JP5860334B2 - Animal rearing safety cabinet - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an animal rearing safety cabinet for rearing an infected animal infected with a specific pathogen in an apparatus for research of infectious diseases and development of pharmaceutical products.

  The animal rearing safety cabinet keeps animals that are infected with pathogens in the work space of the device. Feed from the department. Air is sucked into the animal rearing safety cabinet from the opening formed in the front shutter part to generate an air barrier in the opening and prevent infectious substances in the work space from leaking out of the animal rearing safety cabinet. ing. The air barrier generated in the opening maintains an average wind speed of 0.5 m / s or more, and isolates the work space from the environment outside the animal breeding safety cabinet. Air sucked from the opening of the front shutter section passes through the animal-keeping safety cabinet, and dust and infectious substances in the work space are removed by the exhaust HEPA filter placed in the animal-keeping safety cabinet. Drain out of the animal rearing cabinet. The exhausted air passes through a duct connected to the exhaust port of the animal breeding safety cabinet and is exhausted outside the room where the animal breeding safety cabinet is installed.

  A conventional animal rearing safety cabinet is shown in Japanese Patent No. 4502222. A cage for raising animals is arranged in the work space, and feeding and the like are given to the breeding animals from a work opening formed at the lower part of the front shutter. The inhalation air barrier formed at the working opening is designed to prevent infectious substances infecting animals from leaking out of the animal rearing safety cabinet.

Patent No. 4502222

  As shown in Japanese Patent No. 4502222, the prior art animal rearing safety cabinet has an animal rearing cage disposed in a work space. The structure of the airflow is that the air sucked from the work opening formed at the bottom of the front shutter enters the work space, is sucked from the front suction port formed on the lower surface of the work space, passes through the back of the work space, and is sucked into the blower It is. Part of the air sucked into the blower is removed of dust and infectious substances by the HEPA filter installed at the upper part of the work space, and only clean air is supplied to the work space. Part of the other air is freed of dust and infectious substances by the HEPA filter for exhaust, and is discharged out of the safety cabinet as clean air. The air volume sucked from the work opening and the air volume exhausted from the animal breeding safety cabinet are the same.

Thus, the air sucked from the work opening portion forms an air barrier that separates the work space from the space outside the animal breeding safety cabinet. This isolation performance requires the airflow balance performance "worker safety" test performance described in Japanese Industrial Standard JIS K3800. In order to maintain this “operator safety” test performance, it is necessary to ensure that the average inflow air velocity of the air flowing in from the work opening is 0.5 m / s or more. Since the work opening is formed below the front shutter formed in the width direction of the work space, the air volume flowing from the work opening is as follows: the width of the work space x the height of the work opening x 0.5 m / s or more. It becomes. Generally, the height of the work opening is about 200 mm to 250 mm, which allows feeding work and can ensure the isolation performance by the air barrier. When the work opening size is 200 mm and the work space width is 1 m, an air volume of 1 m × 0.2 m × 0.5 m / s × 60 seconds = 6 m ³ / min or more is required. The air volume flowing from the work opening increases in proportion to the increase in the width of the work space. The amount of air flowing in from the work opening is equal to the amount of air exhausted from the animal rearing safety cabinet, and the exhaust of the animal rearing safety cabinet is not connected to the room where the animal rearing safety cabinet is installed, but is connected outdoors. When exhausted, the amount of exhaust becomes a load for indoor air conditioning.

  However, when raising without feeding, it is not necessary to open the work opening, so the front shutter is closed and the animals are raised. Closing the front shutter means that the airflow flowing from the work opening is reduced, so that the exhaust airflow of the animal breeding safety cabinet can be reduced.

  Thus, in the safety cabinet for raising animals according to the prior art, it is necessary to control the exhaust air volume of the safety cabinet for raising animals at the time of feeding and raising.

  Moreover, since the safety cabinet for animal rearing of the prior art has a large exhaust air volume during feeding operation, the air conditioning load tends to increase.

  Based on the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to minimize the amount of air that maintains the isolation performance outside the work space and the safety cabinet when breeding infected animals, and at the time of feeding work and breeding It is an object of the present invention to provide a safety cabinet for animal husbandry that does not require control of air volume change.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is configured as follows.

  An animal breeding safety cabinet according to the present invention includes an exhaust system that exhausts air from the work space to the outside of the apparatus through the first air cleaning means by the air blowing means, and an animal breeding safety having a front door formed on the front surface of the work space. The cabinet has an air supply system that supplies air to the work space through second air cleaning means, and a small window that can be opened and closed formed in the work space, and the air blowing means includes the first and second air. An air flow is formed in series with the cleaning means, and when the small window is closed, air is sucked from the second air cleaning means, and when the small window is open, from the opening of the small window It is like inhaling air.

  In the animal rearing safety cabinet of the present invention, the air flow is formed in series between the first and second air cleaning means by the blowing means.

  Further, the animal rearing safety cabinet of the present invention has a double wall surface or front door of the work space forming the small window, and is larger than the opening area of the small window on the work space side of the double wall surface. An opening is formed.

  In the animal breeding safety cabinet of the present invention, air is supplied to the second air cleaning means by the second air blowing means.

  The animal rearing safety cabinet according to the present invention secures an average inflow air velocity of 0.5 m / s or more of the small window opening suction airflow generated in the small window opening by opening the small window. .

  In the animal breeding safety cabinet of the present invention, in a normal breeding state where the small window is closed, air outside the animal breeding safety cabinet is sucked from the second air cleaning means by the negative pressure in the work space. On the other hand, in the state where the small window is opened and the feeding operation is performed, the pressure loss at the small window opening is lower than the pressure loss of the second air cleaning means, so the air is not the second air cleaning means and is small. Sucked from the window opening, a small window opening sucking airflow is generated. Since this phenomenon occurs only due to the difference in pressure loss, it is not necessary to control the air volume of the blower. Therefore, infectious substances in the work space 3 are prevented from leaking from the small window opening with a small air volume, and Since the air volume remains constant and the place where the air is sucked into the work space is changed, the entire exhaust system including the exhaust duct can be configured relatively inexpensively. In addition, in the breeding of infected animals, when feeding work that requires an opening for feeding, or when breeding that does not require an opening, isolation performance inside and outside the work space to prevent infection with the same exhaust air volume Can be maintained.

It is sectional drawing structural drawing of the safety cabinet for animal breeding which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the cross-section figure of a safety cabinet for animal breeding which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention, and an external view. It is a cross-section figure of the state which opened and closed the small window of the safety cabinet for animal breeding which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the cross-section figure and the external view of the safety cabinet for animal breeding which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional structure drawing of the state which opened and closed the small window of the animal cabinet safety cabinet which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the cross-section figure and the external view of the safety cabinet for animal breeding which shows 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an animal breeding safety cabinet showing a form of Example 1 of the present invention.

  FIG. 2 is a sectional structural view and an external view of an animal breeding safety cabinet showing the form of the first embodiment of the present invention.

  The structure of the air flow of the breeding safety cabinet 1 is that the sucked air 13 sucked from the second air cleaning means 12b is free from dust outside the animal breeding safety cabinet 1, passes through the current plate 16 and blows out into the work table. Air 15 is supplied to the work space 3. The infected animal 20 is bred in this work space 3. The airflow (blowout air 15) flowing into the work space 3 is sucked separately into the front suction port 17 and the rear suction port 18, passes through the rear flow path 19, passes through the first air cleaning means 12a, and dust and infectious substances 10 Is removed, sucked into the blower 5a, and exhausted as the exhaust air 9 from the animal breeding safety cabinet 1. Here, as the first air cleaning means 12a, a HEPA filter or the like is used to remove fine substances such as the infectious substance 10. The second air cleaning means 12b is air supplied to the space 3 in which the domestic animal 20 is present. Therefore, depending on the use of the animal to be reared, a case where a non-woven filter that removes only coarse dust is used and fine dust is removed. Divided when using HEPA filter to be removed.

  In the form of Embodiment 1 (FIGS. 1 to 3), since the air flow from the second air cleaning means 12b to the first air cleaning means 12a is constituted by the blower 5a, all the air is sucked in, The work space 3 has a negative pressure. Since the working space 3 has a negative pressure, the infectious substance 10 in the working space 3 does not leak out of the animal breeding safety cabinet 1.

  In the configuration of the apparatus according to the first embodiment, an animal cage 23 is arranged on the work table 2 on the lower surface of the work space 3, and the domestic animal 20 is raised in the animal cage 23. A drain 26 is provided below the work table 2, a tray 25 is disposed on the drain 26, and a filth sheet 24 is disposed on the tray 25. As a result, the filth 21 excreted by the domestic animal 20 falls onto the filth sheet 24, and the filth sheet 24 is collected, whereby the inside of the drain 26 can be cleaned. In the method of collecting the filth sheet 24, the tray collection cover 27 is opened, the tray 25 is pulled out, and the filth sheet 24 is collected together with the tray 25. Therefore, when collecting the filth 21, the filth 21 is not touched directly. .

  When collecting the tray 25, it is possible to wrap and collect the tray 25 on which the filth 21 is placed from above the vinyl bag by charging a vinyl bag (not shown) into the opening where the tray collection cover 27 is opened. It becomes. This is a so-called bag-in / bag-out recovery.

  When the filth sheet 24 is not used, a water supply port (not shown) is provided so that the drain 26 can be supplied with water, and the filth is allowed to flow into a drain port (not shown) provided in the drain 26 by flowing the liquid and collected. . Thus, by pouring away with the liquid, the filth can be collected without directly touching the filth 21.

  A front door 4 is formed in front of the work space 3. Since the front door 4 is attached to the main body case 1a by a hinge 28a, it can be opened and closed. The animal cage 23 is taken in and out of the work space 3 by opening and closing the front door 4. Once the breeding animal 20 is placed in the animal breeding safety cabinet 1 for breeding, the frequency at which the breeding animal 20 is taken in and out of the animal breeding safety cabinet 1 is much less than the frequency at which the feeding operation is performed.

  Therefore, an opening is formed in a part of the front door 4, and a small window 6 is formed in the opening. The small window 6 is attached to the front door 4 by a hinge 28b and can be opened and closed. In the case of raising animals by arranging a plurality of safety cabinets 1 for raising animals, the place where animals are accessed is limited to the front. For this reason, the arrangement of the small window 6 on the front door 4 arranged in front of the work space 3 is more efficient as the arrangement of the animal rearing safety cabinet 1. However, if the inside of the small window 6 is close to the work space 3, the small window 6 may be formed on the side surface of the animal breeding safety cabinet 1 that is not on the front door 4 on the front, for example.

  When replacing the first air cleaning means 12a such as a HEPA filter in the animal breeding safety cabinet 1, it is necessary to open the cover 33 and replace the first air cleaning means 12a. This replacement operation is a very rare case because the first air cleaning means 12a is clogged and it becomes difficult for the air to flow or when it becomes impossible to remove dust due to damage or the like. .

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of a state in which the small window 6 of the animal breeding safety cabinet 1 showing the form of the first embodiment of the present invention is opened and closed.

  That is, FIG. 3A shows a state where the small window 6 is closed, and FIG. 3B shows a case where the small window 6 is opened and water and food are given to the domestic animal 20.

  In the normal rearing state in FIG. 3A in which the small window 6 is closed in the animal rearing safety cabinet 1 of the first embodiment, the second air cleaning means 12b is used for rearing the animal due to the negative pressure in the work space 3. Inhale air outside the safety cabinet 1. Further, in FIG. 3B in which the small window 6 is opened to perform the feeding operation, the pressure loss of the small window opening 7 is lower than the pressure loss of the second air cleaning means 12b. When the is opened, the outside air is not sucked from the second air cleaning means 12b but sucked from the small window opening 7. At this time, the above-described air flow 15 blown into the workbench is eliminated, and a small window opening suction airflow 14 is generated. Since this phenomenon occurs only due to the difference in pressure loss between the two, it is not necessary to control the air volume of the blower 5a.

  Thus, by opening the small window 6, the small window opening suction air flow 14 is generated in the small window opening 7. At this time, in order to secure an air barrier, if the average inflow air velocity of the small window opening suction air flow 14 is 0.5 m / s or more and the small window opening 7 is 0.2 m × 0.3 m, then 0.2 m × 0.3 m Air volume of 0.3 m × 0.5 m / s × 60 seconds = 1.8 m 3 / min or more is required. This value is an air volume of 1/3 or less of 6 m3 / min of the conventional example. In this way, the infectious substance 10 in the work space 3 is prevented from leaking out of the small window opening 7 with a small air volume, and the place where the air is sucked into the work space 3 is changed while the air volume of the blower 5a remains constant. Therefore, the entire exhaust system including the exhaust duct can be configured relatively inexpensively.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, the airflow balance performance “worker safety” test performance described in the Japanese Industrial Standard JIS K3800 is ensured with a simple configuration and an average inflow wind speed of 0.5 m / s or more. The infectious substance 10 can be prevented from leaking out from the animal breeding safety cabinet 1.

  Further, the infectious substance 10 aerosol generated from the filth 21 and the dry filth 21 containing the infectious substance 10 leak from the animal breeding safety cabinet 1 not only during the feeding operation but also when the tray collection cover 27 is opened. In order to prevent this, the opening area of the portion where the tray collection cover 27 is opened is taken into consideration, and the average inflow wind velocity is 0 at the large window opening portion and the opening portion where the tray collection cover 27 is opened. When the small window 6 is opened by operating with an exhaust air flow rate that can secure 5 m / s or more, an air barrier is generated in the small window opening 7, and when the tray collection cover 27 is opened, the tray collection cover An air barrier is generated in a portion where the opening 27 is opened, and leakage of the infectious substance 10 from the animal breeding safety cabinet 1 can be prevented.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional structural view and an external view of an animal breeding safety cabinet showing the form of Example 2 of the present invention.

  In the animal rearing safety cabinet 1 of the second embodiment, the front door is a double door 29. The double door 29 is formed by an inner window 30a and an outer window 30b, and a double door inner space 32 is formed between the inner window 30a and the outer window 30b. An inner window opening 31 is formed in the inner window 30 a, and the double door inner space 32 is connected to the work space 3.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of a state in which a small window of an animal breeding safety cabinet showing a second embodiment of the present invention is opened and closed.

  FIG. 5A shows a state where the small window 6 is closed, and FIG. 5B shows a case where the small window 6 is opened and water and food are given to the domestic animal 20.

  As in FIG. 3, in the normal rearing state diagram 5 (a) with the small window 6 closed, the air outside the animal rearing safety cabinet 1 is sucked from the second air cleaning means 12b by the negative pressure in the work space 3. In FIG. 5 (b) in which the feeding operation is performed with the small window 6 opened, the pressure loss of the small window opening 7 is lower than the pressure loss of the second air cleaning means 12b. Air is sucked from the small window opening 7 instead of the means 12b. At this time, the air flow of the blowout air 15 in the work table disappears, and the small window opening suction air flow 14 is generated. Since this phenomenon occurs only due to the difference in pressure loss between the second air cleaning means 12b and the small window opening 7, it is not necessary to control the blower 5a.

  What is different from FIG. 3 is that the double door 29 has a double door inner space 32 and the inner window 30 a is formed with a small window opening 7 and an inner window opening 31. Water and food are supplied to the domestic animal 20 through the small window opening 7.

In the animal rearing safety cabinet 1 according to the second embodiment, the opening area of the inner window opening 31 is formed larger than the small window opening 7. As a result, the air in the double door internal space 32 is more likely to exit from the inner window opening 31 into the drain 26 than from the small window opening 7. With this configuration, the small window opening suction airflow 14 directly passes through the double door inner space 32 before entering the working space 3 from the small window opening 7, and below the domestic animal 20 from the inner window opening 31. It passes through the drain 26, the back channel 19 and the first air cleaning means 12a and is discharged from the blower 5a to the outside of the animal breeding safety cabinet 1.
This air flow configuration reduces the possibility that air containing dust outside the animal breeding safety cabinet 1 directly enters the work space 3 from the small window opening 7. This is effective when it is necessary to consider dust in the surrounding environment outside the safety cabinet 1.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional structural view and an external view of an animal breeding safety cabinet showing the form of Example 3 of the present invention.

  In the first and second embodiments, the blower 5a is disposed only on the first air cleaning means 12a side. However, in the third embodiment, the second blower 5b is also provided on the second air cleaning means 12b side. Is arranged.

  This is because when the pressure loss of the second air cleaning means 12b is large or when one of the blowers 5a is used, the pressure of the air cleaning means constituted by the first air cleaning means 12a and the second air cleaning means 12b is doubled. This is effective when the loss cannot be compensated. However, even if the second blower 5b is operated, it is necessary to operate at a negative pressure in the work space 3.

  In the breeding of infected animals according to each of the embodiments described above, when feeding work that requires an opening for feeding and when breeding that does not require an opening, both inside and outside the work space for preventing infection with the same exhaust air volume Isolation performance can be maintained.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Animal rearing safety cabinet 1a Main body case 2 Worktable 3 Work space 4 Front door 5a Blower 5b Second blower 6 Small window 7 Small window opening 8 Exhaust port 9 Exhaust air 10 Infectious substance 11 Inflow air flow 12a First air Cleaning means 12b Second air cleaning means 13 Suction air 14 Small window opening suction air flow 15 Work room blowout air 16 Current plate 17 Front suction port 18 Rear suction port 19 Rear flow path 20 Domestic animal 21 Domestic waste 22 Worker 23 Animal cage 24 Waste sheet 25 Tray 26 Drain 27 Tray collection cover 28a Hinge a
28b Hinge b
29 Double door 30a Inner window 30b Outer window 31 Inner window opening 32 Double door inner space 33 Cover 34 Suction port

Claims (4)

An exhaust system that exhausts air from the work space to the outside of the apparatus through the first air cleaning means by the blowing means , an air supply system that supplies air to the work space through the second air cleaning means, and a front surface of the work space In an animal breeding safety cabinet having a front door to be formed,
It has a small window that can be opened and closed formed in the front door ,
The blowing means, the air flow is formed in series for the first air cleaning means and second air cleaning means,
The pressure loss of the opening of the pre-Symbol small window is configured lower than the pressure loss of the second air cleaning means, whereby, when the small window is closed, from the second air cleaning means suction air, when the small window is opened, rather than draw air from said second air cleaning means, characterized by being configured to draw air from the opening of the small window, animal breeding Safety cabinet. Said wall or front door of the work space to form a small window is formed in a double, the working space side of the double wall, according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a large opening than the opening area of the small window serial mounting of the safety cabinet for animal breeding. The animal rearing safety cabinet according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein air is supplied to the second air cleaning means by a second blowing means. Wherein by opening the small window, it claims 1-3, characterized in that to ensure a more average incoming wind speed 0.5 m / s of the small window opening suction airflow generated in the small window opening 1 An animal rearing safety cabinet as described in the section.

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