JP5824417B2 - Insecticide for cereals and dry matter and pesticidal composition for cereals and dry matter - Google Patents
Insecticide for cereals and dry matter and pesticidal composition for cereals and dry matter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5824417B2 JP5824417B2 JP2012123913A JP2012123913A JP5824417B2 JP 5824417 B2 JP5824417 B2 JP 5824417B2 JP 2012123913 A JP2012123913 A JP 2012123913A JP 2012123913 A JP2012123913 A JP 2012123913A JP 5824417 B2 JP5824417 B2 JP 5824417B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- dry matter
- cereals
- pests
- insecticide
- grain
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
本発明は、米等の穀物や乾物の貯蔵の際に用いられる穀物・乾物用防虫剤および穀物・乾物用防虫剤組成物に関し、詳しくは、一般家庭においても手軽に使用でき、かつ、人体に対して安全な、穀物・乾物用防虫剤および穀物・乾物用防虫剤組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to a cereal / dry matter insecticide and a cereal / dry matter insecticide composition used for storage of cereals and dry matter such as rice, and more specifically, it can be easily used in general households and is used in the human body. The present invention relates to a pesticidal agent for cereals and dry matter and a pesticidal composition for cereals and dry matter, which are safe against the above.
従来より、穀物倉庫内で保管されている米、小麦、大麦、豆類や、一般家庭において保管されている米、小麦粉、豆類等の穀物あるいは、パスタ、煮干し、鰹節、ふ、かんぴょう等の乾物（以下「穀物類」という）にはコクゾウ、ココクゾウ、ノシメマダラメイガ等の害虫（以下「穀物類害虫」という）が繁殖し、穀物類に被害を及ぼすという問題点があった。 Conventionally, grains such as rice, wheat, barley, and beans stored in grain warehouses, rice, flour, and beans stored in ordinary households, or dried foods such as pasta, boiled, dried bonito, rice cake, and kanpyo (Hereinafter referred to as “cereals”) has been problematic in that pests (hereinafter referred to as “cereals pests”) such as kokuzou, kokukuzo and noshimemadaragae propagate and cause damage to the grains.
このような穀物類害虫の被害を防止するために、穀物倉庫では倉庫内をリン化アルミニウム、ホスフィンなどの燻蒸剤により燻蒸し、低温で貯蔵する方法が行われている。また、他にも農薬成分やピレスロイド系化合物を散布することが行われている。ところが、従来主に燻蒸処理に広く使われてきた臭化メチルは、１９９２年に国連よりオゾン層破壊物質として指定され、２００５年までに先進国での使用を全廃することがモントリオール議定書締結会議により決定されたことで、２００５年に日本国内での使用が原則禁止されている。 In order to prevent such damage caused by grains and pests, grain warehouses are fumigated with a fumigant such as aluminum phosphide or phosphine and stored at a low temperature. In addition, agrochemical components and pyrethroid compounds are sprayed. However, according to the Montreal Protocol Conclusion Conference, methyl bromide, which has been widely used mainly for fumigation, was designated as an ozone-depleting substance by the United Nations in 1992 and will be completely abolished in developed countries by 2005. As a result, the use in Japan is prohibited in 2005.
一方、穀物類の流通段階や、一般家庭における穀物類の貯蔵に対しては、上記のような穀物倉庫でおこなわれているような方法はコスト、設備、安全性の点で困難であるのが現状である。また、上記穀物類は食品であるために、特に使用する薬剤の安全性に関しては十分な考慮が必要である。 On the other hand, the method used in the grain warehouse as described above is difficult in terms of cost, equipment, and safety for the grain distribution stage and grain storage in general households. Currently. Moreover, since the said cereals are foodstuffs, sufficient consideration is required especially regarding the safety | security of the chemical | medical agent to be used.
そこで、近年では、一般家庭でも簡単に穀物類害虫の被害を防止できる防虫剤が種々提案されており、たとえば、赤唐辛子、わさび、カラシ、ショウガ、ニンニクなどを使用した米用の防虫剤が市販されている。 In recent years, therefore, various insect repellents have been proposed that can easily prevent the damage of grain pests even in ordinary households. For example, insect repellents for rice using red pepper, wasabi, mustard, ginger, garlic, etc. are commercially available. Has been.
また、通気性容器にアリシン成分及びカプサイシン成分を含む香辛料成分を収容し、この容器を米と一緒に米びつや米包装袋などの米容器内に収容する米の品質保存剤（特許文献１）や、有効成分として天然物由来のティートリーオイル及び／又はパインオイルを含有してなるコクゾウムシ忌避剤（特許文献２）も提案されている。 Moreover, the quality preservation agent of the rice (patent document 1) which stores the spice ingredient containing an allicin ingredient and a capsaicin ingredient in a breathable container, and stores this container with rice in rice containers, such as a rice bin and a rice packaging bag, Also, a weevil repellent (Patent Document 2) comprising tea tree oil and / or pine oil derived from natural products as an active ingredient has been proposed.
これらの防虫剤は、天然物もしくは食品に用いられている薬剤を使用しているため、安全性については問題ないが、穀物害虫に対しての効果が低く、十分な防虫効力が得られないのが現状である。更に、ワサビやニンニクなどを使用した防虫剤は強いニオイを有する場合があり、このニオイが穀物に移ってしまうという問題もあった。 These insect repellents use chemicals used in natural products or foods, so there is no problem with safety, but they are not effective against grain pests and do not have sufficient insect repellent effect. Is the current situation. Furthermore, insect repellents using wasabi, garlic, and the like may have strong odors, and there is a problem that the odors are transferred to grains.
ところで、本出願人は穀物・乾物用防虫剤に関して研究を重ねており、既に、炭素数１〜１０のアルコールの一種又は二種以上を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする穀物・乾物用防虫剤（特許文献３）、セージ、ローズマリー、バジル、キャラウェー、ユーカリ、シトロネラ、アニス、オレンジまたはラベンダーから得られる精油の一種又は二種以上を有効成分として含有する穀物・乾物用防虫剤（特許文献４）、テルペン系化合物の１種又は２種以上を含有する穀物・乾物用防虫剤（特許文献５）、カリオフィレン、オイゲノール、メチルチャビコール、メチルシンナメート、ｐ−サイメンから選ばれる化合物の１種もしくは２種以上を有効成分として含有する穀物・乾物用防虫剤（特許文献６）、ナツメグ、アニススター、シナモン、レモングラス、クミンの抽出物若しくは精油又はクミンアルデヒド若しくは１,８−シネオールの１種もしくは２種以上を有効成分として含有する穀物・乾物用防虫剤（特許文献７）等を提案している。 By the way, the present applicant has repeated research on insecticides for cereals and dry matter, and already contains one or more kinds of alcohols having 1 to 10 carbon atoms as active ingredients. (Patent document 3), sage, rosemary, basil, caraway, eucalyptus, citronella, anise, orange, or one or more essential oils obtained from lavender as active ingredients Document 4), 1 of compounds selected from cereal and dry insect repellents (Patent Document 5), caryophyllene, eugenol, methylchavicol, methylcinnamate, p-cymene, containing one or more terpene compounds Insecticide for grains and dry matter containing two or more seeds as active ingredients (Patent Document 6), nutmeg, anise star, cinnamo Proposes lemongrass, cumin extract or essential oil or cuminaldehyde or 1,8 one or two or more as an active ingredient grain, dry protectant agent cineole (Patent Document 7), and the like.
しかしながら、より優れた効果や、優れた安全性、使用性を有する穀物・乾物用防虫剤の開発はなお重要であり、その推進が求められている。 However, the development of insecticides for cereals and dry matter having more excellent effects, excellent safety and usability is still important, and the promotion thereof is required.
従って、本発明は、一般家庭でも使用でき、安全であり、しかも従来使用されている香辛料や植物成分等よりも強力な防虫効力を有する穀物・乾物用防虫剤や、穀物・乾物害虫用防虫剤組成物の開発を目的とするものである。 Therefore, the present invention can be used in general households, is safe, and has a stronger insect repellent effect than the conventionally used spices and plant ingredients, etc., and an insect repellent for grains and dry pests. The purpose is to develop a composition.
本発明者は、上記問題点を解決するため、従来、穀物類害虫に対する作用が報告されていなかった植物について、その防虫作用を検索していたところ、青唐辛子が穀物類害虫に対し優れた防虫効力を有することを見いだし、本発明に至った。 In order to solve the above problems, the present inventor has been searching for an insecticidal action for a plant that has not been reported to be effective against cereal pests. It has been found to have efficacy and has led to the present invention.
すなわち本発明は、青唐辛子を有効成分として含有する穀物・乾物害虫用防虫剤穀物・乾物害虫用防虫剤を提供するものである。 That is, the present invention provides a cereal / dry matter insect repellent containing a green pepper as an active ingredient.
また本発明は、青唐辛子とそれ以外の穀物害虫防除成分を配合してなる穀物・乾物害虫用防虫剤組成物を提供するものである。 The present invention also provides an insecticide composition for cereals and dry matter pests comprising green pepper and other cereal pest control ingredients.
更に本発明は、穀物類保存容器内に、上記穀物・乾物害虫用防虫剤または穀物・乾物害虫用防虫剤組成物を適用することを特徴とする穀物・乾物用害虫の防虫方法を提供するものである。 Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for controlling pests for cereals and dry matter, wherein the insecticide for cereals / dry matter pests or the insecticide composition for cereals / dry matter pests is applied to a grain storage container. It is.
本発明の穀物・乾物用防虫剤（以下「防虫剤」という）や、穀物・乾物用防虫剤組成物（以下「防虫剤組成物」という）は、人体に対して安全であり、一般家庭においても手軽に使用できるものである。したがって、本発明の防虫剤ないし防虫組成物は、穀物や乾物が保管ないし保存される倉庫や家庭用保存庫、家庭用保存容器の中に適用されることにより、穀物類害虫、例えば鞘翅目オサゾウムシ科のコクゾウムシ、ココクゾウムシ、グラナリアコクゾウムシ等、鱗翅目キバガ科のバクガ等、鱗翅目メイガ科のノシメマダラメイガ、ガイマイツヅリガ、スジコナマダラメイガ等、鞘翅目ヒラタムシ科のカクムネチビヒラタムシ等、鞘翅目ゴミムシダマシ科のコクヌストモドキ、ヒラタコクヌストモドキ等、鞘翅目コクヌスト科のオオコクヌスト等、鞘翅目ホソヒラタムシ科のノコギリヒラタムシ等、鞘翅目ナガシンクイムシ科のコナナガシンクイ等の害虫に対し優れた防虫効果を発揮し、穀物や乾物を食害から守ることができる。 The cereal / dry matter insect repellent (hereinafter referred to as “insect repellent”) and the cereal / dry matter insect repellent composition (hereinafter referred to as “insect repellent composition”) of the present invention are safe for the human body and are used in general households. Can also be used easily. Therefore, the insect repellent or insect repellent composition of the present invention can be applied to a cereal pest, for example, Coleoptera weevil, by applying it to a warehouse in which grains and dry matter are stored or stored, a domestic storage, or a domestic storage container. Weevil of the family, weevil, granary weevil, etc., Bakuga of the lepidopterous moth weevil, etc. Excellent insect repellent effect against insects such as Coleoptera, Coleoptera, Coleoptera, Coleoptera, Coleoptera, Coleoptera, Coleoptera, Coleoptera, etc. Can protect grain and dry matter from damage.
本発明の防虫剤においては、その有効成分として青唐辛子が使用される。本発明に使用される青唐辛子とは、中南米を原産とするナス科トウガラシ属(Capsicum)植物から得られる、未熟でその色が緑色の果実を意味する。 In the insect repellent of the present invention, green pepper is used as its active ingredient. The green pepper used in the present invention means an immature and green fruit obtained from a Capsicum plant native to Central and South America.
本発明に用いられる青唐辛子は、その種類には特に限定されず、天鷹種、鷹の爪種、本鷹種、チリー種などを用いることができるが、特に天鷹種を用いることが好ましい。 The green chili used in the present invention is not particularly limited in its kind, and can be selected from Tentaka species, Hawk's claw species, Hontaka species, Chilly species, etc., but it is particularly preferred to use Tentaka species. .
本発明の防虫剤に使用される青唐辛子の形態としては、青唐辛子そのまま、または乾燥させたもの、さらには乾燥させたものを粉砕した粉末の形態で使用してもよく、又はそれらの精油、抽出物を使用してもよい。青唐辛子から抽出物を抽出する方法並びに精油を得る方法としては、従来公知の方法、例えば、水蒸気蒸留、減圧蒸留等の蒸留法、圧搾法、窒素抽出法、二酸化炭素抽出、ジメチルエーテル、エタノール、メタノール等アルコール類および、アセトン、アセトニトリル、ジエチルエーテル、酢酸エチル、クロロホルム、メチレンクロリド等の中極性の有機溶媒を用いる溶剤抽出等の抽出法、油脂吸着法等の方法を挙げることができる。 As the form of green chili used in the insect repellent of the present invention, the green chili can be used as it is or dried, and further in the form of a powder obtained by pulverizing the dried, or essential oils thereof, An extract may be used. As a method for extracting an extract from green pepper and a method for obtaining an essential oil, conventionally known methods, for example, distillation methods such as steam distillation and vacuum distillation, pressing methods, nitrogen extraction methods, carbon dioxide extraction, dimethyl ether, ethanol, methanol Examples thereof include extraction methods such as solvent extraction using alcohols such as alcohols, medium polar organic solvents such as acetone, acetonitrile, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and methylene chloride, and fat adsorption methods.
本発明の防虫剤における、上記青唐辛子の配合量としては、特に限定されないが、青唐辛子そのまま、または乾燥させたものや、その粉砕した粉末を配合する場合は、その量として、防虫剤中、０．０１質量％以上、好ましくは、０．１質量％以上、更に好ましくは１．０質量％以上配合すればよい。配合量が３０質量％より多くなると、穀物に青唐辛子のにおいが移ってしまうことや青唐辛子に変色・変臭が生じることがあり、製品の品質安定性の観点から好ましくない。一方、それらの精油、抽出物を使用する場合は、その原料としての青唐辛子量が上記範囲内となる量とすればよい。 In the insect repellent of the present invention, the amount of green pepper as described above is not particularly limited, but when the green pepper as it is or when dried powder is blended, the amount of the green pepper 0.01% by mass or more, preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 1.0% by mass or more. If the blending amount is more than 30% by mass, the smell of green pepper may be transferred to the grain, and discoloration and odor may occur in the green pepper, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of product quality stability. On the other hand, when using those essential oils and extracts, the amount of green pepper as a raw material may be set to an amount within the above range.
また、本発明の青唐辛子は、適当な溶媒に必要により界面活性剤を用いて溶解、分散して使用することもできる。 Further, the green pepper of the present invention can be used by dissolving and dispersing in a suitable solvent, if necessary, using a surfactant.
使用できる界面活性剤は、特に限定されず、陽イオン系界面活性剤、陰イオン系界面活性剤、両性界面活性剤、非イオン系界面活性剤等の従来公知の界面活性剤を挙げることができる。これらのうち、溶解、分散性および後述するゲルの収縮性の点から、非イオン系界面活性剤、特にポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油が好ましい。 The surfactant that can be used is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include conventionally known surfactants such as a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant. . Of these, nonionic surfactants, particularly polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, are preferred from the viewpoints of solubility, dispersibility, and gel shrinkability described below.
さらに、本発明の防虫剤は、そのまま又は適当な溶媒に溶解、分散したものを、適当な担体に担持させて使用することもできる。 Furthermore, the insect repellent of the present invention can be used as it is or dissolved and dispersed in an appropriate solvent and supported on an appropriate carrier.
具体的に、溶解、分散するに当たり使用できる溶媒としては、水や適当な有機溶媒、例えば、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、オクタン、デカン、パラフィン等の直鎖炭化水素系化合物、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、エチルベンゼン、クメン、シメン、スチレン等の芳香族炭化水素系化合物、リモネン、メンタン、ピネン、ジペンテン等のテルペン系炭化水素系化合物、メタノール、エタノール、１−プロパノール、２−プロパノール、１−ブタノール、２−ブタノール、２−メチル−１−プロパノール、２−メチル−２−プロパノール、ペンタノール、ヘキサノール、ヘプタノール、オクタノール、ノナノール、デカノール等の炭化水素系アルコールや、cis−３−ヘキセノール、トランス−３−ヘキセノール、リナロール、ゲラニオール等のテルペンアルコール、アリルアルコール、ベンジルアルコール、オイゲノール等の芳香族アルコール、クロロホルム、四塩化炭素、トリクロロエタン、テトラクロロエタン、トリクロロエチレン、テトラクロロエチレン、クロロベンゼン、ジクロロベンゼン、トリクロロベンゼン、臭化エチル、臭化プロピル、ブロモベンゼン、ジブロモベンゼン、フルオロベンゼン等のハロゲン化炭化水素化合物、フェノール、クレゾール、キシレノール等のフェノール系化合物、ジエチルエーテル、ジプロピルエーテル、ジブチルエーテル、エチルビニルエーテル、アニソール、フェネトール、ジベンジルエーテル、ジオキサン、トリオキサン、フラン、シネオール、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、アセタール等のエーテル系化合物、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、２−ヘキサノン、シクロヘキサノン等のケトン系化合物、蟻酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、酪酸、吉草酸、オレイン酸、無水酢酸等の脂肪酸系化合物、蟻酸エステル、酢酸エステル、プロピオン酸エステル、酪酸エステル、吉草酸エステル、ヘプチル酸エステル、ヘプテンカルボン酸エステル、オクテンカルボン酸エステル、ラウリン酸エステル、ミリスチン酸エステル、安息香酸エステル、フェニル酢酸エステル、桂皮酸エステル、フタル酸エステル、サリチル酸エステル、アニス酸エステル、アンスラニル酸エステル、メチルアンスラニル酸エステル、菊酸エステル等のエステル系化合物、ニトロメタン、ニトロエタン、ニトロベンゼン、アセトニトリル、メチルアミン、ジメチルアミン、アリルアミン、アニリン、Ｎ,Ｎ-ジメチルアニリン、トルイジン、ピリジン、キノリン、エチレンジアミン、ホルムアミド、ピロリドン、ε−カプロラクタム等の窒素化合物、二硫化炭素、硫化ジメチル、チオフェン等の硫黄化合物、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール等のグリコール系化合物、２−メトキシエタノール、２−エトキシエタノール、２−フェノキシエタノール、３−メチル−３−メトキシブタノール、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル等のグリコールエーテル系化合物、ごま油、リノール油、サラダ油等が挙げられ、これらの１種もしくは２種以上を混合して用いることも可能である。 Specifically, as a solvent that can be used for dissolution and dispersion, water and an appropriate organic solvent, for example, linear hydrocarbon compounds such as hexane, heptane, octane, decane, paraffin, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, Aromatic hydrocarbon compounds such as cumene, cymen, styrene, terpene hydrocarbon compounds such as limonene, menthane, pinene, dipentene, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, Hydrocarbon alcohols such as 2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, pentanol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, nonanol, decanol, cis-3-hexenol, trans-3-hexenol, linalool, Geraniol etc. Aromatic alcohols such as alcohol, allyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, eugenol, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, ethyl bromide, propyl bromide, bromobenzene, Halogenated hydrocarbon compounds such as dibromobenzene and fluorobenzene, phenolic compounds such as phenol, cresol and xylenol, diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, dibutyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, anisole, phenetole, dibenzyl ether, dioxane, trioxane, furan , Cineole, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, ether compounds such as acetal, acetone, Ketone compounds such as ruethylketone, 2-hexanone, cyclohexanone, fatty acid compounds such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, oleic acid, acetic anhydride, formic acid ester, acetic acid ester, propionic acid ester, butyric acid ester, Herbic acid ester, heptyl acid ester, heptene carboxylic acid ester, octene carboxylic acid ester, lauric acid ester, myristic acid ester, benzoic acid ester, phenylacetic acid ester, cinnamic acid ester, phthalic acid ester, salicylic acid ester, anisic acid ester, anthranil Ester compounds such as acid esters, methylanthranilates, chrysanthemic esters, nitromethane, nitroethane, nitrobenzene, acetonitrile, methylamine, dimethylamine, allylamine, aniline, N, N- Nitrogen compounds such as methylaniline, toluidine, pyridine, quinoline, ethylenediamine, formamide, pyrrolidone and ε-caprolactam, sulfur compounds such as carbon disulfide, dimethyl sulfide and thiophene, glycol compounds such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, 2-methoxy Examples include ethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-phenoxyethanol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, glycol ether compounds such as diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, sesame oil, linoleic oil, salad oil, and the like. It is also possible to use a mixture.
一方、青唐辛子を溶媒中に溶解ないし分散した溶液を担持させるための担持体としては、特に限定されないが、たとえば、木、紙、布、不織布、シリカ、タルク、活性炭、シリカゲル、ゼオライト、セルロースビーズ、活性炭、セラミック等を挙げることができる。 On the other hand, the support for supporting a solution obtained by dissolving or dispersing green pepper in a solvent is not particularly limited. For example, wood, paper, cloth, non-woven fabric, silica, talc, activated carbon, silica gel, zeolite, cellulose beads , Activated carbon, ceramic and the like.
更に、本発明の青唐辛子を粉末として用いる場合は、これを適当な溶媒に分散させたものをゲル化剤を用いてゲル化させ、使用することが好ましい。ゲル化させることにより、穀物類収納容器内に散らばったり粉落ちしたりする危険がなく、また、穀物類収納容器内に防虫成分を安定して揮散させることができる。さらに、ゲルの減少を目視することにより、効果の確認及び有効期間の終了時期を判断することができる。さらに、前述の界面活性剤を配合することにより、ゲルの収縮を均等に行うことができ、より明確に目視による判断ができるようになる。 Furthermore, when using the green chili of this invention as a powder, it is preferable to use the thing which disperse | distributed this to the suitable solvent, and gelatinizes it using a gelatinizer. By making it gel, there is no danger of being scattered or pulverized in the grain storage container, and the insect repellent component can be volatilized stably in the grain storage container. Furthermore, by visually observing the decrease in gel, it is possible to confirm the effect and determine the end time of the effective period. Furthermore, by blending the above-mentioned surfactant, the gel can be uniformly contracted, and the visual judgment can be made more clearly.
ゲル化に用いるゲル化剤としては従来公知のものを使用できるが、その例としては、たとえば、カラギーナン、ジェランガム、寒天、ゼラチン、グアーガム、ペクチン、ローカストビーンガム、キサンタンガム、アルギン酸ソーダ、セルロース誘導体、ヒドロキシプロピル化多糖類、ポリアクリル酸、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム等の高吸水性樹脂、ジベンジリデン−Ｄ−ソルビトール、脂肪酸塩等を挙げることができる。 As the gelling agent used for the gelation, conventionally known ones can be used. Examples thereof include carrageenan, gellan gum, agar, gelatin, guar gum, pectin, locust bean gum, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, cellulose derivative, hydroxy Examples thereof include highly water-absorbing resins such as propylated polysaccharide, polyacrylic acid and sodium polyacrylate, dibenzylidene-D-sorbitol, fatty acid salts and the like.
このうち、後述する他の穀物害虫防除成分としてエタノールを用いる場合のゲルの安定性などの理由から、ヒドロキシプロピル化多糖類、ポリアクリル酸、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、ジベンジリデン−Ｄ−ソルビトール、脂肪酸塩を用いることが好ましく、さらに具体的にはヒドロキシプロピル化グアーガムを用いることが好ましい。 Among these, hydroxypropylated polysaccharides, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, dibenzylidene-D-sorbitol, fatty acid salts, for reasons such as gel stability when ethanol is used as another grain pest control component described later Is preferable, and more specifically, hydroxypropylated guar gum is preferably used.
本発明においては、上記した防虫剤に、更に青唐辛子以外の穀物害虫防除成分を配合することで防虫剤組成物を調製することができる。 In this invention, an insect repellent composition can be prepared by mix | blending grains pest control components other than a green pepper with the above-mentioned insect repellent.
上記防虫剤組成物に配合される、青唐辛子以外の穀物害虫防除成分としては、たとえば、トウガラシエキス、ワサビエキス、シソエキス、アリシン、カプサイシン、ペリラアルデヒド、タイム、カルダモン、ナツメグ、クローブ、コリアンダー、カリオフィレン、オイゲノール、メチルチャビコール、メチルシンナメート、ｐ−サイメン、セージ、ローズマリー、バジル、キャラウェー、ユーカリ、シトロネラ、アニス、オレンジ、アニススター、シナモン、レモングラス、クミン、クミンアルデヒド、１,８−シネオール、エタノール等の炭素数１〜１０のアルコールゲラニオール、シトロネロール、テルピネオール、ネロール、フェンキルアルコール、ボルネオール、リナロール、シトロネラール、シネオール、酢酸フェンキル、テルピニルアセテート、ボニルアセテート、リナリルアセテート、カンファー、α―テルピネン、オシメン、カンフェン、テルピノレン、ミルセン、リモネン、α―ピネン、β―ピネン等のテルペン系化合物等を挙げることができる。これらのうち、使用量、安定性、効果、溶媒能および価格の観点から、Ｃ１〜Ｃ１０のアルコール、特にエタノールを用いることが好ましい。 Ingredients for controlling grain pests other than green pepper blended in the above insect repellent composition include, for example, pepper extract, horseradish extract, perilla extract, allicin, capsaicin, perilaldehyde, thyme, cardamom, nutmeg, clove, coriander, caryophyllene, Eugenol, methylchavicol, methylcinnamate, p-cymene, sage, rosemary, basil, caraway, eucalyptus, citronella, anise, orange, anise star, cinnamon, lemongrass, cumin, cuminaldehyde, 1,8-cineole Alcohol geraniol such as ethanol, citronellol, terpineol, nerol, fenquil alcohol, borneol, linalool, citronellal, cineol, fenkylacetate, terpini Examples include terpene compounds such as rubacetate, bonyl acetate, linalyl acetate, camphor, α-terpinene, ocimene, camphene, terpinolene, myrcene, limonene, α-pinene, and β-pinene. Of these, usage, stability, effect, from the viewpoint of the solvent capacity and price, alcohols C 1 -C 10, it is particularly preferable to use ethanol.
この防虫剤組成物における、青唐辛子と穀物害虫防除成分の配合量は、特に制約されるものではないが、防虫剤において説明した程度の量の青唐辛子と、７０質量％以上、９９．９質量％以下程度の量の穀物害虫防除成分を組みあわせることにより調製される。 The blending amount of the green pepper and the grain pest control component in this insect repellent composition is not particularly limited, but the amount of green pepper as described in the repellent, 70 mass% or more, 99.9 mass It is prepared by combining cereal pest control ingredients in an amount of about% or less.
また、本発明の防虫剤組成物は、前記防虫剤において説明したのとほぼ同様に調製することができる。 Moreover, the insect repellent composition of the present invention can be prepared in substantially the same manner as described for the insect repellent.
本発明の防虫剤や防虫剤組成物には、必要に応じて他の任意成分を含有させることもできる。他の任意成分の例としては、たとえば、香料、消臭剤、防かび剤、色素、顔料、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤等を挙げることができる。 The insect repellent and insect repellent composition of the present invention can contain other optional components as necessary. Examples of other optional components include fragrances, deodorants, fungicides, dyes, pigments, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers and the like.
本発明の防虫剤や、防虫剤組成物の適用の方法としては、穀物倉庫内もしくは家庭用保存庫、家庭用保存容器内に設置し、自然に又は強制的に揮散、燻蒸させる方法を挙げることができる。また、防虫剤や、防虫剤組成物を直接穀物類を保存する容器、袋に練り込んだり、これらに含浸、担持させる方法などを挙げることができる。 Examples of the method of applying the insect repellent and the insect repellent composition of the present invention include a method of volatilizing and fumigating naturally or forcibly by placing it in a grain warehouse, a domestic storage, or a domestic storage container. Can do. Moreover, the method etc. which knead | mix an insect repellent and an insect repellent composition directly in the container and bag which preserve | saves grains, or make these impregnate and carry | support are mentioned.
本発明の防虫剤ないし防虫剤組成物により防虫される害虫としては、例えば鞘翅目オサゾウムシ科のコクゾウムシ、ココクゾウムシ、グラナリアコクゾウムシ等、鱗翅目キバガ科のバクガ等、鱗翅目メイガ科のノシメマダラメイガ、ガイマイツヅリガ、スジマダラメイガ等、鞘翅目ヒラタムシ科のカクムネチビヒラタムシ等、鞘翅目ゴミムシダマシ科のコクヌストモドキ、ヒラタコクヌストモドキ等、鞘翅目コクヌスト科のオオコクヌスト等、鞘翅目ホソヒラタムシ科のノコギリヒラタムシ等、鞘翅目ナガシンクイムシ科のコナナガシンクイ等の多くの穀物類害虫を挙げることができる。 Examples of the insect pests to be controlled by the insect repellent or the insect repellent composition of the present invention include, for example, the weevil of the order Coleoptera, Weevil weevil, Granary weevil, etc. , Moth moth Riga, stag beetle, etc. And many other cereal pests such as Coleoptera, Coleidae.
以上説明した本発明では、有効な穀物類害虫防除成分として、青唐辛子を使用している。古来から穀害虫忌避には、乾燥させて保存性を高めた赤唐辛子（同じトウガラシ属植物の果実が熟して赤くなったもの）を使うことが一般的であった。しかし、赤唐辛子となる前の青唐辛子は、未だ果実が未熟であるとして、穀物害虫忌避剤に使用されることはなかった。しかし、後記の実施例で示すように、実際の実験では、青唐辛子が赤唐辛子よりも優れた穀物害虫防除効力を有していたが、このようなことは、本発明者が初めて見出した新しい知見である。これは、青唐辛子中には豊富に存在するが、赤唐辛子中では減少する何らかの成分が、穀物類害虫に対する強い忌避作用を有するためと考えられる。 In the present invention described above, green chili is used as an effective grain pest control component. Since ancient times, it has been common to use red chili peppers (the fruits of the same Capsicum plant that have become ripe and red) to avoid grain pests. However, green chili peppers before becoming red chili peppers were never used as grain pest repellents because the fruits were still immature. However, as shown in the examples described later, in actual experiments, green chili pepper had a grain pest control effect superior to red chili pepper. It is knowledge. This is thought to be because some components that are abundant in green chili but decrease in red chili have a strong repellent action against cereal pests.
以下、本発明を実施例によって更に詳細に説明するが、本発明は当該実施例によって何ら制限されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention still in detail, this invention is not restrict | limited at all by the said Example.
実 施 例 １
唐辛子（天鷹種）の果実を、青唐辛子の状態で採取した。これをスタンプミル方式の粉砕機を用い、平均粒径２００μｍ程度まで粉砕した。
Example 1
Chilli (Tiantaka) fruit was collected in the form of green chili. This was pulverized to a mean particle size of about 200 μm using a stamp mill type pulverizer.
次に得られた青唐辛子粉末について、図１及び図２に示した試験装置を用い、その穀物害虫防除効果を調べた。なお、比較品としては、上と同様に粉砕した赤唐辛子粉末（比較品１）を用いた。 Next, about the obtained green chili powder, the grain pest control effect was investigated using the test apparatus shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2. In addition, as a comparative product, the red chili powder (comparative product 1) ground like the above was used.
＜試 験 装 置＞
図１に示すように、試験装置１は、試験区２と対照区３（それぞれ内径約８５ｍｍ×深さ１１０ｍｍで、容量５７０ｍｌのポリプロピレン製円筒容器）を、通路パイプ４（内径１２ｍｍ×長さ５０ｍｍ、厚さ３ｍｍ）で連通し、構成されており、試験害虫が２つの区を自由に行き来できるようになっている。またこの試験装置の試験区２内には、直径４．６ｃｍのシャーレ５と直径４．６ｃｍのシャーレ６が、対照区３には、試験区２内に設置されたものと同形のシャーレ５がそれぞれ設置されている。更に、試験装置1の通路パイプ４上部には、図２に示されるように、サイズ３０ｍｍ×２０ｍｍの空気孔７（ナイロンメッシュで覆われており、試験害虫の通り抜けはできない）を形成し、試験区２で揮散した防虫剤が通路パイプ４を伝わって対照区３に移動することがないようにしている。
<Test equipment>
As shown in FIG. 1, the
＜防虫試験方法＞
上記した試験装置を用いる防虫試験は、まず試験区２及び対照区３のそれぞれの蓋８を開け、それぞれのシャーレ５に穀物として米（あきたこまち無洗米）２．５ｇを入れ、図１に示す位置に設置した。次に、シャーレ６に被検物（青唐辛子または赤唐辛子の乾燥粉末）０．１ｇを入れ、それを試験区２に設置した。そして、対象害虫であるコクゾウムシの成虫を試験区２と対照区３にそれぞれ１０匹ずつ計２０匹入れた。
<Insect repellent test method>
In the insect repellent test using the test apparatus described above, first, the
その後、両区の蓋８を閉め、試験装置１を２５℃で静置し２４時間放置した。放置後、試験区２及び対照区３にいる成虫の数をそれぞれ数え、全投入成虫数に対する対照区３内に存在する成虫の割合（忌避率）を下記の式にしたがって算出した。また、被検物が全く忌避も誘引もしない状態（忌避率５０％）を０とし、被検物が完全に成虫を排除する状態（忌避率１００％）を１とする有効係数も併せて示した。なお、対照としてシャーレ６中に何も入れないで、上記と同様の試験を行った。この結果を表１に示す。
Thereafter, the
この結果、青唐辛子を使用した本発明品１には赤唐辛子を使用した比較品１よりも明らかに高い害虫忌避効果を示すことが分かった。
As a result, it was found that the
実 施 例 ２
表２の処方により、下記方法でゲル状防虫剤組成物（本発明品２）を調製した。
すなわち、エタノール１０ｇに、スタンプミル方式の粉砕機にて粉砕した青唐辛子微粉末（平均粒径２０μｍ）１．０ｇ、界面活性剤１．０ｇおよび色素を０．０１gを混合したものに対し、ヒドロキシプロピル化グアーガム１０ｇをエタノール７０ｇに溶解したものを加え、攪拌した後水を加えて１００ｇにし、縦３５ｍｍ×横３５ｍｍ×高さ７５ｍｍの容器に充填した。これを３時間静置し、本発明品２のゲル状の穀物類害虫防虫剤を得た。
Example 2
According to the formulation shown in Table 2, a gel insect repellent composition (present product 2) was prepared by the following method.
That is, 10 g of ethanol mixed with 1.0 g of green pepper fine powder (average particle size 20 μm) pulverized by a stamp mill type pulverizer, 1.0 g of a surfactant and 0.01 g of a dye were mixed with hydroxy. A solution obtained by dissolving 10 g of propylated guar gum in 70 g of ethanol was added, and after stirring, water was added to make 100 g, and the mixture was filled into a container 35 mm long x 35 mm wide x 75 mm high. This was left to stand for 3 hours to obtain a gel-like grain insect pest repellent of the
得られた、本発明品２のゲル状穀物・乾物害虫用防虫剤０．５ｇを図３で示した試験装置１‘を用いて評価した。すなわち、試験区２に設置したシャーレ6に代え、直径４ｃｍの球状虫かご６´を用い、その中に本発明品２のゲル状穀物・乾物害虫用防虫剤を入れた点及び、２つのシャーレ５に穀物として米（あきたこまち無洗米）１．０ｇを入れた点以外は、実施例１と同様の装置を用い忌避試験を行った。試験方法も室温２５℃で静置し２時間放置した以外は実施例1と同様の方法で行った後、上記式（１）に従って忌避率および有効係数を算出した。結果を表３に示す。
The obtained 0.5 g of the gel-like grain / dry matter pesticide of the
実 施 例 ３
本発明品２のゲル状穀物・乾物害虫用防虫剤３０ｇを上面開口の筒状容器（直径４０ｍｍ高さ８０ｍｍ）に入れ、米５ｋｇの入った容量約１６リットル（３００ｍｍ×１８５ｍｍ×３００ｍｍ）の米保存容器内に設置し、室温２５℃で保管した。この結果、筒状容器内で４ヶ月間防虫効力を発揮した。なお、６ヶ月後にはゲルは筒状容器と相似形にきれいに収縮し、薬剤効力の終了時点を明確に判別できた。
Example 3
30 g of the grain-like cereal / dry matter insecticide of the
本発明によれば、穀物・乾物に繁殖する害虫を忌避することで、穀物・乾物に対する害虫を防虫することができる防虫剤および防虫剤組成物を得ることができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the insect repellent and insect repellent composition which can control the insect pest with respect to a grain and dry matter can be obtained by repelling the insect pest which propagates to a grain and dry matter.
そしてこのものは、原料として食品として利用される青唐辛子を利用するため、人体に安全であり、一般家庭においても手軽に使用することができる。 And since this thing uses the green chili pepper utilized as a foodstuff as a raw material, it is safe for a human body and can be used easily also in a general household.
１・・・・試験装置
２・・・・試験区
３・・・・対照区
４・・・・通路パイプ
５・・・・シャーレ
６・・・・シャーレ
６´・・・・虫かご
７・・・・空気孔
８・・・・蓋
DESCRIPTION OF
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