JP2011131169A - Crusher and crushing system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher and a crushing system which dispense with a manual cleaning operation and which cleans dust in a short time. <P>SOLUTION: A throw-in hopper 60 is installed in the upper part of a crusher 50 while an opening/closing damper 70 is installed in the lower part of the throw-in hopper 60. In the opening/closing damper 70, a damper 71 horizontally moves by an air cylinder 72. In a position d2 with the damper 71 opened, the inside of the throw-in hopper 60 is opened and a sprue runner thrown-in from the throw-in port 61 is supplied to the crusher 50. Also, in a position d1 with the damper 71 closed, the upper space of the crusher 50 is surrounded with the damper 71 and the wall face of the throw-in hopper 60 to form a blocked space. In a position between the housing of the crusher 50 and the opening/closing damper 70 of the throw-in hopper 60, there is installed an intake opening 80. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a pulverizer capable of facilitating cleaning of pulverized pieces or dust, shortening the cleaning time, and preventing pulverized pieces or dust from remaining, and a pulverizing system including the pulverizer.

  In order to solve problems such as environmental pollution and an increase in industrial waste, the formation of a recycling society has become increasingly important. For example, in a molding plant that manufactures molded products or molded parts using synthetic resins typified by plastics, unnecessary parts called sprue runners or molding defects that occur during molding are collected to reuse the resources of resin materials. It is done to improve the rate.

  For recycling the resin material, the collected sprue runner is pulverized into a predetermined size with a pulverizer and used as a recycling resource. In order to make it easier for the pulverizer (processed material) introduced from the input hopper to bite into the pulverizing blade, the pulverizer is first crushed with a coarse pulverizing blade, and the crushed material is formed into a predetermined particle shape with the pulverizing blade. Crushed into crushed material. Compared with a two-shaft crusher in which the crushing blade and the crushing blade are fixed to different rotating shafts, a single-shaft crusher in which the crushing blade and the crushing blade are fixed to one rotating shaft is rotated. Since there are few drive parts to drive the shaft and the structure is simple, it is used in many offices aiming for recycling in the factory.

  When changing the material to be pulverized to a different material, it is necessary to clean the dust (crushed pieces) remaining in the pulverizer so that different materials are not mixed. Dust can be applied to various locations such as the gap between the crushing blades with a complex edge, the circumference of the crushing blade, and the inside of the crushing blade cover that prevents the material crushed by the crushing blade from being discharged. Therefore, in order to clean the inside of the pulverizer, it is necessary to remove the fixed blade and scraper, etc., and open the side walls for cleaning. This requires a long time for the cleaning operation and is difficult to clean. It was.

  For this reason, for example, on the outer peripheral surface of the crushing blade that rotates close to the inner wall surface of the casing, an injection hole that penetrates the crushing blade and injects compressed air toward the inner wall surface of the casing is opened, and the compressed air is supplied to the injection hole. By forming the compressed air conduction path in the rotating shaft of the grinding blade, the compressed air is injected onto the inner wall surface of the casing, and the compressed air is jetted from the outer peripheral surface of the grinding blade while rotating the grinding blade, and remains in the grinding machine. There is disclosed a pulverizer capable of removing residual residues in a short time (see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 2669757

  However, in the pulverizer described in Patent Document 1, since compressed air is injected onto the wall surface, dust adhered to the wall surface on which the compressed air is injected can be removed, but the blown-off dust is There is a problem of re-adhering to another part in the pulverizer. Moreover, when injecting compressed air, compressed air cannot be injected toward every gap | interval in a grinder, and the dust which remain | survives in the fine clearance gap which the air to inject cannot enter cannot fully be removed. For this reason, manual cleaning work is required.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a pulverizer capable of cleaning dust in a short time without a manual cleaning operation and a pulverizing system including the pulverizer. To do.

  The pulverizer according to the first aspect of the present invention is disposed in the casing that engages with the rotary blade, the casing that is open on the upper side and the lower side, the rotary blade that is attached to the rotary shaft that is placed horizontally in the casing, and the rotary blade. In a pulverizer that pulverizes an object to be processed by cooperation of the rotary blade and the fixed blade, the suction port disposed below the casing and the upper space of the casing are closed. A closed portion and an intake opening for sucking air into the space closed by the closed portion are provided.

  The crusher according to a second aspect of the present invention is the pulverizer according to the first aspect, wherein the closing portion includes a loading hopper placed on the casing for loading an object to be processed, and an open / close damper for opening and closing the loading hopper. The space surrounded by the charging hopper and the opening / closing damper is configured to be closed.

  A pulverizer according to a third aspect of the present invention is the pulverizer according to the second aspect, wherein the intake opening is disposed between the casing and the open / close damper.

  A pulverizer according to a fourth invention is characterized in that, in the second invention, a part of the opening / closing damper is opened to form the intake opening.

  The pulverizer according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the pulverizer according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the housing includes four side walls having a rectangular shape in plan view, and the intake opening portion is located above the opposing side walls. It is characterized by providing.

  The pulverizer according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the pulverizer according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the casing has a rectangular shape in plan view, and each of the upper sides in the vicinity of two corners on a diagonal line of the casing. It is characterized by comprising the intake opening.

  The pulverizer according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the pulverizer according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the fixed blade is disposed to be inclined downward toward the rotating shaft, and the pulverizer is disposed on the opposite side of the fixed blade. A scraper disposed downwardly inclined toward the rotation axis, and when the space is closed by the closing portion, when the suction is performed through the suction port, the rotary blade and the fixed blade are Alternatively, an air flow path to the suction port is formed through a gap with the scraper.

  The pulverizer according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the pulverizer according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein when the space is closed by the closed portion and sucked through the suction port, the wind speed of the intake opening portion is 8 meters / second or more.

  A pulverizer according to a ninth aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to eighth aspects of the invention, the pulverizer includes an injection port for injecting compressed air toward the rotary blade.

  The pulverizer according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the pulverizer according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein the rotary blade has a coarse crushing blade projecting in an arc shape from a peripheral surface of the rotary shaft, A crushing blade cover having an arc-shaped groove surrounding a rotation region of the blade, and an injection port for injecting compressed air toward the groove of the crushing blade cover.

  A pulverizing system according to an eleventh aspect of the invention includes a pulverizer according to any one of the first to tenth aspects of the invention, a suction pipe communicating with the suction port of the pulverizer, and an intake means connected to the suction pipe. It is characterized by providing.

  A pulverizing system according to a twelfth aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the eleventh aspect of the invention, the suction pipe is provided with a collecting means for collecting the pulverized material.

  In a pulverization system according to a thirteenth aspect, in the twelfth aspect, the suction pipe includes two transport pipes branched via a switching valve, and the collecting means is interposed in one transport pipe. Features.

  In the first invention and the eleventh invention, a suction port is arranged below the housing, and the suction port communicates with a suction pipe connected to the suction means. By operating the intake means, air in the housing can be sucked from the suction port below the housing. The closing portion includes an intake opening for closing the upper space of the housing and sucking air into the space closed by the closing portion. Since the space above the housing is closed by the closed portion, when air is sucked from the suction port, the pressure in the space closed by the closed portion decreases, and the air from the outside of the housing passes through the intake opening. Vigorously flows into the housing. The air flowing in from the intake opening passes through the gap between the rotary blade and the fixed blade in the housing without any drop in the momentum (wind speed) and flows to the suction port. That is, when air is sucked through the suction port when the space is closed by the closed portion, the air from the suction opening to the suction port becomes turbulent and flows vigorously through any gap in the housing and adheres to the housing. Separate and clean the dust from the adhering surface. In particular, since the suction is performed while rotating the rotary blade by operating the pulverizer, air with a high wind speed spreads over the entire surface of the rotary blade. This eliminates the need for manual cleaning such as disassembly, and allows dust to be cleaned in a short time.

  In the second invention, the closing portion includes a loading hopper that is placed on the casing and is used for loading an object to be processed, and an open / close damper that opens and closes the loading hopper. When closing the space above the housing, closing the open / close damper closes the space surrounded by the inner wall of the input hopper and the open / close damper. That is, when cleaning the inside of the casing, the open / close damper is closed, and when the workpiece is introduced when the workpiece is crushed, the open / close damper is opened. Thereby, the grinding | pulverization operation | work of a to-be-processed object and the removal operation | work (cleaning operation | work) of a to-be-processed object can be switched easily by opening and closing of an opening-and-closing damper.

  In the third aspect of the invention, the intake opening is disposed between the housing and the open / close damper. Thereby, the air flowing in from the intake opening flows from the upper part of the casing toward the inside of the casing and flows out of the casing from the suction port below the casing, so that the air can flow through all the gaps in the casing. .

  In the fourth invention, the opening / closing damper is partially opened to form the intake opening. That is, the opening / closing damper is partially opened to such an extent that a gap is generated between the opening / closing damper and the wall surface of the charging hopper. That is, when cleaning the inside of the housing, the opening / closing damper is not completely closed, but is partially opened so that a gap is created. To open. In addition, the size of the intake opening can be freely adjusted by changing the partially opened state of the open / close damper (how much it is opened). Thereby, since the intake opening can be shared by the open / close damper, it is not necessary to separately provide the intake opening, and the wind speed of the air flowing through the intake opening can be adjusted.

  In the fifth invention, the housing includes four side walls having a rectangular shape in plan view, and includes an intake opening on the upper side of the opposing side walls. One or more intake openings may be provided on each of the opposing side walls. An intake opening may be provided on each of the four side walls. Thereby, it becomes possible to take air into a housing | casing from a different direction, and air can flow evenly in a housing | casing.

  In the sixth invention, the housing has a rectangular shape in plan view, and includes intake openings on the upper sides of the two corners on the diagonal line of the housing. Since the intake openings are provided near the four corners on the diagonal of the four corners of the casing, the air that flows in from the intake openings flows in a vortex in the casing and flows evenly into the gaps between the rotating blade and the fixed blade. It is possible to clean every corner in the housing.

  In the seventh invention, the fixed blade is provided with a scraper that is disposed to be inclined downward toward the rotation axis, and is disposed to be inclined downward to the rotation axis on the opposite side of the fixed blade. When air is sucked through the suction port when the space is closed by the blocking portion, an air flow path is formed from the suction opening to the suction port through a gap between the rotary blade and the fixed blade or the scraper. The air flow path is not limited to the gap. Thereby, the dust adhering to a rotary blade, a fixed blade, a scraper, etc. can be removed.

  In the eighth invention, when the space is closed by the closed portion and the air is sucked through the suction port, the wind speed of the intake opening is 8 meters / second or more. As the wind speed, for example, a hot-wire anemometer can be used. When the wind speed is less than 8 meters / second, the dust adhering to the inside of the housing cannot be blown (moved), and there are places where the dust cannot be removed. If the wind speed is 8 meters / second or more, the flow of air when passing through the gap in the housing can be increased and dust can be removed.

  In the ninth invention, an injection port for injecting compressed air toward the rotary blade is provided. By injecting compressed air from the injection port toward the rotary blade, dust adhering to the rotary blade can be removed. Moreover, even if dust rises by injection of compressed air, it can be removed by the air flowing from the intake opening to the suction port, and the dust does not adhere again.

  In the tenth invention, the rotary blade has a coarse blade that protrudes in an arc shape from the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft, and has a coarse blade cover that has an arc-shaped groove surrounding the rotation region of the coarse blade; And an injection port for injecting compressed air toward the groove of the crushing blade cover. By injecting compressed air from the injection port toward the groove of the coarse blade cover, dust adhering to the groove of the coarse blade cover can be removed. Moreover, even if dust rises by injection of compressed air, it can be removed by the air flowing from the intake opening to the suction port, and the dust does not adhere again.

  In the twelfth invention, the suction pipe is provided with a collecting means for collecting the pulverized material (the material after the object to be processed is pulverized). The collecting means is, for example, a collector provided with a filter for filtering dust. That is, the pulverized material pulverized by the pulverizer through the suction tube is collected by the collecting means to separate the pulverized material from the dust. Thereby, every time it grind | pulverizes, dust cleaning can be automatically performed.

  In the thirteenth invention, the suction pipe is provided with two transport pipes branched via the switching valve, and the collecting means is interposed in one transport pipe. The suction pipe between the suction port and the intake means is branched into two transport pipes via a switching valve, and the collection means is interposed in one of the transport pipes. That is, the pulverized material pulverized by the pulverizer is transferred to one of the transport pipes by switching the switching valve and collected in the collecting means. Dust that has been cleaned and removed from the pulverizer is transported to another transport pipe by switching the switching valve and collected in a collection box or the like. Thereby, when grind | pulverizing different materials, such as a color or a material, a grinding material and dust can be isolate | separated and collect | recovered.

  According to the first and eleventh aspects of the present invention, when air is sucked through the suction port when the space is closed by the blocking portion, the air from the suction opening to the suction port flows vigorously through all the gaps in the housing. The inside of the body can be cleaned, and dust can be cleaned in a short time without the need for manual cleaning such as disassembly.

  According to the second invention, when cleaning the inside of the housing, the open / close damper is closed, and when opening the open / close damper when the treatment object is thrown into when pulverizing the treatment object, It is possible to easily switch between pulverization of the workpiece and removal of dust.

  According to the third invention, by arranging the intake opening between the casing and the opening / closing damper, the air flowing from the intake opening flows from the upper part of the casing toward the inside of the casing, and the suction port below the casing Since it flows out from the housing to the outside, air can flow through all the gaps in the housing.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when cleaning the inside of the housing, the opening / closing damper is partially closed so as to create a gap without being completely closed, and the processing object is put in when the processing object is pulverized. Completely opens the open / close damper. Moreover, the size of the intake opening can be freely adjusted by changing the partially opened state of the open / close damper. Thereby, since the intake opening can be shared by the open / close damper, it is not necessary to separately provide the intake opening, and the wind speed of the air flowing through the intake opening can be adjusted.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the casing includes four side walls having a rectangular shape in plan view, and the intake opening is provided on the upper side of the opposing side walls, so that air can be taken into the casing from different directions. The air can flow evenly in the housing.

  According to the sixth aspect of the invention, since the intake opening is provided in the vicinity of the four corners on the diagonal line of the four corners of the casing, the air that flows in vigorously from the intake opening flows in a vortex in the casing and flows into the rotary blade and the fixed blade. Since it flows evenly into the gaps, etc., it is possible to clean every corner in the housing.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when air is sucked through the suction opening when the space is closed by the closing portion, the air sucked from the suction opening is sucked through the clearance between the rotary blade and the fixed blade or the scraper. The dust that adheres to the rotary blade, the fixed blade, the scraper, etc. can be removed by flowing to the inside and cleaning the inside of the housing.

  According to the eighth invention, when the air is sucked through the suction port when the space is closed by the closed portion, the air velocity at the intake opening is set to 8 meters / second or more, so that the space when passing through the gap in the housing is set. The air flow can be increased to remove dust.

  According to the ninth aspect, dust adhering to the rotary blade can be removed by injecting the compressed air from the injection port toward the rotary blade. Moreover, even if dust rises by injection of compressed air, it can be removed by the air flowing from the intake opening to the suction port, and the dust does not adhere again.

  According to the tenth invention, dust adhering to the groove of the coarse blade cover can be removed by injecting compressed air from the injection port toward the groove of the coarse blade cover. Moreover, even if dust rises by injection of compressed air, it can be removed by the air flowing from the intake opening to the suction port, and the dust does not adhere again.

  According to the twelfth aspect, the pulverized material pulverized by the pulverizer through the suction pipe is collected in the collecting means, and the pulverized material and the dust are separated, whereby the dust is automatically cleaned every time the pulverization is performed. be able to.

  According to the thirteenth invention, the pulverized material pulverized by the pulverizer is transported to one transport pipe by switching the switching valve and collected in the collecting means. Dust that has been cleaned and removed from the pulverizer is transported to another transport pipe by switching the switching valve and collected in a collection box or the like. Thereby, when grind | pulverizing different materials, such as a color or a material, a grinding material and dust can be isolate | separated and collect | recovered.

It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the outline | summary of the example of installation of the grinder which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a principal part top view which shows an example of the grinder which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a principal part side view which shows an example of the grinder which concerns on this Embodiment. It is principal part sectional drawing of the IV-IV line of FIG. It is principal part sectional drawing of the VV line | wire of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the principal part of the intake opening part of this Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the intake opening part of this Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a structure of the grinding | pulverization system which concerns on this Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the dust removal of the grinder of this Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of dust removal of the grinder of this Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of a measurement of the wind speed of an intake opening part. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement example of intake openings of Embodiment 2. FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an intake opening according to a third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a main part sectional view of an intake opening of a fourth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a side view of a main part of an intake opening according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a pulverizer according to a fifth embodiment.

Embodiment 1
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings illustrating embodiments thereof. FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an outline of an installation example of a crusher according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 50 denotes a pulverizer according to the present embodiment. The pulverizer 50 includes a housing having an upper side and a lower side opened. The pulverizer 50 is fixed to a metal support 1 having an open center by bolts or the like. A material receiving portion 91 attached to the lower portion of the pulverizer 50 is disposed below the support base 1. A suction pipe 90 connected to an intake means such as a blower is connected to the material receiving portion 91.

  A substantially S-shaped charging hopper 60 is provided above the crusher 50. An opening / closing shaft (not shown) is provided at the lower edge of the charging hopper 60, and the upper portion of the crusher 50 can be opened by rotating the charging hopper 60 about 90 degrees around the axis. . An opening / closing damper 70 is provided below the charging hopper 60. In the open / close damper 70, a damper (door) 71 is moved in the horizontal direction by an air cylinder 72. At the position d2 where the damper 71 is opened (indicated by a broken line in the figure), the inside of the charging hopper 60 is opened, and the workpiece (sprung runner) charged from the charging port 61 is supplied to the pulverizer 50. Further, at the position d1 (shown by a solid line) in which the damper 71 is closed, the upper space of the crusher 50 is surrounded by the damper 71 and the wall surface (inner wall) of the charging hopper 60 to form a closed space. The closed space does not exclude the sealed space, but is not limited to the sealed space.

  An intake opening 80 for sucking air into a space surrounded by the damper 71 and the wall surface of the input hopper 60 is provided between the casing of the crusher 50 of the input hopper 60 and the open / close damper 70 (in the drawing). A) is provided. Details of the intake opening 80 will be described later.

  By operating the air intake means such as a blower, the air in the housing can be sucked from the suction port 92 (see FIG. 5) below the housing of the pulverizer 50. Since the upper space of the casing of the pulverizer 50 is closed by closing the damper 71, when air is sucked from the suction port 92, the pressure in the closed space decreases, and the intake opening 80 Through the outside of the housing through the air. The air that flows in from the intake opening 80 becomes turbulent on the surface of each part in the housing, passes through the gap between the rotary blade and the fixed blade in the housing, etc., without flowing down, and flows to the suction port 92. . That is, when the air is sucked through the suction port 92 when the damper 71 is closed and the space above the crusher 50 is closed, the air from the suction opening 80 to the suction port 92 flows vigorously through all the gaps in the housing. The dust can be cleaned by separating and removing the dust adhering to each part in the housing from the adhesion surface. In particular, since the pulverizer 50 is operated and sucked while rotating the rotary blade, air having a high wind speed spreads over the entire surface of the rotary blade. This eliminates the need for manual cleaning such as disassembly, and allows dust to be cleaned in a short time.

  FIG. 2 is a main part plan view showing an example of the pulverizer 50 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the main part showing an example of the pulverizer 50 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a pair of metal fixed side walls 2, 2 that are separated from each other by an appropriate length are provided on the upper surface of the support base 1, and on both sides of the fixed side walls 2, 2. A pair of metal swing side walls 3 and 3 are arranged so as to be sandwiched between the fixed side walls 2 and 2, and the fixed side walls 2 and 2 and the swing side walls 3 and 3 constitute a casing. . The casing of the pulverizer 50 is open on the upper side and the lower side.

  A bearing 10 is attached to a substantially central portion of one fixed side wall 2, and an electric motor 11 having a speed reducer is attached to the other fixed side wall 2, and interlocks with a motor shaft of the electric motor 11. A rotary shaft 25 is pivoted between the fixed side walls 2 and 2.

  The space surrounded by the fixed side walls 2 and 2 and the swing side walls 3 and 3 accommodates the coarse crushing blades 4 and 4 and the crushing blades 6 and 6 and 6 serving as rotary blades fitted to the rotary shaft 25. The The rough crushing blades 4, 4 protrude from the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 25 in an arc shape. That is, the crushing blades 4, 4 are in the form of an arm whose tip (blade edge) is curved in the rotational direction, and are arranged at an appropriate distance in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 25. The crushing blades 6, 6, 6 are arranged between the fixed side wall 2 and the crushing blade 4 and between the crushing blades 4, 4, and annular grooves are formed at predetermined intervals in the direction of the rotation axis 25, and adjacent to each other. The outer peripheral surface of the annular protrusion between the annular grooves is formed in a sawtooth shape.

  The swinging side walls 3 and 3 can swing around swinging shafts 21 and 22 parallel to the rotation shaft 25. By opening the swinging side walls 3 and 3, the inside of the housing is opened upward. Inside the one oscillating side wall 3, a rectangular plate-shaped first fixed blade 7a for pulverizing an object to be processed (a sprue runner) in cooperation with each crushing blade 4 and each crushing blade 6. And the fixed blade 7 comprised by the 2nd fixed blade 7b is being fixed so that it may incline downward toward the inner side.

  The first fixed blade 7 a has a longitudinal dimension substantially the same as the axial dimension of the grinding blade 6, and one edge on the long side is formed in an uneven shape so as to mesh with the cutting edge of the grinding blade 6. And are fixed to the inside of the swing side wall 3 by bolts 9. In addition, a tooth portion for pulverizing the object to be processed is formed on the edge portion on the short side of the first fixed blade 7 a and close to the crushing blade 4 in cooperation with the crushing blade 4.

  The second fixed blade 7b has a longitudinal dimension that is substantially the same as the axial dimension of the oscillating side wall 3, and is one edge of the long side, in the vicinity of the coarse crushing blade 4, The tooth part which grind | pulverizes a to-be-processed object by cooperation with the rough crushing blade 4 is formed. The second fixed blade 7b is fixed to the inside of the swing side wall 3 so as to contact the other edge of the long side of the first fixed blade 7a,... With a bolt (not shown).

  In order to prevent discharge of a workpiece that is roughly crushed by the crushing blades 4 and 4 and is not crushed to a predetermined size, inside the swing side wall 3 and below the fixed blade 7. A crushing blade cover 31 is provided. The crushing blade cover 31 has an arc-shaped groove formed inside so as to cover the rotation tracks of the crushing blades 4 and 4.

  Inside the other oscillating side wall 3, the pulverized material pulverized to a predetermined size (grain shape) by the pulverizing blades 6, 6, 6 is scraped off and discharged to the material receiving portion 91 on the lower side of the casing. A substantially rectangular plate-shaped scraper 5 is fixed by bolts 8, 8, 8 so as to incline downward toward the inside.

  The scraper 5 is formed with a rectangular cut in a portion where the coarse crushing blades 4 and 4 rotate, and is located at one edge on the long side and close to the crushing blades 6, 6 and 6. A scraping portion formed in a concavo-convex shape so as to mesh with the cutting edge of the crushing blade 6 is formed.

  In order to prevent discharge of an object to be processed that has been coarsely crushed by the crushing blades 4 and 4 and not yet crushed to a predetermined size, inside the swing side wall 3 and below the scraper 5. A crushing blade cover is provided. The crushing blade cover has an arc-shaped groove formed inside so as to cover the rotation trajectory of the crushing blades 4 and 4. When both oscillating side walls 3 and 3 are closed, the respective crushing blade covers abut against each other at one end portion to form a space that covers the rotation trajectory of the crushing blades 4 and 4, and the uncrushed object to be processed Prevents things from being discharged.

  At the four corners of the casing constituted by each fixed side wall 2 and each swing side wall 3, lock members 13,... Taper-shaped on one side are provided to fix the swing side walls 3, 3 to the fixed side walls 2, 2. The end portions of the fixed side wall 2 and the swing side wall 3 are sandwiched by one tapered surface, and the lever 12 screwed into the lock member 13 is tightened to fix the swing side walls 3 and 3 to the fixed side wall. Fix to 2 and 2. Each swing side wall 3 can be opened and closed with a handle 14 fixed to the swing side wall 3.

  When pulverizing the workpiece, the swinging side walls 3 and 3 are fixed to the fixed side walls 2 and 2 by tightening the lever 12. When an object to be processed is put into the feeding hopper 60 arranged at the upper part of the housing and the electric motor 11 is turned on, the rotary shaft 25 rotates at a predetermined rotational speed, and the roughing blade 4 and the grinding blade 6 are moved. Rotate. The rotation direction is a direction in which the coarse crushing blade 4 and the crushing blade 6 are engaged with the fixed blade 7 from the upper side to the lower side and are engaged with the scraper 5 from the lower side to the upper side.

  Thus, the object to be processed is first crushed by the cooperation of the crushing blade 4 and the fixed blade 7 and chopped into a size that can easily bite into the crushing blade 6. The roughly crushed object to be processed is pulverized into a pulverized material of a predetermined size by the cooperation of the pulverizing blade 6 and the first fixed blade 7a, and is sent to the lower side of the casing as the pulverizing blade 6 rotates. The material receiving unit 91 is discharged. Further, among the pulverized material pulverized to a predetermined size, the material adhering to the side surface of the pulverizing blade 6 due to static electricity is scraped off on the lower surface of the scraper 5 by the cooperation of the pulverizing blade 6 and the scraper 5, and receives the material. It is discharged to the part 91.

  A part of the object to be processed roughly crushed by the crushing blade 4 is sent to the lower side of the fixed blade 7 by the rotation of the crushing blade 4, but is received by the crushing blade cover 31 and again of each crushing blade 6. While being sent to the upper side, the material receiving portion 91 is prevented from being accidentally discharged.

  In addition, after pulverizing the workpiece, dust (crushed pieces) is formed on the upper surface and edge of the fixed blade 7, the upper surface and end of the scraper 5, the surface of the pulverizing blade 6, the surface of the roughing blade 4, and the roughing blade cover. It remains on the outer side and the inner side of 31, the inside of the fixed side walls 2, 2, the inside of the swing side walls 3, 3.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a rotary shaft 25 is mounted substantially at the center of the fixed side wall 2, and the coarse crushing blade 4 and the crushing blade 6 are fitted on the rotary shaft 25 at predetermined positions. Fixed blades 7 (first fixed blade 7a and second fixed blade 7b) are fixed to the inner upper surface of one of the swing side walls 3 so as to be inclined downward toward the rotating shaft 25. The rough crushing blade cover 31 is provided on the rotation track of the rough crushing blade 4 below 7.

  A scraper 5 is fixed on the inner upper surface of the other oscillating side wall 3 so as to incline downward toward the rotating shaft 25, and is disposed below the scraper 5 and on the rotational trajectory of the coarse crushing blade 4. Is provided with a crushing blade cover 31.

  Each crushing blade cover 31 has a subarc-shaped annular shape having a predetermined thickness, and an inner side forms a space that is grooved along the rotation path of the crushing blade 4. In a state where the swinging side walls 3 and 3 are closed, one end portions of the crushing blade cover 31 come into contact with each other, and the unprocessed wrap around the fixed blade 7 and the scraper 5 as the crushing blade 4 rotates. Receive the crushed pieces.

  Shaft bodies 21 and 21 (first oscillating shafts) are suspended from a surface substantially vertically below the rotating shaft 25 and close to the fixed side wall 2 of the oscillating side wall 3 in parallel with the axial direction of the rotating shaft 25. ing. The shaft bodies 22, 22 (second swing shafts) are arranged on the outer side of the shaft body 21 and parallel to the axial direction of the shaft body 21. It hangs on the adjacent surface.

  The shaft bodies 21 and 22 have insertion holes through which the shaft bodies 21 and 22 are inserted, and a substantially elliptical connecting plate 23 is provided between the fixed side wall 2 and the swing side wall 3 around the shaft bodies 21 and 22. It is pivotally attached. A notch surface 32 inclined downward from the outside to the inside is formed above the linkage plate 23 of the swing side wall 3. The notch surface 32 contacts the upper side surface of the linking plate 23 when the oscillating side wall 3 is opened, thereby locking the oscillating side wall 3 and the linking plate 23 and rotating them together. The shape is not limited to a surface, and a curved surface, an uneven shape, or the like can be appropriately set as long as it can be locked.

  A cylindrical fixing pin 24 is vertically suspended from the lower side of the rotation shaft 25 and on the sliding surface of the fixed side wall 2 with the swing side wall 3 to fix the swing side wall 3. A sliding surface with the side wall 2 is formed with a semicircular arc-shaped fitting surface 34 that fits the fixing pin 24 in a state where the swing side wall 3 is closed. This prevents the swinging side wall 3 from shaking up and down when the swinging side wall 3 is closed. When the swinging side wall 3 is opened and closed, the cutting edges such as the rough crushing blade 4 and the crushing blade 6 The blade edge is prevented from being damaged due to interference with the scraper 5 or the like.

  4 is a cross-sectional view of main parts taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of main parts taken along line V-V in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, a suction port 92 communicating with the suction pipe 90 is provided in the material receiving portion 91 provided below the casing of the pulverizer 50. Further, a charging hopper 60 is placed above the casing of the pulverizer 50, and an open / close damper 70 is provided in the middle thereof. The upper space 83 of the pulverizer 50 is a closed space by being surrounded by the damper 71 and the charging hopper 60.

  An intake opening 80 having a rectangular cross section is provided on the wall surface of the charging hopper 60 between the casing of the pulverizer 50 and the damper 71. The shape of the intake opening 80 is not limited to a rectangular shape, but a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a shape constituted by a plurality of parallel slits, a shape constituted by a grid-like slit, etc. Any shape may be used as long as a desired wind speed can be obtained. In addition, the height position of the intake opening 80 may be a position between the casing of the pulverizer 50 and the damper 71, but the position is appropriately set so that a desired wind speed can be obtained at the intake opening 80. Can be set. Note that a notch or a groove may be formed on the upper surface of the casing (the fixed side wall 2 and / or the swinging side wall 3) of the pulverizer 50 to form an intake opening.

  A box-shaped cover 81 whose upper side is opened is attached to the intake opening 80. The cover 81 prevents the pulverized material from scattering outside the pulverizer 50. Note that the cover 81 is not necessarily provided. Details of the intake opening 80 will be described later.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a guide 62 is provided in the middle part of the charging hopper 60 (where the charging path is bent). The guide 62 is attached so as to be rotatable about the upper end portion. When a workpiece is thrown in from the loading port 61, the workpiece is smoothly moved downward and the workpiece to be crushed is thrown in. It prevents splashing from the mouth 61 to the outside.

  An air pipe 40 from an external compressed air source is inserted into the wall surface of the input hopper 60 below the damper 71, and a compressed air injection port (nozzle) 41 is provided at the tip of the air pipe 40. Yes. The injection port 41 is arranged so that compressed air can be injected in the direction of the rotary blades (the crushing blade 6 and the crushing blade 4). Moreover, you may arrange | position the injection port 41 so that compressed air can be injected toward the groove | channel of the rough crushing blade cover 31. FIG. In the example of FIG. 5, the two injection ports 41 are arranged along the direction of the rotation axis 25, but may be arranged with the rotation axis 25 in between. The structure which provides one injection port 41 may be sufficient, and it can also provide only the number of the crushing blades 4. Further, the air pipe 40 and the injection port 41 are not essential and may be configured not to be provided. In FIG. 5, only a part of the lower side of the crushing blade cover 31 is shown for convenience.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a main part of the intake opening 80 of the present embodiment. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the portion indicated by the symbol A in FIG. As described above, the cover 81 has a box shape with the top opened, and is attached so as to cover the intake opening 80. A metal mesh 82 is attached to the upper surface of the cover 81. The shape of the cover 81 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 6, and may have any shape and structure as long as the pulverized material can be prevented from scattering from the intake opening 80.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement example of the intake openings 80 of the present embodiment. FIG. 7 illustrates the arrangement relationship of the wall surface of the charging hopper 60, the intake opening 80 provided on the wall surface, the damper 71, and the like. As shown in FIG. 7, two intake openings 80 are provided on the side wall of the closing hopper 60 below the open / close damper 70. In the figure, for convenience, the side wall of the charging hopper 60 is indicated by a solid line. That is, the intake opening 80 is provided on each of the upper sides near the two corners on the diagonal line of the casing of the pulverizer 50. In the example of FIG. 7, the air that has flowed from the intake opening 80 at the upper right in the drawing flows in the lower left direction within the housing. In addition, the air that has flowed in from the lower left intake opening 80 in the drawing flows in the upper right direction in the housing. As a result, the air flowing in from the intake opening 80 flows in a vortex in the housing, and the gap between the crushing blade 6 and the fixed blade 7, the gap between the crushing blade 6 and the scraper 5, the crushing blade 4 and the fixed blade 7, And the crushing blade 4 and the scraper 5, and the crushing blade 4 and the crushing blade cover 31.

  The arrangement of the intake opening 80 is not limited to the example of FIG. 7, and the intake opening 80 can be provided on the upper side of the opposite side wall of the housing. Further, one or a plurality of intake openings 80 may be provided on each of the opposing side walls. Moreover, you may provide the intake opening part 80 in each of 4 side walls. Thereby, it becomes possible to take in air into a housing | casing from a different direction, and air can be poured evenly in the clearance gap in a housing | casing.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the crushing system according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, one end of a suction tube 90 is connected to the suction port of the material receiving portion 91 of the pulverizer 50. Two transport pipes 101 and 103 are connected to the other end of the suction pipe 90 via a switching valve 110. That is, one end of the transport pipe 101 is connected to the switching pipe 110b of the switching valve 110. One end of the transport pipe 103 is connected to the switching pipe 110a of the switching valve 110.

  The other end of the transport pipe 101 is connected to a collector 140 as a collector, and the collector 140 is attached with a blending device 141. The blending device 141 supplies a mixture of the pulverized material and the main material (pellet) to the molding machine. In addition, it can replace with the compounding apparatus 141 and can also attach a molding machine.

  The collector 140 includes a filter, collects the pulverized material pneumatically transported from the transport pipe 101 with the filter, and filters the dust. One end of the transport pipe 102 is connected to the collector 140. The other end of the transport pipe 102 is connected to the switching pipe 120 b of the switching valve 120. The other end of the transport pipe 103 is connected to the switching pipe 120a of the switching valve 120.

  One end of the intake pipe 104 is connected to the switching valve 120. The other end of the intake pipe 104 is connected to a collector (for example, a cyclone type) 132. A dust collection box 133 is attached to the collector 132. The collector 132 includes a filter, collects dust that is pneumatically transported via the intake pipe 104, and collects it in the collection box 133. One end of an intake pipe 105 is connected to the collector 132, and a blower 131 as an intake means is connected to the other end of the intake pipe 105. Dust is removed by the collector 132 and the filtered air returns to the blower 131 via the intake pipe 105. The blower 131, the collector 132, and the collection box 133 constitute a suction loader unit 130.

  In the configuration described above, the intake pipes 90, 104, 105 between the blower 131 and the intake port of the pulverizer 50 are connected to one of the transport pipes 101, 102 and the other transport pipe 103 via the switching valves 110, 120. The one of the transport pipes 101 and 102 is provided with a pulverized material collecting means such as a collector 140. Note that the configuration of the crushing system is not limited to the example of FIG. The structure which abbreviate | omitted any one of the transport pipe branched into two may be sufficient. Also, the pulverizer can be provided with two intake pipes independently, one for accommodating the pulverized material, and the other for collecting dust. Moreover, the structure which juxtaposes the some grinder 50 may be sufficient.

  Next, operation | movement of the grinding | pulverization system of this Embodiment is demonstrated. In the case of the configuration illustrated in FIG. 8, the operation of the crushing system has two states. One operating state is cleaning each time dust is removed (cleaned) every time the sprue runner is pulverized by the pulverizer 50, and the other operating state is once after the pulverizing process is finished and before the next pulverizing process. It is cleaning at the time of changing the stage for cleaning.

  First, the case of cleaning each time will be described. In this case, the switching valve 110 is switched to the switching pipe 110b side, the intake pipe 90 and the transport pipe 101 are connected, and the intake pipe 90 and the transport pipe 103 are not connected. Further, the switching valve 120 is switched to the switching pipe 120b side, the intake pipe 104 and the transport pipe 102 are connected, and the intake pipe 104 and the transport pipe 103 are not connected. That is, the flow of suction air reaches the blower 131 from the intake port of the pulverizer 50 through the intake pipe 90, the transport pipes 101 and 102, and the intake pipes 104 and 105.

  When the pulverization process is performed, the damper 71 of the open / close damper 70 is opened. Then, the sprue runner is charged from the charging hopper 60 manually or by using a molding machine take-out machine. By operating the blower 131 and operating the pulverizer 50, the pulverized material is transported to the collector 140 through the intake pipe 90 and the transport pipe 101 by pneumatic transportation. In the collector 140, the pulverized material is collected by a filter and stored in the blending device 141. In this case, the dust transported by air mixed with the pulverized material is filtered by the filter of the collector 140, transported through the transport pipe 102 and the intake pipe 104, collected by the collector 132, and collected by the collection box 133. Is done.

  When the desired sprue runner is crushed, the damper 71 of the open / close damper 70 is closed. The operation of the blower 131 may be temporarily stopped when the pulverization process is completed. By operating the blower 131 with the damper 71 closed, air having a high flow velocity flows into the housing from the intake opening 80 of the pulverizer 50, and the pulverization blade 6, the coarse pulverization blade 4, the fixed blade 7, and the scraper 5. The air flows as a turbulent flow along the wall surface of the crushing blade cover 31 and the like, and flows to the intake pipe 90 through the gaps of the respective parts in the casing. The dust carried by pneumatic transportation is transported through the intake pipe 90, the transport pipe 101, the filter of the collector 140, the transport pipe 102, and the intake pipe 104, collected by the collector 132, and collected in the collection box 133. .

  That is, the pulverized material pulverized by the pulverizer 50 through the suction tube 90 is collected by the collector 140, and the pulverized material and the dust are separated, whereby the dust is automatically cleaned every time the pulverization is performed. it can.

  Next, cleaning during setup change will be described. In this case, the switching valve 110 is switched to the switching pipe 110a side, the intake pipe 90 and the transport pipe 103 are connected, and the intake pipe 90 and the transport pipe 101 are not connected. Further, the switching valve 120 is switched to the switching pipe 120a side, the intake pipe 104 and the transport pipe 103 are connected, and the intake pipe 104 and the transport pipe 102 are not connected. That is, the flow of suction air reaches the blower 131 through the intake pipe 90, the transport pipe 103, and the intake pipes 104 and 105 from the intake port of the pulverizer 50.

  When the sprue runner grinding process is completed, the damper 71 of the open / close damper 70 is closed. By operating the blower 131 with the damper 71 closed, air having a high flow velocity flows into the housing from the intake opening 80 of the pulverizer 50, and the pulverization blade 6, the coarse pulverization blade 4, the fixed blade 7, and the scraper 5. The air flows as a turbulent flow along the wall surface of the crushing blade cover 31 and the like, and flows to the intake pipe 90 through the gaps of the respective parts in the casing. The dust carried by pneumatic transportation is transported through the intake pipe 90, the transport pipe 103, and the intake pipe 104, collected by the collector 132, and collected by the collection box 133.

  That is, the dust adhering to the inside of the casing of the pulverizer 50 is removed from the adhering surface by the flow of air with a high wind speed, and is recovered in the recovery box 133 via the transport pipe 103 switched by the switching valves 110 and 120. The Thereby, the pulverized material and the dust can be separated and recovered at the time of changing the setup such as when different materials such as color or material are pulverized.

  Next, dust removal will be described. As described above, by operating the blower 131 with the damper 71 closed, air having a high flow velocity flows into the casing by sucking air from the intake opening 80 of the pulverizer 50, and the pulverizing blade 6, Air flows as a turbulent flow along the surfaces of the blade 4, the fixed blade 7, the scraper 5, the roughing blade cover 31, and the like, and flows to the intake pipe 90 through the gaps of the respective parts in the casing. Dust adhering to each part in the housing is attached by this flow of air with a high flow velocity, that is, air that is not laminar but turbulent and has high wind speed flows on the surface of each part or the gap between each part. Separated from the surface and removed. If the suction operation is performed with the damper 71 opened, the air flow becomes a laminar flow due to the opening 61 being opened, and the air flows through the space portion of the charging hopper 60 and pulverized. The blade 6 flows into the gap between the crushing blade 4 and only the low-speed air flows on the surface of the fixed blade 7 scraper 5 and the like, and the cleaning effect is extremely lowered.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing an example of dust removal of the pulverizer 50 of the present embodiment. FIG. 9 shows a state of a cross section in a virtual plane that is perpendicular to the rotation shaft 25 and passes through the outer peripheral surface of the grinding blade 6. As shown in FIG. 9, the oscillating side wall 3 is disposed on both sides of the pulverizing blade 6, and a gap exists between the inner wall of the oscillating side wall 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the pulverizing blade 6. As shown in FIG. 9, the high-speed air S <b> 1 flowing from the intake opening 80 flows vigorously between the inner wall of the swing side wall 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the pulverizing blade 6 as a flow path to the intake port 92. And flow.

  The high-speed air S1 flowing from the intake opening 80 becomes a turbulent flow, flows along the surfaces of the fixed blade 7 and the scraper 5, and separates dust adhering to the surfaces of the fixed blade 7 and the scraper 5 from the adhesion surface. And remove it. The air S1 passes through a relatively narrow gap between the inner wall of the oscillating side wall 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the pulverizing blade 6 so that the wind speed does not decrease so much on the surface of the inner wall of the oscillating side wall 3 and the surface of the pulverizing blade 6. It flows as turbulent along. Thereby, the dust adhering to the inner wall surface of the oscillating side wall 3 and the surface of the crushing blade 6 is separated and removed from the adhering surface. In particular, since the pulverizing blade 50 is operated to suck and rotate the pulverizing blade 6, air with a high wind speed spreads over the entire surface of the pulverizing blade 6.

  FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing another example of dust removal of the pulverizer 50 of the present embodiment. FIG. 10 shows a state of a cross section in a virtual plane that is perpendicular to the rotation shaft 25 and passes through the outer peripheral surface of the crushing cover 31. As shown in FIG. 10, the roughing blade cover 31 formed on the swing side wall 3 has a circular arc-shaped groove and has a concentric shape with a part missing. There are gaps between the crushing blade 4 and the inner wall of the crushing blade cover 31 and between the crushing blade cover 31 and the crushing blade 6. As shown in FIG. 10, the high-speed air S <b> 2 flowing from the intake opening 80 flows vigorously using the inside of the coarse blade cover 31 and the gap between the coarse blade cover 31 and the fine blade 6 as a flow path. It flows to the intake port 92.

  The high-speed air S2 flowing from the intake opening 80 becomes a turbulent flow, flows along the surfaces of the fixed blade 7 and the scraper 5, and separates dust adhering to the surfaces of the fixed blade 7 and the scraper 5 from the adhesion surface. And remove it. The air S2 passes through a relatively narrow gap between the surface of the crushing blade 4, the inside of the crushing blade cover 31, and the crushing blade cover 31 and the crushing blade 6, so that the wind speed does not decrease so much. It flows as a turbulent flow along the outer and inner surfaces of the cover 31 and the surface of the grinding blade 6. Thereby, the dust adhering to the surface of the coarse crushing blade 4, the coarse crushing blade cover 31, and the crushing blade 6 is separated and removed from the adhesion surface. In particular, since the pulverizer 50 is operated and sucked while rotating the crushing blade 4, the air having a high wind speed spreads over the entire surface of the crushing blade 4.

  When the upper space of the pulverizer 50 is closed and sucked through the suction port 92, the wind speed of the intake opening 80 is 8 meters / second or more. When the wind speed is less than 8 meters / second, the dust adhering to the inside of the housing cannot be blown (moved), and there are places where the dust cannot be removed. If the wind speed is 8 meters / second or more, the flow of air when passing through the gap in the housing can be increased and dust can be removed.

  FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a measurement example of the wind speed of the intake opening 80. FIG. 11 shows the configuration of a measuring jig 200 for measuring the wind speed. In the measuring jig 200, a circular hole 205 is formed at the bottom of a box 202 having an opening 201 on one side, and a cylindrical straight tube 203 is connected to the hole 205. A hot-wire wind speed probe is provided in the middle of the straight pipe 203, and the wind speed of the air flowing through the straight pipe 203 can be detected.

  In measuring the wind speed at the intake opening 80, the measurement jig 200 is brought into contact with the charging hopper 60 provided with the intake opening 80 so that the opening 201 of the box 202 covers the intake opening 80. When the measured wind speed is v (m / sec), the inner area of the straight pipe 203 is s, and the opening area of the intake opening 80 is S, the wind speed V of the intake opening 80 is obtained by V = s × v / S. be able to.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the suction port 92 is disposed below the casing of the pulverizer 50, and the suction port 92 communicates with the suction pipe connected to the blower 131. By operating the blower 131, the air in the housing can be sucked from the suction port 92 below the housing. The charging hopper 60 and the damper 71 close the upper space of the casing of the pulverizer 50 and include an intake opening 80 for sucking air into the closed space. Since the space above the housing is closed, when air is sucked from the suction port 92, the pressure in the closed space decreases, and the air is vigorously moved from the outside of the housing through the intake opening 80. Flow into. The air that flows in from the intake opening 80 passes through gaps such as the crushing blade 6, the crushing blade 4, and the fixed blade 7 in the housing without flowing down the momentum (wind speed) and flows to the suction port 92. That is, the air from the intake opening 80 to the suction port 92 vigorously flows through any gaps in the casing, and dust adhered to the casing is separated from the adhesion surface and cleaned. In particular, since the suction is performed while rotating the rotary blade by operating the pulverizer, air with a high wind speed spreads over the entire surface of the rotary blade. This eliminates the need for manual cleaning such as disassembly, and allows dust to be cleaned in a short time. For example, it is possible to automatically reduce the cleaning work which has conventionally required about 30 minutes by hand to about 1 minute.

  In addition, a charging hopper 60 and an opening / closing damper 70 for opening and closing the charging hopper 60 are provided. When closing the space above the housing, the space surrounded by the inner wall of the closing hopper 60 and the damper 71 is closed by closing the damper 71 of the open / close damper 70. That is, when cleaning the inside of the housing, the damper 71 is closed, and the damper 71 is opened when the workpiece is put in order to pulverize the workpiece. Thereby, by the opening and closing of the damper 71, the grinding | pulverization operation | work of a to-be-processed object and the removal operation | work (cleaning operation | work) of dust can be switched easily. Further, when the open / close damper 71 is provided in the charging hopper 60, the sprue runner that is intermittently input from the molding machine can be stored in the charging hopper 60 on the damper 71 even during cleaning, so that even during cleaning, Molding can be continued. The sprue runner stored in the loading hopper 60 on the damper 71 can be pulverized by opening the open / close damper 71 after completion of cleaning.

  An intake opening 80 is disposed between the housing and the opening / closing damper 70. Thereby, the air flowing in from the intake opening 80 flows from the upper side of the casing toward the inside of the casing and flows out of the casing from the suction port 92 below the casing, so that the air flows through all the gaps in the casing. Can do. Further, if an ion generator for removing static electricity is provided in the vicinity of the intake opening 80, the efficiency of removing deposits is further increased.

  Further, the casing of the pulverizer 50 has a rectangular shape in plan view, and is provided with intake openings 80 on the upper sides in the vicinity of two corners on the diagonal line of the casing. Since the intake openings 80 are provided in the vicinity of the four corners on the diagonal line of the four corners of the casing, the air that flows in vigorously from the intake openings 80 flows spirally in the casing and is fixed to the crushing blade 6 or the coarse crushing blade 4. Since it flows evenly into the gaps such as the blade 7, it is possible to clean every corner in the housing.

  Further, the fixed blade 7 includes a scraper 5 that is disposed to be inclined downward toward the rotation shaft 25 and is disposed to be inclined downward toward the rotation shaft on the opposite side of the fixed blade 7. When the damper 71 is closed and sucked through the suction port 92, the air flow from the suction opening 80 to the suction port 92 through the gap between the crushing blade 6 or the coarse crushing blade 4 and the fixed blade 7 or the scraper 5. Form a road. Thereby, the dust adhering to the crushing blade 6, the rough crushing blade 4, the fixed blade 7, the scraper 5, etc. can be removed.

  In addition, an injection port 41 that injects compressed air (high-pressure air) toward the groove of the rough crushing blade cover 31 is provided, and by injecting compressed air from the injection port 41 toward the groove of the rough crushing blade cover 31, Removal of dust adhering to the groove of the crushing blade cover 31 can be assisted. Moreover, even if dust rises by injection of compressed air, it can be removed by the air flowing from the suction opening 80 to the suction port 92, and the dust does not reattach. Further, if compressed air is jetted while the crusher 50 is operated, the compressed air can be sprayed over a wide range of the surface of the coarse crushing blade 4 even if the position of the injection port 41 is fixed.

  Moreover, the injection port 41 can also be arrange | positioned so that compressed air may be injected toward the crushing blade 6. FIG. By ejecting the compressed air from the ejection port 41 toward the rotary blade, it is possible to assist the removal of dust adhering to the pulverizing blade 6. Moreover, even if dust rises by injection of compressed air, it can be removed by the air flowing from the suction opening 80 to the suction port 92, and the dust does not reattach. Further, if compressed air is jetted while the crusher 50 is operated, the compressed air can be sprayed over a wide range of the surface of the crushing blade 6 even if the position of the injection port 41 is fixed. Further, if an ion generator for removing static electricity is provided in the compressed air, the efficiency of removing deposits is further increased.

Embodiment 2
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement example of the intake openings 80 according to the second embodiment. In the first embodiment, the intake opening 80 is disposed above the corner portion of the swinging side wall 2 facing each other with the crushing blade 6 therebetween, but the arrangement of the intake opening 80 is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, it can also provide above the fixed side wall 2 of the both ends of the crushing blade 6. FIG. Also in this case, the air flowing from the respective intake openings 80 rotates in a spiral shape on the upper surface of the pulverizer 50 and flows uniformly into the gap between the pulverizing blade 6 or the coarse pulverizing blade 4 and the fixed blade 7. Can be cleaned to every corner.

Embodiment 3
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the intake opening 80 according to the third embodiment. In the above-described embodiment, the intake opening 80 is provided below the charging hopper pipe 60. However, the present invention is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. 13, the intake opening 80 can be formed by partially opening the damper 71 of the open / close damper 70. That is, the damper 71 is partially opened to such an extent that a gap is generated between the end of the damper 71 and the wall surface of the charging hopper 60. When cleaning the inside of the case of the pulverizer 50, the damper 71 is not completely closed but is partially opened so that a gap is formed. When pulverizing the workpiece, the damper 71 is completely opened.

  By changing the partially opened state of the damper 71 (how much it is opened), the size of the intake opening 80 can be freely adjusted. Thereby, since the intake opening 80 can be shared by the open / close damper 70, it is not necessary to separately provide the intake opening 80 on the wall surface of the charging hopper 60, and the wind speed of the air flowing through the intake opening 80 can be adjusted. It becomes possible. For example, the degree of opening of the damper 71 can be adjusted according to the capacity and performance of the blower 131, and the degree of freedom in designing the grinding system can be increased.

Embodiment 4
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the intake opening 80 of the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 15 is a side view of the main part of the intake opening 80 of the fourth embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, a rectangular intake opening 80 is provided at a required position of the charging hopper 60. An opening / closing door 64 having a size capable of closing the intake opening 80 is disposed on the inner wall of the closing hopper 60, and a fixing plate 63 for attaching the opening / closing door 64 so as to be opened and closed is fixed to the inner wall of the closing hopper 60. One end side of the fixed plate 63 is coiled and biased in a direction to close the open / close door 64. A weight 65 is attached to the lower side of the opening / closing door 64 so as to close the intake opening 80 by its own weight.

  When the damper 71 is opened, the opening / closing door 64 remains blocking the intake opening 80 by its own weight and the urging force of the fixing plate 63 even if the damper 71 is sucked from the suction port 92. When the damper 71 is closed and the closed space is formed by the charging hopper 60 and the damper 71 above the pulverizer 50, the pressure in the closed space decreases when the suction is performed from the suction port 92, and the outside of the opening / closing door 64. The air pressure is higher than the inside, the open / close door 64 is opened, and air flows in from the outside of the intake opening 80. The open / close door 64 opens the intake opening 80 at a position where the force of the air flow and the biasing force are balanced.

Embodiment 5
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the pulverizer 50 according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view at the same position as in FIG. The difference from the above-described embodiment is that the open / close damper 70 is not provided. As shown in FIG. 16, a closing door 66 is attached to the rotation mechanism 67 on the upper portion of the charging hopper 60, and the charging hopper 60 can be opened and closed by the charging door 66. That is, the closed space 83 can be formed above the pulverizer 50 by closing the charging door 66. The height of the charging hopper 60, that is, the size of the closed space 83 can be set as appropriate.

  In the example of FIG. 16, the input door 66 is provided on the upper side of the input hopper 60. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the input door 66 is provided at a middle height position or on the lower side. You can also

  In the above-described embodiment, the pulverizer has a configuration in which the swing side wall is opened. However, the swing side wall opening / closing mechanism may have any structure. Further, the pulverizer casing may be fixed with four side walls without having the swing side walls, or the four side walls may be integrated. Further, the present invention can be applied not only to a single-shaft pulverizer but also to a biaxial pulverizer in which a coarse pulverization blade and a pulverization blade are attached to separate rotary shafts.

  In the above-described embodiment, if the size of the intake opening 80 is reduced, the intake air from the intake opening 80 cannot be sufficiently ensured with respect to the intake air from the blower 131, the air does not flow and the wind speed does not flow. Can't get fast air flow. Further, when the size of the intake opening 80 is increased, the wind speed is decreased. By appropriately setting the size of the intake opening 80, the wind speed at the intake opening 80 can be set to 8 meters / second.

  In the above-described embodiment, a special sealing process is not necessary at the place where the casing of the pulverizer 50 and the charging hopper 60 abut. In the closed space in the present embodiment, for example, sufficient closing performance can be ensured by placing the charging hopper 60 on the housing.

  In the above-described embodiment, a slit or a hole through which air flows may be provided at the lowermost portion of the arcuate outer peripheral surface of the grinding blade cover. However, the dimension of the slit or the hole needs to be set to such a size that the workpiece not pulverized to a predetermined size does not pass through and fall. Thereby, air will flow further into the lowest part of the groove | channel of the rough crushing blade cover, and dust can be removed.

  The present invention is not limited to the examples.

2 Fixed side wall (housing, side wall)
3 Swing side wall (housing, side wall)
4 Coarse blade (rotary blade)
5 Scraper 6 Grinding blade (Rotating blade)
7 Fixed blade 25 Rotating shaft 31 Crushing blade cover 40 Air piping 41 Injection port 50 Crusher 60 Input hopper 70 Opening / closing damper 71 Damper 72 Air cylinder 80 Intake opening 83 Closed space 90 Intake pipe 91 Material receiving portion 92 Intake port 110, 120 Switching valve 101, 102, 103 Transport pipe 104, 105 Intake pipe 140 Collector (collecting means)

Claims (13)

A housing that is open on the upper side and the lower side, a rotary blade that is attached to a rotary shaft that is placed horizontally in the housing, and a fixed blade that is engaged with the rotary blade and disposed in the housing, In the pulverizer that pulverizes the workpiece by cooperation between the blade and the fixed blade,
A suction port disposed below the housing;
A closing portion for closing the upper space of the housing;
And a suction opening for sucking air into the space closed by the closing portion. The blocking part is
A loading hopper placed on the housing for loading a workpiece;
An opening and closing damper for opening and closing the charging hopper,
2. The pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein the pulverizer is configured to close a space surrounded by the charging hopper and the open / close damper.   The pulverizer according to claim 2, wherein the intake opening is disposed between the casing and the open / close damper.   The pulverizer according to claim 2, wherein the opening / closing damper is partially opened to form the intake opening. The housing includes four side walls having a rectangular shape in plan view,
The pulverizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising the intake opening on an upper side of the opposing side wall. The housing has a rectangular shape in plan view,
The pulverizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the intake opening is provided on each of the upper sides in the vicinity of two corners on a diagonal line of the casing. The fixed blade is disposed to be inclined downward toward the rotation axis,
A scraper disposed on the opposite side of the fixed blade so as to be inclined downward toward the rotation axis;
When sucked through the suction port in the case where the space is closed by the closed portion,
7. The air flow path from the intake opening to the suction port through a gap between the rotary blade and the fixed blade or scraper is formed from claim 1 to claim 6. The pulverizer according to any one of the above.   8. The air velocity of the intake opening is 8 meters / second or more when sucked through the suction port when the space is closed by the closed part. A crusher according to claim 1.   The pulverizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising an injection port for injecting compressed air toward the rotary blade. The rotary blade has a crushing blade protruding in an arc shape from the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft,
A rough blade cover having an arc-shaped groove surrounding the rotation region of the rough blade;
The pulverizer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising: an injection port that injects compressed air toward the groove of the rough crushing blade cover.   A pulverizer according to any one of claims 1 to 10, a suction pipe communicating with a suction port of the pulverizer, and an intake means connected to the suction pipe. Grinding system.   The pulverization system according to claim 11, further comprising a collecting unit that collects the pulverized material in the suction pipe. The suction tube is
It has two transport pipes branched via a switching valve,
The pulverization system according to claim 12, wherein the collecting means is interposed in one transport pipe.

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