blades. Blades 6, 6, 6 are accommodated. The rough crushing blades (large rotating blades) 4 and 4 protrude from the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 25 in an arc shape. That is, the crushing blades 4, 4 are in the form of an arm whose tip (blade edge) is curved in the rotational direction, and are arranged at an appropriate distance in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 25. The crushing blades (small rotating blades) 6, 6, 6 are arranged between the fixed side wall 2 and the crushing blade 4 and between the crushing blades 4, 4, and are annular grooves at predetermined intervals in the direction of the rotation axis 25. The outer peripheral surface of the annular protrusion between adjacent annular grooves is formed in a sawtooth shape.

  A crushing blade (small rotating blade) 6 disposed at a position closest to the fixed side wall 2 is disposed on one end side of the rotating shaft 25, has an appropriate length in the axial direction, and is adjacent to the crushing blade 6. A coarse crushing blade (large rotary blade) 4 is arranged. An appropriate length along the axial direction of the rotary shaft 25 from one end side of the rotary shaft 25 placed horizontally in the housing, that is, from the inside of the housing (inner surface side of the fixed side wall 2) where the rotary shaft 25 is placed horizontally. The crushing blade (small rotating blade) 6 and the crushing blade (large rotating blade) 4 are provided adjacent to the crushing blade 6.

  The swinging side walls 3 and 3 can swing around swinging shafts 21 and 22 parallel to the rotation shaft 25. By opening the swinging side walls 3 and 3, the inside of the housing is opened upward. A rectangular plate-shaped first fixed blade 7a for pulverizing the sprue runner in cooperation with each of the crushing blades 4 and each of the crushing blades 6 is provided inside the one oscillating side wall 3. The fixed blade 7 constituted by the blade 7b is fixed so as to be inclined downward toward the inside.

  The first fixed blade 7 a has a longitudinal dimension substantially the same as the axial dimension of the grinding blade 6, and one edge on the long side is formed in an uneven shape so as to mesh with the cutting edge of the grinding blade 6. And are fixed to the inside of the swing side wall 3 by bolts 9. In addition, a tooth portion for pulverizing the sprue runner is formed on the short side of the first fixed blade 7 a and in the vicinity of the crushed blade 4 in cooperation with the crushed blade 4.

  The second fixed blade 7b has a longitudinal dimension that is substantially the same as the axial dimension of the oscillating side wall 3, and is one edge of the long side, in the vicinity of the coarse crushing blade 4, A tooth portion for pulverizing the sprue runner is formed in cooperation with the coarse crushing blade 4. The second fixed blade 7b is fixed to the inside of the swing side wall 3 so as to contact the other edge of the long side of the first fixed blade 7a,... With a bolt (not shown).

  In order to prevent the sprue runner that has been crushed by the crushing blades 4 and 4 and not crushed to a predetermined size from inside the oscillating side wall 3 and below the fixed blade 7, A crushing blade cover 31 is provided. The crushing blade cover 31 has an arc-shaped groove formed inside so as to cover the rotation tracks of the crushing blades 4 and 4.

  Inside the other oscillating side wall 3, the pulverized material pulverized to a predetermined size (grain shape) by the pulverizing blades 6, 6, 6 is scraped off and discharged to the material receiving portion 51 on the lower side of the casing. A substantially rectangular plate-shaped scraper 5 is fixed by bolts 8, 8, 8 so as to incline downward toward the inside.

  The scraper 5 is formed with a rectangular cut in a portion where the coarse crushing blades 4 and 4 rotate, and is located at one edge on the long side and close to the crushing blades 6, 6 and 6. A scraping portion formed in a concavo-convex shape so as to mesh with the cutting edge of the crushing blade 6 is formed.

  In order to prevent the sprue runner that has been crushed by the crushing blades 4 and 4 and not yet crushed to a predetermined size from being discharged inside the swing side wall 3 and below the scraper 5, A crushing blade cover is provided. The crushing blade cover has an arc-shaped groove formed inside so as to cover the rotation trajectory of the crushing blades 4 and 4. When both oscillating side walls 3 and 3 are closed, each crushing blade cover abuts each other at one end portion to form a space that covers the rotation trajectory of the crushing blades 4 and 4, Prevent it from being discharged.

  At the four corners of the casing constituted by each fixed side wall 2 and each swing side wall 3, lock members 13,... Taper-shaped on one side are provided to fix the swing side walls 3, 3 to the fixed side walls 2, 2. The end portions of the fixed side wall 2 and the swing side wall 3 are sandwiched by one tapered surface, and the lever 12 screwed into the lock member 13 is tightened to fix the swing side walls 3 and 3 to the fixed side wall. Fix to 2 and 2. Each swing side wall 3 can be opened and closed with a handle 14 fixed to the swing side wall 3.

  When the sprue runner is crushed, the swinging side walls 3 and 3 are fixed to the fixed side walls 2 and 2 by tightening the lever 12. When the sprue runner is inserted into the charging hopper 60 disposed in the upper part of the housing and the electric motor is turned on, the rotary shaft 25 rotates at a predetermined rotational speed, and the coarse crushing blade 4 and the crushing blade 6 rotate. The rotation direction is a direction in which the coarse crushing blade 4 and the crushing blade 6 are engaged with the fixed blade 7 from the upper side to the lower side and are engaged with the scraper 5 from the lower side to the upper side.

  Thus, the sprue runner is first roughly crushed by the cooperation of the coarse crushing blade 4 and the fixed blade 7 and is shredded into a size that can easily bite into the crushing blade 6. The coarsely pulverized sprue runner is pulverized into a pulverized material of a predetermined size by the cooperation of the pulverizing blade 6 and the first fixed blade 7a, and is sent to the lower side of the housing as the pulverizing blade 6 rotates. It is discharged to the receiving part 51. Further, among the pulverized material pulverized to a predetermined size, the material adhering to the side surface of the pulverizing blade 6 due to static electricity is scraped off on the lower surface of the scraper 5 by the cooperation of the pulverizing blade 6 and the scraper 5, and receives the material. It is discharged to the part 51.

  A part of the sprue runner crushed by the crushing blade 4 is sent to the lower side of the fixed blade 7 by the rotation of the crushing blade 4, but is received by the crushing blade cover 31 and again on the upper side of each crushing blade 6. While being sent, it is prevented from being accidentally discharged to the material receiving portion 51.

  In addition, after the sprue runner is crushed, dust (crushed pieces) is formed on the upper surface and the cutting edge of the fixed blade 7, the upper surface and the end of the scraper 5, the surface of the pulverizing blade 6, the surface of the roughing blade 4, and the roughing blade cover 31. It remains on the outside and inside, inside the fixed side walls 2 and 2, inside the swing side walls 3 and 3, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a rotary shaft 25 is mounted substantially at the center of the fixed side wall 2, and the coarse crushing blade 4 and the crushing blade 6 are fitted on the rotary shaft 25 at predetermined positions. Fixed blades 7 (first fixed blade 7a and second fixed blade 7b) are fixed to the inner upper surface of one of the swing side walls 3 so as to be inclined downward toward the rotating shaft 25. The rough crushing blade cover 31 is provided on the rotation track of the rough crushing blade 4 below 7.

  A scraper 5 is fixed on the inner upper surface of the other oscillating side wall 3 so as to incline downward toward the rotating shaft 25, and is disposed below the scraper 5 and on the rotational trajectory of the coarse crushing blade 4. Is provided with a crushing blade cover 31.

  Each crushing blade cover 31 has a subarc-shaped annular shape having a predetermined thickness, and an inner side forms a space that is grooved along the rotation path of the crushing blade 4. In a state where the swinging side walls 3 and 3 are closed, one end portions of the crushing blade cover 31 come into contact with each other, and the unprocessed wrap around the fixed blade 7 and the scraper 5 as the crushing blade 4 rotates. Receive the crushed pieces.

  Shaft bodies 21 and 21 (first oscillating shafts) are suspended from a surface substantially vertically below the rotating shaft 25 and close to the fixed side wall 2 of the oscillating side wall 3 in parallel with the axial direction of the rotating shaft 25. ing. The shaft bodies 22, 22 (second swing shafts) are arranged on the outer side of the shaft body 21 and parallel to the axial direction of the shaft body 21. It hangs on the adjacent surface.

  The shaft bodies 21 and 22 have insertion holes through which the shaft bodies 21 and 22 are inserted, and a substantially elliptical connecting plate 23 is provided between the fixed side wall 2 and the swing side wall 3 around the shaft bodies 21 and 22. It is pivotally attached. A notch surface 32 inclined downward from the outside to the inside is formed above the linkage plate 23 of the swing side wall 3. The notch surface 32 contacts the upper side surface of the linking plate 23 when the oscillating side wall 3 is opened, thereby locking the oscillating side wall 3 and the linking plate 23 and rotating them together. The shape is not limited to a surface, and a curved surface, an uneven shape, or the like can be appropriately set as long as it can be locked.

  A cylindrical fixing pin 24 is vertically suspended from the lower side of the rotation shaft 25 and on the sliding surface of the fixed side wall 2 with the swing side wall 3 to fix the swing side wall 3. A sliding surface with the side wall 2 is formed with a semicircular arc-shaped fitting surface 34 that fits the fixing pin 24 in a state where the swing side wall 3 is closed. Accordingly, the swinging side wall 3 is prevented from shaking up and down when the swinging side wall 3 is closed. The blade edge is prevented from being damaged due to interference with the scraper 5 or the like.

  FIG. 5 is a front view of an essential part of the pulverizer 50 of the present embodiment. FIG. 5 shows the closing hopper 60 closed. As shown in FIG. 5, the crushing blade 6 is disposed on one end side (a state adjacent to the fixed side wall 2) of the rotating shaft 25, and has an appropriate length D in the axial direction. Further, the coarse crushing blade 4 is disposed adjacent to the crushing blade 6. Further, the crushing blades 6 and the crushing blades 4 are alternately provided adjacent to the crushing blade 4, and a plurality of crushing blades 6 (three in the example of FIG. 5) are provided on the rotary shaft 25. And the crushing blade 4 (in the example of FIG. 5 two pieces) is provided.

  An inclined plate inclined downward from one end side to the other end side of the rotating shaft 25 so as to cover a part of the opening of the housing above the inner side surface of the fixed side wall 2, that is, above one end side of the rotating shaft 25 70 is provided. That is, the inclined plate 70 is provided so as to protrude from the inner side surface of the fixed side wall 2 (housing) along the axial direction of the rotary shaft 25 (toward the grinding chamber).

  By providing the inclined plate 70 inclined downward from one end side to the other end side of the rotary shaft 25, the sprue runner (object to be crushed) dropped into the charging hopper 60 is dropped near the inner edge of the casing ( That is, it does not fall on the crushing blade 4 adjacent to the fixed side wall 2 but falls near the crushing blade 4 after approaching the crushing blade 4, so that the sprue runner is applied to the crushing blade 4. The sprue runner can be prevented from staying in the crushing chamber without hanging on the rotary blades (coarse crushing blade 4 and crushing blade 6), and can be crushed reliably.

  Further, the length A along the axial direction from one end side of the rotating shaft 25 of the inclined plate 70 is shorter than the length dimension D of the grinding blade 6. The length A along the axial direction from one end of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate 70 is the apparent length in the axial direction (that is, the horizontal direction) of the rotating shaft 25 from the inner surface of the casing of the inclined plate 70 that is inclined. It is.

  For example, assuming that the actual length of the inclined plate 70 projecting from the inner side surface of the housing in the direction of the rotation axis 25 is B and the inclination angle of the inclined plate 70 with respect to the horizontal direction (lateral direction) is θ, one end of the rotation axis of the inclined plate 70. The length A along the axial direction from the side can be obtained by A = B × cos θ. If the length dimension of the grinding blade 6 in the direction of the rotation axis 25 is D, then A <D.

  When A> D, the sprue runner that has been dropped into the charging hopper 60 may fall over the roughing blade 4 beyond the position of the roughing blade 4. By setting A <D, the dropped sprue runner can be dropped so as to be applied to the coarse crushing blade 4, and the sprue runner is retained in the crushing chamber without being applied to the rotary blades (the coarse crushing blade 4 and the crushing blade 6). Can be prevented, and can be reliably pulverized.

  In addition, the length A along the axial direction from the one end side of the rotating shaft 25 of the inclined plate 70 does not need to be uniquely determined. If A <D, the length and shape of the sprue runner to be pulverized are determined. Accordingly, it can be set appropriately so that the sprue runner falling on the crushing blade 4. For example, when the dimension of the sprue runner is relatively small, the length A is determined so that the dimension (D-A) is small, that is, the tip of the inclined plate 70 is close to the rotation track surface of the crushing blade 4. On the other hand, when the dimension of the sprue runner is relatively large, the length A is set so that the dimension (D-A) is increased, that is, the tip of the inclined plate 70 is separated from the rotating raceway surface of the coarse crushing blade 4. Can be decided.

  The guide plate 62 of the charging hopper 60 is inclined up and down, that is, along the rotation axis direction of the rotation shaft 25. The inclined plate 70 is arranged on the lower end side of the guide plate 62 of the charging hopper 60. Since the inclined plate 70 is arranged on the lower end side of the inclined guide plate 62 of the charging hopper 60, compared to the case where the inclined plate 70 is not provided, the inclined hopper 60 is input and dropped along the guiding plate 62. The sprue runner can be dropped toward the coarse crushing blade 4 by the inclined plate 70, and the sprue runner can be easily applied to the coarse crushing blade 4, and the sprue runner stays on the rotating blades (the crushing blade 4 and the crushing blade 6) without stopping. It is possible to prevent the situation from occurring.

  In addition, the inclined plate 70 is provided so as to be inclined substantially equal to the inclination of the guide plate 62 (inclination along the rotation axis direction of the rotation shaft 25). When the inclined plate 70 is inclined at an inclination angle larger than the inclination of the guide plate 62 (inclined downward), the apparent length A of the inclined plate 70 (in the axial direction from one end of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate) It is not possible to secure a sufficient length). Further, when the inclined plate 70 is inclined at an inclination angle smaller than the inclination of the guide plate 62 (closer to the horizontal direction), the sprue runner may stay on the inclined plate 70. By providing the inclined plate 70 with an inclination substantially equal to the inclination of the guide plate 62 (for example, within about +10 degrees), the sprue runner that has dropped along the guide plate 62 can be dropped toward the crushing blade 4. it can.

  The apparent length A of the inclined plate 70 does not have to be fixed, and the length A can be adjustable. That is, the adjustment part 80 which adjusts the length A along the axial direction from the one end side of the rotating shaft 25 of the inclined plate 70 can also be provided. For example, when the size of the sprue runner is relatively small, the length (apparent length) A along the axial direction from one end side of the rotating shaft 25 of the inclined plate 70 is increased, and conversely, the size of the sprue runner is relatively long. If it is larger, the length A can be shortened, and even if the sprue runner has various shapes or sizes, the sprue runner does not hit the rotating blade (coarse crushing blade 4 and crushing blade 6) and is retained in the crushing chamber. You can avoid it.

  FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of an essential part showing an example of the configuration of the adjusting unit 80. As shown in FIG. 6, a part of the inclined plate 70 is disposed so as to overlap the guide plate 62 of the charging hopper 60. The adjusting unit 80 is inserted into the long hole 83 and the long hole 83 formed in at least one of the inclined plate 70 and the guide plate 62 (in the example of FIG. 6, the guide plate 62) to connect the inclined plate 70 and the guide plate 62. A bolt 81 for fastening, a nut 82 screwed into the bolt 81, and the like are provided. Then, by changing the insertion position of the bolt 81 in the long hole 83, the degree of overlap between the inclined plate 70 and the guide plate 62 is adjusted (sliding the inclined plate 70 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 6), The length A along the axial direction from the one end side of the rotating shaft 25 of the inclined plate 70 is adjusted. Thereby, the length A along the axial direction can be adjusted from one end side of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate 70 with a simple configuration.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the tapered surface 71 is formed so that the thickness on one end side of the inclined plate 70 becomes thinner toward the tip end side, thereby preventing the sprue runner from getting caught and smoothing the fall. Can do.

  In the above-described embodiment, the pulverizer has a configuration in which the swing side wall is opened. However, the swing side wall opening / closing mechanism may have any structure. Further, the pulverizer casing may be fixed with four side walls without having the swing side walls, or the four side walls may be integrated.

  In the above-described embodiment, the pulverizing blades 6 and the two coarse pulverizing blades 4 are alternately arranged on the rotary shaft 25. However, the number of the pulverizing blades 6 and the coarse pulverizing blades is as described above. It is not limited to examples.

  The present invention is not limited to the examples.

2 Fixed side wall (housing)
3 Swing side wall (housing)
4 Coarse blade (large rotating blade)
5 Scraper 6 Grinding blade (small rotating blade)
7 Fixed Blade 25 Rotating Shaft 60 Loading Hopper 62 Guide Plate 70 Inclined Plate 80 Adjustment Unit 81 Bolt (Adjustment Unit)
82 Nut (Adjustment part)
83 Long hole (adjustment part)

Claims (5)

A housing having an opening on the upper side; a loading hopper placed on the housing for loading a material to be crushed; a rotary blade attached to a rotating shaft placed horizontally in the housing; and the housing In a pulverizer that includes a fixed blade that is disposed in the body and engages with the rotary blade, and pulverizes the object to be crushed by the cooperation of the rotary blade and the fixed blade,
The rotary blade is
A small rotary blade on one end side of the rotary shaft and facing the inner wall of the housing;
A large rotary blade disposed opposite the wall with the small rotary blade in between,
An inclination that is inclined downward from the one end side to the other end side of the rotary shaft so as to cover the wall portion side of the small rotary blade above the one end side of the rotary shaft and is fixed to the charging hopper A board ,
The crusher characterized in that a length along the axial direction from the one end side of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate is shorter than a length dimension of the small rotating blade in the rotating shaft direction . The charging hopper is
An inclined guide plate for guiding the object to be crushed to the opening,
The inclined plate is
The pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein the pulverizer is disposed on a lower end side of the guide plate. The inclined plate is
The pulverizer according to claim 2 , wherein the pulverizer is provided with an inclination substantially equal to an inclination of the guide plate. The pulverizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising an adjustment unit that adjusts a length along the axial direction from the one end side of the rotation shaft of the inclined plate. A part of the inclined plate is arranged so as to overlap an inclined guide plate for guiding the material to be crushed in the charging hopper to the opening,
The adjustment unit is
An elongated hole formed in at least one of the inclined plate or the guide plate;
A bolt inserted through the elongated hole to fasten the inclined plate and the guide plate;
A nut screwed onto the bolt,
The pulverizer according to claim 4 , wherein the insertion position of the bolt is changed to adjust the length along the axial direction from the one end side of the rotating shaft of the inclined plate. .

Images