JP2013071046A - Crusher and crushing system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher and a crushing system which allow cleaning in a short time without manual cleaning work.SOLUTION: Above a housing, there is arranged an air pipe unit having an air inflow hole 82, an annular air tube 81 communicating with the air inflow hole 82 and an upper lid covering the top of the housing. In the annular air tube 81 of the air tube unit, there are formed two or more nozzle holes 812 directed to the housing. Compressed air taken in intermittently from the air inflow hole 82 is blown out from the two or more nozzle holes 812 through the annular air tube 81.

Description

  The present invention relates to a pulverizer capable of facilitating cleaning of pulverized pieces or dust, shortening the cleaning time, and preventing pulverized pieces or dust from remaining, and a pulverizing system including the pulverizer.

  In order to solve problems such as environmental pollution and an increase in industrial waste, the formation of a recycling society has become increasingly important. For example, in a molding plant that manufactures molded products or molded parts using synthetic resins typified by plastics, unnecessary parts called sprue runners or molding defects that occur during molding are collected to reuse the resources of resin materials. It is done to improve the rate.

  For recycling the resin material, the collected sprue runner is pulverized into a predetermined size with a pulverizer and used as a recycling resource. In order to make it easy for the pulverizer (processed object) introduced from the input hopper to bite into the pulverizing blade, the pulverizer is first crushed with the pulverizing blade, and the crushed material is predetermined with the pulverizing blade. It is pulverized into pulverized particles. Compared to a two-shaft pulverizer in which the coarse pulverizing blade and the fine pulverizing blade are fixed to different rotating shafts, the single-shaft pulverizer in which the pulverizing blade and the fine pulverizing blade are fixed to one rotating shaft is used. Because there are few drive parts to drive the rotating shaft and the structure is simple, it is used in many offices aiming to recycle in the factory.

  On the other hand, when changing the material to be crushed, it is necessary to clean the crushed pieces remaining in the pulverizer every time the material is changed so that different materials are not mixed. The crushed pieces have various shapes such as the gap between the crushing blades with a complicated shape of the cutting edge, the periphery of the crushing blade, and the inside of the crushing blade cover that prevents the material crushed by the crushing blade from being discharged. Therefore, in order to clean the inside of the pulverizer, it is necessary to remove the crushing blade, the crushing blade, and the like to perform disassembly and cleaning, which requires time for the cleaning operation and is difficult to clean. Therefore, in order to shorten the cleaning time and facilitate the cleaning operation, a pulverizer having a double-open structure on a pair of surfaces of the casing body covering the pulverization blade and the pulverization blade has been commercialized (Patent Document 1). reference).

Japanese Patent No. 3966892

  However, in the pulverizer of Patent Document 1, although the cleaning time of the pulverizer itself has been shortened, it is necessary to prepare a cleaning tool such as an air dust purge gun, a vacuum cleaner or a brush before cleaning. In addition, after the cleaning, a lot of time and labor that does not surface, including cleaning and cleaning of these cleaning tools, was wasted. For this reason, further reduction in labor and time for cleaning has been desired.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizer that can be cleaned in a short time without a manual cleaning operation and a pulverization system including the pulverizer.

  A crusher according to a first aspect of the present invention is a housing that is open on the upper and lower sides, a rotary blade that is attached to a rotary shaft that is placed horizontally in the housing, and that is disposed in the housing and engages with the rotary blade. In a pulverizer that includes a fixed blade and pulverizes an object to be processed by the cooperation of the rotary blade and the fixed blade, an air inflow hole that is disposed above the housing and communicates with the air inflow hole; An air pipe unit having an upper lid portion covering the upper part of the casing; and a suction port disposed under the casing for sucking air, wherein the air pipe unit is directed toward the casing. A plurality of nozzle holes are formed in the air pipe, and compressed air taken intermittently from the air inflow holes is blown out from the nozzle holes through the air pipe. To do.

  The pulverizer according to a second aspect of the present invention is the pulverizer according to the first aspect, wherein the casing has four side walls, and the air pipe unit has the air pipe disposed on the side walls, and the inner side of the side walls. The nozzle holes are arranged in the above.

  In the pulverizer according to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the rotary blade has a pulverization blade provided on the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft and a pulverization blade protruding in an arc shape from the peripheral surface. The air pipe unit includes a branch pipe branched from the air pipe in alignment with the position of the roughing blade and closed at the end, and a nozzle hole directed toward the roughing blade is provided in the branch. It is formed in a tube.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crusher according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein the upper and lower sides of the crusher are open, the rotary blade is attached to a rotary shaft placed horizontally in the casing, and the rotary blade is disposed in the casing and engages with the rotary blade. In a pulverizer that includes a fixed blade and pulverizes an object to be processed by the cooperation of the rotary blade and the fixed blade, an air inflow hole that is disposed above the housing and communicates with the air inflow hole; An air tube unit having an upper lid portion that covers the upper portion of the housing, and a suction port that is disposed below the housing and sucks air, and the rotary blade is provided on a peripheral surface of the rotating shaft. The air pipe has a closed end and is arranged in alignment with the position of the crushing blade, the crushing blade and the crushing blade protruding in an arc shape from the peripheral surface, A nozzle hole directed in the direction of the blade is formed.

  A pulverizer according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the pulverizer according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein the casing includes a side wall to which the fixed blade is fixed, and an opposite side wall facing the side wall, and a nozzle hole formed in the air pipe. It is provided on the opposite side wall side from the rotating shaft.

  A pulverizer according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the pulverizer according to any one of the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, wherein the air pipe unit is disposed at a position covering the upper opening of the casing and a position opening the opening of the casing. And a drive unit that moves between the two.

  A pulverizer according to a seventh aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to fifth aspects of the invention, the pulverizer includes an attachment portion that detachably attaches the air pipe unit to the housing.

  A pulverizer according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the storage device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the pulverizer has a storage space that is disposed below the housing and communicates with the suction port, and stores the crushed pieces. And a lower air pipe that has an air inflow hole on one end side, closes the other end side, and is disposed in the accommodation space, and the lower air pipe is directed toward the inner wall of the accommodation section. A plurality of first nozzle holes are formed.

  A pulverizer according to a ninth invention is the pulverizer according to the eighth invention, wherein the lower air pipe has a plurality of second nozzle holes directed in a direction in the housing, and the diameter of the second nozzle holes is the first nozzle hole. It is characterized by being larger than the diameter of one nozzle hole.

  In the pulverizer according to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the eighth aspect or the ninth aspect, the accommodating portion has an insertion hole through which the lower air pipe is inserted, and the lower air pipe is slidably attached. Features.

  A pulverization system according to an eleventh aspect of the invention includes a pulverizer according to any one of the above-described inventions, an air supply pipe communicating with an air inflow hole of the pulverizer, an air source connected to the air supply pipe, An air tank interposed in the air supply pipe, and a solenoid valve interposed in the air supply pipe between the air tank and the air inflow hole.

  In the first invention, an air pipe unit having an air inlet hole, an air pipe communicating with the air inlet hole, and an upper lid portion covering the upper side of the casing is arranged above the casing. The air pipe of the air pipe unit is formed with a plurality of nozzle holes directed toward the housing. A suction port for sucking air is arranged below the housing. For example, an intake pipe, a collector, a blower or the like is connected to the suction port. Thereby, an air flow path is formed in the order of the air inflow hole, the air pipe, the plurality of nozzle holes, the inside of the housing, and the suction port. And the compressed air taken in intermittently from the air inflow hole is blown out from the nozzle hole through the air pipe. In order to intermittently take compressed air into the air inflow hole, for example, an air tank and a solenoid valve of a required capacity are installed in the air supply pipe between the air inflow hole and the air source, and the air tank A small amount of accumulated air may be opened at once by opening the solenoid valve.

  The high-pressure air taken in from the air inlet hole once flows through the air pipe. Since the cross-sectional area (diameter) of the air pipe can be made larger than the cross-sectional area (diameter) of a pipe connected to a general injection nozzle, the pressure gradually increases as compressed air flows through the pipe. The pressure loss to be reduced can be reduced, and the air with high pressure can be discharged from the plurality of nozzle holes at once. Moreover, since the diameter (cross-sectional area) of the air tube can be made larger than the diameter of the plurality of nozzle holes, there is little pressure loss, and high-pressure air can be made almost uniform inside the tubular air tube. it can. For this reason, even if the distances (dimensions) from the air inflow holes to the nozzle holes are different, if the nozzle holes have the same diameter, air having a uniform pressure can be discharged from the plurality of nozzle holes. .

  The high-pressure air released from the plurality of nozzle holes can blow away crushed pieces (including dust) attached to the housing such as the rotary blade, the rotary shaft, the fixed blade, and the inner wall of the housing. The blown away crushed pieces are discharged from a suction port disposed below the housing. By intermittently repeating the required number of times and releasing the compressed air from the nozzle holes, the crushed pieces adhering to the pulverizer (inside the casing) can be automatically removed in a short time. Then, manual operations such as cleaning of a cleaning tool such as an air dust purge gun, a vacuum cleaner or a brush, and clean-up are unnecessary, and the grinder can be cleaned in a short time.

  In the second invention, the housing has four side walls. In the air pipe unit, an air pipe is arranged on the side wall, and a nozzle hole is arranged inside the side wall. That is, an air pipe having a rectangular shape in plan view is arranged on each of the four side walls, and a plurality of nozzle holes formed in the air pipe are arranged below the air pipe and inside the side wall. To do. As a result, compressed air (high-pressure air) is released from the nozzle holes to the inside of each side wall constituting the casing, so that the crushed pieces adhering to the casing are blown away and reliably removed (from the suction port to the outside of the pulverizer). For example, it can be discharged into a collector or the like.

  In the third invention, the rotary blade has a crushing blade provided on the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft and a crushing blade protruding in an arc shape from the peripheral surface. The air pipe unit is provided with a branch pipe branched from the air pipe and closed at the end thereof in alignment with the position of the crushing blade. That is, the branch pipe branched from the tubular air pipe arranged above the housing is arranged in alignment with the position of the crushing blade. The branch pipe is formed with a nozzle hole directed toward the crushing blade. As a result, compressed air (high-pressure air) can be discharged from the nozzle hole to the crushing blade protruding from the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft. The crushed pieces adhering to the blade) can be more reliably removed.

  In the fourth invention, an air pipe unit having an air inlet hole, an air pipe communicating with the air inlet hole, and an upper lid portion covering the upper side of the casing is disposed above the casing. The rotary blade has a crushing blade provided on the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft and a crushing blade protruding in an arc shape from the peripheral surface. The air pipe of the air pipe unit is closed at the end, arranged in alignment with the position of the crushing blade, and has a nozzle hole directed in the direction of the crushing blade. A suction port for sucking air is arranged below the housing. For example, an intake pipe, a collector, a blower or the like is connected to the suction port. Thereby, an air flow path is formed in the order of the air inflow hole, the air pipe, the nozzle hole, the inside of the housing, and the suction port. And the compressed air taken in intermittently from the air inflow hole is blown out from the nozzle hole through the air pipe. In order to intermittently take compressed air into the air inflow hole, for example, an air tank and a solenoid valve of a required capacity are installed in the air supply pipe between the air inflow hole and the air source, and the air tank A small amount of accumulated air may be opened at once by opening the solenoid valve.

  The high-pressure air taken in from the air inlet hole once flows through the air pipe. Since the cross-sectional area (diameter) of the air pipe can be made larger than the cross-sectional area (diameter) of a pipe connected to a general injection nozzle, the pressure gradually increases as compressed air flows through the pipe. The pressure loss to be reduced can be reduced, and the air with high pressure can be discharged from the nozzle hole at once. Moreover, since the diameter (cross-sectional area) of the air tube can be made larger than the diameter of the nozzle hole, there is little pressure loss, and high-pressure air can be made substantially uniform inside the tubular air tube. For this reason, even if the distance (size) from the air inflow hole to the nozzle hole is different, if the diameter of the nozzle hole is the same, air with a uniform pressure can be discharged from the plurality of nozzle holes.

  The high-pressure air released from the nozzle hole is released to the crushing blade protruding from the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, and the air reflected on the crushing blade is released into the housing, so the rotating blade, rotating shaft, fixed blade The crushed pieces (including dust) adhering to the inside of the casing such as the inner wall of the casing can be blown off. The blown away crushed pieces are discharged from a suction port disposed below the housing. By intermittently repeating the required number of times and releasing the compressed air from the nozzle holes, the crushed pieces adhering to the pulverizer (inside the casing) can be automatically removed in a short time. Then, manual operations such as cleaning of a cleaning tool such as an air dust purge gun, a vacuum cleaner or a brush, and clean-up are unnecessary, and the grinder can be cleaned in a short time.

  In the fifth invention, the housing includes a side wall to which the fixed blade is fixed and an opposite side wall facing the side wall. A nozzle hole formed in the air pipe is provided on the opposite side wall side from the rotation axis. The crushing blade projecting in an arc shape from the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft rotates on the upper side of the rotating shaft along the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft from the opposite side wall toward the side of the fixed blade. The material is crushed in cooperation with. Since the nozzle hole is provided on the opposite side wall from the rotating shaft, when compressed air (high-pressure air) is discharged from the nozzle hole, the crushing blade rotates, so the circumference of the crushing blade protruding in an arc shape The compressed air that hits the part changes its direction and is discharged into the casing without any problem. For example, when compressed air hits the outer peripheral portion, the compressed air is reflected by the arc-shaped outer peripheral portion and released to the opposite side wall side. Further, when compressed air hits the inner peripheral part of the rough crushing blade projecting in an arc shape, the compressed air is reflected by the arc inner peripheral part and released to the side wall side where the fixed blade is fixed, and the inside of the casing is reduced. Can be cleaned.

  In the sixth invention, the air pipe unit is provided with a drive unit that moves the air pipe unit between a position covering the upper opening of the casing and a position opening the opening of the casing. When cleaning the crusher, place the air pipe unit in a position that covers the opening on the upper side of the housing, and at the time of crushing processing, the material to be crushed can be put into the housing from the charging hopper arranged at the top of the housing. An air pipe unit is arranged at a position where the upper opening of the housing is opened. That is, the drive unit moves the air tube unit in the horizontal direction above the housing. An air cylinder etc. can be used for a drive part, for example. Further, a protrusion such as a rail may be arranged along the moving direction of the air tube unit, and the air tube unit may be manually slid along the protrusion. As a result, even when frequent cleaning is required during use of the pulverizer due to material switching, etc., simply sliding the air tube unit in the horizontal direction allows the pulverization process to the cleaning process, and further the cleaning process to the pulverization process. Can be moved easily, and the labor for preparing for cleaning can be greatly reduced.

  According to the seventh aspect of the invention, the air pipe unit is provided with a mounting portion that is detachably attached to the housing. The attachment portion is, for example, a fixing bracket for fixing the air pipe unit on the housing. As a result, even when frequent cleaning is required during use of the pulverizer due to switching of materials, etc., simply removing and attaching the air tube unit makes it easy to perform pulverization from cleaning to pulverization. Therefore, the labor for preparing for cleaning can be greatly reduced.

  In the eighth aspect of the invention, there is an accommodation space that communicates with the suction port, and an accommodation portion that accommodates the crushed pieces is disposed below the housing. A lower air pipe having an air inflow hole on one end side and closing the other end side is disposed in the accommodation space. For example, the lower air pipe can be arranged in the horizontal direction (lateral direction) in the accommodating portion. The lower air pipe is formed with a plurality of first nozzle holes directed toward the inner wall of the housing portion. The first nozzle hole can be formed, for example, at a position where compressed air is discharged in the horizontal direction from the lower air pipe and / or a position where compressed air is discharged obliquely downward from the lower air pipe.

  And the compressed air taken in intermittently from the air inflow hole is blown out from the nozzle hole through the lower air pipe in the same manner as the air pipe unit. In order to intermittently take compressed air into the air inflow hole, for example, an air tank and a solenoid valve of a required capacity are installed in the air supply pipe between the air inflow hole and the air source, and the air tank A small amount of accumulated air may be opened at once by opening the solenoid valve.

  The high-pressure air taken in from the air inflow passage once flows through the lower air pipe. Since the cross-sectional area (diameter) of the lower air pipe can be made larger than the cross-sectional area (diameter) of a pipe connected to a general injection nozzle, its pressure is reduced as compressed air flows through the pipe. The pressure loss that gradually decreases can be reduced, and the air that remains at high pressure can be discharged from the plurality of first nozzle holes at once. Further, since the diameter (cross-sectional area) of the lower air pipe can be made larger than the diameter of the plurality of first nozzle holes, there is little pressure loss, and high-pressure air is almost uniform inside the lower air pipe. can do. For this reason, even if the distances (dimensions) from the air inflow holes to the nozzle holes are different, if the nozzle holes have the same diameter, air having a uniform pressure is discharged from the plurality of first nozzle holes. be able to.

  When a material with a large friction coefficient and angle of repose, such as an elastomer, and a large elastic deformation is pulverized, the shape of the crushed pieces after pulverization is not a fine granular shape, but a linear chain shape or an irregular shape It is stretched at the time of cutting and has a long beard or a state of strong static electricity. For this reason, the crushed pieces are firmly adhered to the inside of the housing portion, and a bridge or a rat hole is formed, which may be in a closed state in the housing portion.

  The high-pressure air released from the plurality of first nozzle holes can blow away the crushed pieces firmly attached to the inner wall of the housing portion. And the blown-off crushed piece is discharged | emitted from the suction port connected with the accommodation space of an accommodating part. By intermittently repeating the required number of times and releasing the compressed air from the first nozzle hole, the crushed pieces adhering to the accommodating portion can be automatically removed in a short time. Then, manual operations such as cleaning of a cleaning tool such as an air dust purge gun, a vacuum cleaner or a brush, and clean-up are unnecessary, and the grinder can be cleaned in a short time.

  In the ninth invention, the lower air pipe has a plurality of second nozzle holes directed in the direction of the housing, and the diameter of the second nozzle holes is larger than the diameter of the first nozzle holes. The second nozzle hole can be formed, for example, at a position where the compressed air is discharged upward or obliquely upward from the lower air pipe. That is, the second nozzle hole can release compressed air from the lower side of the casing toward the rotary blade, the rotary shaft, the fixed blade, the inner wall of the casing, and the like. In addition, since the diameter of the second nozzle hole is larger than the diameter of the first nozzle hole, compressed air can be discharged to a wide range in the casing, and the crushed pieces adhering to the pulverizer (inside the casing) are automatically removed. Therefore, it can be removed in a shorter time.

  In the tenth invention, the housing portion has an insertion hole through which the lower air pipe is inserted, and the lower air pipe is slidably attached. At the time of cleaning, the lower air pipe can be arranged in the housing part, and at the time of pulverization, the lower air pipe can be slid and pulled out of the housing part. As a result, even when frequent cleaning is required during use of the pulverizer due to switching of materials, etc., simply sliding the lower air pipe from the pulverization process to the cleaning process, and further from the cleaning process to the pulverization process. It can be moved easily, and the labor for preparing for cleaning can be greatly reduced.

  In the eleventh invention, the pulverizer, the air supply pipe communicating with the air inlet hole of the pulverizer, the air source connected to the air supply pipe, the air tank interposed in the air supply pipe, and the air An electromagnetic valve interposed in the air supply pipe between the tank and the air inflow hole. Compressed air (high-pressure air) is stored in the air tank with the air supply pipe closed by a solenoid valve. By opening the solenoid valve, the compressed air stored in the air tank passes through the air supply pipe, reaches the air pipe unit, and is discharged from the plurality of nozzle holes at once. By repeatedly opening and closing the solenoid valve at appropriate intervals, compressed air can be intermittently released from the nozzle hole, and the crushed pieces adhering to the pulverizer (inside the casing) can be automatically removed in a short time. it can.

  According to the present invention, the crushed pieces adhering to the pulverizer (inside the casing) can be automatically removed in a short time. Then, manual operations such as cleaning of a cleaning tool such as an air dust purge gun, a vacuum cleaner or a brush, and clean-up are unnecessary, and the grinder can be cleaned in a short time.

2 is an external perspective view showing an outline of an installation example of a pulverizer according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view of a main part showing an example of a state where an air pipe unit of the pulverizer according to Embodiment 1 is removed. It is a principal part side view which shows an example of the state which removed the air pipe unit of the grinder which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view of a principal part showing an example of a state in which an air pipe unit of the pulverizer according to Embodiment 1 is attached. It is a side view which shows an example of the state which attached the air pipe unit of the grinder which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a front view which shows an example of the state which attached the air pipe unit of the grinder which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a bottom view showing an example of an air pipe unit according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example of an air pipe unit of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a main part external view showing an example of a lower air pipe of the first embodiment. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a pulverization system according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the other example of the installation method of an air pipe unit. It is a principal part top view which shows an example in the state which attached the air pipe unit of the grinder which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a front view which shows an example of the state which attached the air pipe unit of the grinder which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a side view which shows an example of the state which attached the air pipe unit of the grinder which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a side view which shows an example of the state which attached the air pipe unit of the grinder which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG.

(Embodiment 1)
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings illustrating embodiments thereof. 1 is an external perspective view showing an outline of an installation example of a pulverizer according to Embodiment 1. FIG. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 50 denotes a pulverizer according to the present embodiment. The pulverizer 50 includes a housing having an upper side and a lower side opened. The pulverizer 50 is fixed to a metal support 1 having an open center by bolts or the like. On the lower side of the support stand 1, a material accommodating portion (not shown in FIG. 1) attached to the lower portion of the pulverizer 50 is disposed. The accommodating portion has an accommodating section for accommodating the crushed pieces, and a suction pipe 65 connected to an intake means such as a blower is connected to a suction port communicating with the accommodating space.

  Above the crusher 50, a substantially S-shaped charging hopper 70 is provided. An opening / closing shaft is provided at the lower edge of the charging hopper 70, and the upper portion of the crusher 50 can be opened by rotating the charging hopper 70 about 90 degrees around the axis. The example of FIG. 1 shows a state where the charging hopper 50 is tilted by about 90 degrees, and represents, for example, a case where the crusher 50 is cleaned.

  Note that the inside of the charging hopper 70 is opened, and in a state where the charging hopper 70 is upright, the workpiece (sprung runner) charged from the charging port 71 is supplied to the pulverizer 50.

  Above the pulverizer 50, an air pipe unit 80 is detachably attached to the casing of the pulverizer 50 by an attachment metal fitting 84 as an attachment portion. The air pipe unit 80 includes an air inflow hole 82, an air pipe 81 communicating with the air inflow hole 82, an upper lid portion 83 that covers the upper part of the casing of the pulverizer 50, and the like. An air supply pipe 106 is connected to the air inflow hole 82. The air pipe 81 and the air inflow hole 82 can be made of metal, for example. Further, the upper lid portion 83 is made of, for example, a transparent synthetic resin, so that it is possible to visually check the removal status of the crushed pieces or the progress status of the cleaning from the outside.

  When the pulverization process is performed by the pulverizer 50, the air pipe unit 80 is removed from the casing of the pulverizer 50, and the charging hopper 70 is brought into an upright state. Further, when cleaning the pulverizer 50, the charging hopper 70 is inclined about 90 degrees, and the air pipe unit 80 is attached to the casing of the pulverizer 50.

  FIG. 2 is a main part plan view showing an example of a state in which the air pipe unit 80 of the pulverizer 50 according to the first embodiment is removed, and FIG. 3 shows the air pipe unit 80 of the pulverizer 50 according to the first embodiment. It is a principal part side view which shows an example of the removed state. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a pair of metal fixed side walls 2, 2 that are separated from each other by an appropriate length are provided on the upper surface of the support base 1, and on both sides of the fixed side walls 2, 2. A pair of metal swing side walls 3, 3 are arranged so as to be sandwiched between fixed side walls 2, 2, and the fixed side walls 2, 2, which are four side walls, and the swing side walls 3, 3 form a housing. Make up body. The casing of the pulverizer 50 is open on the upper side and the lower side.

  A bearing 10 is attached to a substantially central portion of one fixed side wall 2, and an electric motor 11 having a speed reducer is attached to the other fixed side wall 2, and interlocks with a motor shaft of the electric motor 11. A rotary shaft 25 is pivoted between the fixed side walls 2 and 2.

  In the space surrounded by the fixed side walls 2, 2 and the swing side walls 3, 3, coarse crushing blades 4, 4 and fine crushing blades 6, 6, 6 are accommodated as rotary blades fitted on the rotary shaft 25. Is done. The rough crushing blades 4 and 4 protrude in an arc from the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 25. That is, the crushing blades 4, 4 are in the form of an arm whose tip (blade edge) is curved in the rotational direction, and are arranged at an appropriate distance in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 25. The crushing blades 6, 6 and 6 are arranged between the fixed side wall 2 and the crushing blade 4 and between the crushing blades 4 and 4, and annular grooves are formed at predetermined intervals in the direction of the rotation shaft 25. The outer peripheral surface of the annular protrusion between adjacent annular grooves is formed in a sawtooth shape.

  The swinging side walls 3 and 3 can swing around swinging shafts 21 and 22 parallel to the rotation shaft 25. By opening the swinging side walls 3 and 3, the inside of the housing is opened upward. A rectangular plate-shaped first fixed blade 7a for pulverizing an object to be processed (a sprue runner) in cooperation with each crushing blade 4 and each crushing blade 6 is provided inside one of the swing side walls 3. ... and the fixed blade 7 comprised by the 2nd fixed blade 7b is being fixed so that it may incline below toward the inner side.

  The first fixed blade 7 a has a longitudinal dimension substantially the same as the axial dimension of the crushing blade 6, and one edge on the long side is uneven so as to mesh with the cutting edge of the crushing blade 6. It has a formed tooth portion and is fixed to the inside of the swing side wall 3 with bolts 9. In addition, a tooth portion for pulverizing the object to be processed is formed on the edge portion on the short side of the first fixed blade 7 a and close to the crushing blade 4 in cooperation with the crushing blade 4.

  The second fixed blade 7b has a longitudinal dimension that is substantially the same as the axial dimension of the oscillating side wall 3, and is one edge of the long side, in the vicinity of the coarse crushing blade 4, The tooth part which grind | pulverizes a to-be-processed object by cooperation with the rough crushing blade 4 is formed. The second fixed blade 7b is fixed to the inside of the swing side wall 3 so as to contact the other edge of the long side of the first fixed blade 7a,... With a bolt (not shown).

  In order to prevent discharge of a workpiece that is roughly crushed by the crushing blades 4 and 4 and is not crushed to a predetermined size, inside the swing side wall 3 and below the fixed blade 7. A crushing blade cover 31 is provided. The crushing blade cover 31 has an arc-shaped groove formed inside so as to cover the rotation tracks of the crushing blades 4 and 4.

  Inside the other oscillating side wall 3, the pulverized material pulverized to a predetermined size (grain shape) by the pulverizing blades 6, 6, 6 is scraped off, and the housing portion 73 (FIG. 5) on the lower side of the casing. A substantially rectangular plate-shaped scraper 5 for discharging to a reference) is fixed by bolts 8, 8, 8 so as to be inclined downward inward.

  The scraper 5 is formed with a rectangular cut in the part where the coarse crushing blades 4, 4 rotate, and is located at one edge on the long side and close to the crushing blades 6, 6, 6. Forms a scraping portion formed in a concavo-convex shape so as to mesh with the cutting edge of the crushing blade 6.

  In order to prevent discharge of an object to be processed that has been roughly crushed by the crushing blades 4 and 4 and not yet crushed to a predetermined size, inside the swing side wall 3 and below the scraper 5. A crushing blade cover is provided. The crushing blade cover has an arc-shaped groove formed inside so as to cover the rotation trajectory of the crushing blades 4 and 4. When both oscillating side walls 3 and 3 are closed, the respective crushing blade covers abut against each other at one end portion to form a space that covers the rotation trajectory of the crushing blades 4 and 4, and the uncrushed object to be processed Prevents things from being discharged.

  At the four corners of the casing constituted by each fixed side wall 2 and each swing side wall 3, lock members 13,... Taper-shaped on one side are provided to fix the swing side walls 3, 3 to the fixed side walls 2, 2. The end portions of the fixed side wall 2 and the swing side wall 3 are sandwiched by one tapered surface, and the lever 12 screwed into the lock member 13 is tightened to fix the swing side walls 3 and 3 to the fixed side wall. Fix to 2 and 2. Each swing side wall 3 can be opened and closed with a handle 14 fixed to the swing side wall 3.

  When pulverizing the workpiece, the swinging side walls 3 and 3 are fixed to the fixed side walls 2 and 2 by tightening the lever 12. When an object to be processed is put into the feeding hopper 60 arranged at the upper part of the housing and the electric motor 11 is turned on, the rotary shaft 25 rotates at a predetermined rotational speed, and the coarse crushing blade 4 and the fine crushing blade 6 are turned on. Rotates. The rotation direction is a direction in which the coarse crushing blade 4 and the fine crushing blade 6 are engaged with the fixed blade 7 from the upper side to the lower side and are engaged with the scraper 5 from the lower side to the upper side.

  Thus, the object to be processed is first crushed by the cooperation of the crushing blade 4 and the fixed blade 7 and chopped into a size that can easily bite into the crushing blade 6. The roughly crushed workpiece is pulverized into a pulverized material of a predetermined size by the cooperation of the pulverizing blade 6 and the first fixed blade 7a. Sent to the storage unit 73. Further, among the pulverized material pulverized to a predetermined size, the material adhering to the side surface of the pulverizing blade 6 due to static electricity is scraped off the lower surface of the scraper 5 by the cooperation of the pulverizing blade 6 and the scraper 5, It is discharged to the material receiving part 91.

  A part of the object to be processed roughly crushed by the crushing blade 4 is sent to the lower side of the fixed blade 7 by the rotation of the crushing blade 4, but is received by the crushing blade cover 31, and again each of the crushing blades 6. And is prevented from being accidentally discharged into the housing portion 73.

  In addition, after pulverizing the workpiece, the crushed pieces (dust) are the upper surface and edge of the fixed blade 7, the upper surface and end of the scraper 5, the surface of the pulverizing blade 6, the surface of the pulverizing blade 4, It remains on the outside and inside of the cover 31, inside the fixed side walls 2 and 2, inside the swing side walls 3 and 3, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a rotating shaft 25 is pivoted at a substantially central portion of the fixed side wall 2, and the crushing blade 4 and the crushing blade 6 are fitted on the rotating shaft 25 at predetermined positions. . Fixed blades 7 (first fixed blade 7a and second fixed blade 7b) are fixed to the inner upper surface of one of the swing side walls 3 so as to be inclined downward toward the rotating shaft 25. The rough crushing blade cover 31 is provided on the rotation track of the rough crushing blade 4 below 7.

  A scraper 5 is fixed on the inner upper surface of the other oscillating side wall 3 so as to incline downward toward the rotating shaft 25, and is disposed below the scraper 5 and on the rotational trajectory of the coarse crushing blade 4. Is provided with a crushing blade cover 31.

  Each crushing blade cover 31 has a subarc-shaped annular shape having a predetermined thickness, and an inner side forms a space that is grooved along the rotation path of the crushing blade 4. In a state where the swinging side walls 3 and 3 are closed, one end portions of the crushing blade cover 31 come into contact with each other, and the unprocessed wrap around the fixed blade 7 and the scraper 5 as the crushing blade 4 rotates. Receive the crushed pieces.

  Shaft bodies 21 and 21 (first oscillating shafts) are suspended from a surface substantially vertically below the rotating shaft 25 and close to the fixed side wall 2 of the oscillating side wall 3 in parallel with the axial direction of the rotating shaft 25. ing. The shaft bodies 22, 22 (second swing shafts) are arranged on the outer side of the shaft body 21 and parallel to the axial direction of the shaft body 21. It hangs on the adjacent surface.

  The shaft bodies 21 and 22 have insertion holes through which the shaft bodies 21 and 22 are inserted, and a substantially elliptical connecting plate 23 is provided between the fixed side wall 2 and the swing side wall 3 around the shaft bodies 21 and 22. It is pivotally attached. A notch surface 32 inclined downward from the outside to the inside is formed above the linkage plate 23 of the swing side wall 3. The notch surface 32 contacts the upper side surface of the linking plate 23 when the oscillating side wall 3 is opened, thereby locking the oscillating side wall 3 and the linking plate 23 and rotating them together. The shape is not limited to a surface, and a curved surface, an uneven shape, or the like can be appropriately set as long as it can be locked.

  A cylindrical fixing pin 24 is vertically suspended from the lower side of the rotation shaft 25 and on the sliding surface of the fixed side wall 2 with the swing side wall 3 to fix the swing side wall 3. A sliding surface with the side wall 2 is formed with a semicircular arc-shaped fitting surface 34 that fits the fixing pin 24 in a state where the swing side wall 3 is closed. Accordingly, the swinging side wall 3 is prevented from shaking up and down when the swinging side wall 3 is closed. When the swinging side wall 3 is opened and closed, the cutting edges of the crushing blade 4 and the crushing blade 6 are fixed to the cutting edge of the fixed blade 7. The blade edge is prevented from being damaged by interference with the scraper 5 or the like.

  FIG. 4 is a main part plan view showing an example of a state in which the air pipe unit 80 of the pulverizer 50 according to the first embodiment is attached, and FIG. 5 shows the air pipe unit 80 of the pulverizer 50 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a side view showing an example of an attached state, and FIG. 6 is a front view showing an example of an attached state of the air pipe unit 80 of the pulverizer 50 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a bottom view showing an example of the air pipe unit 80 of the first embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example of the air pipe unit 80 of the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the air pipe 81 of the air pipe unit 80 has a rectangular shape in plan view, and has a shape in which four pipe members are joined in a rectangular shape. The shape of the air pipe 81 is not limited to an annular shape. The external dimensions of the air pipe 81 are slightly smaller than the external dimensions of the casing so that the air pipe 81 can be mounted on the casing (the fixed side wall 2 and the swinging side wall 3) of the pulverizer 50. The outer (outer periphery) portion of the bottom surface of the air tube 81 is placed on the housing, and the inner (inner periphery) portion of the bottom surface of the air tube 81 extends from the edge of the housing to the inside of the housing. A plurality of nozzle holes 812 are provided in the housing. Then, compressed air (high-pressure air) can be discharged from the nozzle hole 812 in the direction indicated by the symbol A in FIG.

  One of the four corners of the air pipe 81 is provided with an air inflow hole (more specifically, a socket in which an air inflow hole is formed, hereinafter also referred to as an air inflow hole) 82. An air supply pipe 106 can be connected to 82. In addition, the air inflow hole 82 is not limited to the structure provided in the corner | angular part of the air pipe 81, You may provide in the middle part of one side of the air pipe 81 which makes four sides.

  On one side of the air pipe 81, two branch pipes 85 whose ends are blocked are branched in alignment with the positions of the two crushing blades 4. A nozzle hole 851 is formed on the bottom surface of the branch pipe 85 in the direction of the crushing blade 4. In addition, the branch pipe 85 is not an essential configuration, and may have a configuration without the branch pipe 85. 4 and 5, the branch pipe 85 is branched from the air pipe 81 on the side of the oscillating side wall 3 provided with the scraper 5. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the fixed blade 7 is provided. Further, the branch pipe 85 may be branched from the air pipe 81 on the swing side wall 3 side. Or the structure provided with both, ie, four branch pipes, may be sufficient. In the example of FIG. 4, the rough crushing blades 4 are provided. However, if the number of the crushing blades 4 is different, the branch pipe 85 is provided according to the number of the crushing blades 4. Good. In addition, in the example of FIG. 4, the upper cover part 83 is abbreviate | omitted for convenience.

  As shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8, the air pipe 81 is formed by joining four pipe members so that the planar view (or the bottom view) forms a rectangular ring shape. A plurality of nozzle holes 812 are formed in the longitudinal direction along the inner edge on the bottom surface of the air pipe 81. In addition, two branch pipes 85 are branched into one pipe member of the air pipe 81, and the distal end portion of the branch pipe 85 is closed.

The branch pipe 85 is formed with a nozzle hole 851 having a diameter larger than that of the nozzle hole 812. The diameter of the nozzle hole 812 is about 2.5 mm, for example, and the nozzle hole 851 of the branch pipe 85 is about 9.4 mm. The cross-sectional shape of the air tube 81 is a rectangular shape, and has a dimension of about 24 mm × 24 mm, for example. In this case, the cross-sectional area of the air flow path of the air pipe 81 is about 576 mm ² (square millimeter).

  Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the branch pipe 85 is a rectangular shape, for example, has a dimension of about 24 mm × 24 mm. Further, the joint surface between the pipe member of the air pipe 81 and the branch pipe 85 is communicated with, for example, an opening having a diameter of about 18 mm to 20 mm. The inner diameter of the air inflow hole (socket) 82 is, for example, about 27 mm. In addition, each above-mentioned dimension is an example, Comprising: It is not limited to these.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, nine nozzle holes 812 are arranged in one opposing tube member so that the distance between them is, for example, about 28 mm. The six nozzle holes 812 are arranged so that the distance between them is, for example, about 33 mm. In other words, the pair of fixed holes that intersect with the rotation shaft 25 are spaced from the nozzle holes 812 formed in the air pipes (tube members) disposed on the pair of swinging side walls 3 parallel to the rotation shaft 25 of the pulverizer 50. The distance between the nozzle holes 812 formed in the air pipe (pipe member) disposed on the side wall 2 is made smaller. Thereby, since the compressed air (high-pressure air) discharged from the nozzle hole 812 is jetted into the casing along the inclined surface of the swing side wall 3, the crushed pieces adhering to the casing can be easily blown off. It becomes.

  Further, an attachment member for removably fixing the air tube unit 80 to the casing (specifically, the swinging side wall 3) of the pulverizer 50 on the outer peripheral surface of one opposing tube member of the air tube 81. 86 is provided.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, below the casing of the pulverizer 50, there is an accommodation space that communicates with the suction port of the suction pipe 65, and an accommodation portion 73 for accommodating the crushed pieces is provided. It is. A lower air pipe 90 having an air inflow hole 92 on one end side of the pipe member 91 and closing the other end side is disposed in the housing space.

  For example, the lower air pipe 90 can be arranged in the horizontal direction (lateral direction) in the housing portion 73. The lower air pipe 90 is formed with a plurality of first nozzle holes directed in the direction of the inner wall of the housing portion 73 (the direction indicated by the symbol B in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6). The first nozzle hole is, for example, a position where compressed air is discharged from the lower air pipe 90 in the horizontal direction (the direction indicated by reference numeral C in FIG. 5) and / or obliquely downward (see FIG. 5 or FIG. 5). 6 (in the direction indicated by reference numeral D).

  The accommodating part 73 has the insertion hole 731 which penetrates the lower air pipe 90, and the lower air pipe 90 is attached so that sliding is possible. As shown by a symbol L in FIG. 6, the lower air pipe 90 can be disposed in the housing portion 73 during cleaning, and the lower air tube 90 can be slid out of the housing portion 73 during pulverization. Thus, even when frequent cleaning is required during use of the pulverizer 50 due to material switching or the like, the sliding process from the pulverization process to the pulverization process from the cleaning process can be performed simply by sliding the lower air pipe 90. Can be moved easily, and the labor for preparing for cleaning can be greatly reduced.

  FIG. 9 is a main part external view showing an example of the lower air pipe 90 of the first embodiment. FIG. 9A is an external view of the lower air tube 90 in a plan view, and corresponds to an external view when the lower air tube 90 is disposed in the housing portion 73. FIG. 9B is a front view of the lower air pipe 90, and corresponds to the outer view when the lower air pipe 90 is disposed in the accommodating portion 73 from the lateral direction. FIG. 9C shows the appearance of the lower air pipe 90 as viewed from the bottom, and corresponds to the appearance seen from below when the lower air pipe 90 is disposed in the housing portion 73. As shown in FIG. 9, the lower air pipe 90 includes a pipe member 91 that closes one end 910 and opens the other end 920.

  On the upper side of the lower air pipe 90 (pipe member 91), a plurality of nozzle holes 911 (second nozzle holes) directed in the direction in the casing of the pulverizer 50 in a state where the lower air pipe 90 is disposed in the accommodating portion 73. Is formed. The diameter of the nozzle hole 911 is, for example, about 6.5 mm. Further, the direction of the nozzle hole 911 is shifted by, for example, about ± 12 ° with respect to the vertical direction. Thereby, compressed air (high pressure air) can be discharged in a wide range in the housing.

  A plurality of nozzle holes 912 (first nozzle holes) directed toward the upper portion of the housing portion 73 in a state where the lower air tube 90 is disposed in the housing portion 73 on the lateral side of the lower air tube 90 (tube member 91). ) Is formed. The diameter of the nozzle hole 912 is, for example, about 2.5 mm. The direction of the nozzle hole 912 is, for example, the horizontal direction (lateral direction). Thereby, compressed air (high-pressure air) can be discharged to a wide area inside the housing portion 73, particularly in an upper portion of the housing portion 73.

  Further, below the lower air pipe 90 (pipe member 91), a plurality of nozzle holes 913 (first) directed toward the lower portion of the housing part 73 in a state where the lower air pipe 90 is disposed in the housing part 73. Nozzle hole). The diameter of the nozzle hole 913 is, for example, about 3.0 mm. Further, the direction of the nozzle hole 913 is shifted by about ± 30 ° with respect to the vertical direction, for example. As a result, compressed air (high pressure air) can be discharged to the inside of the housing portion 73, particularly to the lower portion or the bottom portion of the housing portion 73.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the grinding system according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, the pulverization system includes a pulverizer 50, an air supply pipe 106 communicating with the air inlet hole 82 of the air pipe unit 80, an air source 100 connected to the air supply pipe 106, and an air supply pipe 106. And a solenoid valve 104 interposed in the air supply pipe 106 between the air tank 103 and the air inflow hole 82, a filter 101 and a regregator 102 interposed in the air supply pipe 106. The pulverization system also includes an air supply pipe 106 communicating with the air inflow hole 92 of the lower air pipe 90, an electromagnetic valve 105 interposed in the air supply pipe 106 between the air tank 103 and the air inflow hole 92, and the like. .

  The suction pipe 65 is connected to a material transport pipe. The transport pipe is connected to a collection unit 107 including a filter, a collector, a collection box for collecting dust, a blower, and the like.

  The compressed air (high pressure air) is accumulated in the air tank 103 with the air supply pipe 106 closed by the electromagnetic valves 104 and 105. For example, by opening the solenoid valves 104 and 105 at the same time or by shifting for a required time, the compressed air stored in the air tank 103 passes through the air supply pipe 106 and reaches the air pipe unit 80 and reaches a plurality of nozzles. It is released at once from the hole. Similarly, the compressed air stored in the air tank 103 passes through the air supply pipe 106, reaches the lower air pipe 90, and is discharged at once from the plurality of nozzle holes. Then, by opening and closing the solenoid valves 104 and 105 at an appropriate cycle (for example, once every 0.5 to 2 seconds), the plurality of nozzle holes formed in the air pipe unit 80 and the lower air pipe 90 are used. The compressed air can be discharged intermittently, and the crushed pieces adhering to the inside of the pulverizer 50 (inside the casing) and the accommodating portion 73 can be automatically removed in a short time. It should be noted that the air from the suction pipe 65 can always be sucked when the grinder 50 is cleaned.

  If a required amount of compressed air (high pressure air) can be stored in the air supply pipe 106 between the air source 100 and the solenoid valve 104 or 105, the air tank 103 is not provided. Also good. In the example of FIG. 10, two electromagnetic valves are provided. However, one electromagnetic valve is provided on the downstream side of the air tank 103, and the air supply pipe is branched into two on the downstream side of the electromagnetic valve. But you can.

  As described above, the pulverizer 50 of the present embodiment includes the air pipe unit 80 having the air inflow hole 82, the annular air pipe 81 communicating with the air inflow hole 82, and the upper lid portion 83 covering the upper part of the casing. It is arranged above. In the air pipe 81 of the air pipe unit 80, a plurality of nozzle holes 812 directed toward the housing are formed. Thus, an air flow path is formed in the order of the air inflow hole 82, the annular air pipe 81, the plurality of nozzle holes 812, the inside of the housing, and the suction port of the suction pipe 65. Then, the compressed air taken intermittently from the air inflow hole 82 is blown out from the nozzle hole 812 through the air pipe 81.

  The high-pressure air taken in from the air inflow passage 82 once flows through the air pipe 81. Since the cross-sectional area (diameter) of the air pipe 81 can be made larger than the cross-sectional area (diameter) of a pipe connected to a general injection nozzle, its pressure is reduced as compressed air flows through the pipe. The pressure loss that gradually decreases can be reduced, and the air that remains at high pressure can be discharged from the plurality of nozzle holes 812 at once. In addition, since the diameter (cross-sectional area) of the air pipe 81 can be made larger than the diameter of the plurality of nozzle holes 812, there is little pressure loss and high-pressure air is almost uniform inside the tubular air pipe 81. can do. For this reason, even if the distance (dimension) from the air inflow hole 82 to each nozzle hole 812 is different, when the diameter of the nozzle hole 812 is the same, air of uniform pressure is discharged from the plurality of nozzle holes 812. can do.

  The high-pressure air discharged from the plurality of nozzle holes 812 is crushed by adhering to the inside of the casing such as the rotary blade (crushing blade 6 and crushing blade 4), the rotary shaft 25, the fixed blade 7, the scraper 5, and the inner wall of the casing. Pieces (including dust) can be blown away. Then, the blown away crushed pieces are discharged from the suction pipe 65 disposed below the housing. By intermittently repeating the required number of times and releasing the compressed air from the nozzle holes 812, the crushed pieces adhering to the pulverizer (inside the casing) can be automatically removed in a short time. Then, manual operations such as cleaning of a cleaning tool such as an air dust purge gun, a vacuum cleaner or a brush, and clean-up are unnecessary, and the grinder can be cleaned in a short time.

  The casing of the pulverizer 50 has four side walls (the fixed side wall 2 and the swing side wall 3). In the air pipe unit 80, an air pipe 81 is disposed on the side wall, and a nozzle hole 812 is disposed on the inner side of the side wall. That is, an air tube 81 having a rectangular shape in plan view is arranged on each of the four side walls, and a plurality of nozzle holes 812 formed in the air tube 81 are provided below the air tube 81 and inside the side walls. Arrange so that As a result, compressed air (high-pressure air) is released from the nozzle holes 812 to the inside of each side wall constituting the casing, so that the crushed pieces adhering to the casing are blown away and reliably removed (from the suction port of the pulverizer). It can be discharged to the outside, for example, a collector.

  The air pipe unit 80 includes a branch pipe 85 that is branched from the air pipe 81 and is closed at the end, in alignment with the position of the crushing blade 4. That is, the branch pipe 85 branched from the tubular air pipe 81 arranged above the housing is arranged in alignment with the position of the roughing blade 4. The branch pipe 85 is formed with a nozzle hole 851 directed toward the crushing blade 4. Thereby, since the compressed air (high-pressure air) can be discharged from the nozzle hole 851 to the inside of the cover portion covering the rough crushing blade 4 and the rough crushing blade 4 protruding from the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 25, the rough crushing blade The crushed pieces adhering to 4 etc. can be blown away, and the crushed pieces adhering to the inside of the casing (in particular, the inside of the crushing blade 4 or the crushing blade cover 31) can be more reliably removed.

  Moreover, the attachment part 84 which attaches the air pipe unit 80 to a housing | casing so that attachment or detachment is possible is provided. The attachment portion 84 is, for example, a fixing bracket for fixing the air tube unit 80 on the housing. As a result, even when frequent cleaning is required during use of the pulverizer 50 due to material switching or the like, simply removing and attaching the air pipe unit 80 enables the pulverization process to the cleaning process, and further the cleaning process to the pulverization process. It can be easily moved and the labor for preparing for cleaning can be greatly reduced.

  In addition, the accommodating portion 73 is provided with a lower air pipe 90 having an air inflow hole 92 on one end side and closing the other end side. For example, the lower air pipe 90 can be arranged in the horizontal direction (lateral direction) in the housing portion 73. The lower air pipe 90 is formed with a plurality of first nozzle holes 912 and 913 directed toward the inner wall of the housing portion 73. The first nozzle holes 912 and 913 are formed, for example, at a position where compressed air is discharged in the horizontal direction from the lower air pipe 90 and / or a position where compressed air is discharged obliquely downward from the lower air pipe 90. Can do.

  Then, similarly to the air pipe unit 80, the compressed air taken intermittently from the air inflow hole 92 is blown out from the nozzle holes 912 and 913 through the lower air pipe 90. The high-pressure air taken in from the air inflow path 92 once flows through the lower air pipe 90. Since the cross-sectional area (diameter) of the lower air pipe 90 can be made larger than the cross-sectional area (diameter) of a pipe that is connected to a general injection nozzle, its pressure is increased as compressed air flows through the pipe. Thus, the pressure loss that gradually decreases can be reduced, and the air that remains at high pressure can be discharged from the plurality of first nozzle holes 912 and 913 at once. Further, since the diameter (cross-sectional area) of the lower air pipe 90 can be made larger than the diameters of the plurality of first nozzle holes 912 and 913, there is little pressure loss, and high-pressure air flows in the lower air pipe 90. It can be made almost uniform inside. Therefore, even if the distances (dimensions) from the air inflow hole 92 to the nozzle holes 912 and 913 are different, if the diameters of the nozzle holes 912 and 913 are the same, the plurality of first nozzle holes 912, Air having a uniform pressure can be discharged from 913.

  When a material with a large friction coefficient and angle of repose, such as an elastomer, and a large elastic deformation is pulverized, the shape of the crushed pieces after pulverization is not a fine granular shape, but a linear chain shape or an irregular shape It is stretched at the time of cutting and has a long beard or a state of strong static electricity. For this reason, the crushed pieces are firmly adhered to the inside of the housing portion, and a bridge or a rat hole is formed, which may be in a closed state in the housing portion.

  The high-pressure air discharged from the plurality of first nozzle holes 912 and 913 can blow away the crushed pieces firmly attached to the inner wall of the housing portion 73. The blown away crushed pieces are discharged from the suction pipe 65 communicating with the accommodation space of the accommodation portion 73. By intermittently repeating the required number of times and releasing the compressed air from the first nozzle holes 912 and 913, the crushed pieces adhering in the accommodating portion 73 can be automatically removed in a short time. Then, manual operations such as cleaning of a cleaning tool such as an air dust purge gun, a vacuum cleaner or a brush, and clean-up are unnecessary, and the grinder can be cleaned in a short time.

  The lower air pipe 90 has a plurality of second nozzle holes 911 directed in the direction of the housing, and the diameter of the second nozzle holes 911 is larger than the diameters of the first nozzle holes 912 and 913. The second nozzle hole 911 can be formed, for example, at a position where compressed air is discharged upward or obliquely upward from the lower air pipe 90. That is, the second nozzle hole 911 allows compressed air to flow from the lower side of the casing to the rotary blade (crushing blade 6 and crushing blade 4), the rotary shaft 25, the fixed blade 7, the scraper 5, the inner wall of the casing, and the like. Can be released. Further, since the diameter of the second nozzle hole 911 is larger than the diameter of the first nozzle holes 912 and 913, the compressed air can be discharged to a wide range in the casing and adheres to the crusher 50 (inside the casing). The crushed pieces to be removed can be automatically removed in a shorter time.

  In the above example, the air pipe unit 80 is detachable. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the air pipe unit 80 may be moved in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction). Good.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing another example of the installation method of the air pipe unit 80. As shown in FIG. 11, a mounting plate 76 for mounting the air tube unit 80 is provided on the bottom surface side of the air tube 81, and the mounting plate 76 can be moved in the horizontal direction by an air cylinder 75 as a drive unit. Like that.

  That is, the air pipe unit 80 is provided with a drive unit that moves between a position that covers the upper opening of the housing and a position that opens the opening of the housing. When cleaning the pulverizer, the air pipe unit 80 is disposed at a position covering the upper opening of the casing, and during the pulverizing process, the material to be pulverized can be input into the casing from the charging hopper disposed at the top of the casing. The air pipe unit 80 is disposed at a position where the upper opening of the housing is opened. The drive unit moves the air pipe unit 80 in the horizontal direction above the housing. An air cylinder etc. can be used for a drive part, for example.

  Further, a protrusion such as a rail may be arranged along the moving direction of the air tube unit 80, and the air tube unit 80 may be manually slid along the protrusion. Thus, even when frequent cleaning is required during use of the pulverizer 50 due to material switching or the like, the air pipe unit 80 can be simply slid in the horizontal direction from the pulverization process to the cleaning process, and further from the cleaning process. It is possible to easily move to the pulverization process, and the labor for preparing for cleaning can be greatly reduced.

  In the above-described embodiment, the compressed air (high-pressure air) is intermittently guided to the air inflow holes 82 and 92 and discharged from the nozzle hole to a required location. For example, a cleaning method in which compressed air is constantly blown. Compared to the above, the power consumption of the air source (air compressor) can be suppressed, and the electricity bill can be saved.

(Embodiment 2)
In the first embodiment described above, the air pipe is arranged along each side wall of the casing constituted by four side walls and a plurality of nozzle holes are provided. However, the configuration of the air pipe unit is as follows. It is not limited to. Hereinafter, the air pipe unit of Embodiment 2 will be described.

  FIG. 12 is a plan view of an essential part showing an example of a state in which the air pipe unit of the pulverizer according to Embodiment 2 is attached, and FIG. 13 is a state in which the air pipe unit of the pulverizer according to Embodiment 2 is attached. FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are side views showing an example of a state in which an air pipe unit of a pulverizer according to Embodiment 2 is attached. 14 and 15, the rotational position of the crushing blade 4 around the rotation axis 25 is different.

  In the second embodiment, the air pipe unit 180 includes an air inflow hole 182, an air pipe 181 communicating with the air inflow hole 182, and an upper lid portion 183 that covers the top of the housing. The air pipe 181 of the air pipe unit 180 is closed at the end, arranged in alignment with the position of the crushing blade 4, and has a nozzle hole 185 directed toward the crushing blade 4.

  The upper lid portion 183 has a size slightly larger than the opening on the upper side of the housing, and the four edge portions of the upper lid portion 183 are placed on a part of the upper surfaces of the side walls 2 and 3. Thereby, the upper cover part 183 is comprised so that the opening of the upper side of a housing | casing may be covered.

  On the upper surface of the upper lid portion 183, a straight air pipe 181 is fixed to the upper lid portion 183 with a fixture 186. The inside of the air pipe 181 forms an air passage having a circular cross-sectional shape, and the cross-sectional area of the air passage can be approximately the same as that of the first embodiment. A nozzle hole 185 is formed on the lower surface of the air pipe 181 so as to penetrate the upper lid portion 183. The diameter of the nozzle hole 185 is, for example, about 9.4 mm.

  An air inflow hole (more specifically, a socket in which an air inflow hole is formed, hereinafter also referred to as an air inflow hole) 182 is provided at one end of the air pipe 181 whose other end is closed. An air supply pipe 106 can be connected to 182.

  The nozzle hole 185 formed on the lower surface of the air pipe 181 is formed in the direction of the rough crushing blade 4 in alignment with the positions of the two crushing blades 4. Further, in the example of FIG. 12, the configuration includes two crushing blades 4. However, when the number of crushing blades 4 is different, the nozzle hole 185 is formed in the air pipe 181 according to the number of the crushing blades 4. What is necessary is just to form. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  With the above-described configuration, as shown in FIG. 13 to FIG. 15, the compressed air taken intermittently from the air inflow hole 182 is blown out from the nozzle hole 185 through the air pipe 181 (see reference numeral E). The high-pressure air taken in from the air inflow hole 182 flows through the air pipe 181. Since the cross-sectional area (diameter) of the air pipe 181 can be made larger than the cross-sectional area (diameter) of a pipe that is connected to a general injection nozzle, the pressure is reduced as the compressed air flows through the pipe. The pressure loss that gradually decreases can be reduced, and the air that remains at a high pressure can be discharged from the nozzle hole 185 all at once. Further, since the diameter (cross-sectional area) of the air pipe 181 can be made larger than the diameter of the nozzle hole 185, there is little pressure loss, and high-pressure air is made almost uniform inside the tubular air pipe 181. Can do. For this reason, even if the distance (dimension) from the air inflow hole 182 to the nozzle hole 185 is different, when the diameter of the nozzle hole 185 is the same, air of uniform pressure is discharged from the plurality of nozzle holes 185. be able to.

  The high-pressure air released from the nozzle hole 185 is released to the roughing blade 4 protruding from the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 25, and the air reflected by the roughing blade 4 is released into the housing. It is possible to blow away crushed pieces (including dust) attached to the housing such as the shaft, fixed blade, and inner wall of the housing. Then, the blown away crushed pieces are discharged from the suction pipe 65 disposed below the housing. By intermittently repeating the required number of times and releasing the compressed air from the nozzle holes 185, the crushed pieces adhering to the pulverizer (inside the casing) can be automatically removed in a short time. Then, manual operations such as cleaning of a cleaning tool such as an air dust purge gun, a vacuum cleaner or a brush, and clean-up are unnecessary, and the grinder can be cleaned in a short time.

  As shown in FIG. 14 or FIG. 15, the housing includes a side wall to which the fixed blade 7 is fixed, and an opposite side wall that faces the side wall. A nozzle hole 185 formed in the air pipe 181 is provided on the opposite side wall side from the rotating shaft 25. The crushing blade 4 projecting in an arc shape from the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 25 is located above the rotary shaft 25 along the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 25 from the opposite side wall side toward the side wall side to which the fixed blade 7 is fixed. The material is crushed by rotating and cooperating with the fixed blade 7. Since the nozzle hole 185 is provided on the opposite side wall from the rotary shaft 25, when the compressed air (high pressure air) is discharged from the nozzle hole 185, the coarse crushing blade 4 is rotating, so that the rough protruding in an arc shape. The compressed air that hits the peripheral parts (the outer peripheral part 41 and the inner peripheral part 42) of the crushing blade 4 changes its direction and is discharged into the casing without any problem.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 14, when the compressed air hits the outer peripheral portion 41 of the crushing blade 4, the compressed air is reflected by the arc-shaped outer peripheral portion 41 and released to the opposing side wall. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, when the compressed air hits the inner peripheral portion 42 of the crushing blade 4 protruding in an arc shape, the compressed air is reflected by the arc-shaped inner peripheral portion 42 and the fixed blade 7 is fixed. It is discharged to the side wall side, and the inside of the housing can be cleaned without any defects.

  In the above-described example, the nozzle hole 185 is provided on the opposite side wall side from the rotation shaft 25, but the position of the nozzle hole 185 is not limited to this. For example, the nozzle hole 185 may be provided on the side of the side of the rotating shaft 25 where the fixed blade 7 is fixed, or may be provided above the rotating shaft 25.

  In the second embodiment, the lower air pipe 90 may be provided, or the lower air pipe 90 may not be provided. Further, whether to adopt the air pipe unit 80 of the first embodiment or the air pipe unit 180 of the second embodiment can be appropriately determined according to the configuration, capacity, type, etc. of the pulverizer.

  In the first and second embodiments described above, the air pipe units 80 and 180 are arranged on the housing. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the air pipe units 80 and 180 are provided in the charging port 71 of the charging hopper 70. You can also. Thereby, even when crushed pieces or dusts scattered from the housing during the pulverization process adhere to the inside of the charging hopper 70, the inside of the charging hopper 70 can also be cleaned.

  In the first and second embodiments described above, the shape of the nozzle hole is circular. However, the shape is not limited to this, and the shape of the nozzle hole may be a slit-like elongated shape or an elliptical shape. . Moreover, although the cross section of the air pipe 81 and the branch pipe 85 was rectangular shape, it is not limited to this, A circular shape, a triangular shape, etc. may be sufficient.

  When a material having a large coefficient of friction and angle of repose such as an elastomer and pulverizing a material having a large elastic deformation is crushed and dust is firmly adhered to the inside of the suction tube 65 and the material transport tube due to friction or static electricity, An obstruction may be formed. In such a case, the pulverized material cannot be transported smoothly. Therefore, in the above-described embodiment, the air tube provided with the nozzle hole may be provided with an opening on the side opposite to the suction port of the suction tube 65 of the housing portion 73, and the air tube may be joined to the opening. Or you may join the air pipe | tube which provided the nozzle hole in the edge part to the suction pipe 65 or the middle part of the conveyance pipe | tube of material. By releasing the compressed air (high pressure air) in the direction of the suction pipe 65, the material that remains in the suction pipe 65 or the transport pipe and becomes blocked is discharged at once with the accumulated air. By releasing the filling pressure between the grains and allowing them to float, the fluidity can be increased and the blockage can be eliminated.

  In the first and second embodiments described above, a detection sensor such as powder or particles is provided at a required location in the housing, and the nozzle is repeatedly and repeatedly compressed until no crushed pieces or dust is detected by the detection sensor. You may make it discharge | release air (high pressure air). Thereby, there is no need to visually monitor the cleaning status (removal of crushed pieces and dust), and the cleaning can be automatically completed while performing other operations away from the pulverizer 50, Labor saving can be improved. In addition, as a detection sensor, an optical dust sensor etc. can be utilized, for example.

  Further, a static eliminator may be provided in the suction pipe 65 or the transport pipe to neutralize static electricity of the crushed pieces or dust adhering to the inside of the suction pipe 65 or the transport pipe, thereby improving the fluidity. As the static eliminator, for example, a corona discharge type, a self-discharge type, a voltage application type, or the like can be used. In addition, a nozzle capable of discharging ion air can be provided in the housing portion 73, the suction pipe 65, the transport pipe, and the like.

  In the first and second embodiments described above, the two opposing side walls of the four surfaces are configured to swing. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the casing is a case where all the four side walls are fixed. May be. The crusher is not limited to a single-shaft type, and may be a biaxial type.

  The present invention is not limited to the examples.

2 Fixed side wall (housing, side wall)
3 Swing side wall (housing, side wall)
4 Coarse blade (rotary blade)
5 Scraper 6 Crushing blade (Rotating blade)
7 Fixed blade 25 Rotating shaft 80, 180 Air pipe unit 81, 181 Air pipe 82, 182 Air inflow hole 83, 183 Upper lid part 84 Mounting part 85 Branch pipe 812, 815, 185 Nozzle hole 65 Suction pipe (suction port)
73 accommodating portion 731 insertion hole 90 lower air pipe 91 pipe member 911 nozzle hole (second nozzle hole)
912, 913 Nozzle hole (first nozzle hole)
100 Air source 103 Air tank 104, 105 Solenoid valve 106 Air supply pipe

Claims (11)

A rotating blade mounted on a rotating shaft horizontally disposed in the housing; and a fixed blade that is disposed in the housing and engages with the rotating blade; In a pulverizer that pulverizes the workpiece by cooperation with the fixed blade,
An air pipe unit that is arranged above the housing and has an air inflow hole, an air pipe that communicates with the air inflow hole, and an upper lid that covers the top of the housing;
A suction port disposed under the housing and for sucking air;
The air pipe unit is
A plurality of nozzle holes directed in the direction of the housing are formed in the air pipe,
A pulverizer characterized in that compressed air taken intermittently from the air inlet hole is blown out from the nozzle hole through the air pipe. The housing is
Having four side walls,
The air pipe unit is
The air pipe is disposed on the side wall;
The pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle hole is disposed inside the side wall. The rotary blade is
A crushing blade provided on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft and a crushing blade protruding in an arc from the circumferential surface;
The air pipe unit is
A branch pipe branched from the air pipe in alignment with the position of the crushing blade and closed at the end;
The pulverizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a nozzle hole directed toward the rough crushing blade is formed in the branch pipe. A rotating blade mounted on a rotating shaft horizontally disposed in the housing; and a fixed blade that is disposed in the housing and engages with the rotating blade; In a pulverizer that pulverizes the workpiece by cooperation with the fixed blade,
An air pipe unit that is arranged above the housing and has an air inflow hole, an air pipe that communicates with the air inflow hole, and an upper lid that covers the top of the housing;
A suction port disposed under the housing and for sucking air;
The rotary blade is
A crushing blade provided on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft and a crushing blade protruding in an arc from the circumferential surface;
The air pipe is
A crusher characterized in that an end portion is closed, and is arranged in alignment with the position of the crushing blade, and a nozzle hole directed toward the crushing blade is formed. The housing is
A side wall to which the fixed blade is fixed;
An opposite side wall facing the side wall,
The pulverizer according to claim 4, wherein a nozzle hole formed in the air pipe is provided on the opposite side wall side from the rotation shaft.   The drive unit that moves the air pipe unit between a position that covers the upper opening of the casing and a position that opens the opening of the casing. The crusher of any one of Claims.   The pulverizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an attachment portion for detachably attaching the air pipe unit to the housing. An accommodating portion that is disposed below the casing and has an accommodating space that communicates with the suction port;
A lower air pipe having an air inflow hole on one end side, closing the other end side, and disposed in the accommodation space;
The lower air pipe is
The pulverizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a plurality of first nozzle holes are formed toward an inner wall of the housing portion. The lower air pipe is
A plurality of second nozzle holes directed in a direction within the housing;
The pulverizer according to claim 8, wherein the diameter of the second nozzle hole is larger than the diameter of the first nozzle hole. The accommodating portion is
Having an insertion hole for inserting the lower air pipe,
The pulverizer according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the lower air pipe is slidably attached.   The pulverizer according to any one of claims 1 to 10, an air supply pipe communicating with an air inflow hole of the pulverizer, an air source connected to the air supply pipe, and the air supply pipe A pulverization system comprising: an air tank interposed in the air tank; and a solenoid valve interposed in an air supply pipe between the air tank and the air inflow hole.

Images