JP5827982B2 - 神経変性におけるfig4遺伝子変異 - Google Patents
神経変性におけるfig4遺伝子変異 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5827982B2 JP5827982B2 JP2013213639A JP2013213639A JP5827982B2 JP 5827982 B2 JP5827982 B2 JP 5827982B2 JP 2013213639 A JP2013213639 A JP 2013213639A JP 2013213639 A JP2013213639 A JP 2013213639A JP 5827982 B2 JP5827982 B2 JP 5827982B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fig4
- mutation
- gene
- sequence
- dna
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 101150081848 FIG4 gene Proteins 0.000 title claims description 48
- 206010064571 Gene mutation Diseases 0.000 title claims description 4
- 230000004770 neurodegeneration Effects 0.000 title description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 175
- 101000827703 Homo sapiens Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Proteins 0.000 claims description 164
- 102100023591 Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Human genes 0.000 claims description 161
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 claims description 114
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 103
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 79
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 claims description 78
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 claims description 78
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 claims description 72
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 102000054767 gene variant Human genes 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007899 nucleic acid hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003754 fetus Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004381 amniotic fluid Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 144
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 102
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 83
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 82
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 62
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 60
- 108700028369 Alleles Proteins 0.000 description 46
- 108091032973 (ribonucleotides)n+m Proteins 0.000 description 44
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 44
- 239000013615 primer Substances 0.000 description 38
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 37
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 35
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 30
- 108020004999 messenger RNA Proteins 0.000 description 30
- 208000010693 Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Diseases 0.000 description 29
- 210000000349 chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 29
- 102200143344 rs121908287 Human genes 0.000 description 29
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 28
- 102000040430 polynucleotide Human genes 0.000 description 28
- 108091033319 polynucleotide Proteins 0.000 description 28
- 239000002157 polynucleotide Substances 0.000 description 28
- 108020004635 Complementary DNA Proteins 0.000 description 27
- 108091028043 Nucleic acid sequence Proteins 0.000 description 26
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 23
- 108091034117 Oligonucleotide Proteins 0.000 description 23
- 238000010804 cDNA synthesis Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000002299 complementary DNA Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 23
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 23
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 22
- 108700019146 Transgenes Proteins 0.000 description 21
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 21
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 238000003752 polymerase chain reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 20
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 19
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 19
- 108091026890 Coding region Proteins 0.000 description 18
- 238000000636 Northern blotting Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 16
- 238000002493 microarray Methods 0.000 description 16
- 208000033808 peripheral neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 16
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000003757 reverse transcription PCR Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 14
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 14
- 125000003275 alpha amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 14
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 14
- 102000053602 DNA Human genes 0.000 description 13
- 230000009261 transgenic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 201000001119 neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 230000007823 neuropathy Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 108700024394 Exon Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 description 11
- 210000002950 fibroblast Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 11
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 239000013603 viral vector Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 210000003934 vacuole Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 102000054766 genetic haplotypes Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 238000003018 immunoassay Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 102000054765 polymorphisms of proteins Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000013518 transcription Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000035897 transcription Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 9
- BMVUIWJCUQSHLZ-UJGXJMNGSA-N 1-(sn-glycero-3-phospho)-1D-myo-inositol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)COP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O BMVUIWJCUQSHLZ-UJGXJMNGSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 102100038028 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate 5-kinase Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 101710145421 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate 5-kinase Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 108091092195 Intron Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 101100174574 Mus musculus Pikfyve gene Proteins 0.000 description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007901 in situ hybridization Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001890 transfection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 102000004160 Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 108090000608 Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 238000002105 Southern blotting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 210000002683 foot Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003906 phosphoinositides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000001262 western blot Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002965 ELISA Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 208000010428 Muscle Weakness Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 206010028372 Muscular weakness Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 208000012902 Nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 208000037065 Subacute sclerosing leukoencephalitis Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 206010042297 Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 6
- JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl [5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] hydrogen phosphate Polymers Cc1cn(C2CC(OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)C(COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3CO)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 210000004899 c-terminal region Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- -1 dextran sulfate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000002161 motor neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000008488 polyadenylation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 108091008146 restriction endonucleases Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 230000001177 retroviral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 6
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000018 DNA microarray Methods 0.000 description 5
- 108060003951 Immunoglobulin Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 108010021466 Mutant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 102000008300 Mutant Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108020004511 Recombinant DNA Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003205 genotyping method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000004408 hybridoma Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 102000018358 immunoglobulin Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000520 microinjection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007830 nerve conduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000000578 peripheral nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241001430294 unidentified retrovirus Species 0.000 description 5
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006144 Dulbecco’s modified Eagle's medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000206602 Eukaryota Species 0.000 description 4
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101000966872 Homo sapiens Myotubularin-related protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 241000701044 Human gammaherpesvirus 4 Species 0.000 description 4
- 102000008394 Immunoglobulin Fragments Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010021625 Immunoglobulin Fragments Proteins 0.000 description 4
- AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-WHFBIAKZSA-N L-isoleucine Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-WHFBIAKZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102100040602 Myotubularin-related protein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010038997 Retroviral infections Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000692 anti-sense effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001574 biopsy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940098773 bovine serum albumin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000005546 dideoxynucleotide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 210000001163 endosome Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000001415 gene therapy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000004602 germ cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000003917 human chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000010166 immunofluorescence Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002163 immunogen Effects 0.000 description 4
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229960000310 isoleucine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 108010045069 keyhole-limpet hemocyanin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 238000007834 ligase chain reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 201000000585 muscular atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000003497 sciatic nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000019491 signal transduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCO BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108020005544 Antisense RNA Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 3
- 108010014303 DNA-directed DNA polymerase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000016928 DNA-directed DNA polymerase Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 102100031780 Endonuclease Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 102000001706 Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010054477 Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments Proteins 0.000 description 3
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108091092878 Microsatellite Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 208000025966 Neurological disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000539 amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 210000003423 ankle Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000890 antigenic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000003050 axon Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004952 blastocoel Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000002459 blastocyst Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000001109 blastomere Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003184 complementary RNA Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000003674 cytoplasmic vesicle Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000001086 cytosolic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960002086 dextran Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003527 eukaryotic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000012091 fetal bovine serum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000003780 hair follicle Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 210000004295 hippocampal neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 102000054129 human FIG4 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoleucine Natural products CCC(C)C(N)C(O)=O AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000031864 metaphase Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000009871 nonspecific binding Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000019612 pigmentation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000003127 radioimmunoassay Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000000278 spinal cord Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 3
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- 241001529453 unidentified herpesvirus Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 108091033380 Coding strand Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108020004705 Codon Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000012410 DNA Ligases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010061982 DNA Ligases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000016192 Demyelinating disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010012305 Demyelination Diseases 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010042407 Endonucleases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010058643 Fungal Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000003098 Ganglion Cysts Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108700028146 Genetic Enhancer Elements Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 206010071602 Genetic polymorphism Diseases 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108091027305 Heteroduplex Proteins 0.000 description 2
- SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010074328 Interferon-gamma Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000013462 Interleukin-12 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010065805 Interleukin-12 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N L-threonine Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000009565 Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010009491 Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000007474 Multiprotein Complexes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010085220 Multiprotein Complexes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 206010028289 Muscle atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- NWIBSHFKIJFRCO-WUDYKRTCSA-N Mytomycin Chemical compound C1N2C(C(C(C)=C(N)C3=O)=O)=C3[C@@H](COC(N)=O)[C@@]2(OC)[C@@H]2[C@H]1N2 NWIBSHFKIJFRCO-WUDYKRTCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108700026244 Open Reading Frames Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000276498 Pollachius virens Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010066717 Q beta Replicase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010092799 RNA-directed DNA polymerase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 2
- 108700008625 Reporter Genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108091081021 Sense strand Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000700584 Simplexvirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000005400 Synovial Cyst Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102000004338 Transferrin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000901 Transferrin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000251539 Vertebrata <Metazoa> Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000036982 action potential Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011543 agarose gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004520 agglutination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000021024 autosomal recessive inheritance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000003719 b-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006727 cell loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002230 centromere Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003591 cerebellar nuclei Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003710 cerebral cortex Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 201000004559 cerebral degeneration Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009223 counseling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004748 cultured cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004520 electroporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013604 expression vector Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012817 gel-diffusion technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005090 green fluorescent protein Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035931 haemagglutination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006801 homologous recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002744 homologous recombination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000028993 immune response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003119 immunoblot Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000951 immunodiffusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000760 immunoelectrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003364 immunohistochemistry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001506 immunosuppresive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003017 in situ immunoassay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940117681 interleukin-12 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000225 lethality Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000001638 lipofection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004962 mammalian cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000002780 melanosome Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010369 molecular cloning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000020763 muscle atrophy Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010807 negative regulation of binding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000015122 neurodegenerative disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000004498 neuroglial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000004940 nucleus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000001584 occupational therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011275 oncology therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000287 oocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002018 overexpression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013610 patient sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentofuranose Chemical group OCC1OC(O)C(O)C1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000027232 peripheral nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000554 physical therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004853 protein function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001938 protoplast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000001044 sensory neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003594 spinal ganglia Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000003153 stable transfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000000580 synaptojanin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010016910 synaptojanin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 210000001103 thalamus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005030 transcription termination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000026683 transduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012581 transferrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000427 trigeminal ganglion Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000701161 unidentified adenovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000004291 uterus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000006670 vacuole accumulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004474 valine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N (2S)-2-Amino-3-hydroxypropansäure Chemical compound OC[C@H](N)C(O)=O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEJKOYIMCGMNRB-GRHHLOCNSA-N (2s)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid;(2s)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1.OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 BEJKOYIMCGMNRB-GRHHLOCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASWBNKHCZGQVJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hexadecanoyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl) 2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C ASWBNKHCZGQVJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000040650 (ribonucleotides)n+m Human genes 0.000 description 1
- UFBJCMHMOXMLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitrophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O UFBJCMHMOXMLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108020005065 3' Flanking Region Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHYQAEFVHIZFLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 4-(4-diazonio-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-methoxybenzenediazonium;dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C1=C([N+]#N)C(OC)=CC(C=2C=C(OC)C([N+]#N)=CC=2)=C1 LHYQAEFVHIZFLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WCKQPPQRFNHPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl]benzoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 WCKQPPQRFNHPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWMNVWWHGCHHJJ-SKKKGAJSSA-N 4-amino-1-[(2r)-6-amino-2-[[(2r)-2-[[(2r)-2-[[(2r)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]piperidine-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1CCC(N)(CC1)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 FWMNVWWHGCHHJJ-SKKKGAJSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108020005029 5' Flanking Region Proteins 0.000 description 1
- SJQRQOKXQKVJGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(2-aminoethylamino)naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(NCCN)=CC=CC2=C1S(O)(=O)=O SJQRQOKXQKVJGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHTUHGNVVZPWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-dimethyl-8-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)purine-2,6-dione Chemical compound OCCN1C=2C(=O)N(C)C(=O)N(C)C=2N=C1CC1=CC=CN=C1 VHTUHGNVVZPWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000007469 Actins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010085238 Actins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000012103 Alexa Fluor 488 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012110 Alexa Fluor 594 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000002260 Alkaline Phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004774 Alkaline Phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091093088 Amplicon Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Asparagine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC(N)=O DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010077805 Bacterial Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000001433 C-terminal amino-acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 108010078791 Carrier Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 201000008890 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4J Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010035563 Chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000029816 Collagenase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108060005980 Collagenase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108020004394 Complementary RNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000032170 Congenital Abnormalities Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010062346 Congenital neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108091035707 Consensus sequence Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000186216 Corynebacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 108090000695 Cytokines Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004127 Cytokines Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000003155 DNA primer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001712 DNA sequencing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006820 DNA synthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000450599 DNA viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000702421 Dependoparvovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009007 Diagnostic Kit Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010053187 Diphtheria Toxin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000016607 Diphtheria Toxin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010044191 Dynamin II Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000014347 Dynamin-2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010058314 Dysplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004533 Endonucleases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000283074 Equus asinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001917 Ficoll Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010017577 Gait disturbance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000002464 Galactosidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010093031 Galactosidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000003886 Glycoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000288 Glycoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010043121 Green Fluorescent Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004144 Green Fluorescent Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229920000209 Hexadimethrine bromide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101100012903 Homo sapiens FIG4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001116514 Homo sapiens Myotubularin-related protein 13 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000869523 Homo sapiens Phosphatidylinositide phosphatase SAC2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000954195 Homo sapiens Protein VAC14 homolog Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010001336 Horseradish Peroxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010058683 Immobilized Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010022031 Inherited neuropathies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100037850 Interferon gamma Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000008070 Interferon-gamma Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000581650 Ivesia Species 0.000 description 1
- YQEZLKZALYSWHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ketamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(Cl)C=1C1(NC)CCCCC1=O YQEZLKZALYSWHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150062031 L gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N L-Cysteine Chemical compound SC[C@H](N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N L-alanine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(O)=O QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 1
- DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N L-asparagine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(N)=O DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-histidine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-leucine Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(O)=O ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-phenylalanine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N L-tryptophane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-tyrosine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-valine Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H](N)C(O)=O KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Leucine Natural products CC(C)CC(N)C(O)=O ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010024453 Ligament sprain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108060001084 Luciferase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000005089 Luciferase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108060004795 Methyltransferase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010070302 Motor developmental delay Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101100012904 Mus musculus Fig4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100024960 Myotubularin-related protein 13 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000006538 Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010008858 Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108020004485 Nonsense Codon Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108020003217 Nuclear RNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000043141 Nuclear RNA Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710163270 Nuclease Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NPGIHFRTRXVWOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oil red O Chemical compound Cc1ccc(C)c(c1)N=Nc1cc(C)c(cc1C)N=Nc1c(O)ccc2ccccc12 NPGIHFRTRXVWOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108020005187 Oligonucleotide Probes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012408 PCR amplification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108090000526 Papain Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001631646 Papillomaviridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000057297 Pepsin A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000284 Pepsin A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010034620 Peripheral sensory neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010002747 Pfu DNA polymerase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100032287 Phosphatidylinositide phosphatase SAC2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091000080 Phosphotransferase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010029485 Protein Isoforms Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000001708 Protein Isoforms Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000001253 Protein Kinase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100037207 Protein VAC14 homolog Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101150030875 RAB7A gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091034057 RNA (poly(A)) Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108020005067 RNA Splice Sites Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007056 Recombinant Fusion Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010008281 Recombinant Fusion Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001068295 Replication defective viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010070833 Respiratory muscle weakness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Serine Natural products OCC(N)C(O)=O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000024932 T cell mediated immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001744 T-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 101710137500 T7 RNA polymerase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010006785 Taq Polymerase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Threonine Natural products CC(O)C(N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004473 Threonine Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tryptophan Natural products C1=CC=C2C(CC(N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150024645 Vac14 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Valine Natural products CC(C)C(N)C(O)=O KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108700005077 Viral Genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001594 aberrant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004279 alanine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alprazolam Chemical compound C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2N2C(C)=NN=C2CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006229 amino acid addition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010025592 aminoadipoyl-cysteinyl-allylglycine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000002669 amniocentesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940035676 analgesics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000730 antalgic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101150010487 are gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960001230 asparagine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000009582 asparagine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037147 athletic performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037444 atrophy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003192 autonomic ganglia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002453 autonomic neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000376 autoradiography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008335 axon cargo transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010805 cDNA synthesis kit Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036996 cardiovascular health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011712 cell development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007910 cell fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006037 cell lysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003198 cerebellar cortex Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001175 cerebrospinal fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019993 champagne Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004252 chorionic villi Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000013611 chromosomal DNA Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002759 chromosomal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003759 clinical diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009535 clinical urine test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010367 cloning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002424 collagenase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003636 conditioned culture medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002559 cytogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000805 cytoplasm Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002716 delivery method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003520 dendritic spine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000030609 dephosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006209 dephosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000633 dextran sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012502 diagnostic product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007877 drug screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002308 embryonic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001671 embryonic stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- YQGOJNYOYNNSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N eosin Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(Br)C(=O)C(Br)=C2OC2=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=C21 YQGOJNYOYNNSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMMJGEGLRURXTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethidium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C12=CC(N)=CC=C2C2=CC=C(N)C=C2[N+](CC)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMMJGEGLRURXTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005542 ethidium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003722 extracellular fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003099 femoral nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000799 fluorescence microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002866 fluorescence resonance energy transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108020001507 fusion proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000037865 fusion proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000005021 gait Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003209 gene knockout Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010353 genetic engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010448 genetic screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007614 genetic variation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008826 genomic mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004919 hair shaft Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004247 hand Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003505 heat denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007490 hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003494 hepatocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008241 heterogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001320 hippocampus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N histidine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001744 histochemical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010562 histological examination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028996 humoral immune response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003053 immunization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002649 immunization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003312 immunocapture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016784 immunoglobulin production Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940072221 immunoglobulins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001114 immunoprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003130 interferon gamma Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004068 intracellular signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000741 isoleucyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(C(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H])C(=O)O* 0.000 description 1
- 229960003299 ketamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003041 ligament Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002502 liposome Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000027928 long-term synaptic potentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 108010026228 mRNA guanylyltransferase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYWUZJCMWCOHBA-VIFPVBQESA-N methamphetamine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 MYWUZJCMWCOHBA-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003228 microsomal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004939 midgestation embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004857 mitomycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000037230 mobility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003068 molecular probe Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004973 motor coordination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003471 mutagenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003007 myelin sheath Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000023105 myelination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004126 nerve fiber Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036403 neuro physiology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004773 neurodegenerative pattern Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006576 neuronal survival Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002981 neuropathic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007171 neuropathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108091027963 non-coding RNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000042567 non-coding RNA Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000037434 nonsense mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000956 olfactory bulb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940124276 oligodeoxyribonucleotide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002751 oligonucleotide probe Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000399 optical microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940055729 papain Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019834 papain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002972 pentoses Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940111202 pepsin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RXNXLAHQOVLMIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 10-methylacridin-10-ium-9-carboxylate Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2[N+](C)=C2C=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RXNXLAHQOVLMIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylalanine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108091005981 phosphorylated proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000020233 phosphotransferase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940068196 placebo Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000902 placebo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002264 polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000447 polyanionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001124 posttranscriptional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004393 prognosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001176 projection neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001236 prokaryotic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000272 proprioceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009023 proprioceptive sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005267 prostate cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000159 protein binding assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108020001580 protein domains Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000006916 protein interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108060006633 protein kinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000029983 protein stabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012264 purified product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000010188 recombinant method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007441 retrograde transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008292 retrograde transport, vacuole to Golgi Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010839 reverse transcription Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012502 risk assessment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007423 screening assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000413 sensory ganglia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000697 sensory organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000005572 sensory peripheral neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007447 staining method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007103 stamina Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004304 subcutaneous tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000002222 superior cervical ganglion Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001590 sural nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000946 synaptic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001550 testis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003412 trans-golgi network Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005026 transcription initiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003151 transfection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011830 transgenic mouse model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003146 transient transfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005945 translocation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011178 triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyrosine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002477 vacuolizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028973 vesicle-mediated transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108700026220 vif Genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000029812 viral genome replication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005253 yeast cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004340 zona pellucida Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6883—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/156—Polymorphic or mutational markers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/158—Expression markers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/172—Haplotypes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2500/00—Screening for compounds of potential therapeutic value
- G01N2500/10—Screening for compounds of potential therapeutic value involving cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Description
本発明は神経障害、特にFIG4遺伝子における変異に関係する。また、本発明はバリアントFIG4対立遺伝子を検出するためのアッセイ法、および疾患状態に伴うFIG4遺伝子多型および変異を検出するためのアッセイ法も提供する。
シャルコー・マリー・トゥース病(CMT)は、頻度の高い遺伝性神経障害であり、米国では約2,500人に1人の割合で発症する。病名は、1886年に最初にこの疾患を報告した3人の医師、フランス、パリのジャンマリー・シャルコーとピエール・マリー、イギリス、ケンブリッジのハワード・ヘンリー・トゥースにちなんでつけられた。遺伝性運動性感覚性ニューロパチー(HMSN)または腓骨筋萎縮症とも呼ばれるCMTは、末梢神経に影響を与える一群の症状で構成される。末梢神経は脳と脊髄の外に存在し、四肢の筋肉ならびに感覚器に対応し、末梢神経から脳へ固有受容感覚情報が送られる。末梢神経に影響を与える障害は、末梢性神経障害と呼ばれる。
[本発明1001]
被験者から抽出した生物試料におけるFIG4遺伝子バリアントの有無の検出を含む、被験者のFIG4遺伝子バリアントを検出する方法。
[本発明1002]
上記検出を用いて被験者における神経障害の危険性を評価する、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1003]
神経障害がシャルコー・マリー・トゥース病4J型神経障害(CMT4J)である、本発明1002の方法。
[本発明1004]
神経障害が常染色体劣性神経障害である、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1005]
神経障害がデジュリーヌ・ソッタ病である、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1006]
FIG4遺伝子バリアントが機能喪失型の変異体である、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1007]
FIG4遺伝子バリアントが切り詰め型変異体である、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1008]
切り詰め型変異体がホモ変異体である、本発明1007の方法。
[本発明1009]
切り詰め型変異がFIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン4におけるF98fsX102切り詰め型変異体を含む、本発明1007の方法。
[本発明1010]
切り詰め型変異体が、ミスセンス変異と組み合わせた複合ヘテロ変異体である、本発明1007の方法。
[本発明1011]
ミスセンス変異が、FIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン2におけるI41T変異を生じる、本発明1010の方法。
[本発明1012]
FIG4遺伝子バリアントが、FIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン4におけるF98fsX102切り詰め型変異体およびFIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン2におけるI41T変異をコードする遺伝子を含む、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1013]
FIG4遺伝子バリアントが、FIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン6におけるR183X変異およびFIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン2におけるI41T変異をコードする遺伝子を含む、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1014]
生物試料が、血液試料、組織試料、尿試料、DNA試料、羊水試料からなる群から選択される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1015]
被験者が、胚、胎児、動物の新生仔、若年動物からなる群から選択される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1016]
動物がヒトである、本発明1015の方法。
[本発明1017]
FIG4遺伝子バリアントの存在の検出が、核酸検出アッセイ法の実施を含む、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1018]
FIG4遺伝子バリアントの存在の検出が、ポリペプチド検出アッセイ法を含む、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1019]
以下を含む方法:
a) CMT4J病またはデジュリーヌ・ソッタ病の症状を示す動物と試験化合物とを接触させること、
b) 試験化合物の非存在下と比較し、試験化合物の存在下で症状が低下するか否かを判定すること。
[本発明1020]
動物がFIG4遺伝子バリアントを含み、該FIG4遺伝子バリアントが機能喪失型の変異体である、本発明1019の方法。
[本発明1021]
FIG4遺伝子バリアントが切り詰め型変異体である、本発明1020の方法。
[本発明1022]
切り詰め型変異体がホモ変異体である、本発明1021の方法。
[本発明1023]
切り詰め型変異がFIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン4におけるF98fsX102切り詰め型変異体を含む、本発明1021の方法。
[本発明1024]
切り詰め型変異体が、ミスセンス変異と組み合わせた複合ヘテロ変異である、本発明1021の方法。
[本発明1025]
ミスセンス変異が、FIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン2におけるI41T変異を生じる、本発明1024の方法。
[本発明1026]
FIG4遺伝子バリアントが、FIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン4におけるF98fsX102切り詰め型変異体およびFIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン2におけるI41T変異をコードする遺伝子を含む、本発明1020の方法。
[本発明1027]
FIG4遺伝子バリアントが、FIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン6におけるR183X変異およびFIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン2におけるI41T変異をコードする遺伝子を含む、本発明1020の方法。
[本発明1028]
以下を含む方法:
a) FIG4ポリペプチドバリアントを発現する単離細胞と試験化合物とを接触させること、
b) 試験化合物の非存在下でのレベルと比較した試験化合物の存在下での細胞におけるFab1/PIKfyve活性化を定量すること。
[本発明1029]
FIG4ポリペプチドバリアントが機能喪失型の変異体である、本発明1028の方法。
[本発明1030]
FIG4ポリペプチドバリアントが切り詰め型変異体である、本発明1029の方法。
[本発明1031]
切り詰め型変異体がホモ変異である、本発明1030の方法。
[本発明1032]
切り詰め型変異がFIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン4におけるF98fsX102切り詰め型変異体を含む、本発明1030の方法。
[本発明1033]
切り詰め型変異体が、ミスセンス変異と組み合わせた複合ヘテロ変異である、本発明1030の方法。
[本発明1034]
ミスセンス変異が、FIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン2におけるI41T変異を生じる、本発明1033の方法。
[本発明1035]
FIG4ポリペプチドバリアントが、FIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン4におけるF98fsX102切り詰め型変異体およびFIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン2におけるI41T変異を含む、本発明1028の方法。
[本発明1036]
FIG4ポリペプチドバリアントが、FIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン6におけるR183X変異およびFIG4ポリペプチドのエクソン2におけるI41T変異を含む、本発明1026の方法。
[本発明1037]
被験者においてFIG4遺伝子バリアントを検出する方法であって、FIG4遺伝子バリアントがFIG4の複合ヘテロまたはホモ変異対立遺伝子の組み合わせを含み、被験者に由来する生物試料中のFIG4遺伝子バリアントの存在または非存在の検出を含む方法。
発明の理解を助けるために、用語の定義を以下に挙げる。
本発明は神経障害、特にFIG4遺伝子における変異に関係する。また、本発明はFIG4対立遺伝子バリアントを検出するためのアッセイ法、および疾患状態に伴うFIG4遺伝子多型および変異を検出するためのアッセイ法も提供する。
一部の実施例において、本発明はFIG4対立遺伝子の変異体の有無に基づき、CMT4J病を診断する方法を提供する。
以下に記述するように、本発明の一部の実施例が進展する間に実施された実験の結果、CMT疾患タイプ4Jと関連するFIG4対立遺伝子バリアントが同定された。従って、一部の実施例において、本発明は疾患状態と関連するFIG4変異遺伝子を提供する。FIG4変異遺伝子の例は、エクソン4のF98fsX102、エクソン2のI41T、エクソン6のR183Xをコードするものを含むが、それらに限定されない。一部の実施例において、CMT4J患者はI41Tと他の変異1つの両方を保有する。一部の実施例において、患者は複合ヘテロ接合体である。一部の実施例において、患者ではFIG4タンパク質の切り詰めを引き起こすFIG4の変異が見られ、それはホモ接合状態で存在する。他の実施例において、患者ではI41Tの変異あるいは他のミスセンス変異と共に、複合ヘテロ接合体として存在する、FIG4の切り詰めを引き起こす変異が見られる。
一部の実施例において、本発明はFIG4核酸またはポリペプチドの野生型またはバリアント(例えば変異体または多型)の存在を検出する方法を提供する。FIG4変異体の検出は疾患(例えばCMT4J)の診断に利用できる。
FIG4核酸またはポリペプチドを含むいかなる患者試料も、本発明の方法に従い検査することができる。非限定的な例を挙げると、試料は組織、血液、尿、精液、あるいはその分画(例えば血漿、血清、尿の上澄み、尿の細胞ペレット、前立腺細胞)などである。
本発明のFIG4バリアントは、当業者の間で知られる多様な核酸検出技法を使い、ゲノムDNAまたはmRNAとして検出することができる。検出技法としては、核酸配列決定、核酸ハイブリダイゼーション、核酸増幅などがあるが、それらに限定されない。
これらに限定されない核酸配列決定技法の例として、チェーンターミネーター配列決定法(Sanger法)とダイターミネーター配列決定法があるが、ただしそれらに限定されない。当業者の間で認識されるように、RNAの方が細胞中で安定性が低く、ヌクレアーゼにより切断されやすいため、実験上、RNAは通常、配列決定の前にDNAに逆転写される。
説明に役立つ非限定的な核酸ハイブリダイゼーション技法例としては、in situハイブリダイゼーション法(ISH)、マイクロアレイ法、サザンまたはノーザンブロット法があるが、それらに限定されない。in situハイブリダイゼーション法(ISH)は、標識した相補的DNAまたはRNA鎖をプローブとして使い、組織(in situ)の一部または断片、あるいは組織が十分小さい場合は、組織全体(ホールマウントISH)の特異的DNAまたはRNA配列の位置を決定する。DNA ISHは染色体の構造決定に使用できる。RNA ISHは組織断片またはホールマウント内でmRNAその他の転写物の量を測定し、位置を決定するために使われる。標的転写物を固定し、プローブとの接触の可能性を改善するために、試料細胞は処理される。温度を上げてプローブと標的配列の間でハイブリッドを形成させ、残ったプローブを洗浄して除去する。放射標識塩基、蛍光標識塩基、抗体標識塩基のいずれかで標識したプローブに関し、それぞれオートラジオグラフィー法、蛍光顕微鏡法、免疫組織化学法を使い、組織中の位置を決定し、定量化する。ISHでは複数のプローブを使い、それらを放射能活性または非放射性標識で標識し、複数の転写物を同時に検出することもできる。
一部の実施例では、FIG4核酸配列の検出のために、マイクロアレイ法を使う。マイクロアレイ法の例としては、DNAマイクロアレイ法(例えばcDNAマイクロアレイ法やオリゴヌクレオチド・マイクロアレイ法)、タンパク質マイクロアレイ法、組織マイクロアレイ法、形質移入または細胞マイクロアレイ法、化合物マイクロアレイ法、抗体マイクロアレイ法などがあるが、それらに限定されない。遺伝子チップ、DNAチップ、またはビオチップと通称されるDNAマイクロアレイは、固体表面(例えばガラス、プラスチック、シリコンチップ)に付着した微視的DNAスポットの集合でアレイを形成したもので、同時に数千個の遺伝子の発現プロファイル決定つまり発現レベルのモニタリングを行うことを目的とする。付着したDNAセグメントはプローブと呼ばれ、1つのDNAマイクロアレイで数千のプローブを使用できる。マイクロアレイ法は、疾患細胞と正常細胞の遺伝子発現を比較し、疾患遺伝子を同定するために利用できる。マイクロアレイには多様な作製方法があり、それにはスライドガラスに先が尖ったピンでプリントする方法、事前に作製したマスクを使うフォトリソグラフィ法、可動式マイクロミラーデバイスを使うフォトリソグラフィ法、インクジェットプリント、微小電極アレイでの電気化学的方法などが含まれるが、それらに限定されない。
検出の前または検出と同時に、FIG4核酸を増幅することができる。説明に役立つ非限定的な核酸増幅法としては、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応法(PCR)、逆転写ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応法(RT-PCR)、転写介在増幅法(TMA)、リガーゼ連鎖反応法(LCR)、鎖置換増幅法(SDA)、核酸配列ベース増幅法(NASBA)などがあるが、それらに限定されない。当業者の間では、特定の増幅法(例えばPCR)で、増幅に先立ちRNAをDNAに逆転写する必要がある(例えばRT-PCR)のに対し、他の増幅法では、RNAを直接増幅する(例えばTMAとNASBA)ことが認識されている。
未増幅または増幅後のFIG4核酸は、従来の手法で検出できる。例えば、核酸は検出を可能にするために標識したプローブとハイブリッドを形成させ、その結果生じたハイブリッドを測定することにより、検出できる。検出方法の説明に役立つ非限定的な例を以下に掲げる。
他の実施例において、FIG4ポリペプチドのバリアントが検出される(例えば例1で説明するものを含むが、それに限定されない)。以下に記述するものを含め、ただしそれらに限定せず、切り詰められたFIG4ポリペプチドまたは変異を起こしたFIG4ポリペプチドを検出するために、何らかの適切な方法を使うことができる。
例えば、一部の実施例では、Ambergen Inc.(Boston, MA) 製の無細胞翻訳系を使用する。Ambergen Inc.は放射性アミノ酸その他の放射性標識を使わずに、無細胞または細胞内の翻訳系で作られる新生タンパク質の標識、測定、分析、単離する手法を開発した。マーカーによるtRNA分子のアミノアシル化が起きる。潜在的マーカーとしては、未変性アミノ酸、非未変性アミノ酸、アミノ酸の相同体または派生物、化学部分などがある。翻訳中に、これらのマーカーは、上記反応によりミスアミノアシル化されたtRNAから、新生タンパク質に取り込まれる。
本発明のさらなる実施例において、抗体(抗体産生については後述)を使い、個人がFIG4ポリペプチドバリアントをコードする対立遺伝子を含むかどうかを決定する。好ましい実施例において、バリアント(切り詰められたタンパク質)と野生型のタンパク質を区別するために抗体を使用する。特に好ましい一部の実施例において、抗体はFIG4タンパク質のC末端に対して作られる。N末端により認識されるが、C末端抗体ではないタンパク質は切り詰められる。一部の実施例において、C末端とN末端の抗体結合比を求めるために、定量的免疫測定法を用いる。他の実施例において、FIG4のバリアントの同定は、野生型またはバリアントのFIG4タンパク質との間で差異のある結合をする抗体を用いて行う。
本発明は、ある個人が野生型またはバリアント(例えば変異または多型)のFIG4を持つか否かを決定するためのキットも提供する。一部の実施例において、キットは被験者におけるCMT4J発症の危険性の有無を決定するために役立つ。診断キットは多様な方法で作製される。一部の実施例において、キットは変異FIG4対立遺伝子またはタンパク質を特異的に検出するために有用であるか、必要であるか、十分である最低1種の試薬を含む。好ましい実施例において、キットはFIG4ポリペプチドにおける切り詰めを検出するための試薬を含む。好ましい実施例において、試薬は変異を含む核酸との間でハイブリッドを形成し、変異を含まない核酸とは結合しない核酸である。他の好ましい実施例において、試薬は変異を含むDNAの領域を増幅するためのプライマーである。さらに他の実施例において、試薬は野生型、切り詰め型、バリアントのいずれかのFIG4タンパク質と優先的に結合する抗体である。
例えば、一部の実施例において、検出アッセイ法により得た生データ(例えばある種のFIG4対立遺伝子またはポリペプチドの有無あるいは量)を、医師のための適中率データに読み換えるために、コンピュータによる分析プログラムを使用する。医師は適切な手段により、適中率データにアクセスすることができる。従って、一部の好ましい実施例において、本発明は遺伝学や分子生物学の訓練を受けていない医師が、生データを理解する必要がないという、さらなる利点を提供する。データは最も役立つ形式で、医師に対して直接提示される。その後、医師は直ちにその情報を利用し、患者の治療を最適化することができる。
本発明は単離した抗体または抗体断片(例えばFAB断片)を提供する。抗体はFIG4タンパク質の検出を可能にするために作製される。抗体は種々の免疫原を使い作製できる。ある実施例において、免疫原はヒトFIG4ペプチドであり、ヒトFIG4タンパク質を認識する抗体が作られる。そのような抗体には、モノクローナル、キメラ、単鎖、Fab断片、Fab発現ライブラリー、組み換え(例えばキメラ、ヒト化など)抗体が含まれるが、タンパク質を認識できる限りにおいて、それらに限定されない。従来の抗体または抗血清作製方法に従い、本発明のタンパク質を抗原として使い、抗体を作製することができる。
本発明はFIG4タンパク質の発現、産生、機能を変える遺伝子治療に適した方法と組成物も提供する。前述のように、本発明はヒトFIG4遺伝子を提供し、他の種からFIG4遺伝子を獲得する方法を提供する。従って、以下に記述する方法は、一般に多数の種にまたがり適用可能である。一部の実施例は、被験者にFIG4の野生型対立遺伝子(すなわち、FIG4疾患を起こす変異を含まない対立遺伝子)を提供することにより、遺伝子治療を行うことに関するものである。そのような治療を必要とする被験者は、前述の方法により特定される。
本発明では、外来性FIG4遺伝子およびその相同体、変異体、バリアントを含む遺伝子導入動物の作製を意図する。好ましい実施例において、遺伝子導入動物は野生型動物と比較し、変化した表現型を示す。一部の実施例において、変化した表現型では、野生型でのFIG4発現レベルと比較し、FIG4遺伝子のmRNAの過剰発現が見られる。他の実施例においては、変化した表現型で、野生型での内在性FIG4発現レベルと比較し、内在性FIG4遺伝子のmRNAの発現が低下する。一部の好ましい実施例において、遺伝子導入動物はFIG4の変異(例えば切り詰め)対立遺伝子を含む。そのような表現型の有無を分析する方法としては、ノーザンブロット法、mRNA保護アッセイ法、RT-PCR法などがある。他の実施例において、遺伝子導入マウスはFIG4遺伝子のノックアウト変異を持つ。好ましい実施例において、遺伝子導入動物はCMT4J病の表現型を示す。
以下の例は、本発明の特定の好ましい実施例および側面を実証し、さらに明確に説明するために提供するものであり、それにより本発明の範囲が限定されると解釈しないものとする。
A. 方法
実験動物。plt変異体は近交系4種、129/Ola、C57BL/6J、C3H、SJLの交雑に由来する混合系を背景とする(Adamska et al., Dev Dyn 233, 368-72 (2005))。遺伝子地図作成のために、plt/+ヘテロ接合体をCAST/Ei系と交雑させた(Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME)。実験動物はNIHのガイドラインに従い飼育した。
4近交系間の遺伝的交雑を用いる試験中に、重度の振戦、異常な歩行、薄い色素沈着を示す変異マウスが検出された。1繁殖対から25%の発症した子孫が生じ(8/30)、現在pale tremor(plt)と命名されている新しい変異の常染色体劣性遺伝と一致する。発症した動物は、薄い色素沈着と小さいサイズにより、生後3日目に認識できる(図1a)。生後第2週に企図振戦が始まり、生後第3週までに、発症した動物は異常な四肢の向きを示す(図1b)。進行性の運動能力失調と体重減少が、マウスの早期致死を引き起こす。
Claims (10)
- 被験体由来のFIG4遺伝子を含む試料をアッセイして、FIG4遺伝子の変異の有無を決定する段階
を含む、被験体のFIG4遺伝子バリアントを検出する方法であって、
該変異が、D348fsX359切り詰め型変異およびG253fsX261切り詰め型変異からなる群から選択されるFIG4ポリペプチドの変異を生じ、該変異の存在が、FIG4遺伝子がFIG4遺伝子バリアントであることを示す、前記方法。 - 前記変異が、D348fsX359切り詰め型変異を生じる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記変異が、G253fsX261切り詰め型変異を生じる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 試料が、血液試料、組織試料、尿試料、DNA試料、および羊水試料からなる群から選択される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 被験体が、胚、胎児、動物の新生仔、および若年動物からなる群から選択される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 動物がヒトである、請求項5記載の方法。
- アッセイ段階が、直接配列決定アッセイ法、断片多型アッセイ法、ハイブリダイゼーションアッセイ法、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1記載の方法。
- アッセイ段階が、核酸配列決定、核酸ハイブリダイゼーション、核酸増幅、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記変異がホモ接合変異である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記変異がヘテロ接合変異である、請求項1記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US92627607P | 2007-04-26 | 2007-04-26 | |
US60/926,276 | 2007-04-26 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010506528A Division JP5391192B2 (ja) | 2007-04-26 | 2008-04-25 | 神経変性におけるfig4遺伝子変異 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015205190A Division JP6118874B2 (ja) | 2007-04-26 | 2015-10-19 | 神経変性におけるfig4遺伝子変異 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2014076050A JP2014076050A (ja) | 2014-05-01 |
JP5827982B2 true JP5827982B2 (ja) | 2015-12-02 |
Family
ID=39926092
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010506528A Active JP5391192B2 (ja) | 2007-04-26 | 2008-04-25 | 神経変性におけるfig4遺伝子変異 |
JP2013213639A Active JP5827982B2 (ja) | 2007-04-26 | 2013-10-11 | 神経変性におけるfig4遺伝子変異 |
JP2015205190A Active JP6118874B2 (ja) | 2007-04-26 | 2015-10-19 | 神経変性におけるfig4遺伝子変異 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010506528A Active JP5391192B2 (ja) | 2007-04-26 | 2008-04-25 | 神経変性におけるfig4遺伝子変異 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015205190A Active JP6118874B2 (ja) | 2007-04-26 | 2015-10-19 | 神経変性におけるfig4遺伝子変異 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US9365899B2 (ja) |
JP (3) | JP5391192B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2698117C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008134539A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008134539A1 (en) | 2007-04-26 | 2008-11-06 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Fig4 gene mutations in neurodegeneration |
US10260098B2 (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2019-04-16 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | FIG4 gene mutations in neurodegeneration |
JP6584414B2 (ja) | 2013-12-30 | 2019-10-02 | キュアバック アーゲー | 人工核酸分子 |
EP3415629A1 (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2018-12-19 | CureVac AG | Artificial nucleic acid molecules |
JP6378529B2 (ja) * | 2014-04-28 | 2018-08-22 | 国立大学法人 鹿児島大学 | 遺伝性疾患の検出方法 |
KR102393885B1 (ko) | 2014-06-27 | 2022-05-02 | 앤지오크린 바이오사이언스 인코포레이티드 | 아데노바이러스 e4orf1을 발현하는 신경 세포 및 그 제조 방법과 용도 |
EP3631762B1 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2021-12-01 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Systems and methods to provide confidence values as a measure of quantitative assurance for iteratively reconstructed images in emission tomography |
US20210371837A1 (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2021-12-02 | The University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill | Optimized fig4 genes and expression cassettes and their use |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6582908B2 (en) * | 1990-12-06 | 2003-06-24 | Affymetrix, Inc. | Oligonucleotides |
US5714325A (en) * | 1993-09-24 | 1998-02-03 | New England Medical Center Hospitals | Prenatal diagnosis by isolation of fetal granulocytes from maternal blood |
US5550020A (en) * | 1994-07-08 | 1996-08-27 | Visible Genetics Inc. | Method, reagents and kit for diagnosis and targeted screening for retinoblastoma |
JP2002345489A (ja) * | 2000-11-03 | 2002-12-03 | Astrazeneca Ab | 化学物質 |
US7273698B2 (en) | 2000-12-13 | 2007-09-25 | Baylor College Of Medicine | Defects in periaxin associated with myelinopathies |
US20030092019A1 (en) * | 2001-01-09 | 2003-05-15 | Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods and compositions for diagnosing and treating neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia |
EP1637612A1 (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-22 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH | Association of protein polymorphisms with coronary heart disease |
US7504227B2 (en) * | 2004-10-20 | 2009-03-17 | University Of Washington | Drug targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders |
US20060270727A1 (en) * | 2005-05-03 | 2006-11-30 | Christian Melander | Small molecule therapeutics and uses therefor |
WO2008134539A1 (en) | 2007-04-26 | 2008-11-06 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Fig4 gene mutations in neurodegeneration |
-
2008
- 2008-04-25 WO PCT/US2008/061616 patent/WO2008134539A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-04-25 US US12/597,539 patent/US9365899B2/en active Active
- 2008-04-25 CA CA2698117A patent/CA2698117C/en active Active
- 2008-04-25 JP JP2010506528A patent/JP5391192B2/ja active Active
-
2013
- 2013-10-11 JP JP2013213639A patent/JP5827982B2/ja active Active
-
2015
- 2015-10-19 JP JP2015205190A patent/JP6118874B2/ja active Active
-
2016
- 2016-05-12 US US15/152,608 patent/US10260100B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20100143255A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
JP2014076050A (ja) | 2014-05-01 |
JP6118874B2 (ja) | 2017-04-19 |
CA2698117C (en) | 2019-02-26 |
US20160319356A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
US10260100B2 (en) | 2019-04-16 |
JP2016025868A (ja) | 2016-02-12 |
WO2008134539A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
JP2010525819A (ja) | 2010-07-29 |
US9365899B2 (en) | 2016-06-14 |
JP5391192B2 (ja) | 2014-01-15 |
CA2698117A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6118874B2 (ja) | 神経変性におけるfig4遺伝子変異 | |
JP5123936B2 (ja) | 認知症の検出および治療 | |
Kapoor et al. | An idiopathic epilepsy syndrome linked to 3q13. 3‐q21 and missense mutations in the extracellular calcium sensing receptor gene | |
US20100136565A1 (en) | Compositions and Methods for Diagnosing Autism | |
US9758832B2 (en) | Compositions for diagnosing episodic movement disorders and related conditions | |
JP2011006422A (ja) | Cntf遺伝子多型に基づく、精神病および統合失調症の処置方法 | |
CA2569083A1 (en) | Detecting disease association with aberrant glycogen synthase kinase 3.beta. expression | |
US7488576B2 (en) | Methods for diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders | |
Barthélémy et al. | D-loop mutations in mitochondrial DNA: link with mitochondrial DNA depletion? | |
JP2008532494A (ja) | キナーゼをコード化するヒトの自閉症感受性遺伝子の使用 | |
JP5539236B2 (ja) | Fig4遺伝子変異を利用する方法 | |
JP4324472B2 (ja) | アトラスチン | |
US20190033329A1 (en) | Methods and compositions for detecting and treating schizophrenia | |
JP2008537486A (ja) | 膜貫通タンパク質をコード化するヒトの自閉症感受性遺伝子およびその使用 | |
US6869768B2 (en) | Association between the acid phosphatase (ACP1) gene and Alzheimer's disease | |
JP2004267090A (ja) | アレルギー性疾患の検査方法 | |
JP2006509519A (ja) | 肥満の診断の方法 | |
Wilkinson | A clinical, genetic and biochemical study of hereditary spastic paraplegia | |
Lee | Identification and expression patterns of Prader-Willi syndrome candidate genes: implications for mouse models and human phenotypes | |
Al-Chalabi | Genetic Risk Factors in Amytrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20150126 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20150422 |
|
RD04 | Notification of resignation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424 Effective date: 20150519 |
|
RD04 | Notification of resignation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424 Effective date: 20150520 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20150917 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20151019 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5827982 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |