JP5825438B2 - Injection type air battery and injection type card ridge type air battery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an injection type air battery and an injection type cartridge type air battery.

As this type of prior art, there is a configuration disclosed in Patent Document 1 under the name of “water injection type air battery”.
The water-injected air battery disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a porous anode subjected to waterproofing, a zinc cathode disposed outside the anode, a battery case incorporating the zinc cathode and the anode, And a solid electrolyte disposed between the anode and the zinc cathode, and the reaction surface of the anode is covered with the solid electrolyte.
In addition to those using a calcined carbon anode or an unfired carbon anode as the above-mentioned anode, those using a zinc cathode covered with a solid electrolyte as a zinc cathode are described.

Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 62-47348

  The water injection type air battery disclosed in Patent Document 1 uses a solid electrolyte to maintain the electrode and the electrolyte at a certain distance, and avoids contact between the electrode and the electrolyte during unused and maintenance. This prevents the chemical action on the electrode caused by. However, even if it is a solid electrolyte depending on the atmosphere, when deliquescence or the like occurs, there is a risk of contact with the electrode and deterioration of the electrode.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid injection type air battery and a liquid injection type cartridge air battery that can prevent electrode deterioration while having a simple configuration.

  An injection-type air battery according to the present invention for solving the above problems includes an electrolyte storage container that stores an electrolyte, and a liquid storage container that stores a liquid for mixing with the electrolyte to generate an electrolyte. And an air battery forming body that generates electric power by injecting an electrolytic solution obtained by mixing and producing the electrolyte and the liquid, and the electrolyte storage container is disposed in the liquid storage container. The container and the air battery forming body are communicated with each other when the electrolytic solution is generated or injected.

  In this configuration, the electrolyte storage container, the liquid storage container, and the air battery forming body are communicated with each other when generating or injecting the electrolyte, thereby mixing the electrolyte in the electrolyte storage container and the liquid in the storage container to perform electrolysis. A liquid is generated, and the generated electrolyte is injected into the air battery forming body to generate power.

An injection type cartridge type air battery according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is formed by separately forming the above-described air battery forming body, a liquid storage container and an electrolyte storage container, and two or more air A liquid storage container and an electrolyte storage container are arranged in a cartridge box of a size that accommodates the battery forming body so as to communicate with the air battery forming body attached to the cartridge box.
In this configuration, the air battery forming body is attached to the cartridge box, and the electrolyte in the electrolyte storage container and the liquid in the liquid storage container are mixed to generate an electrolytic solution, and the generated electrolytic solution is injected into the air battery forming body. To generate electricity.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the electrode while having a simple configuration.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 shows a liquid injection type air battery according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein (A) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state before starting injection, and (B) starts injection. The schematic sectional drawing which shows a back state, (C) is a schematic sectional drawing of the state which has injected the electrolyte solution into the air battery formation body. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air battery which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air battery which concerns on 3rd embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air cell which concerns on 4th embodiment. (A) is schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air battery which concerns on 5th embodiment, (B) is schematic sectional drawing when pressing a liquid storage container, (C) press-deforms a liquid storage container. (D) is a schematic cross-sectional view when the storage container is finished being pressed and deformed. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air cell which concerns on 6th embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air cell which concerns on 7th embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air cell which concerns on 8th embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air cell which concerns on 9th embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air cell which concerns on 10th embodiment. (A) is a schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air battery which concerns on 11th embodiment, (B) is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the state which perforates an electrolyte storage container with a puncture member. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air cell which concerns on 12th embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air cell which concerns on 13th embodiment.

  EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, the form for implementing this invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings. FIG. 1 shows a liquid injection type air battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state before liquid injection is started. The schematic sectional drawing which shows the state after starting a liquid, (C) is a schematic sectional drawing of the state which has inject | poured electrolyte solution to the air battery formation body.

  The injection type air battery A1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes an air battery forming body 10, a liquid storage container 20, and an electrolyte storage container 30, and these electrolyte storage container 30, liquid storage container 20 and air battery. The formed bodies 10 are made to communicate with each other when the electrolytic solution c is generated or injected, and the details thereof are as follows.

First, the air battery forming body 10 generates power by injecting the electrolytic solution c, and has a configuration in which the power generation unit B is accommodated in the container 11.
The body 11 is formed by standing up side walls along three side edges of the bottom wall 12 which is square in plan view, and has one side surface 13 opened.
A liquid storage container 20 is connected to the side surface 13 via an electrolyte storage container 30.

The electrolyte storage container 30 stores only the electrolyte a, and the mixing unit 40 is disposed at the boundary with the liquid storage container 20.
The mixing unit 40 mixes the electrolyte a in the electrolyte storage container 30 and the liquid b in the liquid storage container 20 and allows the mixed electrolytic solution c to flow into the air battery forming body 10. Is.
“Liquid” is for generating the electrolytic solution c, and in the present embodiment, “water” will be described as an example, and “liquid” will be referred to as “water” below.

  In the present embodiment, check valves 41 and 42 are disposed between the liquid storage container 20 and the electrolyte storage container 30 and between the side surface 13 and the electrolyte storage container 30, respectively. The liquid storage container 20 is opened by an increase in internal pressure due to pressure deformation.

The liquid storage container 20 can store a required amount of water, and is made of, for example, a resin such as polypropylene or polyethylene and can be deformed by the action of a predetermined external pressure.
The power generation unit B has a configuration in which a protective layer 50, a water repellent layer 51, a positive electrode layer 52, an electrolyte layer 53, and a negative electrode layer 54 are laminated in order.

An operation when the air battery forming body 10 generates power will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1 (A), until the liquid storage container 20 is pressed, the electrolyte a is held by the check valve 41 so as not to contact the water in the liquid storage container 20.
When power generation is to be performed, the liquid storage container 20 is pressed. As a result of this pressing, the liquid storage container 20 is deformed to increase the internal pressure, and the check valve 41 is opened as shown in FIG. 5B, so that the liquid storage container 20 and the electrolyte storage container 30 communicate with each other. The valve 42 is also opened, and the electrolyte storage container 30 and the air battery forming body 10 are in communication with each other.

When the check valve 41 is opened, the water b flowing out from the liquid storage container 20 is mixed with the electrolyte a in the electrolyte storage container 30 to become an electrolytic solution c. Flow into.
The electrolyte c flowing into the vessel body 10 quickly diffuses and penetrates the entire power generation unit B, thereby starting power generation in the air battery forming body 10.

  According to the liquid injection type air battery A1 having the above configuration, the electrolyte a and the water b can be separated from each other until the power generation is started. The rate can be improved.

  In the present embodiment, the water b is used as an example for the production of the electrolytic solution c. However, the liquid c is not necessarily water, and is a liquid that can be mixed with the electrolyte a to form the electrolytic solution c of the air battery. I just need it.

  Examples include non-aqueous electrolytes such as propylene carbonate, dimethoxyethane, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, ethylene carbonate, and ethyl methyl carbonate, and ionic liquids such as N-methyl-N-propylpiperidinium / bistrifluoromethanesulfonylamide. . The same applies to each embodiment described below.

  With reference to FIGS. 2-4, the injection type air cell which concerns on 2nd-4th embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the injection-type air battery according to the second embodiment, FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the injection-type air battery according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a fourth embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air battery which concerns on a form. In addition, about the thing equivalent to what was demonstrated in embodiment mentioned above, the code | symbol same as them is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

The liquid injection type air battery A <b> 2 according to the second embodiment has a configuration in which the electrolyte storage container 30 is connected to the air battery forming body 10 via the liquid storage container 20.
Also in this embodiment, the check valve 41 is disposed between the liquid storage container 20 and the electrolyte storage container 30, and the check valve 42 is disposed between the electrolyte storage container 30 and the side surface 13. ing.

The liquid injection type air battery A3 according to the third embodiment has a configuration in which a liquid storage container 20 is disposed above the power generation unit B and an electrolyte storage container 30 is disposed on the side surface 13 of the vessel body 11. Is.
In this case, a check valve 41 is disposed between the liquid storage container 20 and the electrolyte storage container 30, and a check valve 42 is disposed between the side surface 13 and the electrolyte storage container 20.

The injection type air battery A4 according to the fourth embodiment is formed by separately forming the electrolyte storage container 30 and the storage container 20 ′ from the air battery forming body 10, and in this embodiment, The electrolyte storage container 30 and the liquid storage container 20 are integrally formed.
The liquid storage container 20 ′ has a configuration in which liquid is injected as necessary, and has a configuration in which an upper side thereof is opened.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 5-8, the injection type air battery which concerns on 5th-8th embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 5 (A) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the injection type air battery according to the fifth embodiment, (B) is a schematic cross-sectional view when pressing the liquid storage container, and (C) is a liquid storage container. (D) is a schematic cross-sectional view when the storage container is finished being pressed and deformed. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid injection type air battery according to the sixth embodiment, FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid injection type air battery according to the seventh embodiment, and FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air battery which concerns on this embodiment. In addition, about the thing equivalent to what was demonstrated in either embodiment mentioned above, the code | symbol same as them is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the injection type air battery A <b> 5 according to the fifth embodiment has a configuration in which an electrolyte storage container 30 is disposed in a liquid storage container 20, and in this embodiment, electrolyte storage is performed. The container 30 is disposed on the side surface 13 of the container body 10.

  In this configuration, a check valve 41 is provided on the side wall 30 b of the electrolyte storage container 30, and a check valve 42 is provided between the side surface 13 and the electrolyte storage container 20. The check valve 41 may be disposed on the side wall 30b.

An operation when the air battery forming body 10 generates power will be described.
As shown in FIG. 5A, until the liquid storage container 20 is pressed, the electrolyte a is held by the check valve 41 so as not to contact the water b in the liquid storage container 20.
When power generation is to be performed, the liquid storage container 20 is pressed as shown in FIG.

  When the liquid storage container 20 is pressed, the liquid storage container 20 is deformed to increase the internal pressure and the check valve 41 of the electrolyte storage container 30 is opened, as shown in FIG. The electrolyte storage container 30 communicates.

  By the communication, the water b in the liquid storage container 20 and the electrolyte a in the electrolyte storage container 30 are mixed to generate an electrolytic solution c, and as shown in FIG. It is opened and communicates with the electrolyte storage container 30 and the air battery forming body 10, and the mixed electrolytic solution c flows into the air battery forming body 10 to start power generation.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the liquid injection type air battery A <b> 6 according to the sixth embodiment has a configuration in which the electrolyte storage container 30 is disposed in the liquid storage container 20. However, in the present embodiment, the electrolyte storage container 30 is disposed on the side wall 20 a facing the side surface 13.

  In this configuration, a check valve 41 is provided on the upper wall 30 a of the electrolyte storage container 30, and a check valve 42 is provided between the side surface 13 and the electrolyte storage container 20. Note that the check valve 41 may be disposed on the side wall 30b, as described above.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the liquid injection type air battery A <b> 7 according to the seventh embodiment has a configuration in which the electrolyte storage container 30 is disposed in the liquid storage container 20. Although it is the same as A5 and A6, in this embodiment, the electrolyte storage container 30 is arrange | positioned in the intermediate part of the bottom wall 20b of the liquid storage container 20. FIG.

  In this configuration, a check valve 41 is provided on the upper wall 30 a of the electrolyte storage container 30, and a check valve 42 is provided between the side surface 13 and the electrolyte storage container 20. Note that the check valve 41 may be disposed on the side wall 30b or the side wall 30c in the same manner as described above.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the liquid injection type air battery A <b> 8 according to the eighth embodiment includes four air battery forming bodies 10 ′ formed in a circular shape in plan view having the same shape and the same size, and these air battery forming bodies. A liquid storage container 20 'and an electrolyte storage container 30' equivalent to those described above are disposed inside 10 '.

  The four air battery forming bodies 10 ′ hold the required gap S from each other and are stacked coaxially with the axis O as the center. A container 20 ′ and an electrolyte storage container 30 ′ are disposed.

  In addition, it is not restricted to the structure which provided the common liquid storage container 20 'and electrolyte storage container 30' in the four air battery formation bodies 10 ', but each liquid storage battery body 10' and liquid storage container 20 'and electrolyte storage are each provided. You may make it the structure which provided container 30 'separately.

The liquid storage container 20 ′ is formed in a vertically long cylindrical shape, and an electrolyte storage container 30 ′ having the same vertically long cylindrical shape is coaxially provided therein.
An electromagnetic on / off valve 60 is disposed between the side surface 13 'of each air battery forming body 10' and the side wall of the liquid storage container 20 ', and each of the electromagnetic on / off valves 60 is driven to open by a controller (not shown). It has come to be.
By opening the electromagnetic on-off valve 60 by the controller, the electrolyte a and the water b can be mixed at a desired timing.

  According to the liquid injection type air batteries A5 to A8 according to the fifth to eighth embodiments described above, in addition to the above-described effects, the electrolyte storage containers 30 and 30 'are not easily subjected to impact from the outside, and the electrolyte is a strong alkali. In this case, since the electrolytic solution or the electrolyte is difficult to leak to the outside, corrosion of the peripheral members can be avoided.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 9, 10, the liquid injection type air cell which concerns on 9th-10th embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid injection type air battery according to the ninth embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid injection type air battery according to the tenth embodiment.

  The liquid injection type air battery A9 according to the ninth embodiment has an electromagnetic open / close valve 60 disposed between the liquid storage container 20 and the electrolyte storage container 30 in the same configuration as that described in FIG. The electromagnetic on-off valve 60 is driven to open by a controller (not shown).

The liquid injection type air battery A10 according to the tenth embodiment is configured by disposing an electromagnetic opening / closing valve 60 between the liquid storage container 20 and the electrolyte storage container 30 in the same configuration as that described in FIG. The electromagnetic on-off valve 60 is driven to open by a controller (not shown).
According to the liquid injection type air batteries A9 and A10 according to the ninth and tenth embodiments described above, in addition to the above-described effects, the electromagnetic open / close valve 60 is driven to open by the controller, so that the electrolyte a And water b can be mixed.

FIG. 11A is a schematic cross-sectional view of an injection type air battery according to the eleventh embodiment, and FIG. 11B is a diagram illustrating a case where an electrolyte storage container forming a part of the injection type air battery is punched by a puncture member. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows a state.
In addition, about the thing equivalent to what was demonstrated in each embodiment mentioned above, the code | symbol same as them is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The injection type air battery A11 according to the eleventh embodiment has a configuration equivalent to that described with reference to FIG. 8, and the storage battery 20 'and the storage wall 30' are disposed between the upper walls of the storage container 20 '. A puncture member 70 for penetrating and perforating the electrolyte storage container 30 'by deforming the liquid container 20 is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the puncture member 70 is disposed between the liquid storage container 20 ′ and the electrolyte storage container 30 ′, and its base (upper part in the drawing) is formed on the inner surface of the upper wall of the liquid storage container 20 ′. A fixed and sharp tip (lower part in the figure) is opposed to the electrolyte storage container 30 '.

In this case, by pressing and deforming the liquid storage container 20 ′, the puncture member 70 is pierced into the upper wall of the electrolyte storage container 30 ′, and the upper wall is perforated. Thereby, the water b in the liquid storage container 20 ′ and the electrolyte a in the electrolyte storage container 30 ′ are mixed to generate the electrolytic solution c.
By providing the puncture member 70 described above, the electrolytic solution c can be mixed and generated more reliably than, for example, the embodiment A7 shown in FIG. The puncture member 70 can be similarly arranged with respect to the embodiments A1 to A7 shown in FIGS.

  FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view of a liquid injection type air battery according to the twelfth embodiment. In addition, about the thing equivalent to what was demonstrated in embodiment mentioned above, the code | symbol same as them is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The liquid injection type air battery A12 according to the twelfth embodiment has the same configuration as that shown in FIG. 5, and in this embodiment, the inner wall surface 13 of the air battery forming body 10 and the electrolyte storage container 30, an electrolytic solution stirring unit 80 for stirring the generated electrolytic solution is disposed.

The electrolyte solution stirring unit 80 is, for example, a diffuser, a filter, or a blade for stirring, and by these, the electrolyte solution flowing into the air battery forming body 10 is stirred to promote dissolution of the electrolyte.
Thereby, while being able to dissolve electrolyte solution more rapidly, the nonuniformity of electrolyte solution can be suppressed and the discharge loss by discharge nonuniformity can be reduced.
In addition, the electrolyte solution stirring part 80 can be similarly arranged with respect to the embodiments A1 to A4, A6, and A7 shown in FIGS.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 13, the injection type | mold air battery which concerns on 13th embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 13: is a schematic sectional drawing of the injection type air cell which concerns on 13th embodiment. In addition, about the thing equivalent to what was demonstrated in embodiment mentioned above, the code | symbol same as them is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The liquid injection type air battery A13 according to the thirteenth embodiment is arranged in five air battery forming bodies 10, cartridge boxes 90, five liquid storage containers 20 and the respective liquid storage containers 20 equivalent to those described above. It has an electrolyte storage container 30 provided.

The cartridge box 90 is sized to accommodate the five air battery forming bodies 10 and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with one side surface 90a opened.
The liquid storage container 20 and the electrolyte storage container 30 are integrally fixed to a wall surface 90 b facing the one side surface 90 a of the cartridge box 90.

  In this configuration, the air battery forming body 10 is connected to the electrolyte storage container 30 when used. By this connection, the water b in the liquid storage container 20 and the electrolyte a in the electrolyte storage container 30 are mixed to generate an electrolytic solution.

  In this configuration, the liquid storage container 20 and the electrolyte storage container 30 are disposed in the cartridge box 90, so that they can be easily carried and can be reduced in size and weight.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the following modifications can be made.
As described above in detail, in any case, each configuration described in each of the above embodiments is not limited to being applied only to each of the above embodiments, but the configuration described in one embodiment is replaced by another embodiment. It can be applied mutatis mutandis or applied to it, and it can be arbitrarily combined.

10, 10 'Air battery forming body 20, 20' Liquid storage container 30, 30 'Electrolyte storage container 41, 42 Check valve (mixing part)
60 Solenoid valve (mixing part)
70 Puncture member 80 Electrolyte stirring part 90 Cartridge boxes A1 to A12 Injection type air battery A13 Injection type cartridge air battery a Electrolyte b Water (liquid)
c Electrolyte

Claims (7)

An electrolyte storage container for storing electrolyte; and
A liquid storage container for storing a liquid to be mixed with the electrolyte to generate an electrolytic solution;
An air battery forming body that generates electricity by being injected with an electrolytic solution obtained by mixing the electrolyte and the liquid,
An electrolyte storage container is disposed in the liquid storage container,
An injection type air battery characterized in that an electrolyte storage container, a liquid storage container, and an air battery forming body are communicated with each other when an electrolyte is generated or injected.   The injection type air battery according to claim 1, further comprising a mixing unit for mixing the electrolyte in the electrolyte storage container and the liquid in the liquid storage container.   The liquid injection type air battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mixing unit is an electromagnetic on-off valve disposed between the liquid storage container and the electrolyte storage container.   The liquid injection type air according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 4, wherein the mixing portion is a check valve disposed between the liquid storage container and the electrolyte storage container and opened by deformation of the liquid storage container. battery. An electrolyte storage container is disposed in the liquid storage container,
3. The liquid injection type air battery according to claim 1, wherein the mixing unit is a puncture member that is disposed between the liquid storage container and the electrolyte storage container and is used to puncture the electrolyte storage container by deformation of the liquid storage container.   The liquid injection type air battery according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 4 to 6, wherein an electrolyte solution agitation unit for agitating the electrolyte solution fed to the air battery forming body is provided. The air battery forming body according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4 to 7, the liquid storage container and the electrolyte storage container are formed separately,
A liquid storage container and an electrolyte storage container are disposed in a cartridge box of a size that accommodates two or more air battery forming bodies so as to communicate with the air battery forming body attached to the cartridge box. Injection type card ridge type air battery.

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