JP5839156B2 - Music signal generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a musical tone signal generating apparatus that includes a tone generator circuit having a tone generation channel for generating a tone signal, and that generates a new tone signal by assigning it to the tone generation channel.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in, for example, Patent Document 1 below, a musical tone signal generating apparatus including a CPU that instructs the start of musical tone signal generation and a sound source circuit that starts generation of musical tone signals according to the instruction is known. . This tone generator circuit has a plurality of tone generation channels for generating musical tone signals. In the above tone signal generator, when the tone signal is generated in all tone generation channels, if the CPU instructs the tone generator circuit to start generating a new tone signal, one of the tone generation channels is selected. Then, an instruction to attenuate the volume level of the tone signal generated in the tone generation channel is given. The CPU continues to monitor the volume level of the tone signal output from the tone generation channel that has instructed to attenuate the volume level of the tone signal, and the volume level is a predetermined small level (hereinafter referred to as a dump level). The start of generation of the new musical tone signal is instructed when the following occurs.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-107029

  However, in the conventional musical tone signal generator, the CPU cannot perform other processes while the CPU is monitoring the volume level of the musical tone signal, so that the processing speed of the musical tone signal generator decreases. It was the cause.

  The present invention has been made to address the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a musical tone signal generating apparatus with improved processing speed.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized in that a tone generator (17) having a plurality of tone generation channels (CH0 to CH127) for generating a tone signal and generating a tone signal in response to a tone signal generation instruction. In the musical tone signal generating apparatus, comprising a control unit (19a) for assigning to one or a plurality of tone generation channels of the plurality of tone generation channels, the control unit generates tone information and tone signal generation that define the tone signal to be generated. Reserving means (S20, S24, S24, S24) for supplying channel designation information for designating one or a plurality of tone generation channels to be allocated to the sound source unit and reserving one or a plurality of tone generation channels for use in generating a musical tone signal as one group. S28) has, first in response to an instruction of the first tone signal generation, by the reservation unit, corresponding to the instruction of the first tone signal generation After one or more sound generation channels for generating a musical sound signal are reserved as a first group, generation of the first musical sound signal is started in one or more sound generation channels reserved as the first group One or a plurality of tone generation channels for generating a second musical sound signal corresponding to the second musical sound signal generation instruction by the reservation means in response to the second musical sound signal generation instruction. Can be reserved as a second group, and the sound source unit is designated by channel designation information, and is reserved information storage means (KM0 to KM127) for storing reservation information indicating reservation of a sound generation channel reserved as the one group. , KML0 to KML127) and the sound generation channel in which the reservation is represented by the reservation information stored in the reservation information storage means, When the volume level of the tone signal generated in all the sound generation channels belonging to one group is equal to or lower than a predetermined sound volume level, the sound generation channel represents the reservation, and the one group All the tone generation channels belonging to are provided with tone signal generation start means (17b3, 17b4, 17b6, AL0 to AL127, DL1 to DL30) for starting generation of tone signals defined by tone information.

In this case, the tone signal generation start means is at least volume level detection means (17b3, AL0 to AL127) for detecting the volume level of the tone generated in all sound generation channels whose reservation is indicated by the reservation information. All the sound generation channels belonging to the one group, which are reserved by the reservation information using the detection result of the volume level detection means and the reservation information stored in the reservation information storage means Dump level arrival detection means (17b4, DL1 to DL30) for detecting whether or not the volume level of the musical tone signal generated at the above is below the predetermined volume level, and the detection results of the dump level arrival detection means are: a sound channel for which the reservation by the reservation information are represented, all sound switch belonging to the one group When the volume level of the tone signal being generated is equal to or less than the predetermined volume level at tunnel, a sound channel is represented reservation by the reservation information, all tone generation channels belonging to the one group It is preferable to include music signal generation start instructing means (17b6) for instructing the start of music signal generation.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that a sound source unit having a plurality of sound generation channels for generating a music sound signal and a sound volume level detecting means for detecting a sound volume level of the sound signal generated in all the sound generation channels, and a sound signal generation In response to the instruction, a control unit that assigns a musical sound signal generation to one or a plurality of sounding channels of the plurality of sounding channels, wherein the control unit detects the volume level detecting means results using the determination result of each tone volume level of the sound tone signal is generated by channel and determining the level decision means to or less than Jo Tokoro volume level (S84, CL), the level determining means And assigned channel determining means (S16b, S16k) for determining one or a plurality of tone generation channels to which the musical sound signal generation is assigned, and The tone information for defining the tone signal and the channel designation information for designating one or more tone generation channels to which tone signal generation is assigned are supplied to the sound source unit, and one or more tone generation channels for use in tone signal generation are supplied to the tone generator. Reservation means for reserving as one group, and the sound source unit is designated by channel designation information, and reservation information storage means for memorizing reservation information representing reservation of the sound channel reserved as the one group, and reservation a sound channel for which the reservation is represented by the reservation information stored in the information storage means, said one volume level is the predetermined volume of the musical tone signals are generated in all tone generation channels belonging to the group A sound channel in which the reservation is represented when it is below the level and belongs to the one group The tone signal generation start means for starting the generation of the tone signal defined by the tone information is provided for all sound generation channels, and the tone signal generation start means is stored in the detection result and reservation information storage means of the volume level detection means. Using the stored reservation information, the tone level of the tone signal generated in all the sound generation channels that are reserved by the reservation information and represented by the reservation information is the predetermined sound level. A dump level arrival detection means for detecting whether or not the volume level is equal to or lower than the sound volume level, and a detection result of the dump level arrival detection means is a tone generation channel whose reservation is represented by reservation information, When the volume level of the tone signal generated in all the sound generation channels to which it belongs is below the predetermined volume level, the reservation information The tone generation channel in which the reservation is expressed, and the tone signal generation start instructing means for instructing all tone generation channels belonging to the one group to start the tone signal generation.

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that a tone generator having a plurality of tone generation channels for generating a tone signal, and generating a tone signal in response to an instruction to generate a tone signal, one or more of the plurality of tone generation channels. A musical sound signal generating apparatus comprising a control unit assigned to a channel, wherein the control unit stores generation instruction information representing the content of the musical signal signal generation instruction in the order in which the musical signal signal generation instruction is given. Using the means (NL), the generation instruction information stored in the generation instruction information storage means, the assigned channel determination means (S16c, S16k) for determining the tone generation channel to which the tone signal generation is assigned, and the tone signal to be generated are defined. Channel designation information for designating one or more tone generation channels to which musical tone information and musical tone signal generation are assigned is supplied to the sound source section. Reservation means for reserving one or a plurality of sound generation channels to be used for signal generation as one group, and the sound source unit is designated by the channel designation information and reserved as the one group Reservation information storage means for storing reservation information representing the reservation of the sound, and a sound generation channel in which the reservation is represented by the reservation information stored in the reservation information storage means, and all sound generation channels belonging to the one group When the volume level of the musical tone signal generated at is equal to or lower than a predetermined volume level, the musical tone information is transmitted to all of the musical tone generation channels in which the reservation is represented and belonging to the one group. Music signal generation start means for starting generation of a music signal defined by At least the volume level detecting means for detecting the volume level of the tone signal generated in all the sound generation channels for which the reservation is indicated by the reservation information, and the detection result of the volume level detecting means and stored in the reservation information storage means Using the reserved information, the tone level of the tone signal generated in all the tone generation channels that are reserved by the reservation information and are represented by the reservation information is set to the predetermined level. The dump level arrival detection means for detecting whether or not the volume level is lower than the sound level, and the detection result of the dump level arrival detection means are sound generation channels whose reservation is represented by reservation information, and belong to the one group When the volume level of the tone signal generated in all the sound channels is below the predetermined volume level, the reservation information is displayed. Therefore, the sound generation channel in which the reservation is expressed, and the sound signal generation start instructing means for instructing the start of the generation of the sound signal to all the sound generation channels belonging to the one group.

  According to the musical tone signal generator configured as described above, the control unit assigns musical tone information related to a new musical tone signal to be generated next and assigned to generate a musical tone signal corresponding to the musical tone signal generation instruction in the sound source unit. Channel designation information for designating the sound channel may be supplied to the sound source unit to reserve the sound channel to be used for generating the tone signal, and the control unit does not have to control the generation start timing of the tone signal. That is, the timing of starting the generation of a new musical sound signal is controlled by the sound source unit. Therefore, since the control unit can start another process immediately after reserving the sound generation channel for generating a new tone signal, the processing speed of the tone signal generator can be improved. .

Another feature of the present invention is that a sound source unit having a plurality of tone generation channels for generating a tone signal and a tone signal generation in response to an instruction to generate a tone signal, one or more of the plurality of tone generation channels. In the musical tone signal generating apparatus comprising the control unit assigned to the tone generation channels, the control unit receives the tone information defining the tone signal to be generated and channel designation information designating one or more tone generation channels to which the tone signal generation is assigned. Reserving means for reserving one or a plurality of sound generation channels to be supplied to the sound source unit and used for generating a musical sound signal as one group, the sound source unit being designated by the channel designation information, Reservation information storage means for storing reservation information indicating reservation of the reserved sound channel, and at least the reservation information represents the reservation. Volume level detecting means for detecting the volume level of the musical tone signal generated in all sound generation channels, and the reservation is indicated by the reservation information stored in the reservation information storage means. The tone generation channel, which is the tone generation channel in which the reservation is expressed when the volume level of the tone signal generated in all the tone generation channels belonging to the one group is equal to or lower than a predetermined volume level. And a tone signal generation start means for starting generation of a tone signal defined by the tone information for all tone generation channels belonging to the one group, and the reservation information storage means is supplied with channel designation information. Each of the first storage means (KM0 to KM127) for storing the reservation information in an updatable manner and the sound volume level detection means at least the reservation information. Therefore, before starting the detection of the volume level of the tone signal generated in all the tone generation channels belonging to the one group, which is the tone generation channel in which the reservation is represented, it is stored in the first storage means. And the second storage means (KML0 to KML127) for storing the reservation information until the sound volume level detecting means finishes detecting the sound volume level, and the tone signal generation starting means is the sound volume level detecting means. Using the detection result and the reservation information stored in the second storage means, the sound generation channel whose reservation is represented by the reservation information, which is generated in all the sound generation channels belonging to the one group. A dump level arrival detecting means for detecting whether or not a volume level of a musical sound signal is below the predetermined volume level; and a dump level arrival detecting means The detection result is a sound channel whose reservation is indicated by the reservation information, and the volume level of the tone signal generated in all sound channels belonging to the one group is equal to or lower than the predetermined volume level. In some cases, the tone generation channel is a tone generation channel for which reservation is indicated by the reservation information, and includes tone signal generation start instructing means for instructing all tone generation channels belonging to the one group to start tone signal generation. .

  According to the musical tone signal generating apparatus configured as described above, the reservation information in the second storage means is not updated while the volume level detecting means detects the volume level of the musical tone signal generated in the tone generation channel. Therefore, as will be described in detail below, the generated musical sound signal can be prevented from becoming unnatural.

  For example, in the case of reserving a plurality of sound generation channels and using the reservation information stored in the first storage means that can be updated at any time to detect that the sound volume is below the predetermined volume level, Thus, the generated musical sound signal may become unnatural. That is, when the control unit reserves the sound generation channel CHa whose sound volume level has been detected by the sound volume level detection means and the sound generation channel CHb whose sound volume level has not been detected, the reservation information in the first storage means indicates the sound volume level of the sound generation channel CHb. Updated before being detected. Thereafter, the volume level detecting means detects the volume level of the sound generation channel CHb. The musical sound signal generating means can generate the sound channel only if the sound volume level detection result of the sound generation channel CHb is equal to or lower than the predetermined sound volume level even if the sound volume level detection result of the sound generation channel CHa is equal to or higher than the predetermined sound volume level. Generation of a new tone signal is started at CHa and CHb. Therefore, an unnatural tone signal may appear as if the tone signal generated in the sound generation channel CHa is suddenly interrupted. Therefore, with the configuration described above, the tone signal generation start means can detect that it is below the predetermined volume level using the reservation information held in the second storage means. Can be prevented from becoming unnatural.

According to another aspect of the present invention, each time the channel designation information is supplied, the sound source unit is identification information common to the sound generation channel designated by the channel designation information, the identification information representing the group. Is set when the identification information allocating means assigns common identification information to the designated tone generation channel, and the musical tone signal generation start means indicates the reservation by the reservation information. Identification information storage means for storing, for each common identification information, an identification information flag that is cleared when generation of a musical tone signal is started in all the sound generation channels belonging to the one group. GU1 to GU30), and the reservation information storage means stores the assigned common identification information as reservation information. It is to.

  In this case, the type of common identification information is determined in advance, and the identification information assigning means uses the identification information flag to select identification information that is not assigned to any sound generation channel, and selects the selected identification information. Is assigned to the designated sounding channel, and the sound source unit uses the identification information flag stored in the identification information storage means to detect whether or not the identification information can be assigned to the designated sounding channel. The reservation unit further includes a permission detection unit (17b2, GF), and the reservation unit waits until common identification information can be allocated to the designated sound generation channel using the detection result of the allocation determination unit. Means (S26) may be included.

  According to the musical tone signal generator configured as described above, it is possible to manage the sound generation channels that simultaneously start the musical tone signal generation using the common identification information. That is, it is possible to manage reserved sound generation channels by dividing into a plurality of groups each composed of one or a plurality of sound generation channels using a plurality of identification information. Therefore, even if the control unit is instructed to start generation of many tone signals within a short period of time, the control unit can reserve a sound generation channel as long as there is a space in the common identification information. Since the other processing can be executed after the reservation, the processing speed of the musical tone signal generator can be improved.

  In addition, although the code | symbol in the said parenthesis shows the corresponding relationship with embodiment mentioned later in order to make an understanding of this invention easy, this invention is not limited to this.

1 is an overall block diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which a musical tone signal generator according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of the tone generator circuit of FIG. 1. It is a memory map which shows the structure of waveform data. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the structure of a cutoff envelope. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of the pronunciation reservation circuit of FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of a musical tone parameter input / output circuit of FIG. 2. It is a memory map which shows the structure of voice data. It is a schematic diagram which shows the relationship between part information, note information, sound production channel information, and voice data. It is a memory map which shows the structure of note information. It is a memory map which shows the structure of pronunciation channel information. It is a flowchart which shows a pronunciation reservation program. 12 is a flowchart showing a sound generation channel securing routine in FIG. 11. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a specific example of the parameter writing process of FIG. 11. It is a time chart which shows operation | movement of a pronunciation reservation circuit. It is a time chart which shows operation | movement of a musical tone parameter input / output circuit. It is a flowchart which shows a parameter update process program. It is a flowchart which shows a specific example of the update process of the parameter of the 2nd memory of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows a volume level acquisition process program.

a. Overall Configuration First, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which a musical tone signal generator according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. The electronic musical instrument includes a keyboard 11, a panel operator 12, a pedal operator 13, an operator interface circuit 14, a display 16, a sound source circuit 17, a sound system 18, a computer unit 19, a storage device 21, and an external interface circuit 22. ing.

  The keyboard 11 is composed of a plurality of white keys and black keys that are operated by the performer's hand to specify the pitch of the tone signal to be generated and to instruct the generation and stop of the tone signal. The panel operation element 12 includes a plurality of operation elements provided on the operation panel of the electronic musical instrument. These controls are also used to set the operation of the entire electronic musical instrument, including those that are set by the performer's hand to set the musical tone characteristics such as the tone, volume, and effects of the musical tone signal that is generated. is there. These operators include various operators such as a rotary operator and a slide operator in addition to an on / off operator. In addition, the panel operation element 12 includes an operation element corresponding to each operation element such as a switch corresponding to an on / off operation element, a volume or rotary encoder corresponding to a rotary operation element, and a volume or linear encoder corresponding to a slide operation element. included.

  The pedal operator 13 is operated by a player's foot and sets musical tone characteristics such as tone color, volume, and effect of the musical tone signal generated. These operators include a slide type operator in addition to an on / off operator. Further, the pedal operator 13 includes an operating element corresponding to each operator such as a switch corresponding to an on / off operation, a volume corresponding to a slide type operator, or a linear encoder.

  The keyboard 11, panel operator 12, and pedal operator 13 are connected to an operator interface circuit 14 connected to a bus 23. Then, performance information representing operations of the keyboard 11, the panel operator 12, and the pedal operator 13 is supplied to the computer unit 19 described later via the operator interface circuit 14 and the bus 23. The display 16 is configured by a liquid crystal display (LCD), and displays characters, figures, and the like on a display screen. The display on the display 16 is controlled by the computer unit 19 via the bus 23.

  The tone generator circuit 17 includes a waveform memory WM that stores a plurality of waveform data, reads the waveform data designated by the CPU 19 a from the waveform memory WM, generates a digital musical tone signal, and supplies it to the sound system 18. Note that an effector circuit for adding various effects such as a chorus effect and a reverberation effect to the digital musical tone signal is included in the tone generator circuit 17 as will be described later. The sound system 18 is a D / A converter that D / A converts the digital musical tone signal supplied from the sound source circuit 17 into an analog musical tone signal, an amplifier that amplifies the converted analog musical tone signal, and the amplified analog musical tone signal. A speaker that converts the signal into an output is provided.

  The computer unit 19 includes a CPU 19a, a timer 19b, a ROM 19c, and a RAM 19d connected to the bus 23, respectively. The CPU 19 a supplies information necessary for sound generation to the tone generator circuit 17 in accordance with performance information supplied from the operator interface circuit 14 and the external interface circuit 22. In particular, the CPU 19a performs a note-on event generated by a player's key press operation on the keyboard 11, and performance information supplied from an external device via the external interface circuit 22 or performance information stored in the storage device 21 and reproduced. In response to the note-on event that constitutes the sound generation circuit 17, a sound generation reservation program is executed to reserve a new sound generation for the tone generator circuit 17. That is, the CPU 19a simply supplies a parameter relating to the musical sound itself relating to a new sounding (hereinafter referred to as a musical sound parameter) to the sound source circuit 17, and does not issue a sounding start instruction. The sound generation start timing is controlled by the tone generator circuit 17.

The storage device 21 includes a large-capacity nonvolatile recording medium such as an HDD, FDD, CD-ROM, MO, and DVD, and a drive unit corresponding to each recording medium, and stores various data and programs. Reading is possible. These data and programs may be stored in advance in the storage device 21 or may be taken in from the outside via the external interface circuit 22. Various data and programs stored in the storage device 21 are read by the CPU 19a and used to control the electronic musical instrument. The external interface circuit 22 includes a MIDI interface circuit and a communication interface circuit. The external interface circuit 22 can be connected to MIDI-compatible external devices such as other electronic music devices and personal computers, and can be connected to a communication network such as the Internet. It has become.

b. Next, the configuration of the tone generator circuit 17 will be described in detail. First, the overall configuration of the tone generator circuit 17 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the tone generator circuit 17 includes a waveform memory WM that stores waveform data. The tone generator circuit 17 includes a plurality of (for example, 128) tone generation channels CH0, CH1,... CH127 that read waveform data from the waveform memory WM and generate digital musical tone signals. The sound source circuit 17 includes a channel accumulation circuit 17a that accumulates digital musical tone signals generated in the sound generation channels CH0, CH1,. The tone generator circuit 17 also includes a tone generation reservation circuit 17b that receives a reservation for a tone generation channel by the CPU 19a and instructs the reserved tone generation channel to start a tone generation. Further, the tone generator circuit 17 receives the tone parameter for each tone generation channel output from the CPU 19a, and outputs the tone parameter input / output circuit to each tone generation channel CH0, CH1,... CH127 at a predetermined timing. 17c. Next, the waveform memory WM, tone generation channels CH0, CH1,... CH127, channel accumulation circuit 17a, tone generation reservation circuit 17b, and tone parameter input / output circuit 17c will be described in detail.

b1. Waveform Memory The waveform memory WM stores waveform data representing musical sound waveforms of a plurality of types of musical instruments as shown in FIG. In some cases, a musical tone of one musical instrument is decomposed into a plurality of components and stored as separate musical sound waveforms. For example, like a piano sound, there are cases where the tone color at the start of sound generation is broken down into components that do not change much from the start to the end of sound generation and is stored as separate musical sound waveforms. Therefore, a musical sound waveform obtained by disassembling one musical sound waveform for each component is referred to as an element waveform, and each digital musical sound signal generated from an element waveform read by a separate sound generation channel is referred to as an element signal. The generated element signals are synthesized by the channel accumulation circuit 17a to become a musical tone signal of one musical instrument. Depending on the type of musical instrument, one musical sound waveform may be stored as one waveform without being disassembled for each component. In this case, since one musical sound waveform is not decomposed for each component, strictly speaking, this musical sound waveform is not an element waveform, but a musical sound signal of one musical instrument is generated from only one element waveform. In this case, the tone waveform is also called an element waveform.

  Each element waveform is composed of a waveform set provided for each predetermined range of key pitches (for example, every one octave). By performing interpolation processing in each of the sound generation channels CH0, CH1,. A digital musical tone signal corresponding to the pitch of the key is generated. The waveform set is composed of waveform data provided for each predetermined range of key depression strength (for example, for each step of the key depression strength divided into four stages), and each tone generation channel CH0, CH1,. By performing an interpolation process in CH127, an element signal having a tone color and volume corresponding to the key depression strength is generated. A waveform set may be provided for each key. The element waveform may be composed of only one waveform set regardless of the key pitch. Furthermore, each waveform set may be composed of only one waveform data regardless of the key depression strength.

b2. Sound generation channels The sound generation channels CH0, CH1,... CH127 are configured in the same manner, and generate element signals for each sampling period. In the following description, the generation of an element signal in the sound generation channel is simply referred to as sound generation. Each of the tone generation channels CH0, CH1,... CH127 includes a low frequency signal generation circuit LFO, a pitch change circuit PEG, a cut-off frequency change circuit FEG, and a volume change circuit AEG. Further, each sound generation channel CH0, CH1,... CH127 also includes an address generation circuit ADR, a sample interpolation circuit SPI, a filter circuit FLT, and a volume control circuit AMP.

  The low frequency signal generation circuit LFO generates a modulation signal that periodically changes the pitch, tone color, and volume after the start of sound generation, and supplies the modulation signal to the address generation circuit ADR, the filter circuit FLT, and the volume control circuit AMP. The low frequency signal generation circuit LFO is supplied with low frequency signal control parameters from the CPU 19a via the musical tone parameter input / output circuit 17c. The low frequency signal control parameter includes data designating the waveform, frequency and amplitude of the modulation signal output from the low frequency signal generation circuit LFO.

  The pitch change circuit PEG supplies a pitch control signal for controlling the pitch of the element signal to the address generation circuit ADR. The pitch change circuit PEG generates a pitch control signal that changes over time so that the pitch of the element signal changes over time after the start of sound generation, and supplies the pitch control signal to the address generation circuit ADR. A series of pitch control signals that change over time is called a pitch envelope. The cut-off frequency changing circuit FEG supplies a cut-off frequency control signal for controlling the frequency characteristic of the element signal to the filter circuit FLT. The cut-off frequency control circuit FEG generates a cut-off frequency control signal that changes over time so that the cut-off frequency of the filter changes over time after the start of sound generation, and supplies the cut-off frequency control signal to the filter circuit FLT. A series of cutoff frequency control signals that change with the passage of time is called a cutoff envelope. The volume change circuit AEG supplies a volume control signal for controlling the volume of the element signal to the volume control circuit AMP. The volume change circuit AEG generates a volume control signal that changes with time so that the volume of the element signal changes with time after the start of sound generation, and supplies the volume control signal to the volume control circuit AMP. A series of volume control signals that change over time is called a volume envelope.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the cut-off envelope is composed of first to fifth stages having different rates of change of the cut-off frequency control signal. Cut-off envelope parameters are supplied from the CPU 19a to the cut-off frequency changing circuit FEG via the musical tone parameter input / output circuit 17c. The cut-off envelope parameter is an initial level representing the cut-off frequency at the start of sound generation, and a target for each stage representing the cut-off frequency (attack level, first decay level, second decay level, and release level) at the end of each stage. It consists of the level and the duration of each stage (attack time, first decay time, second decay time and release time).

  At the start of sound generation, only the initial level, the target level of the first stage, and the duration of the first stage (that is, the attack level and attack time) are supplied to the cut-off frequency changing circuit FEG. The level and duration (ie, decay 1 level, decay 2 level, release level, decay 1 time, decay 2 time, and release time) are provided after the previous stage is finished. However, in the fourth stage, the cut-off frequency is maintained at the second decay level until a note-off event is generated by the key release operation of the keyboard 11 by the performer and the release level and release time are supplied from the CPU 19a. Is done. The cut-off frequency changing circuit FEG calculates the change rate of the cut-off frequency of each stage from the target level and duration of each stage, and changes the cut-off frequency control signal at the calculated change rate for each sampling period. To be supplied to the filter circuit FLT.

  Note that the target level of the initial level and the final stage may be different. Further, the initial level and the target level of each stage supplied from the CPU 19a may be expressed by absolute values, or a reference cutoff frequency common to each stage and a relative value with respect to the reference cutoff frequency. May be represented. In the above example, the cutoff frequency envelope is composed of five stages, but the number of stages is not limited to this, and the number of stages may be further increased. Conversely, the number of stages may be reduced.

  Similarly to the cut-off frequency changing circuit FEG, the pitch changing circuit PEG and the volume changing circuit AEG are supplied with the pitch envelope parameter and the volume envelope parameter from the CPU 19a. Like the cutoff envelope parameter, the pitch envelope parameter and the volume envelope parameter include the initial level, the target level of each stage, and the duration. That is, the pitch envelope and the volume envelope are also composed of a plurality of stages defined by the pitch envelope parameter and the volume envelope parameter. The signals are supplied to the address generation circuit ADR and the volume control circuit AMP, respectively.

  The address generating circuit ADR is a pitch value representing the key pitch of the key that has been depressed included in the musical tone parameter supplied from the CPU 19a via the musical tone parameter input / output circuit 17c, and the pitch control supplied from the pitch changing circuit PEG. The pitch shift amount is calculated by synthesizing the signal and the modulation signal supplied from the low frequency signal generation circuit LFO. Here, waveform data information is supplied to the address generation circuit ADR from the CPU 19a via the musical tone parameter input / output circuit 17c. The waveform data information includes a start address and an end address of waveform data read from the waveform memory WM, and an original pitch representing a pitch of the waveform data. The difference between the original pitch and the pitch of the musical sound to be generated is the pitch shift amount. Next, the address generation circuit ADR determines the waveform data read rate according to the pitch shift amount. The address generation circuit ADR reads the waveform data from the waveform memory WM at the determined read rate. However, since the readout rate determined according to the pitch shift amount usually includes a decimal part, the readout address of the waveform data also consists of an integer part and a decimal part. Therefore, in reading this waveform data, a pair of adjacent sample values of the waveform data is read using the integer part and supplied to the sample interpolation unit SPI. The sample interpolation unit SPI performs an interpolation operation using the supplied pair of sample values and the decimal part of the address to generate digital musical tone data, and supplies it to the filter circuit FLT.

  The filter circuit FLT combines the cut-off frequency control signal supplied from the cut-off frequency changing circuit FEG and the modulation signal supplied from the low-frequency signal generating circuit LFO to calculate the cut-off frequency of the filter. Filter control parameters are also supplied to the filter circuit FLT from the CPU 19a via the musical tone parameter input / output circuit 17c. The filter control parameter includes filter selection information for selecting a filter type (for example, a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, etc.). The filter circuit FLT sets the cutoff frequency of the filter selected according to the filter selection information to the calculated cutoff frequency, filters the waveform data supplied from the sample interpolation circuit SPI with this filter, and then performs the volume control circuit AMP. Output to.

  The volume control circuit AMP combines the volume control signal supplied from the volume change circuit AEG and the modulation signal supplied from the low frequency signal generation circuit LFO, and calculates the volume of the tone signal to be generated. Then, the volume control circuit AMP attenuates or amplifies the waveform data supplied from the filter circuit FLT according to the calculated volume, and outputs it to the channel accumulation circuit 17a.

  In the present embodiment, the tone generator circuit 17 includes 128 tone generation channels CH0, CH1,... CH127. You may use it. For example, if one sampling period is divided into 128, the processing performed in each divided period corresponds to the processing performed in the sound generation channels CH0, CH1,.

b3. Channel accumulation circuit 17a
The channel accumulation circuit 17a accumulates the musical tone signals output from the sound generation channels CH0, CH1,... CH127 at each sampling period, and outputs the accumulated musical tone signal to the sound system 18. The channel accumulating circuit 17a includes an effect processing circuit for adding a common effect (for example, chorus effect, reverberation effect, etc.) to the tone signal output from each sound generation channel.

b4. Pronunciation reservation circuit 17b
Next, the pronunciation reservation circuit 17b will be described. The sound generation reservation circuit 17b generates and stores information related to the musical sound to be generated in the sound generation channel designated by the CPU 19a, and instructs the sound generation channel to start sound generation at a predetermined timing.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the pronunciation reservation circuit 17b includes channel designation registers CS0, CS1,... CS127 and a reservation reception circuit 17b1. Channel designation registers CS0, CS1,... CH127 are 128-bit bitmaps made up of bits corresponding to the sound generation channels CH0, CH1,... CH127, respectively. This is used when a sound channel is specified and an instruction is given including cancellation of channel reservation. For example, in order to generate a musical sound waveform that has been decomposed into a plurality of element waveforms, the CPU 19a instructs the tone generation reservation circuit 17b to specify a plurality of tone generation channels to be used for generating element signals. At this time, the CPU 19a sets the bits corresponding to the tone generation channel to be used in the channel designation registers CS0, CS1,. To do. Thereafter, the CPU 19a outputs a reservation trigger signal to the reservation receiving circuit 17b1 in order to cause the reservation receiving circuit 17b1 to assign a common group number to the designated tone generation channel.

  The channel designation registers CS0, CS1,... CS127 are assigned to addresses represented by “channel bits 0” to “channel bits 127” in the memory address space of the CPU 19a. The “channel bit 127” can be used to perform bit operations (designation of sound generation channels to be reserved) in the channel designation registers CS0, CS1,. A reservation trigger register (not shown) provided in the reservation receiving circuit 17b1 is assigned to an address represented by “reservation trigger” in the memory address space of the CPU 19a, and the CPU 19a uses the “reservation trigger” to make a reservation. A reservation trigger signal can be output to the reception circuit 17b1.

  The reservation receiving circuit 17b1 assigns a common group number to a plurality of tone generation channels designated by the channel designation registers CS0, CS1,... CS127. As in the above example, when one musical sound waveform is decomposed into a plurality of element waveforms (that is, when a plurality of tone generation channels are used simultaneously), a common group number is assigned to the plurality of tone generation channels. At the same time, the sound generation channels for starting sound generation are managed by group numbers. If one musical sound waveform is composed of one element waveform, grouping of multiple sound generation channels is not performed, but in order to simplify the circuit configuration, it is the same as when combining multiple element signals. In addition, a group consisting of only one sound channel is formed and a group number is assigned. However, there is an upper limit to the number of groups, and 30 groups can be used in this embodiment. Therefore, group usage status registers GU1 to GU30 are provided for storing a group availability flag indicating whether each group number can be used. The reservation receiving circuit 17b1 assigns one group number “usable” from the group usage status registers GU1 to GU30 to the sound generation channel, and then selects the group number in the group usage status registers GU1 to GU30. The register corresponding to is set to “unusable”. The group availability flag set to “unusable” is set to “usable” by the sounding start instruction circuit 17b6 described later at the start of sounding. Here, the CPU 19a outputs a reservation trigger signal after confirming with the group full flag GF that a group number can be assigned to the tone generation channel to be reserved. Therefore, the reservation receiving circuit 17b1 to which the reservation trigger signal is input can always assign the group number to the sound generation channel.

  The group full flag GF is a flag indicating whether or not there is an empty group (that is, whether or not a group number can be assigned to a sound generation channel). The group full flag GF is set to “with empty group” or “without empty group” by the group full flag setting circuit 17b2. In other words, the group full flag setting circuit 17b2 sets the group full flag to “with free group” if any one of the group usage status registers GU1 to GU30 is “available”. On the other hand, if all the registers of the group usage status registers GU1 to GU30 are “unusable”, the group full flag GF is set to “no empty group”. The group full flag GF is assigned to an address represented by “group full” in the memory address space of the CPU 19a, and the CPU 19a can read the value of the group full flag GF using “group full”. .

  The reservation receiving circuit 17b1 writes the acquired group number in the key-on map. The key-on map includes key-on map registers KM0 to KM127 provided corresponding to the sound generation channels CH0 to CH127, respectively. The key-on map registers KM0 to KM127 represent any number of group numbers “1” to “30” or “no group assignment”. The key-on map is updated each time a note-on event occurs. That is, when a note-on event occurs, the CPU 19a selects one or a plurality of sound generation channels, and writes a common group number to the key-on map register relating to the selected sound generation channel. Thereafter, the reservation receiving circuit 17b1 sets the channel designation register set to “reservation” to “no designation”.

  The level detection circuit 17b3 detects the volume level of the element signal output from the volume control circuit AMP of each sound generation channel CH0, CH1,. Also, the volume levels recorded in the volume level registers AL0, AL1,... AL127 are supplied to the dump level arrival detection circuit 17b4. The volume level registers AL0, AL1,... AL127 are assigned to addresses represented by “volume level 0” to “volume level 127” in the memory address space of the CPU 19a. Using the “volume level 127”, the values of the volume level registers AL0, AL1,.

  The level detection circuit 17b3 detects the volume level of the element signals of the sound generation channels CH0 to CH127 and supplies the detection result to the dump level arrival detection circuit 17b4 in a time division manner within one sampling period. Just before the level detection circuit 17b3 starts to detect the level of the musical tone data of the series of tone generation channels CH0 to CH127, the contents of the key-on map are the same as the key-on map registers KM0 to KM127 by the key-on map latch circuit 17b5. The key-on-map latch registers KML0, KML1... KML127 are copied and held. Based on the key-on map latch, the dump level arrival detection circuit 17b4 determines whether or not the volume level of the element signal generated in all sound generation channels belonging to each group is equal to or lower than the dump level.

  The dump level arrival detection circuit 17b4 sequentially writes the determination results in the dump level arrival detection registers DL1, DL2,. The dump level arrival detection registers DL1, DL2,..., DL30 are registers corresponding to each group, and store data indicating “dump level reached” or “dump level not reached”, respectively. First, the dump level arrival detection circuit 17b4 sets the dump level arrival detection registers DL1, DL2,... DL30 before the level detection circuit 17b3 starts detecting the volume level of the element signal for the series of sound generation channels CH0 to CH127. Set to “Dump level reached”. Then, the volume level of each element signal supplied from the level detection circuit 17b3 is compared with the dump level.

  For example, when the volume level of the element signal of the sound generation channel CHn (n = 0, 1,... 127) is higher than the dump level, the group number m (stored in the key-on-map latch register KMLn corresponding to the sound generation channel CHn. m = 1, 2,... 30) and the dump level arrival detection register DLm corresponding to the group number m is set to “dump level not reached”. At this time, if the dump level arrival detection register DLm is already set to “dump level not reached”, the next sound generation channel is determined without operating the dump level arrival detection register DLm. On the other hand, when the volume level of the sound generation channel CHn is equal to or lower than the dump level, the dump level arrival detection register DLm is not operated. It should be noted that both the case where the volume level of the element signal of the sound generation channel CHn (n = 0, 1,... 127) is larger than the dump level and the case where the volume level of the sound channel CHn is lower than the dump level. When the acquired value of the key-on map register is “no group assignment”, the next sound generation channel is determined without operating the dump level arrival detection register DLm.

  After the above determination process is performed for all sound generation channels, if the dump level arrival detection register DLm is set to “dump level unreachable”, any one or a plurality of sound generation channels belonging to the group m are selected. The volume level of the element signal of the sound generation channel is higher than the dump level. On the other hand, if the dump level arrival detection register DLm is set to “dump level reached”, the volume levels of the element signals of all sound channels belonging to the group m are below the dump level.

  Here, the reason for determining whether the dump level has been reached based on the key-on map latch instead of the key-on map will be described. As described above, the key-on map registers KM0 to KM127 are updated even while the dump level arrival detection circuit 17b4 is determining the volume level of the element signals of the sound generation channels CH0, CH1,. .

  For example, it is assumed that the sound generation channel CH0 is sounding and has not reached the dump level, and the group number is not recorded in the key-on map register KM0 (that is, the sound channel CH0 is not reserved). . Further, it is assumed that the sound generation channel CH5 is a channel that is not used for sound generation (empty channel). Then, after the level detection circuit 17b3 and the dump level arrival detection circuit 17b4 determine the sound generation channel CH0 and before the sound generation channel CH5 is determined, a new note-on event occurs and the sound generation channel CH0. And the sound generation channel CH5 is designated as a sound generation channel to be used for new sound generation, and the group number “3” is recorded in the key-on map registers KM0 and KM5. Thereafter, when the level detection circuit 17b3 and the dump level arrival detection circuit 17b4 determine the sound generation channel CH5, it is determined that the sound generation channel CH5 has reached the dump level because the sound generation channel CH5 is an empty channel. Then, although the musical sound signal being sounded in the sound generation channel CH0 belonging to the group number “3” has not reached the dump level, the sound generation start instruction circuit 17b6 described later for the sound generation channel CH0 and the sound generation channel CH5 An instruction to start pronunciation is given. Therefore, the musical sound being generated on the sound generation channel CH0 becomes an unnatural musical sound that seems to be suddenly interrupted. In order to prevent the generation of such unnatural musical sounds, while the level detection circuit 17b3 and the dump level arrival detection circuit 17b4 make the determination for the series of sound generation channels CH0 to CH127, the group to which each sound generation channel belongs is determined. It must be kept unchanged. Therefore, the contents of the key-on map are copied to the key-on map latch, and it is determined that the dump level has been reached based on the key-on map latch.

  When the dump level arrival detection register DLm (m = 1, 2,... 30) is set to “Dump level reached”, the sound generation start instruction circuit 17b6 generates sound for all sound channels belonging to the group m. Instruct the start. Then, the sound generation start instruction circuit 17b6 sets the key-on map registers and key-on map latch registers corresponding to all sound generation channels belonging to the group m to “no group assignment”. Further, the sound generation start instruction circuit 17b6 sets the group usage status register GUm to “usable”. The sound generation start instruction circuit 17b6 issues an output and transfer instruction to an initial parameter output circuit 17c2, a normal parameter transfer circuit 17c3, and a normal parameter output circuit 17c4, which will be described later, immediately before the sound generation start instruction.

  In addition, a new musical tone to be generated (for example, a musical tone for a melody) may need to be generated more preferentially than a musical tone (for example, a musical tone for accompaniment) to be generated by a reserved sound channel. . In this case, the reservation of the sound channel can be forcibly canceled, and the sound channel can be reserved for a new musical sound. That is, the tone generation reservation circuit 17b has a reservation cancel circuit 17b7 for canceling the reservation of the tone generation channel. When canceling the reservation of the sound generation channel CHn (n = 0, 1,... 127), the CPU 19a sets the channel designation register CSn corresponding to the sound generation channel CHn to “cancel”, and then the reservation cancel circuit 17b7. The cancel trigger signal is output. The channel designation registers CS0 to CS127 are also used for the reservation of the sound generation channel described above, but are set to “no specification” at the end of the reservation, and are also used for canceling the reservation of the sound generation channel. A cancel trigger register (not shown) provided in the reservation cancel circuit 17b7 is assigned to an address represented by “cancel trigger” in the memory address space of the CPU 19a. The CPU 19a uses the “cancel trigger” to A cancel trigger signal can be output to the reservation cancel circuit 17b7. Even when a plurality of tone generation channels are reserved, the reservation of the plurality of tone generation channels is not canceled simultaneously, but the reservation of the tone generation channels is canceled one by one.

  The reservation cancel circuit 17b7 that has input the cancel trigger signal sets the value of the key-on map register KMn corresponding to the tone generation channel CHn (n = 0, 1,... 127) designated by the channel designation register CSn to “no group assignment”. set. As a result, the reservation of the sound channel is canceled. However, after the CPU 19a outputs a cancel trigger signal to the reservation cancel circuit 17b7, the reservation is executed until the reservation cancel circuit 17b7 tries to set the key-on map register KMn to “no group assignment”. Generation of an element signal may be started in the sound generation channel CHn. That is, when the reservation cancel circuit 17b7 tries to set the key-on map register KMn to “no group assignment”, the key-on map register KMn may already be set to “no group assignment” by the sound generation start instruction circuit 17b6. . Therefore, reservation cancel flag registers CF0, CF1,..., CF127 storing reservation cancel flags indicating whether or not the reservation of the sound channel has been canceled are provided. When the reservation of the sound channel CHn is canceled, the reservation cancel circuit 17b7 sets the reservation cancel flag register CFn to “cancel”. On the other hand, when the reservation is executed and sounded, the reservation cancel circuit 17b7 sets the reservation cancel flag register CFn to “sound generation”. After outputting the cancel trigger signal, the CPU 19a reads the flag in the reservation cancel flag register CFn to determine whether or not the sound channel reservation has been canceled.

  The reservation cancel flag registers CF0, CF1,..., CF127 are assigned to addresses indicated by “cancel bit 0” to “cancel bit 127” in the memory address space of the CPU 19a. Using the “cancel bit 127”, the values of the flags in the reservation cancel flag registers CF0, CF1,... CF127 can be read.

  Further, the tone generation reservation circuit 17b has reservation enable / disable flag registers AF0, AF1... AF127 for storing reservation enable / disable flags indicating whether or not each sound channel can be reserved. The reservation availability flag registers AF0, AF1,... AF127 are 128-bit bitmaps corresponding to the sound generation channels CH0, CH1,. In the reservation availability flag registers AF0, AF1,... AF127, each bit is set to “reservation possible” or “reservation impossible” by the reservation availability flag setting circuit 17b8. In the reservation enable / disable flag set circuit 17b8, one of the group numbers “1” to “30” is written in the key-on map register KMn corresponding to the tone generation channel CHn (n = 0, 1,... 127). In this case, the reservation availability flag register AFn corresponding to the sound generation channel CHn is set to “reservation impossible”. On the other hand, the reservation enable / disable flag setting circuit 17b8 holds the reservation enable / disable flag after holding the key-on map register KMn for “no reservation” for a predetermined period (for example, five sampling periods) after the key on map register KMn is set to “no group assignment” The register AFn is set to “reservable”. This is because, during the predetermined period, the tone generator circuit 17 is in the process of starting sound generation and is not in a state in which a reservation for a new sound generation channel is accepted.

  The reservation enable / disable flag registers AF0, AF1,... AF127 are assigned to addresses represented by “channel bit 0” to “channel bit 127” in the memory address space of the CPU 19a, and the CPU 19a receives “channel bit 0”. By reading with designation of “channel bit 127”, the values in the reservation enable / disable flag registers AF0, AF1,... AF127 can be read. As described above, the channel designation registers CS0, CS1... CS127 and the reservation availability flag registers AF0, AF1... AF127 are assigned to the same address, but at the time of the write operation by the CPU 19a, the channel designation register CS0. , CS1... CS127 are designated, and the reservation availability flag registers AF0, AF1.

b5. Musical parameter input / output circuit 17c
Next, the tone parameter input / output circuit 17c will be described. The musical tone parameter input / output circuit 17c inputs musical tone parameters supplied from the CPU 19a via the bus 16 and outputs the musical tone parameters to the respective circuits of the tone generation channels CH0, CH1,. Further, the musical tone parameter input / output circuit 17c inputs parameters representing the state of each circuit (pitch change circuit PEG, cut-off frequency change circuit FEG, volume change circuit AEG, etc.) of the sound source circuit 17 and outputs them to the CPU 19a. As shown in FIG. 6, the tone parameter input / output circuit 17c includes an EG stage detection circuit 17c1, an initial parameter output circuit 17c2, a normal parameter transfer circuit 17c3, a normal parameter output circuit 17c4, a first memory 17c5, and a second memory 17c6. ing.

  The EG stage detection circuit 17c1 detects whether or not the level of the control signal generated by the pitch change circuit PEG, the cut-off frequency change circuit FEG, and the volume change circuit AEG has reached the target level of the current stage. In the EG stage detection circuit 17c1, a detection target specification register DD and a detection result (not shown) for sequentially specifying one of the pitch change circuit PEG, the cut-off frequency change circuit FEG, and the volume change circuit AEG one by one. Is stored in the stage end flag register SF. When the CPU 19a writes data specifying the detection target circuit to the detection target specifying register DD, the EG stage detection circuit 17c1 determines the current control signal level of the specified circuit and the target level of the current stage. The stage end flag register SF is set to “stage end” or “stage processing” in accordance with the comparison result. That is, if the current control signal level has reached the target level, the stage is set to “end of stage”, and if the current control signal level has not reached the target level, it is set to “stage processing”. .

  The detection target designation register DD is assigned to an address represented by “detection target circuit” in the memory address space of the CPU 19a, and the CPU 19a uses the “detection target circuit” to designate an envelope circuit to be detected. be able to. The stage end flag register SF is assigned to an address represented by “stage state” in the memory address space of the CPU 19a, and the CPU 19a reads the value of the stage end flag register SF using the “stage state”. Can do.

  The first memory 17c5 is a memory for storing parameters to be supplied to each sound generation channel from the time of reservation of the sound generation channel until the time of sound generation start. The first memory 17c5 is an initial parameter area for storing initial parameters used for initial setting of the sound generation channel at the start of sound generation, and is usually used for changing element signals generated in each sound generation channel after the sound generation is started. It is divided into a normal parameter area for storing parameters. For example, the initial level of the cutoff envelope generated by the cutoff frequency changing circuit FEG is the initial parameter. Further, the initial parameter area of the first memory 17c5 is divided into areas for each sound generation channel and for each initial parameter of the pitch envelope parameter, the cutoff envelope parameter, and the volume envelope parameter. That is, each initial parameter storage area is assigned to a predetermined address in the memory address space of the CPU 19a. For example, the storage area of the initial level supplied to the cutoff frequency changing circuit FEG of each tone generation channel is allocated to addresses represented by “initial level CH0” to “initial level CH127” in the memory address space of the CPU 19a. Thus, the CPU 19a can store the initial level of the cutoff frequency to be supplied to the sounding channel to be reserved in the first memory 17c5 using the “initial level CH0” to “initial level CH127”.

  Further, for example, among the cutoff envelopes generated by the cutoff frequency changing circuit FEG, the attack level, attack time, first decay level, first decay time, etc. supplied to each tone generation channel at the start or after the start of tone generation Is a normal parameter. Of the normal parameters, what is written in the first memory 17c5 is the attack level and attack time, which are values of the first stage. Similarly to the initial parameter area, the normal parameter area of the first memory 17c5 is also divided for each sound generation channel and for each normal parameter of the pitch envelope parameter, the cut-off envelope parameter, and the volume envelope parameter. That is, each normal parameter storage area is assigned to a predetermined address in the memory address space of the CPU 19a. For example, the storage area of the attack level and attack time, which is the target level and duration of the first stage of the cutoff frequency envelope supplied to the cutoff frequency changing circuit FEG, is “attack level attack” in the memory address space of the CPU 19a. The CPU 19a is assigned to addresses represented by “time CH0” to “attack level / attack time CH127”, and the CPU 19a makes a reservation using “attack level / attack time CH0” to “attack level / attack time CH127”. The attack level and attack time of the cutoff frequency envelope to be supplied to the channel can be stored in the first memory 17c5.

  The initial parameter output circuit 17c2 reads each initial parameter stored in the first memory 17c5 in response to the sound generation start instruction from the sound generation start instruction circuit 17b6, and the pitch change circuit PEG and cut-off frequency change circuit for the sound generation channel. Output to FEG, volume change circuit AEG, etc.

  The normal parameter transfer circuit 17c3 transfers the normal parameter written in the normal parameter area of the first memory 17c5 to the second memory 17c6 in response to the sound generation start instruction from the sound generation start instruction circuit 17b6. The second memory 17c6 is a memory for storing parameters relating to element signals being generated in the sound generation channel. The second memory 17c6 includes only a normal parameter area that stores normal parameters. The normal parameter area of the second memory 17c6 has the same configuration as the normal parameter area of the first memory 17c5. That is, the normal parameter area of the second memory 17c6 is also divided for each normal parameter in the same manner as the normal parameter area of the first memory 17c5, and each normal parameter storage area is a predetermined area in the memory address space of the CPU 19a. Each address is assigned.

  For example, the storage area of the target level and duration of each stage of the cutoff frequency envelope supplied to the cutoff frequency changing circuit FEG of each tone generation channel is “target level / duration CH0” to “in the memory address space of the CPU 19a. It is assigned to each address represented by “target level / duration CH127”. When sounding is started on the reserved sounding channel CHn (n = 0, 1,... 127), the parameter transfer circuit uses the “attack level / attack time CHn” to set the attack level and attack time to the first. Using the “target level / duration CHn”, the read attack level and attack time are written in the normal parameter area of the second memory 17c6. Thereby, the attack level and the attack time are transferred from the first memory 17c5 to the second memory 17c6. The normal parameters written in the first memory 17c5 for envelope generation by the pitch changing circuit PEG and the volume changing circuit AEG are also transferred to the second memory 17c6 in the same manner as the parameters of the cutoff frequency changing circuit FEG.

  Further, the CPU 19a can directly write the normal parameters into the second memory 17c6. For example, as will be described in detail later, the CPU 19a executes a parameter update periodic processing program, and writes the target level and duration of the second and subsequent stages of the cutoff frequency envelope into the second memory 17c6. In this case, the CPU 19a uses the address corresponding to the target sounding channel among the addresses represented by “target level / duration CH0” to “target level / duration CH127” in an appropriate area of the second memory 17c6. The target level and duration of the envelope can be written. The CPU 19a also writes the target level and the duration after the second stage for generating each envelope by the pitch changing circuit PEG and the volume changing circuit AEG in the second memory 17c6 as well as the parameters of the cutoff frequency changing circuit FEG. Can do.

  The normal parameter output circuit 17c4 outputs the normal parameter written in the second memory 17c6 to each part of the sound generation channel corresponding to each normal parameter in response to the sound generation start instruction from the sound generation start instruction circuit 17b6. The normal parameters written in the second memory 17c6 are output in a time division manner in which one sampling period is divided into 128. That is, each period obtained by dividing one sampling period into 128 corresponds to the sound generation channels CH0 to CH127, and the normal parameters are sequentially output to the sound generation channels.

  In addition, you may comprise the 1st memory 17c5 and the 2nd memory 17c6 with one memory. That is, a memory area having a large storage capacity may be divided to secure an area corresponding to the first memory 17c5 and an area corresponding to the second memory 17c6. Conversely, the storage areas corresponding to the initial parameter area and the normal parameter area of the first memory 17c5 may be configured in different memories.

c. Next, the configuration of the computer unit 19 will be described in detail. In particular, the programs and various data stored in the ROM 19c and the RAM 19d will be described in detail. The ROM 19c stores a voice data list. As shown in FIG. 7, the voice data list includes voice data defined for each tone color. The voice data is composed of element data provided for each element waveform constituting a musical tone waveform of each tone color and common data commonly used for generating each element signal.

  The configuration of each element data is common. Each element data includes a filter control parameter for controlling the filter circuit FLT, a low frequency signal control parameter for controlling the low frequency signal generation circuit LFO, an envelope parameter for generating various envelopes, and waveform data selection relating to selection of waveform data. It consists of information. The waveform data selection information is a table that records the correspondence between the note number and velocity and the waveform data information that represents information related to the selected waveform data. The waveform data information includes the top address, end address, and original pitch of the waveform data.

  The common data includes timbre name information representing a timbre name and an effect parameter for giving a common effect to all element signals output from each sound generation channel in the channel accumulation circuit 17a.

  The ROM 19c stores a tone generation reservation program (FIG. 11), a tone generation channel securing program (FIG. 12), a parameter update cycle processing program (FIG. 16), and a volume level acquisition cycle processing program (FIG. 18). . The sound generation reservation program is executed when a note-on event occurs, and is a program for reserving a sound channel used for sound generation corresponding to the note-on event and writing parameters relating to the musical sound to be generated. The pronunciation channel securing program is a subroutine of the pronunciation reservation program, and is a program for securing a pronunciation channel necessary for pronunciation. In the execution of the pronunciation reservation program, the CPU 19a receives the initial parameter and the normal parameter related to the musical tone corresponding to the generated note-on event regardless of whether or not the reserved tone generation channel is used for other tone generation processing. To the first memory 17c5. This completes the reservation of the sound channel. That is, the CPU 19a ends the pronunciation reservation program without waiting for the sound generation process to be started in the sound generation channel reserved by the execution of the sound generation reservation program. When the reserved tone generation channel becomes usable for generating a tone corresponding to the generated note-on event, the tone generator circuit 17 uses the parameters written in the first memory 17c5 by executing the tone reservation program. To start the pronunciation process.

  The parameter update periodic processing program and the volume level acquisition periodic processing program are executed with an interrupt signal supplied from the timer 19b as a trigger. The parameter update cycle processing program is a program for updating the normal parameters of the musical tone parameters supplied to the tone generator circuit 17 in a predetermined cycle in order to change the element signal generated in each tone generation channel during the tone generation in real time. Thus, for example, a program for writing parameters for generating each envelope in the second memory 17c6. The volume level acquisition periodic processing program is a program for periodically reading out the register value of each tone generation channel of the tone generator circuit 17 and updating each tone generation channel information described later.

  The RAM 19d stores data temporarily generated by executing each program. The temporarily generated data includes a part information list PL composed of part information provided for each performance part such as a melody part and accompaniment part. In the present embodiment, 16 performance parts are provided, and the part information list PL includes 16 pieces of part information. As shown in FIG. 8, each part information includes reference information to the voice data and reference information to the note information list NL.

  The reference information to the voice data is reference information to the voice data of the timbre assigned to each part. The note information list NL is provided for each performance part. The note information list NL for each performance part is composed of note information that stores information related to pronunciation during or for each note-on event belonging to one performance part. As shown in FIG. 9, each note information includes a note number representing a pitch, a velocity representing a key press touch strength, and reference information (such as a channel number) to sound channel information representing information on a sound channel to be used. Is included. Each note information includes reference information for the same number of sound generation channels as the number of element waveforms constituting one musical sound waveform. In the example shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 9, the tone color assigned to Part 1 has a musical tone waveform composed of two element waveforms. Therefore, each piece of note information of part 1 has two pieces of reference information for each sound channel. Note information is added to the note information list NL one by one every time a note-on event occurs. Further, when the sound generation ends due to the occurrence of a note-off event, the note information is deleted from the note information list NL. However, the oldest note information is not necessarily deleted in order. Thus, each piece of note information has a front link indicating the address of the previous note information and a back link indicating the address of the next note information. A value (for example, “0”) indicating that there is no linked note information is recorded in the forward link of the oldest note information and the backward link of the newest note information. Each time the note information is added or deleted, the forward link and the backward link are updated so that the note information can be traced in the order in which the note-on event occurs.

  The sound channel information list CL includes sound channel information 1 to sound channel information 127 provided for each sound channel, and each sound channel information is an empty channel flag indicating whether or not sound is being generated, as shown in FIG. And reference information to note information storing envelope information relating to various envelopes, volume level of the element signal, and reference information to the sound channel information. The various types of envelope information are the current stage of each envelope circuit, the target level of the current stage, and the duration. The tone generation channel (for example, tone generation channel CH4 in FIG. 8) corresponding to the tone generation channel information that is not referred to by any note information is an empty channel.

  Next, the operation of the musical tone signal generator configured as described above will be described. When a performer presses any key on the keyboard 11 to generate a note-on event, the CPU 19a starts a pronunciation reservation program in step S10 as shown in FIG. Next, in step S12, the CPU 19a obtains a note number NN representing the depressed key and a velocity VEL representing the strength of the depressed key from the performance information supplied from the operator interface circuit 14. The number PN is specified. In other words, any part is assigned to the keyboard in advance, and the musical tone of that part is generated by pressing the key. Different parts can be assigned to each key range. Therefore, the CPU 19a specifies that a note event has been generated by operating the keyboard 11, and a part number PN representing a part to which the key pressed from the acquired note number NN belongs. Next, in step S14, the CPU 19a specifies corresponding voice data based on the specified part number PN, and acquires the number of element data constituting the specified voice data. In step S16, the CPU 19a executes the sound generation channel securing program shown in FIG. 12 to secure the same number of sound generation channels as the number of element data acquired in step S14.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the CPU 19a starts executing the sound generation channel securing program in step S16a, and searches for an empty channel with reference to the empty channel flag in the sound generation channel information list in step S16b. If there is an empty channel as a result of the search in step S16b, the process proceeds to step S16k described later. On the other hand, when there is no empty channel, the CPU 19a determines one sounding channel CHn (n = 0, 1... 127) to be truncated among the sounding channels CH0, CH1,. Which sound generation channel is to be determined as a truncation channel follows a predetermined rule. For example, with reference to the sound channel information list CL, the sound channel having the smallest volume level of the element signal is determined as the channel to be truncated. Also, the oldest note information is identified by following the forward links of the note information one after another, and the sound channel with the lowest volume level of the element signal recorded in the sound channel information referred to by the oldest note information is truncated. It may be determined as a channel.

  Next, in step S16d, the CPU 19a refers to the sound production channel information n by using the reference information to the note information in the sound production channel information n corresponding to the sound production channel CHn to be truncated determined by the process of step S16c. Current note information (reference source note information) is specified, and reference information to the sound generation channel information n is deleted from the reference source note information. In step S16e, the CPU 19a determines whether or not all the reference information to the sound channel information in the reference source note information has been deleted. As a result of the determination in step S16e, if all the reference information to the sound channel information in the reference source note information has been deleted, the CPU 19a deletes the reference source note information from the note information list NL in step S16f. . On the other hand, as a result of the processing in step S16e, if reference information for other sound generation channel information remains in the reference source note information, step S16g is deleted without deleting the reference source note information from the note information list NL. Proceed to

  In step S16g, the CPU 19a refers to the reservation availability flag AFn and determines whether or not there is another reservation for the truncation sound channel CHn determined by the processing in step S16c. The fact that the reservation availability flag is “reservation available” means that no other reservation has been made for the sound generation channel CHn. In this case, the process proceeds to step S16j described later. On the other hand, the fact that the reservation availability flag AFn is “reservation impossible” means that another reservation has already been made for the tone generation channel CHn. That is, the element signal that was being sounded at the time of the other reservation is being attenuated by the truncation process, and the sound of the musical sound related to the other reservation has not yet started. In this case, the CPU 19a cancels the other reservation in step S16h. Specifically, after setting the channel designation register CSn corresponding to the sound generation channel CHn to “cancel”, a cancel trigger signal is supplied to the reservation cancel circuit 17b7.

  When the other reservation is canceled, the reservation cancel circuit 17b7 sets the key-on map register KMn corresponding to the sound generation channel CHn to “no group assignment” and sets the reservation cancel flag CFn to “cancel”. Then, in step S16i, the CPU 19a refers to the reservation cancel flag CFn and determines whether or not the other reservation is canceled. When the reservation cancel flag CFn indicates “sound generation”, the CPU 19a issues a truncation instruction for the element signal related to the other reservation that has started sounding in time for the cancel processing in step S16h in time for the cancel processing in step S16j. . On the other hand, if it is determined in step S16g that “no other reservation is made” (that is, if the reservation availability flag AFn is “reservation impossible”), since the target sound channel CHn is sounding, the CPU 19a In step S16j, the sound generation channel CHn is truncated. Specifically, the target value below the dump level and the short duration are written in the second memory 17c6 as parameters of the volume change circuit AEG.

  In step S16k, the CPU 19a secures the tone generation channel CHn for which the truncation instruction was given in step S16j as a tone generation channel used for new tone generation. If there is an empty channel as a result of the search for an empty channel in step S16b described above, the CPU 19a secures the empty channel as a sound generation channel to be used for new sound generation in step S16k. Also, in the determination of the execution result of the reservation cancellation in the above-described step S16i, also when it is determined that the reservation is canceled, the CPU 19a uses the sound generation channel for which the reservation is canceled in step S16k for a new sound generation. Secure as a pronunciation channel.

  Next, in step S161, the CPU 19a determines whether the number of sound generation channels necessary for sound generation has been secured. When the same number of tone generation channels as the number of element data acquired by the process of step S14 in FIG. 11 are secured, the tone generation channel securing program is terminated in step S16m and the procedure returns to the tone reservation program. On the other hand, if the number of sounding channels secured is less than the number of element data acquired by the processing in step S14, the processing consisting of steps S16b to S16k is repeatedly executed to secure sounding channels for the number of element data.

  When the sound channel for the number of element data is secured by executing the sound channel securing program, the CPU 19a adds one new note information to the note information list NL in step S18 (see FIGS. 8 and 9). Then, the note number and velocity acquired in step S12 are written in the added note information. In addition, reference information to the sound channel information corresponding to the secured sound channel is written. Further, a forward link that is reference information to the note information corresponding to the note-on event that occurred one before is written. Next, in step S20, the CPU 19a initializes sound channel information corresponding to the secured sound channel (see FIGS. 8 and 10). Specifically, the empty channel flag is set to “in use”, and reference information to the added new note information is set as reference information to the note information. As various envelope values, the initial level and the target value of the first stage are set.

  Next, in step S20, the CPU 19a writes various parameters for each of the reserved sound generation channels in the first memory 17c5. That is, the effect parameter, envelope parameter, start and end addresses of waveform data, original pitch, and the like are acquired from the voice data identified in step S14, and these are written in the corresponding areas of the first memory 17c5. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, in writing the filter envelope parameter to be supplied to the cut-off frequency changing circuit FEG, the CPU 19a starts the parameter writing process for the cut-off frequency changing circuit FEG in step S40. In step S42, the initial level, attack level, and attack time are acquired from the filter envelope parameters recorded in the voice data. Next, in step S44, the CPU 19a writes the initial level to the initial parameter area of the first memory 17c5. Next, in step S46, the CPU 19a writes the attack level and attack time in the normal parameter area of the first memory 17c5. In step S48, the CPU 19a ends the parameter writing process for the cutoff frequency changing circuit FEG.

  Returning to the description of FIG. In step S24, the CPU 19a sets, in the channel designation registers CS0, CS1,... CS127, a register corresponding to the sound channel secured in step S16 (that is, the sound channel to be reserved) to “reserved”. Next, in step S26, the CPU 19a waits until the group full register GF becomes “available group”. As described above, 30 groups can be used in the present embodiment, and therefore, the group full register GF is hardly in a “no empty group” state at the start of step S26. Even if the group full register GF is in a state of “no empty group” at the start of step S26, the tone generator circuit 17 performs the truncation process on the sound generation channel, and the generation of the reserved musical tone is started. Thus, the group full register GF becomes “with free group” in a short time (for example, several milliseconds). Therefore, the problem that the waiting time in step S26 becomes long and the CPU 19a cannot execute other processes in a timely manner does not occur.

  If the CPU 19a determines that “there is an empty group” in the process of step S26, the CPU 19a outputs a reservation trigger signal to the reservation receiving circuit 17b1 in step S28, and then ends the pronunciation reservation program in step S30. . This completes the reservation of the sound channel for one note-on event.

  Here, a new note-on event occurs during sound generation of the sound generation channel CHn (n = 0, 1,... 127), and the CPU 19a uses the sound generation channel CHn to generate a musical sound corresponding to the note-on event. The operation of the tone generator circuit 17 when making a reservation will be described with reference to FIG. In this example, the tone generation channel CHn to be reserved is generating a tone after the note-off event occurs.

  The reservation receiving circuit 17b1 that has input the reservation trigger signal acquires the empty group number m from the group availability flag GU0, GU1,... GU30, and sets the group availability flag GUm to “in use”. Then, the acquired empty group number m is written into the key-on map register KMn corresponding to the tone generation channel CHn. Thereafter, the reservation receiving circuit 17b1 sets the channel designation register CS to “no designation”. When the group number m is written in the key-on map register KMn, the reservation enable / disable flag setting circuit 17b8 sets the reservation enable / disable flag AFn corresponding to the tone generation channel CHn to “reservation disabled”. In addition, at the start of the sampling period next to the sampling period in which the group number m is written in the key-on map register KMn, the key-on map latch circuit 17b5 copies the contents of the key-on map KM to the key-on map latch KML. That is, the group number m is written in the key-on map latch register KMLn.

  At the time of reservation of the sound generation channel CHn in FIG. 14, the stage of the sound volume change circuit AEG of the sound generation channel CHn is in the fifth stage (under release), and the sound source circuit 17 is an element generated in the sound generation channel CHn. The volume level of the signal is gradually reduced at every sampling period. Then, when the CPU 19a executes step S16j of the sound channel securing program to instruct truncation of the element signal being generated, the volume change circuit AEG generates an envelope that increases the decrease rate of the volume level of the element signal. Therefore, the volume level is rapidly reduced. In each sampling cycle, the sound level is generated by the dump level arrival detection circuit 17b4 from the level detection circuit 17b3 to the dump level arrival detection register 17b4 via the volume level registers AL0 to AL127. Based on the volume level of the element signal and the key-on map latch, it is determined whether or not the volume levels of all the sound channels belonging to the group m have reached the dump level. The determination result as to whether or not the dump level has been reached is written in the dump level arrival detection registers DL1 to DL30.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 15, the initial parameter and the normal parameter are written in the first memory 17c5 by the processing of the sound generation reservation program in step S22 by the CPU 19a, and these initial parameter and normal parameter are stored in the dump level arrival detection register DLm. Is held in the first memory 17c5 until the value of reaches the “dump level reached”. When the value of the dump level arrival register DLm reaches “dump level reached”, the normal parameter transfer circuit 17c3 transfers the parameter written in the normal parameter area of the first memory 17c5 to the second memory in the next sampling cycle. The initial parameter output circuit 17c2 outputs the initial parameter to each part of the tone generator circuit 17 (pitch change circuit PEG, cut-off frequency change circuit FEG, volume change circuit AEG, etc.). The initial parameters held in the first memory 17c5 are output to each part of the tone generator circuit 17, and the normal parameters held in the first memory 17c5 are copied to the second memory 17c6, and then the same tone generation channel CHn is reserved. Therefore, until the initial parameter and the normal parameter for the next reservation are written in the first memory 17c5, the original initial parameter and the normal parameter remain in the corresponding storage areas of the first memory 17c5, respectively. The storage area is not referenced and is unused.

  Then, the sound generation start instruction circuit 17b6 instructs the sound generation start to all sound generation channels belonging to the group number “m”, and the key-on map registers and key-on map latch registers corresponding to these sound generation channels are set to “no group assignment”. Set to. Further, the sound generation start instruction circuit 17b6 sets the group usage status register GUm to “usable”. Even if the key-on map register KMn is set to “no group assignment”, the reservation enable / disable flag setting circuit 17b8 holds the reservation enable / disable flag at “reservation disabled” for a predetermined time (for example, five sampling cycles), and thereafter Set to “Reservable”.

  The normal parameter written in the second memory 17c6 by the normal parameter transfer circuit 17c3 is output to each circuit of each tone generation channel by the normal parameter output circuit 17c4 for each sampling period.

  Further, the normal parameters written in the second memory 17c6 are updated at predetermined time intervals (for example, 10 milliseconds) by the execution of the parameter update periodic processing program of the CPU 19a. The CPU 19a is supplied with an interrupt signal from the timer 19c at a constant time interval (for example, 1 millisecond), and based on the interrupt signal, a parameter update cycle processing program and Repeat the volume level check periodic processing program.

  First, a parameter update cycle processing program will be described. The parameter update periodic processing program is a program for writing parameters for generating an envelope for changing the pitch, tone color, and volume of a musical tone being sounded. When the CPU 19a starts the parameter update cycle process in step S50 shown in FIG. 16, the CPU 19a selects one tone generation channel CHn (n = 0, 1,... 127) in step S52, and assigns it to the tone generation channel CHn. With reference to the corresponding reservation availability flag AFn, it is determined whether or not the tone signal of the tone generation channel CHn is being truncated. That is, when the reservation availability flag AFn is “reservation impossible”, the musical tone signal being generated in the sound generation channel CHn is being truncated. In this case, the process proceeds to step S56 described later. On the other hand, if the reservation availability flag AFn is “reservation possible”, the musical tone signal being generated in the sound generation channel CHn is not subjected to truncation processing. In this case, the CPU 19a updates the normal parameter of the second memory 17c6 in step S54.

  As an example of parameter writing in step S54, updating of parameters for causing the cutoff frequency changing circuit FEG to generate a cutoff envelope will be described with reference to FIG. When the CPU 19a starts parameter update processing for the cut-off frequency changing circuit FEG in step S60, the tone generation channel to be detected in the detection target register DD of the EG stage detection circuit 17c1 (see FIG. 6) in step S62. And a value indicating the type of the envelope circuit (in this example, a value indicating the cut-off frequency changing circuit FEG) are written. Next, in step S64, the value of the stage end flag is read. If the value of the stage end flag is “stage end”, in step S66, the CPU 19a determines whether or not the current stage of the cutoff frequency envelope is the final stage. As a result of the determination in step S66, if the current stage is not the final stage, the target level of the cutoff frequency of the next stage and the duration of the next stage are written in the second memory 17c6 in step S68. Also, the envelope value of the corresponding tone generation channel information is updated. That is, the next stage number and the target value of the next stage are written. On the other hand, if the value of the stage end flag read in step S64 is “stage processing in progress”, the CPU 19a proceeds to step S70 and ends the parameter changing process for the cutoff frequency changing circuit FEG. If it is determined in step S66 that the current stage of the envelope is the final stage, the process proceeds to step S70, and the parameter changing process for the cutoff frequency changing circuit FEG is ended.

  As another example of the parameter writing in step S54, performance information generated by the player's operation of the panel operator 12, the pedal operator 13, etc., and the MIDI-compatible external device via the external interface circuit 22 are transmitted. Depending on the performance information, the pitch, tone, volume, etc. may be changed. In these cases, the CPU 19a writes and updates the normal parameters of the corresponding tone generation channel in the second memory 17c6 in accordance with the performance information. The updated normal parameter is output to each circuit of each tone generation channel by the normal parameter output circuit 17c4 together with other normal parameters that have not been updated.

  Returning to the description of the parameter update cycle process in FIG. When the CPU 19a updates the normal parameters in the second memory 17c6 as described above, it determines in step S56 whether or not the processing of all sound generation channels has been completed. If there are remaining sound generation channels, steps S52 to S54 are repeated to update the parameters for all sound generation channels. When the parameter update for all sound generation channels is completed, the CPU 19a ends the parameter update cycle processing program in step S58.

  Next, the volume level acquisition periodic processing program will be described. As shown in FIG. 18, when the CPU 19a starts the volume level acquisition periodic processing program in step S80, the CPU 19a selects one sound generation channel CHn (n = 0, 1,... 127) in step S82. Then, the volume level of the element signal generated in the sound generation channel CHn is input from the level detection circuit 17b3 via the volume level registers AL0 to AL127. Next, in step S84, it is determined whether or not the volume level of the input element signal is equal to or lower than the dump level. As a result of the determination in step S84, if the volume of the element signal is not less than the dump level, the process proceeds to step S92 described later.

  On the other hand, when the level is lower than the dump level, the empty channel flag of the sound generation channel information n corresponding to the sound generation channel CHn is set to “free”. In step S86, the CPU 19a uses the reference information to the note information recorded in the sound channel information n to specify the reference source note information that stores the reference information to the sound channel information n. . Then, the reference information to the sound generation channel information n of the reference source note information is deleted. Next, in step S88, the CPU 19a determines whether or not the reference information to all the sound channel information in the reference source note information has been deleted. If reference information for the sound channel information remains in the reference source note information, the process proceeds to step S92.

  On the other hand, if the reference information for all the sound channel information has been deleted, the CPU 19a deletes the note information in step S90. Then, the forward link and the backward link in the note information immediately before and after the deleted note information are updated. Next, in step S92, the CPU 19a determines whether or not the processing of all sound generation channels has been completed. If there are remaining sound generation channels, steps S82 to S90 are repeated to acquire the volume levels of all sound generation channels. When the acquisition of the sound volume levels of all the sound generation channels is completed, the CPU 19a ends the sound volume level acquisition periodic processing program in step S94.

  In the above example, the operation of the tone generator circuit 17 is shown in the case where a reservation is made for a sounding channel that is sounding (released). However, even if the sounding channel CHn to be reserved is an empty channel, the operation is It is the same. That is, in this case, in the sampling period next to the reserved sampling period, the dump level arrival detection circuit 17b4 only detects that the volume level of the tone signal of the tone generation channel CHn has reached the dump level. Other operations are the same as those of the tone generator circuit 17 in the case where a reservation is made for the sound generation channel that is generating the sound. In the above example, the note-on event and the note-off event are generated by the key operation of the keyboard 11, but are also generated by the automatic performance program and performance information transmitted from the external device. In this case, the CPU 19a The operation of the tone generator circuit 17 is the same as that in the above example except that the part number PN corresponding to the performance information is assigned in step S12.

  In the musical tone signal generator configured as described above, the CPU 19a ends the sound generation processing program without waiting for the sound generation processing to start on the reserved sound generation channel. That is, the CPU 19a only needs to reserve the sound generation channel, and does not need to control the sound generation start timing. That is, the sound generation start timing is controlled by the sound source circuit 17. Therefore, the CPU 19a can execute another program immediately after the pronunciation reservation program ends. For example, the CPU 19a can execute the pronunciation reservation program again in order to make a reservation for a sound channel corresponding to another note-on event immediately after the sound reservation program ends. Also, immediately after the pronunciation reservation program ends, the parameter update cycle processing program and the volume level acquisition cycle processing program can be executed. Therefore, the processing speed can be improved as compared with the conventional musical tone signal generator.

  In the musical tone signal generating apparatus configured as described above, when the CPU 19a reserves the sound generation channels CH0 to CH127 in response to the key-on event, the reservation receiving circuit 17b1 updates the key-on map registers KM0 to KM127. Further, before the level detection circuit 17b3 starts detecting the volume level of the series of sound generation channels CH0 to CH127, the contents of the key-on map are copied to the key-on map latch. The dump level arrival detection circuit 17b4 uses the detection result of the level detection circuit 17b3 and the key-on map latch to confirm that the volume level of the tone signal generated in all the sound channels belonging to the same group is below the dump level. Can be detected. As described above, since the key-on map latch in which the group configuration does not change during the detection of the dump level is used, it is possible to prevent the performance from becoming unnatural.

  In the above musical tone signal generating apparatus, a common group number is associated with the tone generation channels designated by the channel designation registers CS0, CS1,... CS127, and stored in the key-on map KM0, KM1,. I made it. Therefore, when starting generation of element signals simultaneously in a plurality of sound generation channels, the dump level arrival detection circuit 17b4 determines whether the sound volume levels of all sound generation channels managed by the same group number are equal to or lower than the dump level. Good. Therefore, even if many note-on events occur in a short period of time, the CPU 19a can make a reservation for the sound channel as long as there is an empty group number, and performs other processing after the reservation. As a result, the processing speed of the musical tone signal generator can be improved.

  In the above musical tone signal generating apparatus, when another reservation has already been made for the tone generation channel to be reserved, the other reservation can be canceled. Therefore, even if there is no empty channel and reservations have been made for all sound generation channels, other reservations can be canceled and a new reservation can be made. That is, even if the tone generation channel to be reserved has been reserved, the CPU 19a does not wait for the reservation of the tone generation channel to become empty, and the musical tone signal corresponding to the note-on event that has occurred later. You can reserve a sound channel for the occurrence of Since the CPU 19a does not need to control the start timing of the musical tone signal generation in the reserved tone generation channel, the CPU 19a can start executing other processes immediately after the reservation. Accordingly, the processing speed of the musical tone signal generator can be improved.

  In the above-described musical tone signal generator, reservation cancel flags CF0 to CF127 are provided to determine whether or not the other reservation is canceled. When the other reservation is not canceled despite the cancellation instruction (that is, when the other reservation is executed and the sounding is started), the truncation instruction is issued for the sounding channel immediately after the sounding process is started. You can make a new reservation for this sound channel.

  In the musical tone signal generator, the musical tone parameter input / output circuit 17c is provided with the first memory 17c5 and the second memory 17c6 for storing various parameters. According to this, if the CPU 19a has written the musical tone parameters in the first memory 17c5 at the time of reservation of the sound generation channel, the written musical sound parameters are held in the first memory 17c5 until the sound generation starts. Of the musical tone parameters written in the first memory 17c5, initial parameters are directly supplied to each sound generation channel by the initial parameter output circuit 17c2 at the start of sound generation. On the other hand, the normal parameter is transferred to the second memory 17c6 and then supplied to each sound generation channel by the normal parameter output circuit 17c4 at a predetermined timing during sound generation (for example, every 10 milliseconds). That is, since the CPU 19a does not need to be involved in the parameter supply to the sound generation channel after the sound generation channel is reserved until the sound generation is started, other processing can be executed during that time. Accordingly, the processing speed of the musical tone signal generator can be improved.

  In addition, as described above, the initial parameters are not transferred to the second memory 17c6, so that the storage capacity of the second memory 17c6 can be reduced. Further, since the CPU 19a can update the normal parameters (for example, parameters for various envelopes) stored in the second memory 17c6 after the generation of the element signal is started, the timbre, volume, etc. of the element signal can be changed over time. Can do. Further, the storage capacity of the first memory 17c5 and the second memory 17c6 can be reduced as compared with the case where parameters for changing the musical sound signal with the passage of time are supplied together when the sound generation channel is reserved.

  Furthermore, in carrying out the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the object of the present invention.

g. Modified Example In the above embodiment, the tone generator circuit 17 is a waveform memory tone generator that reads waveform data from the waveform memory WM and generates a musical tone signal. However, the present invention is not limited to the musical tone signal generator provided with the waveform memory tone generator, and is a musical tone signal generator provided with any type of tone generator as long as it has a tone generation channel for generating a musical tone signal. Even if it applies, the same effect as the above-mentioned embodiment is acquired.

  In the above embodiment, the level detection circuit 17b3 detects the volume level of the element signal output from the volume control circuit AMP of each tone generation channel, and uses the detected volume level to detect the dump level arrival detection circuit 17b4. The detection of the dump signal level of the sound channel belonging to each group is detected. Further, the sound generation channel to be truncated is determined using the detected volume level (step S16c in FIG. 12). Furthermore, an empty channel is searched using the detected volume level (step S82 in FIG. 18). However, the level detection for detecting the volume level of the element signal output from the volume control circuit AMP of each sound channel corresponding to each process of detecting the arrival of the dump level, determining the sound channel to be truncated and searching for an empty channel. A circuit may be provided, or two level detection circuits may be provided, one of the level detection circuits may be used for any one of the processes, and the other level detection circuit may be used for the remaining processes. It is good. When the level detection means dedicated to the detection of the arrival of the dump level is provided, the level detection means dedicated to detection of the arrival of the dump level is generated in all the sound generation channels of the electronic musical instrument as in the above embodiment. The volume level of a musical sound signal may be detected, or only the volume level of a musical sound signal generated in a reserved tone generation channel may be detected. In the above processing, a volume control signal supplied from the volume change circuit AEG to the volume control circuit AMP may be used instead of the volume level of the element signal output from the volume control circuit AMP of each sound generation channel. That is, the level detection circuit 17b3 may detect the volume control signal supplied from the volume change circuit AEG to the volume control circuit AMP, instead of detecting the volume level of the element signal output from the control circuit AMP. . The detected sound volume control signal may be used to detect the arrival of the dump level, determine the sounding channel to be truncated, and search for an empty channel.

  In addition to the level detection circuit 17b3 that detects the volume level of the element signal output from the volume control circuit AMP, a volume control signal detection circuit that detects the volume control signal supplied to the volume control circuit AMP by the volume change circuit AEG. A sound volume level and a sound volume control signal detected by the level detection circuit 17b3 and the sound volume control signal detection circuit in accordance with the processing of detecting the arrival of the dump level, determining the sound channel to be truncated, and searching for an empty channel, respectively. May be used in combination, or may be used appropriately.

17b ... Sound generation reservation circuit, 17b2 ... Group full flag set circuit, 17b3 ... Level detection circuit, 17b4 ... Dump level arrival detection circuit, 17b6 ... Sound generation start instruction circuit, 17b7 ... Reservation cancellation circuit, 17c ... Musical sound parameter input / output circuit, 17c2 ... initial parameter output circuit, 17c3 ... normal parameter transfer circuit, 17c4 ... normal parameter output circuit, 17c5 ... first memory, 17c6 ... second memory, 19a ... CPU, 25 ... sound channel reservation circuit, CL ... sound channel information list, NL ... Note information list

Claims (7)

A sound source unit having a plurality of sound generation channels for generating musical sound signals;
In response to an instruction to generate a musical tone signal, the musical tone signal generating apparatus includes a control unit that assigns the musical tone signal generation to one or more of the plurality of tone generation channels.
The controller is
One or a plurality of tone information for specifying a tone signal to be generated and one or a plurality of channel designation information for designating one or a plurality of tone generation channels to which the tone signal generation is assigned are supplied to the sound source unit and used for the tone signal generation. Reservation means for reserving as a group of pronunciation channels,
In response to an instruction to generate a first musical tone signal, one or more sound generation channels for generating a first musical tone signal corresponding to the instruction to generate the first musical tone signal by the reservation means are assigned to a first group. In response to an instruction to generate a second tone signal before the generation of the first tone signal in the one or more sound generation channels reserved as the first group is started, The reservation unit is configured to be able to reserve one or a plurality of sound generation channels for generating a second musical sound signal corresponding to the second musical sound signal generation instruction as a second group,
The sound source section is
Reservation information storage means for storing reservation information that is designated by the channel designation information and represents a reservation of a sound channel reserved as the one group;
A tone generation channel in which a reservation is represented by the reservation information stored in the reservation information storage means, and a volume level of a tone signal generated in all the sound generation channels belonging to the one group is a predetermined level. When the sound level is equal to or lower than the sound volume level, the musical sound that is the sound generation channel in which the reservation is represented and that starts generation of the musical sound signal defined by the musical sound information in all the sound generation channels belonging to the one group And a signal generation start means. In the musical tone signal generator according to claim 1,
The musical sound signal generation start means
Volume level detecting means for detecting a volume level of a musical tone signal generated in all sound generation channels whose reservation is represented by at least the reservation information;
Using the detection result of the volume level detection means and the reservation information stored in the reservation information storage means, the sound generation channel in which the reservation is represented by the reservation information, and all of the channels belonging to the one group Dump level arrival detection means for detecting whether or not the volume level of the musical sound signal generated in the sound generation channel is equal to or lower than the predetermined volume level;
The detection result of the dump level arrival detection means is a sound channel whose reservation is represented by the reservation information, and the volume level of the tone signal generated in all sound channels belonging to the one group is the sound level. A tone signal that indicates a reservation by the reservation information when the sound volume level is equal to or lower than the predetermined volume level, and instructs all tone generation channels belonging to the one group to start generation of the tone signal. A musical tone signal generator comprising generation start instruction means. A sound source unit having a plurality of sound generation channels for generating musical sound signals;
In response to an instruction to generate a musical tone signal, the musical tone signal generating apparatus includes a control unit that assigns the musical tone signal generation to one or more of the plurality of tone generation channels.
The controller is
One or a plurality of tone information for specifying a tone signal to be generated and one or a plurality of channel designation information for designating one or a plurality of tone generation channels to which the tone signal generation is assigned are supplied to the sound source unit and used for the tone signal generation. Reservation means for reserving as a group of pronunciation channels,
The sound source section is
Reservation information storage means for storing reservation information that is designated by the channel designation information and represents a reservation of a sound channel reserved as the one group;
At least volume level detecting means for detecting the volume level of a musical tone signal generated in all sound generation channels whose reservation is represented by the reservation information is stored in the reservation information storage means. The reservation is made when the sound level of the musical sound signal generated in all the sound generation channels belonging to the one group is equal to or lower than a predetermined sound volume level. A tone signal generation start means for starting generation of the tone signal defined by the tone information in all the tone generation channels belonging to the one group,
The reservation information storage means includes
A first storage means for storing the reservation information in an updatable manner each time the channel designation information is supplied;
The volume level detection means starts detecting the volume level of the tone signal generated in all the sound generation channels that are reserved by at least the reservation information and that belong to the one group. And the second storage means for storing the reservation information stored in the first storage means, and holding the reservation information until the volume level detection means finishes the detection of the volume level,
The musical sound signal generation start means
Using the detection result of the volume level detection means and the reservation information stored in the second storage means, the sound generation channel in which the reservation is represented by the reservation information, and all of the channels belonging to the one group Dump level arrival detection means for detecting whether or not the volume level of the musical sound signal generated in the sound generation channel is equal to or lower than the predetermined volume level;
The detection result of the dump level arrival detection means is a sound channel whose reservation is represented by the reservation information, and the volume level of the tone signal generated in all sound channels belonging to the one group is the sound level. A tone signal that indicates a reservation by the reservation information when the sound volume level is equal to or lower than the predetermined volume level, and instructs all tone generation channels belonging to the one group to start generation of the tone signal. A musical tone signal generator comprising: generation start instruction means. In the musical sound signal generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The sound source section is
Identification information allocating means for assigning identification information that is common identification information to the sound generation channel designated by the channel designation information and represents the group each time the channel designation information is supplied;
Set when the identification information assigning means assigns the common identification information to the designated sounding channel, and the tone signal generation start means is a sounding channel whose reservation is represented by the reservation information, An identification information storage means for storing, for each common identification information, an identification information flag that is cleared when generation of the musical tone signal is started in all sound generation channels belonging to the one group;
The reservation information storage means stores the assigned common identification information as the reservation information. In the musical sound signal generator according to claim 4,
The type of the common identification information is predetermined,
The identification information allocating means selects identification information that is not allocated to any sound channel using the identification information flag, and allocates the selected identification information to the designated sound channel,
The sound source unit further includes an assignment availability detection unit that detects whether or not the assignment of the identification information to the designated sound generation channel is possible using the identification information flag stored in the identification information storage unit,
The reservation unit has a standby unit that waits until the common identification information can be allocated to the designated tone generation channel using the detection result of the allocation possibility detection unit. Generator. A sound source section having a plurality of sound generation channels for generating a sound signal, and a sound volume level detecting means for detecting a sound volume level of the sound signal generated in all the sound generation channels;
In response to an instruction to generate a musical tone signal, the musical tone signal generating apparatus includes a control unit that assigns the musical tone signal generation to one or more of the plurality of tone generation channels.
The controller is
Using the detection result of the sound volume level detecting means, and determining the level judging unit volume level of the tone signal is generated in each tone generation channel is to or smaller than Jo Tokoro volume level,
Assigned channel determining means for determining one or a plurality of tone generation channels to which the musical tone signal generation is assigned, using the determination result of the level determining means;
One or a plurality of tone information for specifying a tone signal to be generated and one or a plurality of channel designation information for designating one or a plurality of tone generation channels to which the tone signal generation is assigned are supplied to the sound source unit and used for the tone signal generation. Reserving means for reserving sound generation channels as a group,
The sound source section is
Reservation information storage means for storing reservation information that is designated by the channel designation information and represents a reservation of a sound channel reserved as the one group;
A sound channel for which the reservation is represented by the reservation information stored in said reservation information storing means, the sound volume level of the tone signal is generated in all tone generation channels belonging to the one group the predetermined When the volume level is equal to or lower than the volume level, the tone generation channel defined by the tone information is started for all tone generation channels that represent the reservation and that belong to the one group. Music signal generation start means,
The musical sound signal generation start means
Using the detection result of the volume level detection means and the reservation information stored in the reservation information storage means, the sound generation channel in which the reservation is represented by the reservation information, and all of the channels belonging to the one group Dump level arrival detection means for detecting whether or not the volume level of the musical sound signal generated in the sound generation channel is equal to or lower than the predetermined volume level;
The detection result of the dump level arrival detection means is a sound channel whose reservation is represented by the reservation information, and the volume level of the tone signal generated in all sound channels belonging to the one group is the sound level. A tone signal that indicates a reservation by the reservation information when the sound volume level is equal to or lower than the predetermined volume level, and instructs all tone generation channels belonging to the one group to start generation of the tone signal. A musical tone signal generator comprising: generation start instruction means. A sound source unit having a plurality of sound generation channels for generating musical sound signals;
In response to an instruction to generate a musical tone signal, the musical tone signal generating apparatus includes a control unit that assigns the musical tone signal generation to one or more of the plurality of tone generation channels.
The controller is
Generation instruction information storage means for storing generation instruction information representing the content of the instruction for generating the musical sound signal in the order in which the instruction for generating the musical sound signal is given;
Allocation channel determination means for determining a sound generation channel to which the musical tone signal generation is allocated, using the generation instruction information stored in the generation instruction information storage means;
One or a plurality of tone information for specifying a tone signal to be generated and one or a plurality of channel designation information for designating one or a plurality of tone generation channels to which the tone signal generation is assigned are supplied to the sound source unit and used for the tone signal generation. Reserving means for reserving sound generation channels as a group,
The sound source section is
Reservation information storage means for storing reservation information that is designated by the channel designation information and represents a reservation of a sound channel reserved as the one group;
A tone generation channel in which a reservation is represented by the reservation information stored in the reservation information storage means, and a volume level of a tone signal generated in all the sound generation channels belonging to the one group is a predetermined level. When the sound level is equal to or lower than the sound volume level, the musical sound that is the sound generation channel in which the reservation is represented and that starts generation of the musical sound signal defined by the musical sound information in all the sound generation channels belonging to the one group Signal generation start means,
The musical sound signal generation start means
Volume level detecting means for detecting a volume level of a musical tone signal generated in all sound generation channels whose reservation is represented by at least the reservation information;
Using the detection result of the volume level detection means and the reservation information stored in the reservation information storage means, the sound generation channel in which the reservation is represented by the reservation information, and all of the channels belonging to the one group Dump level arrival detection means for detecting whether or not the volume level of the musical sound signal generated in the sound generation channel is equal to or lower than the predetermined volume level;
The detection result of the dump level arrival detection means is a sound channel whose reservation is represented by the reservation information, and the volume level of the tone signal generated in all sound channels belonging to the one group is the sound level. A tone signal that indicates a reservation by the reservation information when the sound volume level is equal to or lower than the predetermined volume level, and instructs all tone generation channels belonging to the one group to start generation of the tone signal. A musical tone signal generator comprising: generation start instruction means.

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