JP5838658B2 - Drum type magnetic sorter - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a drum type magnetic sorter used as a magnetic sorter in a scrap shredder facility.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, scraps such as scrapped automobiles and construction waste materials are crushed and sorted, and high-quality iron scraps are collected and used as iron-making raw materials (iron sources). Scrap crushing and sorting are usually performed by a series of equipment (scrap shredder equipment). In a scrap shredder facility, scraps crushed by a shredder are sorted by a magnetic sorter after being sorted by a wind sorter or a swing sorter, for example. In many cases, a drum type magnetic sorter is used as the magnetic sorter.

  The drum-type magnetic sorter includes a drum, a magnet disposed independently of the drum on the scrap supply side in the drum, and a drum rotation mechanism. In the drum type magnetic sorter, by supplying scrap toward the outer peripheral surface of the drum while rotating the drum at a high speed, the magnetic substance contained in the scrap is attracted to the outer peripheral surface of the drum by the magnetic force of the magnet. (Ie magnetize).

Scrap (magnetized material) magnetized on the drum is guided to the scrap collection side by the rotation of the drum, and falls off the outer peripheral surface of the drum when it reaches the portion where the drum magnet is not disposed. The dropped magnetic deposit (scrap) is collected by a conveyor or the like.
In such a drum type magnetic sorter, scrap is violently ejected from the outer peripheral surface of the drum by the centrifugal force of the drum rotating at high speed. There are also scraps that scatter to the outside. Since the driving devices (bearings, electric motors, etc.) of the rotating shaft are arranged at both ends in the axial direction of the drum, it is necessary to prevent the driving device from being damaged by scattered scrap.

  As a conventional example of a drum type magnetic sorter for scrap shredder equipment, for example, one described in Patent Document 1 can be cited. The drum type magnetic sorter described in Patent Document 1 includes a cover that covers the entire drum and has a dust discharge port below the drum. However, Patent Document 1 does not describe a mechanism that can prevent scrap from scattering to the outside of both ends of the drum in the axial direction.

JP 2011-94208 A

  An object of the present invention is to reliably prevent scrap from scattering to the outside of both end portions in the axial direction of the drum without causing problems such as equipment stoppage in the drum type magnetic sorter.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a drum type magnetic sorting machine of the present invention has a drum, a magnet arranged separately from the drum on the scrap supply side in the drum, and a rotating mechanism for rotating the drum. A drum type magnetic separator for magnetizing a magnetic substance contained in scrap on the outer peripheral surface of a rotating drum and guiding the magnetized magnetic substance to a scrap collecting side by rotating the drum, on both axial sides of the drum A cover having a facing surface that is disposed at a lower end of the drum and facing the outer peripheral surface of the drum with a preset gap, and the cover is released in a direction in which the gap increases when scrap is caught in the gap. If caught in is eliminated possess a reciprocating mechanism for moving back to the original position, the reciprocating mechanism includes a suspension mechanism for supporting a suspended state an upper portion of the cover A guide mechanism that guides both ends of the cover in the width direction, the guide mechanism being a long member having an L-shaped cross section installed on a scrap supply side and a recovery side of the drum, The surface is loosely fitted in the grooves at both ends in the width direction of the cover, and is guided in a state in which the both ends in the width direction of the cover are loosely supported .

  In a drum type magnetic sorter, in order to prevent scrap from scattering to the outside of both ends of the drum in the axial direction, the cover is installed on the upper side of the both ends in the axial direction of the drum in a state where the cover cannot be moved forward and backward. If the gap is set small, fine scraps are easily caught in the gap. If scrap continues in the gap, the drum cannot rotate and the equipment stops. If the gap is set to be large, the scrap is difficult to be caught, but the scrap is likely to scatter to the outside of both end portions in the axial direction of the drum through the gap.

On the other hand, since the drum type magnetic sorter of the present invention has the advance / retreat mechanism, when the scrap is caught in the gap, the cover moves in the direction of widening the gap of the portion where the scrap is caught and is stuck. The scrap comes out of the gap. When the scrap is removed from the gap, the cover returns to the original position, so that the gap returns to the original dimension.
Accordingly, by setting the gap to be small, it is possible to reliably prevent the scrap from scattering to the outside of both ends in the axial direction of the drum through the gap, and when the scrap is caught in the gap, the advance / retreat mechanism Thus, the scrap can be removed from the gap before the equipment is stopped.

In the drum type magnetic sorting machine according to the present invention, the advance / retreat mechanism may include a support mechanism that supports the cover so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction.
In drum type magnetic separator of the present invention, the advancing and retracting mechanism, possess a suspension mechanism for supporting a suspended state an upper portion of the cover, and a guide mechanism for guiding the both widthwise ends of the cover, the forward and reverse mechanism Has a suspension mechanism that supports the upper part of the cover in a suspended state, and a guide mechanism that guides both ends in the width direction of the cover, and the guide mechanisms are installed on the scrap supply side and the recovery side of the drum. A long member having an L-shaped cross section, in which one surface of the L-shape is loosely fitted in grooves at both ends in the width direction of the cover and is guided in a state of loosely supporting both ends in the width direction of the cover ; you.

In this case, when scrap is caught in the gap, the rotational force of the drum is transmitted to the cover through the scrap, and the cover moves in a direction in which the facing surface is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the drum at the position where the scrap is sandwiched. The scrap comes out of the gap. Thereafter, the cover is returned to the original position by the suspension mechanism and the guide mechanism, so that the gap returns to the original dimension. That is, in this case, the rotating drum also constitutes the advance / retreat mechanism.
In the drum type magnetic sorting machine according to the present invention, the advance / retreat mechanism may be configured to advance / retreat the cover portions located on both sides of the drum outer peripheral surface facing the magnet.

  According to the drum type magnetic sorter of the present invention, it is possible to reliably prevent scrap from scattering to the outside of both end portions in the axial direction of the drum without causing equipment stoppage.

It is a figure explaining the drum type magnetic sorter equivalent to one embodiment of this invention. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is a figure explaining the drum type magnetic sorter equivalent to one embodiment of this invention, and is a BB sectional view of Drawing 2. It is CC sectional drawing of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the state where the scrap was pinched | interposed into the clearance gap. It is a figure explaining the problem in case a cover is fixed.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the drum type magnetic sorter of this embodiment includes a hollow drum 1, electromagnets 21 and permanent magnets 22 disposed inside the drum 1, and axial end portions of the drum 1. A cover 3 is provided on the upper side.
A plurality of fin-like protrusions 11 extending in the axial direction are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the drum 1 in the circumferential direction. As shown in FIG. 2, these protrusions 11 are formed inside the position where the cover 3 is installed in the axial direction of the drum 1. In FIG. 3, the protrusion 11 is omitted. As shown in FIG. 2, both end portions of the rotating shaft 12 of the drum 1 are supported by bearings 13. One end of the rotating shaft 12 is connected to the electric motor 14.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a first discharge port 41 is formed on the scrap supply side and a second discharge port 42 is formed on the scrap collection side below the drum 1. A first vibration conveyor 51 is disposed on the scrap supply side of the drum 1, and a second vibration conveyor 52 is disposed on the scrap collection side. The downstream end of the first vibrating conveyor 51 is disposed in a position near the outer peripheral surface of the drum 1 slightly below the rotation center of the drum 1 and above the first discharge port 41. . The upstream tip of the second vibrating conveyor 52 is disposed near the second discharge port 42.

  The electromagnet 21 and the permanent magnet 22 are installed through a gap along the inner peripheral surface of the drum 1, and the electromagnet 21 and the permanent magnet 22 exist at that position even when the drum 1 rotates. The electromagnet 21 is disposed at a position facing the tip of the first vibrating conveyor 51 with the drum 1 in between. The permanent magnets 22 are arranged at four positions from a position adjacent to the electromagnet 21 in the rotation direction of the drum 1 to a position about 30 ° away from the highest position of the drum 1 in the rotation direction of the drum 1. .

The cover 3 is a planar plate having a recess 31 on one side of the rectangle, and the four sides of the rectangle are longer than the outer diameter of the drum 1. The recess 31 of the cover 3 has a circular arc shape whose radius is about 10 to 20 mm larger than the outer circumferential circle of the drum 1, and the opening side is linear. At both ends in the width direction of the cover 3, grooves 34 extending in the vertical direction are formed by fixing the back plate 33 through the spacers 32.
Guides (guide mechanisms) 6 for guiding both ends in the width direction of the cover 3 are installed on the scrap supply side and the collection side of the drum 1. As shown in FIG. 4, the guide 6 is a long member having an L-shaped cross section, and one surface of the L shape is loosely fitted in the grooves 34 at both ends in the width direction of the cover 3.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, gate-shaped structures 7 that surround the upper side of the cover 3 and both sides in the width direction are installed at both ends in the axial direction of the drum 1 where the cover 3 is installed. The upper end portion of the cover 3 is attached in a suspended state to the beam portion 71 of the portal structure 7 by a chain (a suspension mechanism) 8 at both ends in the width direction. Therefore, in the drum type magnetic sorter of this embodiment, in a stopped state, the lower end of the cover 3 reaches the floor surface, and a predetermined gap is maintained between the concave portion (opposing surface) 31 of the cover 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the drum 1. Has been.

When the drum type magnetic sorter of this embodiment is driven and scrap (magnetic body 91 and nonmagnetic body 92) is supplied from the first vibrating conveyor 51 toward the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 1, the magnetic The body 91 is strongly attracted by the magnetic force of the electromagnet 21 and is magnetically attached to the outer peripheral surface of the drum 1. The nonmagnetic material 92 enters the first discharge port 41 without being magnetically attached to the drum 1.
The magnetic body 91 magnetized on the outer peripheral surface of the drum 1 is held in the magnetized state by the permanent magnet 22 and guided to the scrap collection side, and reaches the position where the permanent magnet 22 does not exist, and the drum 1 is subjected to centrifugal force by the centrifugal force. It is thrown violently from the outer peripheral surface of and falls. At that time, since the covers 3 exist at both ends of the drum 1 in the axial direction, the scrap 91 is prevented from being scattered to the outside where the bearing 13 is present. The dropped magnetic body 91 is collected on the second vibrating conveyor 52 from the second outlet 42.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5, when the scrap 91 thrown out from the outer peripheral surface of the drum 1 is sandwiched in a gap formed by the concave portion 31 of the cover 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the drum 1, The rotational force of the drum 1 is transmitted to the cover 3. Accordingly, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 3, the cover 3 is guided by the guide 6 and rises, and the chain 8 is contracted.
That is, at the position where the scrap 91 is sandwiched, the cover 3 moves in a direction in which the concave portion (opposing surface) 31 is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the drum 1. Therefore, the gap between the cover 3 and the drum 1 is widened, and the scrap 91 is removed from the gap. When the scrap 91 is removed from the gap, the chain 8 is extended and the cover 3 is lowered to return to the original position, so that the widened gap also returns to the original dimension. It is assumed that the scrap 91 entering the wedge shape with respect to the gap returns to the inside of both end portions in the axial direction of the drum 1.

In addition, since the upper side of the cover 3 is suspended by the chain 8 and both sides in the width direction are loosely supported by the guides 6, there is an effect that even when scrap enters the gap, the cover 3 is swayed so that it is difficult to be pinched.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, when the same cover 3 is installed in a state in which the concave portion (opposing surface) 31 cannot advance and retreat with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the drum 1, a fine scrap is formed when the gap between the two is set small. 91 is easily caught in the gap, and when it is set large, the scrap 91 is likely to be scattered to the outside of both end portions in the axial direction of the drum 1 through the gap.

  In this embodiment, the lower end of the cover 3 is attached to the floor surface in a stopped state. However, if a predetermined gap is maintained between the concave portion (opposing surface) 31 of the cover 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the drum 1. In the stop state, the lower end of the cover 3 may be separated from the floor surface. In that case, for example, the cover is supported by the beam 71 with a chain shorter than the cover 3 in FIG. 3 and shorter than the chain 8 in FIG. 3, and the chain is fully extended in the stopped state. And

In this embodiment, the chain 8 constitutes the support mechanism of the present invention, and the drum 8 that rotates with the chain 8 and the guide 6 constitutes the advance / retreat mechanism of the present invention. It may be used.
In addition, the cover 3 is attached to the beam 71 by an electric or hydraulic lifting device, and the sensor detects that scrap is caught in the gap between the drum 1 and the cover 3, and the cover 3 is automatically raised and then lowered. May be. In that case, the detection of the state where the scrap is sandwiched with respect to the gap can be performed by detecting the increase in the torque of the drum 1 by the current value of the electric motor 14 or the like.
The cover 3 is preferably made of a non-magnetic material (for example, stainless steel) in order to prevent magnetic scrap from adhering.

Further, since the scrap is caught between the cover 3 and the drum 1 on the scrap supply side, an advance / retreat mechanism may be provided only on the scrap supply side of the cover 3. That is, you may comprise the cover 3 so that only the part located in the both sides of the outer peripheral surface of the drum 1 facing the magnets 21 and 22 may advance and retreat.
In that case, the cover 3 is separated into the scrap supply side and the scrap recovery side, and the cover on the scrap recovery side is fixed, or when the cover on the scrap supply side moves, the cover on the scrap recovery side It is necessary to configure so as not to interfere.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drum 11 Fin-shaped protrusion 12 Drum rotating shaft 13 Bearing 14 Electric motor 21 Electromagnet 22 Permanent magnet 3 Cover 31 Recessed part (opposite surface)
32 spacer 33 back plate 34 groove 41 1st discharge port 42 2nd discharge port 51 1st vibration conveyor 52 2nd vibration conveyor 6 guide (guide mechanism)
7 Structure 71 Beam
8 Chain (suspending mechanism)
91 Scrap (magnetic material)
92 Scrap (Non-magnetic material)

Claims (3)

A drum, a magnet disposed separately from the drum on the scrap supply side in the drum, and a rotating mechanism for rotating the drum;
A drum type magnetic sorter that magnetizes a magnetic body contained in scrap on the outer peripheral surface of a rotating drum and guides the magnetic body that has been magnetized to the scrap collection side by rotation of the drum,
A cover that is disposed on each side of the drum in the axial direction, and has a facing surface that faces the outer peripheral surface of the drum at a lower end portion through a preset gap;
The cover, the relief in a direction in which the scrap is caught gap increases in the gap, possess a reciprocating mechanism for moving as if caught in the scrap is eliminated returns to its original position,
The advance / retreat mechanism includes a suspension mechanism that supports the upper part of the cover in a suspended state, and a guide mechanism that guides both ends in the width direction of the cover. It is a long member having an L-shaped cross section installed on the side, and one surface of the L-shape is loosely fitted in grooves at both ends in the width direction of the cover, and is guided in a state of loosely supporting both ends in the width direction of the cover drum-type magnetic separator to.   The drum type magnetic sorter according to claim 1, wherein the advance / retreat mechanism has a support mechanism that supports the cover so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction.   The drum type magnetic sorter according to claim 1, wherein the advance / retreat mechanism advances / retreats the portions of the cover located on both sides of the drum outer peripheral surface facing the magnet.

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