JP5873387B2 - Leakage repair method for water storage facilities - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a water leakage repair method for a water storage facility.

  As a technique for stopping water leakage from dams and water tanks where water is stored, there is a method of spraying a water-stopping material using bentonite on the water surface and letting it settle and flow into the cracks (for example, , See Patent Document 1). This water stop material is constituted by mixing bentonite, a mixed aggregate composed of a plurality of aggregates having different particle diameters, and a gelling material. This water-stopping material settles in water with bentonite and gelling agent entering between the aggregates, so aggregates with different particle sizes settle to the bottom of the water without bonding to each other, causing cracks of various widths. It came to flow into.

JP 2004-36245 A

  However, in the method of Patent Document 1, since a water-stopping material is sprayed on the water surface, a lot of water-stopping material is required to flow into the cracks, and a lot of water-stopping material is contained in the water of the dam or the water tank. There was a problem that water material was mixed.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the water leak repair method of the water storage facility which can reduce the quantity of the water stop material to be used.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 includes a water shielding container installation step in which a water shielding container having an open bottom surface is installed so as to cover a water leakage location on the bottom of a water storage facility, A suspension supplying step of injecting a suspension containing a water blocking material, collecting water in the water shielding container, and circulating the water in the water shielding container. This is a method for repairing leaks in water storage facilities.

  According to such a method, since the suspension stays in the impermeable container and does not flow to the outside, even if a small amount of the water-stopping material is used, the suspension can effectively enter the water leakage location and can be water-stopped. Moreover, it becomes difficult to precipitate the water-stopping material by circulating the water in the impermeable container. In addition, the suspension spreads and fills in the impermeable container and reaches the water leakage location.

  In the suspension supplying step, it is preferable to inject the suspension near the bottom of the impermeable container and collect water from the vicinity of the top of the impermeable container.

  According to such a method, since the suspension can be injected into a place close to the water leakage location, the water-stopping material easily flows into the water leakage location. Further, the suspension is smoothly circulated in the water shielding container.

Furthermore, in the suspension feed step, the weight of the suspension is measured, it is preferable to estimate the weight of the water stopping material having entered the water leakage position from the change of the weight.

  According to such a method, the water-stopping effect can be estimated from the weight of the water-stopping material that has infiltrated into the water leakage location, so that improvement of the water-stopping performance can be achieved.

  In addition, the suspension contains bentonite and salt, and after the suspension supplying step, fresh water is injected into the impermeable container, and water in the impermeable container is recovered. It is preferable to further include a water purification step for reducing the salt concentration of water in the water shielding container.

  According to such a method, since bentonite flows into the water leaking part in a state where swelling is suppressed by the salt water, it contacts fresh water, so that it swells at the water leaking part, and the water stopping performance can be improved. Further, if the water shielding container is lifted after the salt concentration in the water shielding container is lowered, it is possible to suppress the salt water from flowing into the water storage facility.

  According to this invention, even if it is a small amount of water stop material, it can enter into a water leak location and can stop water.

It is a schematic sectional side view for demonstrating the equipment for enforcing the water leak repair method of the water storage facility which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the suspension supply process of the water leak repair method of the water storage facility which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the water purification process of the water leak repair method of the water storage facility which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the top view which showed the water shielding container of the other form. It is sectional drawing which showed the water-proof container of another form.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, the structure of the equipment for implementing the water leak repair method of the water storage facility which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 1, the water leakage repair facility 1 includes a water shielding container 10 having an open bottom, a support device 20 that supports the water shielding container 10, and a suspension containing a water blocking material in the water shielding container 10. And a suspension supply device 30 for injecting the liquid.

  The water-impervious container 10 has, for example, a circular bowl shape when viewed from the bottom, and is disposed so that the opening faces downward. The shape of the water shielding container 10 is not limited to this, and may be other shapes such as a cylindrical shape, a conical shape, and a polygonal pyramid shape. The water shielding container 10 is formed of a water shielding material. As the water shielding material, for example, a flexible water shielding sheet made of a resin material such as polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE) is employed. The impermeable container 10 includes a frame-shaped frame (not shown), and is configured by covering the frame with a water-impervious sheet. A fixed plate 11 is provided on the top of the water shielding container 10. The fixing plate 11 is a member for attaching the water shielding container 10 to the support device 20. The fixing plate 11 is provided with two through holes (not shown).

  The water shielding material is not limited to the water shielding sheet, and a highly rigid plate material such as a metal plate may be employed. When a plate material is used as the water-impervious material, the plate material may be appropriately welded and provided with a reinforcing member (not shown).

  A skirt 12 is provided on the peripheral edge of the opening at the lower end of the water shielding container 10. The skirt 12 is configured by a sheet member that has water shielding properties, has a large stretchability, and has a large followability to the water bottom. The skirt 12 is fixed to the periphery of the opening at the lower end of the water shielding container 10 in a watertight manner over the entire circumference. A weight (not shown) is provided on the peripheral edge of the lower end of the skirt 12, and the lower end of the skirt 12 is in contact with the water bottom by its own weight.

  The support device 20 suspends the impermeable container 10, and includes a first winch 21 for raising and lowering the impermeable container 10, a second winch 22 for raising and lowering the skirt 12, and the impermeable container 10. And a fixed frame 23 to be fixed.

  The fixed frame 23 is made of a steel material and is disposed on the upper part of the water shielding container 10. The fixed frame 23 includes an outer peripheral frame 24 and a center plate 25 provided at the center thereof. The outer peripheral frame 24 has a rectangular shape. The central plate 25 is connected to the outer peripheral frame 24 by a beam 26 arranged in a cross shape. The beam 26 is connected to an intermediate portion of each side of the outer peripheral frame 24. A fixed plate 11 at the top of the water shielding container 10 is attached to the center plate 25 by fastening means such as bolts and nuts. A through hole (not shown) having the same diameter is formed in the center plate 25 at a position corresponding to the through hole of the fixed plate 11. A wire passing plate 27 is provided above the fixed frame 23. The wire through plate 27 is for preventing the wire 21a unwound from the first winch 21 and the wire 22a unwound from the second winch 22 from spreading in water. The wire passing plate 27 is made of a flat plate material smaller than the outer peripheral frame 24, and has a plurality of wire passage holes (not shown). The wire passage hole will be described later up to the vicinity of the fixed frame 23 inside.

  A plurality (four in this embodiment) of first winches 21 are provided on a trolley 40 that floats on the water surface (only two are shown in FIG. 1). The tips of the wires 21a of the first winches 21 are connected to the four corners of the outer peripheral frame 24 through hooks (not shown). The first winch 21 is configured to wind and unwind the wire 21a at a constant speed in order to raise and lower the fixed frame 23 in a horizontal state.

  A plurality (four in this embodiment) of second winches 22 are provided on the carriage 40 (only two are shown in FIG. 1). The distal end portion of the wire 22 a of each second winch 22 is connected to the lower end portion of the skirt 12. The wires 22 a of the second winch 22 extend downward through the guide holes formed at the four corners of the outer peripheral frame 24. The second winch 22 unwinds the wire 22a until the wire 22a is loosened, thereby grounding the skirt 12 to the bottom of the water by its own weight.

  The suspension supply device 30 includes a manufacturing device 31 that manufactures a suspension, a liquid feeding pipe 35 that feeds the suspension from the manufacturing device 31 into the impermeable container 10, and a device that produces water in the impermeable container 10. And a collection pipe 36 that sucks up toward 31. In this embodiment, the suspension contains bentonite and salt (sodium chloride). Specifically, the suspension is configured by stirring bentonite, a salt, a suspended material, and water. Bentonite and suspended material constitute a water-stopping material. As the suspended material, a granular material (Rohm, clay) having a representative particle size smaller than the representative void size (for example, 25% passing particle size, average opening width, etc.) of the material constituting the ground of the water bottom is used. . Salt is added so that the salt concentration is about 2%. Bentonite has swelling properties, but swelling is suppressed by contact with salt water.

  The manufacturing apparatus 31 includes a suspension tank 32 and a stirring device 33. The suspension tank 32 is provided with a weight scale (not shown). The weigh scale measures the weight of the suspension in the suspension tank 32 (including the recovered water in the impermeable container 10). By measuring the weight of a certain volume of suspension with a weigh scale, the proportion of the water-stopping material (bentonite, suspension material) in the suspension can be estimated. The stirring device 33 includes a stirring blade that rotates in the suspension tank 32, and stirs bentonite, suspended material, salt, and water.

  The liquid feed pipe 35 has one end connected to the suspension tank 32 and the other end connected to the water shielding container 10. The liquid feeding pipe 35 passes through the through hole of the central plate 25 and the fixed plate 11, and the downstream end thereof extends to the vicinity of the water bottom inside the water shielding container 10. The liquid feeding pipe 35 is provided with a pump (not shown) so that the liquid feeding amount can be managed.

  The recovery pipe 36 has one end connected to the suspension tank 32 and the other end connected to the water shielding container 10. The collection pipe 36 passes through the through hole of the central plate 25 and the fixed plate 11, and the downstream end thereof is opened near the upper end portion inside the water shielding container 10. The liquid feed pipe 35 is provided with a pump (not shown) so that the recovered amount can be managed.

  Next, a water leakage repair method for a water storage facility implemented using the water leakage repair facility 1 having the above-described configuration will be described. The water leakage repair method for a water storage facility according to the present embodiment includes a water shielding container installation process, a salt water crystallization process, a suspension manufacturing process, a suspension supply process, a water purification process, and a water shielding container lifting process. Mainly prepared.

(Water shielding container installation process)
The water shielding container installation step is a step of installing a water shielding container having an open bottom so as to cover a water leakage location at the bottom of the water storage facility. First, the impermeable container 10 attached to the fixed plate 11 is attached to the fixed frame 23. At this time, the liquid feeding pipe 35 and the recovery pipe 36 are installed so as to open inside the water shielding container 10.

  Thereafter, the wire 21 a is unwound from the first winch 21 above the position where the water leakage point (crack) 3 of the bottom 2 is present, and the impermeable container 10 is lowered together with the fixed frame 23. At this time, the wire 22a is also unwound from the second winch 22, and the skirt 12 is made to follow the descent of the water shielding container 10 while the wire 22a is loosened. At this time, the distance from the water bottom of the impermeable container 10 is calculated from the unwinding amount of the wire 21a, and the first winch 21 is stopped when the impermeable container 10 is lowered to a predetermined depth. Thereafter, the second winch 22 is operated to unwind the wire 22a until the lower end of the skirt 12 contacts the bottom 2 (see FIG. 1).

(Salting process)
The salinization step is a step of replacing the water in the impermeable container 10 with salt water. In order to replace the water in the impermeable container 10 with salt water, salt water is fed into the impermeable container 10 through the liquid feeding pipe 35 and the same amount of water is collected in the collecting pipe 36. In the salinization step, salt water is fed in for a certain period of time so that the salt concentration in the impermeable container 10 is about 2%.

(Suspension production process)
The suspension manufacturing process is a process for manufacturing a suspension to be supplied into the impermeable container 10. The suspension is manufactured by putting bentonite, suspended material, salt, and water in the suspension tank 32 in a predetermined ratio and stirring the mixture with the stirring device 33.

(Suspension supply process)
The suspension supply step is a step of injecting the suspension and collecting the water in the impermeable container 10 to circulate the water in the impermeable container 10. When injecting the suspension, the pump of the liquid feeding pipe 35 and the pump of the recovery pipe 36 are operated so that the liquid feeding amount and the recovered amount are the same. By doing so, there is no fluctuation of the water pressure in the impermeable container 10 and the water pressure can be maintained almost the same inside and outside the impermeable container 10, so that the suspension flows out of the impermeable container 10. Can be prevented. In the suspension tank 32, the combined weight of the suspension in the suspension tank 32 and the collected water is sequentially measured. The collected water is stored in a separate tank (not shown), and the weight of only the suspension tank 32 and the weight of the water in the separate tank are sequentially measured to determine the amount of suspension injected. It is good to do.

  As shown in FIG. 2, since the suspension is injected into the vicinity of the bottom 2 of the impermeable container 10 and the water in the impermeable container 10 is recovered from the vicinity of the top, the water in the impermeable container 10 is efficient. It flows and circulates well, and the suspension spreads and fills the entire inside of the water shielding container 10. As a result, the suspension spreads to the water leaking point 3 on the bottom 2 and is pulled by the leaking water and automatically enters the water leaking point 3. At this time, since the sedimentation of the water-stopping material is suppressed by the circulation in the water shielding container 10, the flow of water to the water leakage location 3 is not hindered, and the suspension easily flows into the water leakage location 3. In addition, since the suspension is discharged near the bottom 2 near the water leakage point 3, it becomes easier to enter the water leakage point 3.

  Furthermore, since the suspension uses a granular material having an appropriate particle size as a suspension material, the suspension easily enters the water leakage portion 3. In addition, bentonite is in contact with salt water at the time of supply, so that the swelling property is suppressed and a small particle shape is maintained. Therefore, the suspension can invade into a narrow gap that becomes a water channel of the water leakage portion 3.

  In the suspension tank 32, the total volume of the suspension and the collected water is constant, so that the measured decrease in weight is equal to the weight of the water-stopping material supplied into the impermeable container 10. Become. From this weight, the amount of the water-stopping material that has entered the leaking point 3 is calculated and estimated. This calculation can be easily performed by conducting an experiment or the like in advance, and creating as a parameter the ratio of the amount of the water-stopping material that enters the water leakage location 3 to the weight of the water-stopping material in the water-tight container 10.

(Water purification process)
The water purification step is a step of reducing the salt concentration of water in the impermeable container 10 and returning it to fresh water. In the water purification process, fresh water is injected into the impermeable container 10 through the liquid feeding pipe 35 and water (salt water and suspension) in the impermeable container 10 is recovered through the recovery pipe 36. At this time, the liquid feeding amount and the recovery amount are set to the same amount. By doing in this way, salt water is collect | recovered gradually and salt concentration falls. Moreover, since the water pressure in the impermeable container 10 is equivalent to the external water pressure, salt water can be prevented from leaking out of the impermeable container 10. Furthermore, since fresh water is released near the bottom 2 and salt water is recovered from the vicinity of the top of the impermeable container 10, the released fresh water diffuses within the impermeable container 10 and effectively reduces the salt concentration. Can do. In addition, since the suspension is recovered together with the salt water, the suspension can also be recovered at the same time.

  In this way, the fresh water enters the inside of the water leakage location 3 by reducing the salt concentration in the water shielding container 10 and replacing it with fresh water. Then, bentonite comes into contact with fresh water, and the swelling rate of bentonite increases. That is, when the bentonite that has entered the leaking point 3 in a small particle shape swells at that position, the inner wall of the leaking point 3 and the surrounding granular material are pressed with a large pressure. Thereby, while the water stop performance of the water leak location 3 can be improved significantly, since the water stop material is fixed in the water leak location 3, it can be prevented from flowing out from the gap of the water leak location 3.

(Impermeable container lifting process)
The water shielding container lifting step is a step of lifting the water shielding container 10 after the repair of the leaked water leakage portion 3 is completed. After the water in the impermeable container 10 returns to fresh water, the wire 22a is wound up by the second winch 22 and the lower end of the skirt 12 is pulled up to a predetermined height. Thereafter, the first winch 21 is also operated at the same time, the wire 21a is wound up at the same speed as the wire 22a, and the water shielding container 10 and the skirt 12 are simultaneously pulled up and collected on the carriage 40. At this time, since the water in the impermeable container 10 has returned to fresh water, even if the impermeable container 10 is lifted, it is possible to suppress the diffusion of salt water and water-stopping material, which affects the water quality of the water storage facility. Can be prevented.

  In addition, when there are other leaking points (not shown) where water leaks, the above steps are performed by moving the water shielding container 10 and the skirt 12 to the upper side of the other leaking points in a state where they are suspended in water. Repeatedly repair the leaked parts.

  According to the water leakage repair method for a water storage facility as described above, the suspension stays in the water shielding container 10 and does not flow outside thereof, so that the water stop material can be supplied intensively to the water leakage location 3. . Therefore, even if there is a small amount of water-stopping material, it can effectively enter the water leakage location 3 and water can be stopped. In addition, it is possible to carry out water shut-off work in a limited area from the high-priority part in a large area water storage facility. Furthermore, since the water stop material and salt water are not diffused into the water storage facility, it is environmentally preferable.

  Further, in the suspension supply step, the weight of the suspension in the suspension tank 32 is measured, and the weight of bentonite or water-stopping material that has entered the leakage point 3 is estimated from the change in weight. The water effect can be quantitatively grasped numerically and the necessary water stop performance can be secured, so that the water stop performance can be improved.

  Furthermore, since bentonite flows into the water leakage location 3 in a state in which swelling is suppressed by salt water, it can enter even a narrow gap. Moreover, since it contacts fresh water after infiltrating into the leaking point 3, it will swell greatly inside the leaking point 3. As a result, the internal pressure of the water stop material at the water leakage point 3 is increased, and the water stop performance can be enhanced.

  As mentioned above, although the form for implementing this invention was demonstrated, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention, a design change is possible suitably. For example, in the above-described embodiment, bentonite and salt are added to the suspension and injected into the impermeable container 10, but the present invention is not limited to this. Even if bentonite and salt are not added to the suspension, the water can be effectively stopped by entering into the water leakage place 3 even if a small amount of the water stop material is injected. The effect is obtained. In this case, the salinization step and the water purification step can be omitted, so that the construction period can be shortened compared to the embodiment.

  In the case where bentonite and salt are not added to the suspension, the suspension material of the suspension (water-stopping material) is a representative void diameter of the material constituting the ground of the bottom of the water (for example, 25% passing particle diameter, average Granules (roam, clay) having a smaller representative particle size (such as opening width) may be used. Even with such a configuration, the suspension is liable to enter the cracks in the water leakage portion 3.

  Further, as another suspension, a suspension material (granular body) having a specific gravity similar to that of the ground material may be used, and the concentration may be about 1: 100 (suspension material: water). As the suspended material, earth and sand of the local ground or materials (resin, metal, etc.) other than earth and sand having the same particle size are used. Also with such a configuration, it is possible to prevent sedimentation of the suspended material in the impermeable container 10 or the like.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, one tank 31 is provided, but two tanks, a suspension preparation tank and a water recovery tank, may be provided and connected by a communication pipe. In this case, a valve is provided in the middle of the communication pipe. In the salinization step, the valve is closed, salt water is fed into the impermeable container until the suspension preparation tank is empty, and the water in the impermeable container is stored in the water recovery tank. This operation is performed while adjusting the flow rate so that the amount of liquid fed from the suspension preparation tank is the same as the amount collected in the water recovery tank.

  Next, in the suspension manufacturing process, the valve in the middle of the communication pipe is opened, and the water in the water recovery tank is poured into the suspension preparation tank. At this time, if the water recovery tank is provided at a position higher than the suspension preparation tank, natural flow is possible. The suspension material and salt are added to the suspension preparation tank and stirred to produce a suspension. Even in the suspension manufacturing process, liquid feeding and recovery are performed at the same time as in the salting process. However, since the valve is open, water is circulated. Even in such a configuration, the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

  In the said embodiment, although the water-impervious container 10 is exhibiting the bowl shape, it is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the water shielding sheet may be suspended from the water surface to the vicinity of the water bottom to form the water shielding containers 10 a and 10 b, and the skirt 12 may be provided at the lower end thereof. The upper ends of the water shielding containers 10 a and 10 b are held by a mooring buoy 29. A plurality of mooring buoys 29 are provided at a predetermined pitch.

  The water shielding container 10a illustrated on the right side of FIGS. 4 and 5 is for repairing water leakage at the bottom of the coast. The impermeable container 10a has a U-shape in plan view, and one end is open toward the coast. The lower end of the water shielding container 10a extends to the vicinity of the water bottom. A skirt 12 is provided at the opening peripheral edge of the lower end of the water shielding container 10a. The skirt 12 is attached obliquely along the slope of the water bottom surface and covers the water bottom surface along the peripheral edge of the water shielding container 10a. A liquid feed pipe 35 and a recovery pipe 36 are inserted into the water from the upper end opening of the water shielding container 10a. The liquid feed pipe 35 extends to the vicinity of the deep water bottom, and discharges the suspension near the water bottom. The collection pipe 36 extends to a position higher than the liquid feeding pipe 35 and collects water at the upper side.

  The water shielding container 10b illustrated on the left side of FIGS. 4 and 5 is used for repairing leakage at the bottom of the water far from the coast. The impermeable container 10b is formed in a cylindrical shape that has a rectangular shape in plan view. The lower end portion of the water shielding container 10b extends to the vicinity of the water bottom. A skirt 12 is provided at the opening peripheral edge of the lower end of the water shielding container 10b. The skirt 12 covers the bottom surface of the water along the peripheral edge of the water shielding container 10b. A liquid feed pipe 35 and a recovery pipe 36 are inserted into the water from the upper end opening of the water shielding container 10a. The liquid feeding pipe 35 extends near the bottom of the water, and discharges the suspension near the bottom of the water. The collection pipe 36 extends to a position higher than the liquid feeding pipe 35 and collects water at the upper side.

  According to the water-impervious containers 10a and 10b having the above-described configuration, it is possible to achieve the same operational effects as the above-described embodiment, and to perform water leakage repair even if the water bottom is not flat. it can.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water leak repair equipment 2 Water bottom 3 Water leak location 10 Water shielding container 12 Skirt 20 Support apparatus 30 Suspension supply apparatus 31 Manufacturing apparatus 35 Liquid supply pipe 36 Recovery pipe

Claims (4)

A water shielding container installation process in which a water shielding container having an open bottom is installed so as to cover a water leakage point at the bottom of the water storage facility;
A suspension supplying step of injecting a suspension containing a water blocking material into the impermeable container, collecting water in the impermeable container, and circulating the water in the impermeable container; A water leakage repair method for a water storage facility, characterized by being provided. 2. The water storage facility according to claim 1, wherein, in the suspension supply step, the suspension is injected into the vicinity of a bottom portion in the impermeable container and water is collected from the vicinity of the top portion of the impermeable container. Water leakage repair method. In the suspension feed step, the weight of the suspension is measured, water from the change of the weight according to claim 2, characterized in that estimating the weight of the water stopping material having entered the water leakage position How to repair leaks at the facility. The suspension contains bentonite and salt,
After injecting fresh water into the impermeable container after the suspension supplying step, recovering the water in the impermeable container and reducing the salt concentration of the water in the impermeable container, The water leakage repair method for a water storage facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

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