JP5845117B2 - Chemical injection control method and chemical injection control device - Google Patents

Chemical injection control method and chemical injection control device Download PDF

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JP5845117B2
JP5845117B2 JP2012053769A JP2012053769A JP5845117B2 JP 5845117 B2 JP5845117 B2 JP 5845117B2 JP 2012053769 A JP2012053769 A JP 2012053769A JP 2012053769 A JP2012053769 A JP 2012053769A JP 5845117 B2 JP5845117 B2 JP 5845117B2
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都夫 野網
都夫 野網
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Metawater Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、原水に対するＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の注入率を制御する薬品注入制御方法及び薬品注入制御装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a chemical injection control method and a chemical injection control device for controlling the injection rate of PAC and powdered activated carbon into raw water.

従来より、浄水場では、凝集剤として機能するＰＡＣ（ポリ塩化アルミニウム）及び吸着剤として機能する粉末活性炭を原水に注入し、膜ろ過によって原水から凝集フロックを除去することによって、色度等の処理水の水質を目標値にする凝集処理が行われている。このような凝集処理では、ＰＡＣの注入率は、原水の濁度に応じて比例制御されている（特許文献１，２参照）。また、粉末活性炭の注入率は、毎日行われる水質検査及びジャーテストの結果に基づいて決定されている。   Conventionally, in water purification plants, PAC (polyaluminum chloride) that functions as a flocculant and powdered activated carbon that functions as an adsorbent are injected into raw water, and flocculant flocs are removed from the raw water by membrane filtration to treat chromaticity and the like. Coagulation treatment is performed to set the water quality to the target value. In such a coagulation treatment, the PAC injection rate is proportionally controlled according to the turbidity of the raw water (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). Moreover, the injection | pouring rate of powder activated carbon is determined based on the result of the water quality test and jar test which are performed every day.

特開２００７−６１８００号公報JP 2007-61800 A 特開２００７−１８５６１０号公報JP 2007-185610 A

しかしながら、従来の凝集処理では、ＰＡＣの注入率を原水の濁度に応じて比例制御しているために、大雨や藻類の増殖等に起因する突発的な原水の濁度変化に対応できず、処理水の水質を目標値に制御できないことがある。また、ＰＡＣの注入率は水質の目標値に対し余裕を持たせた値に設定されるために、必要量より多くのＰＡＣが注入されてしまう。また、従来の凝集処理では、粉末活性炭の注入率は水質検査及びジャーテストの結果に基づいて決定されるために、ＰＡＣの注入率と同様に、原水の濁度変化に対応できず、処理水の水質を目標値に制御できないことがある。さらには、水質検査及びジャーテストを行うための人員が必要となり、凝集処理に要するコストが増加する。   However, in the conventional flocculation treatment, since the PAC injection rate is proportionally controlled according to the turbidity of the raw water, it cannot cope with sudden changes in the turbidity of the raw water due to heavy rain or algae growth, The quality of treated water may not be controlled to the target value. Moreover, since the injection rate of PAC is set to a value with a margin with respect to the target value of water quality, more PAC is injected than necessary. In addition, in the conventional agglomeration treatment, the injection rate of powdered activated carbon is determined based on the results of water quality inspection and jar test. Water quality may not be controlled to the target value. Furthermore, personnel for performing water quality inspection and jar test are required, which increases the cost required for the coagulation treatment.

一方、粉末活性炭の単価はＰＡＣの単価の１０倍以上と非常に高い。このため、処理水の水質を目標値に制御しつつ凝集処理に要するコストを抑えるためには、ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の単価や処理能力を考慮して処理水の水質を目標値に制御するために最低限必要なＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭を注入するようにＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の注入率を制御する必要がある。しかしながら、従来の凝集処理では、上述のように、ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の注入率は個別に制御されているために、凝集処理に要するコストを削減することは困難である。このような背景から、処理水の水質を目標値に制御しつつ凝集処理に要するコストを削減可能な技術の提供が期待されていた。   On the other hand, the unit price of powdered activated carbon is very high at 10 times or more the unit price of PAC. For this reason, in order to control the cost of the flocculation process while controlling the water quality of the treated water to the target value, the water quality of the treated water is controlled to the target value in consideration of the unit price and processing capacity of PAC and powdered activated carbon. It is necessary to control the injection rate of PAC and powdered activated carbon so that the minimum required PAC and powdered activated carbon are injected. However, in the conventional agglomeration treatment, as described above, since the injection rates of PAC and powdered activated carbon are individually controlled, it is difficult to reduce the cost required for the agglomeration treatment. From such a background, it has been expected to provide a technology capable of reducing the cost required for the coagulation treatment while controlling the quality of the treated water to the target value.

本発明は、上記課題に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的は、処理水の水質を目標値に制御しつつ凝集処理に要するコストを削減可能な薬品注入制御方法及び薬品注入制御装置を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a chemical injection control method and a chemical injection control device capable of reducing the cost required for the coagulation treatment while controlling the quality of treated water to a target value. It is to provide.

上記課題を解決し、目的を達成するために、本発明に係る薬品注入制御方法は、ニューラルネットワークを利用して複数の注入率条件でＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭を注入した際の処理水の水質を予測する処理水水質予測ステップと、前記処理水水質予測ステップにおいて予測された処理水の水質を用いて、前記複数の注入率条件について、ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の使用コストと処理水の水質の目標値に対する予測値の乖離度とをパラメータとして少なくとも含む評価関数の値を算出する評価関数算出ステップと、前記評価関数算出ステップにおいて算出された評価関数の値に基づいて、ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の最適な注入率条件を決定する注入率決定ステップと、前記注入率決定ステップにおいて決定された注入率条件でＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭を原水に注入する薬品注入ステップと、を含む。   In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, the chemical injection control method according to the present invention predicts the quality of treated water when PAC and powdered activated carbon are injected under a plurality of injection rate conditions using a neural network. Using the treated water quality predicted in the treated water quality prediction step and the treated water quality predicted in the treated water quality prediction step, with respect to the plurality of injection rate conditions, the usage cost of PAC and powdered activated carbon and the target value of treated water quality An evaluation function calculation step for calculating a value of an evaluation function including at least a deviation degree of a predicted value as a parameter, and an optimal injection rate of PAC and powdered activated carbon based on the value of the evaluation function calculated in the evaluation function calculation step An injection rate determining step for determining the conditions, and the PAC and the powdered activated carbon at the injection rate conditions determined in the injection rate determining step. Including a chemical injection step of injecting the water.

上記課題を解決し、目的を達成するために、本発明に係る薬品注入制御装置は、ニューラルネットワークを利用して複数の注入率条件でＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭を注入した際の処理水の水質を予測する処理水水質予測部と、前記処理水水質予測部によって予測された処理水の水質を用いて、前記複数の注入率条件について、ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の使用コストと処理水の水質の目標値に対する予測値の乖離度とをパラメータとして少なくとも含む評価関数の値を算出し、算出された評価関数の値に基づいて、ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の最適な注入率条件を決定し、決定した注入率条件に基づいた制御信号を出力する薬品注入率制御部と、前記制御信号に従って原水に指定量のＰＡＣを注入するＰＡＣ注入装置と、前記制御信号に従って前記原水に指定量の粉末活性炭を注入する粉末活性炭注入装置と、を備える。 In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, the chemical injection control apparatus according to the present invention predicts the quality of treated water when PAC and powdered activated carbon are injected under a plurality of injection rate conditions using a neural network. Treated water quality predicting unit and treated water quality predicted by the treated water quality predicting unit, with respect to the plurality of injection rate conditions, the use cost of PAC and powdered activated carbon and the target value of treated water quality Calculate the value of the evaluation function including at least the deviation degree of the predicted value as a parameter, determine the optimal injection rate condition of PAC and powdered activated carbon based on the calculated evaluation function value, and set the determined injection rate condition to a chemical injection rate controller for outputting a control signal based, and PAC injection device for injecting a specified amount of PAC in the raw water in accordance with the control signal, to the raw water in accordance with said control signal It comprises a powdered activated carbon injection device for injecting a quantification of powdered activated carbon, an.

本発明に係る薬品注入率制御方法及び薬品注入率制御装置によれば、処理水の水質を目標値に制御しつつ凝集処理に要するコストを削減することができる。   According to the chemical injection rate control method and chemical injection rate control apparatus according to the present invention, the cost required for the coagulation treatment can be reduced while controlling the quality of the treated water to the target value.

図１は、本発明の一実施形態である薬品注入制御システム及びこの薬品注入制御システムが適用される浄水場の構成を示す模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a chemical injection control system according to an embodiment of the present invention and a water purification plant to which the chemical injection control system is applied. 図２は、図１に示す薬品注入制御装置の内部構成を示す機能ブロック図である。FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing an internal configuration of the chemical injection control device shown in FIG. 図３は、本発明の一実施形態であるニューラルネットワークの構成を示す模式図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a neural network according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図４は、本発明の一実施形態である薬品注入制御処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of the chemical injection control process according to the embodiment of the present invention.

以下、図面を参照して、本発明の一実施形態である薬品注入制御システムの構成及びその動作について説明する。   Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of a chemical injection control system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

〔浄水場の構成〕
始めに、図１を参照して、本発明の一実施形態である薬品注入制御システムが適用される浄水場の構成について説明する。図１は、本発明の一実施形態である薬品注入制御システム及びこの薬品注入制御システムが適用される浄水場の構成を示す模式図である。図１に示すように、本発明の一実施形態である薬品注入制御システムが適用される浄水場は、原水槽２，薬品混和槽４，及び膜ろ過装置５を主な構成要素として備えている。 [Configuration of water treatment plant]
First, the configuration of a water purification plant to which a chemical injection control system according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a chemical injection control system according to an embodiment of the present invention and a water purification plant to which the chemical injection control system is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, a water purification plant to which a chemical injection control system according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied includes a raw water tank 2, a chemical mixing tank 4, and a membrane filtration device 5 as main components. .

原水槽２は、河川等から取水された原水を貯留するためのものである。薬品混和槽４は、原水とＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭とを急速攪拌することによって混和水を生成し、混和水を緩速攪拌することによって凝集フロックの合体，粗大化を図るものである。膜ろ過装置５は、薬品混和槽４を通過した原水を処理水と凝集フロックとに分離し、処理水を排出するものである。   The raw water tank 2 is for storing raw water taken from a river or the like. The chemical mixing tank 4 generates mixed water by rapidly stirring raw water, PAC, and powdered activated carbon, and coalesces and coarsens aggregated flocs by slowly stirring the mixed water. The membrane filtration device 5 separates raw water that has passed through the chemical mixing tank 4 into treated water and coagulated floc, and discharges the treated water.

〔薬品注入制御システムの構成〕
次に、図１〜図３を参照して、本発明の一実施形態である薬品注入制御システムの構成について説明する。図１に示すように、本発明の一実施形態である薬品注入制御システム１は、原水色度センサ１０，原水アンモニア濃度センサ１１，原水濁度センサ１２，原水ｐＨセンサ１３，塩素濃度センサ１４，混和水水温センサ１５，混和水ｐＨセンサ１６，処理水水質センサ１７，薬品注入制御装置１８，端末装置２０，ＰＡＣ注入装置２１，及び粉末活性炭注入装置２２を主な構成要素として備えている。 [Configuration of chemical injection control system]
Next, with reference to FIGS. 1-3, the structure of the chemical injection control system which is one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 1, a chemical injection control system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a raw water chromaticity sensor 10, a raw water ammonia concentration sensor 11, a raw water turbidity sensor 12, a raw water pH sensor 13, a chlorine concentration sensor 14, An admixed water temperature sensor 15, an admixed water pH sensor 16, a treated water quality sensor 17, a chemical injection control device 18, a terminal device 20, a PAC injection device 21, and a powdered activated carbon injection device 22 are provided as main components.

原水色度センサ１０は、原水槽２に貯留される原水（取水）の色度（ＵＶ）を検出し、検出値を薬品注入制御装置１８に出力するものである。原水アンモニア濃度センサ１１は、原水中のアンモニア濃度を検出し、検出値を薬品注入制御装置１８に出力するものである。原水濁度センサ１２は、原水槽２から排出された原水の濁度を検出し、検出値を薬品注入制御装置１８に出力するものである。原水ｐＨセンサ１３は、原水槽２から排出された原水のｐＨを検出し、検出値を薬品注入制御装置１８に出力するものである。   The raw water chromaticity sensor 10 detects the chromaticity (UV) of raw water (water intake) stored in the raw water tank 2 and outputs the detected value to the chemical injection control device 18. The raw water ammonia concentration sensor 11 detects the ammonia concentration in the raw water and outputs the detected value to the chemical injection control device 18. The raw water turbidity sensor 12 detects the turbidity of the raw water discharged from the raw water tank 2 and outputs the detected value to the chemical injection control device 18. The raw water pH sensor 13 detects the pH of the raw water discharged from the raw water tank 2 and outputs the detected value to the chemical injection control device 18.

塩素濃度センサ１４は、原水中の塩素濃度を検出し、検出値を薬品注入制御装置１８に出力するものである。混和水水温センサ１５は、薬品混和槽４内の混和水の水温を検出し、検出値を薬品注入制御装置１８に出力するものである。混和水ｐＨセンサ１６は、薬品混和槽４内の混和水のｐＨを検出し、検出値を薬品注入制御装置１８に出力するものである。処理水水質センサ１７は、膜ろ過装置５から排出された処理水の水質を検出し、検出値を薬品注入制御装置１８に出力するものである。   The chlorine concentration sensor 14 detects the chlorine concentration in the raw water and outputs the detected value to the chemical injection control device 18. The mixed water temperature sensor 15 detects the water temperature of the mixed water in the chemical mixing tank 4 and outputs the detected value to the chemical injection control device 18. The mixed water pH sensor 16 detects the pH of the mixed water in the chemical mixing tank 4 and outputs the detected value to the chemical injection control device 18. The treated water quality sensor 17 detects the quality of the treated water discharged from the membrane filtration device 5 and outputs the detected value to the chemical injection control device 18.

薬品注入制御装置１８は、ワークステーション等の汎用の情報処理装置によって構成され、後述する薬品注入制御処理を実行することによって薬品注入制御システム１全体の動作を制御する。図２は、薬品注入制御装置１８の内部構成を示す機能ブロック図である。図２に示すように、薬品注入制御装置１８は、ＣＰＵ等の内部の演算処理装置がＲＯＭ等の内部の記憶装置に予め記憶されているコンピュータプログラムを実行することによって、処理水水質予測部１８１及び薬品注入率制御部１８２として機能する。   The chemical injection control device 18 is constituted by a general-purpose information processing device such as a workstation, and controls the overall operation of the chemical injection control system 1 by executing a chemical injection control process described later. FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing an internal configuration of the chemical injection control device 18. As shown in FIG. 2, the chemical injection control device 18 is configured such that an internal processing unit such as a CPU executes a computer program stored in advance in an internal storage device such as a ROM, whereby a treated water quality prediction unit 181. And functions as a chemical injection rate control unit 182.

処理水水質予測部１８１は、ニューラルネットワークを利用して処理水の水質を予測する。図３は、本発明の一実施形態であるニューラルネットワークの構成を示す模式図である。図３に示すように、本発明の一実施形態であるニューラルネットワークは、薬品注入制御装置１８に入力される各センサの検出値とＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の注入率とを入力データ、処理水の水質を出力データとし、１０個のニューロンＸ０〜Ｘ９を有する入力層Ｌ１，１０個のニューロンＹ０〜Ｙ９を有する中間層Ｌ２，及び１個のニューロンＺ１を有する出力層Ｌ３からなる階層構造となっている。また、本実施形態では、ニューラルネットワークの学習アルゴリズムとして誤差逆伝搬法を採用した。 The treated water quality predicting unit 181 predicts treated water quality using a neural network. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a neural network according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the neural network according to an embodiment of the present invention has the detection value of each sensor and the injection rate of PAC and powdered activated carbon input to the chemical injection control device 18 as input data, the quality of treated water. and output data, 10 neurons X 0 to X 9 input layer L 1 having 10 neurons Y 0 to Y intermediate layer L 2, and one output layer L 3 having a neuron Z 1 having 9 It has a hierarchical structure consisting of In this embodiment, the error back propagation method is adopted as a learning algorithm for the neural network.

本実施形態では、原水が原水槽２内に貯留されてから膜ろ過装置５を通過するまでの時間を考慮して、（１）原水槽滞留時間前の原水の色度（取水ＵＶ），（２）原水槽滞留時間前の原水アンモニア濃度（原水アンモニア），（３）途中配管の滞留時間前の原水の濁度，（４）途中配管の滞留時間前の原水のｐＨ，（５）途中配管の滞留時間前の混和水中の塩素濃度（混和水残留塩素），（６）現在の混和水の水温，（７）現在の混和水のｐＨ（混和水ｐＨ），（８）ＰＡＣ注入率，及び（９）粉末活性炭注入率を入力データとして用いた。また、出力データは（１０）薬品混和槽及び膜ろ過装置の滞留時間先の処理水の水質（処理水水質（色度、ＵＶ等））とした。   In the present embodiment, considering the time from when raw water is stored in the raw water tank 2 until it passes through the membrane filtration device 5, (1) the chromaticity of the raw water before the raw water tank retention time (intake UV), ( 2) Raw water ammonia concentration before raw water tank residence time (raw water ammonia), (3) Turbidity of raw water before residence time of intermediate pipe, (4) pH of raw water before residence time of intermediate pipe, (5) Intermediate pipe (6) Current water temperature of the mixed water, (7) Current mixed water pH (mixed water pH), (8) PAC injection rate, and (9) Powdered activated carbon injection rate was used as input data. The output data was (10) the quality of the treated water (treated water quality (chromaticity, UV, etc.)) before the residence time of the chemical mixing tank and the membrane filtration device.

薬品注入率制御部１８２は、処理水水質予測部１８１によって算出された処理水の水質に基づいてＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の注入率を決定し、決定したＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の注入率となるようにＰＡＣ注入装置２１及び粉末活性炭注入装置２２の動作を制御する。ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の注入率の決定方法については後述する。端末装置２０は、パーソナルコンピュータ等の汎用の情報処理装置によって構成され、ニューラルネットワークの学習動作を実行する。ＰＡＣ注入装置２１は、薬品注入制御装置１８からの制御信号に従って薬品混和槽４内に指定量のＰＡＣを注入するものである。粉末活性炭注入装置２２は、薬品注入制御装置１８からの制御信号に従って薬品混和槽４内に指定量の粉末活性炭を注入するものである。   The chemical injection rate control unit 182 determines the injection rate of the PAC and the powdered activated carbon based on the water quality of the treated water calculated by the treated water quality prediction unit 181, and sets the PAC and the powdered activated carbon to the determined injection rate. The operations of the injection device 21 and the powdered activated carbon injection device 22 are controlled. A method for determining the injection rate of PAC and powdered activated carbon will be described later. The terminal device 20 is configured by a general-purpose information processing device such as a personal computer, and executes a learning operation of a neural network. The PAC injection device 21 injects a specified amount of PAC into the chemical mixing tank 4 in accordance with a control signal from the chemical injection control device 18. The powdered activated carbon injection device 22 injects a specified amount of powdered activated carbon into the chemical mixing tank 4 in accordance with a control signal from the chemical injection control device 18.

〔薬品注入制御処理〕
このような構成を有する薬品注入制御システム１においては、薬品注入制御装置１８が以下に示す薬品注入制御処理を実行することによって、処理水の水質を目標値に制御しつつ凝集処理に要するコストを低減する。以下、図４に示すフローチャートを参照して、この薬品注入制御処理を実行する際の薬品注入制御装置１８の動作について説明する。 [Chemical injection control processing]
In the chemical injection control system 1 having such a configuration, the chemical injection control device 18 executes the chemical injection control process shown below, thereby reducing the cost required for the coagulation process while controlling the quality of the treated water to the target value. To reduce. Hereinafter, with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 4, the operation of the chemical injection control device 18 when this chemical injection control process is executed will be described.

図４は、本発明の一実施形態である薬品注入制御処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。図４に示すフローチャートは、浄水場の稼働が開始されたタイミングで開始となり、薬品注入制御処理はステップＳ１の処理に進む。薬品注入制御処理は所定の制御周期毎に繰り返し実行される。   FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of the chemical injection control process according to the embodiment of the present invention. The flowchart shown in FIG. 4 starts when the operation of the water purification plant is started, and the chemical injection control process proceeds to the process of step S1. The chemical injection control process is repeatedly executed every predetermined control period.

ステップＳ１の処理では、処理水水質予測部１８１が、図３に示すニューラルネットワークの入力データを取得する。これにより、ステップＳ１の処理は完了し、薬品注入制御処理はステップＳ２の処理に進む。   In the process of step S1, the treated water quality prediction unit 181 acquires input data of the neural network shown in FIG. Thereby, the process of step S1 is completed and the chemical injection control process proceeds to the process of step S2.

ステップＳ２の処理では、処理水水質予測部１８１が、ステップＳ１の処理によって取得した入力データを図３に示すニューラルネットワークに入力することによって、入力した注入率でＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭を注入した場合の処理水の水質を予測する。これにより、ステップＳ２の処理は完了し、薬品注入制御処理はステップＳ３の処理に進む。   In the process of step S2, the treated water quality prediction unit 181 inputs the input data acquired by the process of step S1 to the neural network shown in FIG. 3, thereby injecting PAC and powdered activated carbon at the input injection rate. Predict the quality of treated water. Thereby, the process of step S2 is completed and the chemical injection control process proceeds to the process of step S3.

ステップＳ３の処理では、薬品注入率制御部１８２が、ステップＳ２の処理において入力したＰＡＣ注入率及び粉末活性炭注入率及びステップＳ２の処理によって算出された処理水の水質（処理水水質予測値）を以下に示す数式（１）に代入することによって、評価関数Ｆの値を算出する。数式（１）中、係数ａ，ｂはａ＋ｂ＝１を満たす値である。係数ａの値を係数ｂの値より大きくすることによってコスト削減を重視した制御が可能となり、係数ａの値を係数ｂの値より小さくすることによって処理水の水質を重視した制御が可能となる。また、数式（１）中、係数αは粉末活性炭の単価をＰＡＣの単価で除算した値等の重み係数であり、ｃは任意のペナルティ係数である。これにより、ステップＳ３の処理は完了し、薬品注入制御処理はステップＳ４の処理に進む。   In the process of step S3, the chemical injection rate control unit 182 uses the PAC injection rate and the powdered activated carbon injection rate input in the process of step S2 and the quality of the treated water calculated by the process of step S2 (processed water quality prediction value). The value of the evaluation function F is calculated by substituting into the following formula (1). In Equation (1), the coefficients a and b are values that satisfy a + b = 1. Control with an emphasis on cost reduction becomes possible by making the value of the coefficient a larger than the value of the coefficient b, and control with an emphasis on the quality of treated water becomes possible by making the value of the coefficient a smaller than the value of the coefficient b. . In Equation (1), the coefficient α is a weighting coefficient such as a value obtained by dividing the unit price of powdered activated carbon by the unit price of PAC, and c is an arbitrary penalty coefficient. Thereby, the process of step S3 is completed, and the chemical injection control process proceeds to the process of step S4.

Figure 0005845117
Figure 0005845117

ステップＳ４の処理では、処理水水質予測部１８１及び薬品注入率制御部１８２がＰＡＣ注入率及び粉末活性炭注入率を変更しながらステップＳ２及びステップ３の処理を繰り返し実行する。そして、薬品注入率制御部１８２が、各処理において算出された評価関数Ｆの値に基づいて最適なＰＡＣ注入率及び粉末活性炭注入率を決定する。本実施形態では、薬品注入率制御部１８２は、評価関数Ｆの値が最大になった時のＰＡＣ注入率及び粉末活性炭注入率を最適なＰＡＣ注入率及び粉末活性炭注入率として決定する。これにより、ステップＳ４の処理は完了し、薬品注入制御処理はステップＳ５の処理に進む。   In the process of step S4, the process water quality prediction unit 181 and the chemical injection rate control unit 182 repeatedly execute the processes of step S2 and step 3 while changing the PAC injection rate and the powdered activated carbon injection rate. Then, the chemical injection rate control unit 182 determines the optimum PAC injection rate and powdered activated carbon injection rate based on the value of the evaluation function F calculated in each process. In the present embodiment, the chemical injection rate control unit 182 determines the PAC injection rate and the powdered activated carbon injection rate when the value of the evaluation function F is maximized as the optimum PAC injection rate and the powdered activated carbon injection rate. Thereby, the process of step S4 is completed, and the chemical injection control process proceeds to the process of step S5.

ステップＳ５の処理では、薬品注入率制御部１８２が、ステップＳ４の処理によって決定した注入率でＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭を注入するようにＰＡＣ注入装置２１及び粉末活性炭注入装置２２の動作を制御する。これにより、ステップＳ５の処理は完了し、一連の薬品注入制御処理は終了する。   In the process of step S5, the chemical injection rate control unit 182 controls the operations of the PAC injection device 21 and the powdered activated carbon injection device 22 so as to inject PAC and powdered activated carbon at the injection rate determined by the process of step S4. Thereby, the process of step S5 is completed and a series of chemical | medical agent injection | pouring control processes are complete | finished.

以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明の一実施形態である薬品注入制御処理によれば、処理水水質予測部１８１が、ニューラルネットワークを利用して複数の注入率条件でＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭を注入した際の処理水の水質を予測し、薬品注入率制御部１８２が、処理水水質予測部１８１によって予測された処理水の水質を用いて、複数の注入率条件について、ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の使用コストと処理水の水質の目標値に対する予測値の乖離度とをパラメータとして少なくとも含む評価関数の値を算出し、算出された評価関数の値に基づいて、ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の最適な注入率条件を決定し、決定した注入率条件でＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭を原水に注入するので、処理水の水質を目標値に制御しつつ凝集処理に要するコストを削減することができる。   As is clear from the above description, according to the chemical injection control process according to an embodiment of the present invention, the treated water quality prediction unit 181 uses a neural network to convert PAC and powdered activated carbon under a plurality of injection rate conditions. The quality of the treated water at the time of injection is predicted, and the chemical injection rate control unit 182 uses the treated water quality predicted by the treated water quality predicting unit 181 to determine the PAC and the powdered activated carbon for a plurality of injection rate conditions. Calculate the value of the evaluation function including at least the cost of use and the degree of deviation of the predicted value from the target value of the treated water quality as parameters, and based on the calculated evaluation function value, the optimal injection rate of PAC and powdered activated carbon Decide conditions and inject PAC and powdered activated carbon into raw water under the decided injection rate conditions, so reduce the cost required for coagulation treatment while controlling the quality of treated water to the target value Door can be.

なお、本実施形態では、評価関数は、ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の使用コストと処理水の水質の目標値に対する予測値の乖離度とをパラメータとして有しているが、膜ろ過装置５の洗浄コストをパラメータとして評価関数に加えてもよい。この場合、評価関数は以下に示す数式（２）のように表される。数式（２）中、係数ａ１，ａ２，ｂはａ１＋ａ２＋ｂ＝１を満たす値である。係数ａ１，ａ２の和を係数ｂの値より大きくすることによってコスト削減を重視した制御が可能となり、係数ａ１，ａ２の和を係数ｂの値より小さくすることによって処理水の水質を重視した制御が可能となる。また、係数ａ１の値を係数ａ２の値より大きくすることによりＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の使用コスト削減を重視した制御が可能となり、係数ａ１の値を係数ａ２の値より小さくすることにより膜ろ過装置５の洗浄コスト削減を重視した制御が可能となる。また、数式（２）中、係数αは粉末活性炭の単価をＰＡＣの単価で除算した値等の重み係数であり、ｃは任意のペナルティ係数である。   In this embodiment, the evaluation function has the use cost of PAC and powdered activated carbon and the degree of divergence of the predicted value with respect to the target value of the quality of treated water as parameters, but the cleaning cost of the membrane filtration device 5 is It may be added to the evaluation function as a parameter. In this case, the evaluation function is expressed as the following formula (2). In Equation (2), the coefficients a1, a2, and b are values that satisfy a1 + a2 + b = 1. Control with an emphasis on cost reduction becomes possible by making the sum of the coefficients a1 and a2 larger than the value of the coefficient b, and control with an emphasis on the water quality of the treated water by making the sum of the coefficients a1 and a2 smaller than the value of the coefficient b. Is possible. Further, by making the value of the coefficient a1 larger than the value of the coefficient a2, it is possible to control the PAC and the powdered activated carbon with an emphasis on reducing the cost of use, and by making the value of the coefficient a1 smaller than the value of the coefficient a2, the membrane filtration device 5 It is possible to control with emphasis on reducing the cleaning cost. In Equation (2), the coefficient α is a weighting coefficient such as a value obtained by dividing the unit price of powdered activated carbon by the unit price of PAC, and c is an arbitrary penalty coefficient.

Figure 0005845117
Figure 0005845117

一般に、膜ろ過装置５の膜差圧は膜ろ過装置５の運転時間に応じて増加し、膜差圧が所定値以上になると膜ろ過装置５を特殊洗浄しなければならなくなる。また、膜ろ過装置５の洗浄コストは、膜ろ過の条件（原水水質、反応条件、ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の注入率等）から膜差圧を予測し、特殊洗浄費を膜差圧が所定値以上になるまでの時間で除算等することによって、見積もることができる。膜ろ過装置５の膜差圧の予測方法としては、例えば非特許文献１（“凝集剤注入率制御を目的としたニューラルネットワークによる膜濾過抵抗変化のモデル化”、陰山晃治ほか、水道協会雑誌、第８０巻、第９号、９〜２１頁）に開示されている方法を例示できる。   Generally, the membrane differential pressure of the membrane filtration device 5 increases according to the operation time of the membrane filtration device 5, and when the membrane differential pressure exceeds a predetermined value, the membrane filtration device 5 must be specially cleaned. In addition, the cleaning cost of the membrane filtration device 5 predicts the membrane differential pressure from the membrane filtration conditions (raw water quality, reaction conditions, PAC and powdered activated carbon injection rate, etc.), and the special cleaning cost exceeds the predetermined value. It can be estimated by dividing by the time until it becomes. As a method for predicting the membrane differential pressure of the membrane filtration device 5, for example, Non-Patent Document 1 (“Modeling of membrane filtration resistance change by a neural network for the purpose of controlling the coagulant injection rate”, Yuji Kageyama et al. 80, No. 9, pages 9 to 21).

以上、本発明者によってなされた発明を適用した実施の形態について説明したが、本実施形態による本発明の開示の一部をなす記述及び図面により本発明は限定されることはない。すなわち、本実施形態に基づいて当業者等によりなされる他の実施の形態、実施例及び運用技術等は全て本発明の範疇に含まれる。   Although the embodiment to which the invention made by the present inventor is applied has been described above, the present invention is not limited by the description and the drawings that form a part of the disclosure of the present invention according to this embodiment. That is, other embodiments, examples, operational techniques, and the like made by those skilled in the art based on the present embodiment are all included in the scope of the present invention.

１ 薬品注入制御システム
２原水槽
４ 薬品混和槽
５ 膜ろ過装置
１０ 原水色度センサ
１１ 原水アンモニア濃度センサ
１２ 原水濁度センサ
１３ 原水ｐＨセンサ
１４ 混和水塩素濃度センサ
１５ 混和水水温センサ
１６ 混和水ｐＨセンサ
１７ 処理水水質センサ
１８ 薬品注入制御装置
２０ 端末装置
２１ ＰＡＣ注入装置
２２ 粉末活性炭注入装置
１８１ 処理水水質予測部
１８２ 薬品注入率制御部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Chemical injection control system 2 Raw water tank 4 Chemical mixing tank 5 Membrane filtration device 10 Raw water chromaticity sensor 11 Raw water ammonia concentration sensor 12 Raw water turbidity sensor 13 Raw water pH sensor 14 Mixed water chlorine concentration sensor 15 Mixed water temperature sensor 16 Mixed water pH Sensor 17 Processed water quality sensor 18 Chemical injection control device 20 Terminal device 21 PAC injection device 22 Powdered activated carbon injection device 181 Processed water quality prediction unit 182 Chemical injection rate control unit

Claims (4)

ニューラルネットワークを利用して複数の注入率条件でＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭を注入した際の処理水の水質を予測する処理水水質予測ステップと、
前記処理水水質予測ステップにおいて予測された処理水の水質を用いて、前記複数の注入率条件について、ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の使用コストと処理水の水質の目標値に対する予測値の乖離度とをパラメータとして少なくとも含む評価関数の値を算出する評価関数算出ステップと、
前記評価関数算出ステップにおいて算出された評価関数の値に基づいて、ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の最適な注入率条件を決定する注入率決定ステップと、
前記注入率決定ステップにおいて決定された注入率条件でＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭を原水に注入する薬品注入ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする薬品注入制御方法。 A treated water quality prediction step for predicting the quality of treated water when PAC and powdered activated carbon are injected under a plurality of injection rate conditions using a neural network;
Using the treated water quality predicted in the treated water quality prediction step, the use cost of PAC and powdered activated carbon and the degree of divergence of the predicted value with respect to the target value of treated water quality are parameters for the plurality of injection rate conditions. An evaluation function calculating step for calculating a value of the evaluation function including at least
Based on the value of the evaluation function calculated in the evaluation function calculation step, an injection rate determination step for determining optimal injection rate conditions for PAC and powdered activated carbon;
A chemical injection step of injecting PAC and powdered activated carbon into raw water under the injection rate condition determined in the injection rate determination step;
A chemical injection control method comprising: 前記評価関数は、処理水を膜ろ過する膜ろ過装置の洗浄コストをパラメータとして含むことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の薬品注入制御方法。   The chemical injection control method according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation function includes, as a parameter, a cleaning cost of a membrane filtration device that performs membrane filtration of treated water. ニューラルネットワークを利用して複数の注入率条件でＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭を注入した際の処理水の水質を予測する処理水水質予測部と、
前記処理水水質予測部によって予測された処理水の水質を用いて、前記複数の注入率条件について、ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の使用コストと処理水の水質の目標値に対する予測値の乖離度とをパラメータとして少なくとも含む評価関数の値を算出し、算出された評価関数の値に基づいて、ＰＡＣ及び粉末活性炭の最適な注入率条件を決定し、決定した注入率条件に基づいた制御信号を出力する薬品注入率制御部と、
前記制御信号に従って原水に指定量のＰＡＣを注入するＰＡＣ注入装置と、
前記制御信号に従って前記原水に指定量の粉末活性炭を注入する粉末活性炭注入装置と、
を備えることを特徴とする薬品注入制御装置。 A treated water quality prediction unit for predicting the quality of treated water when PAC and powdered activated carbon are injected under a plurality of injection rate conditions using a neural network;
Using the treated water quality predicted by the treated water quality prediction unit, the PAC and powdered activated carbon use costs and the degree of divergence of the predicted value with respect to the target value of treated water quality are parameters for the plurality of injection rate conditions. As a chemical that calculates the value of the evaluation function including at least, determines the optimal injection rate condition of PAC and powdered activated carbon based on the calculated value of the evaluation function, and outputs a control signal based on the determined injection rate condition An injection rate control unit;
A PAC injection device for injecting a specified amount of PAC into raw water according to the control signal;
A powdered activated carbon injection device for injecting a specified amount of powdered activated carbon into the raw water according to the control signal;
A chemical injection control device comprising: 前記評価関数は、処理水を膜ろ過する膜ろ過装置の洗浄コストをパラメータとして含むことを特徴とする請求項３に記載の薬品注入制御装置。   The chemical injection control device according to claim 3, wherein the evaluation function includes, as a parameter, a cleaning cost of a membrane filtration device that performs membrane filtration of treated water.
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