JP5818440B2 - バイオマーカー - Google Patents
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- JP5818440B2 JP5818440B2 JP2010550627A JP2010550627A JP5818440B2 JP 5818440 B2 JP5818440 B2 JP 5818440B2 JP 2010550627 A JP2010550627 A JP 2010550627A JP 2010550627 A JP2010550627 A JP 2010550627A JP 5818440 B2 JP5818440 B2 JP 5818440B2
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Description
(a)グルコースの投与の後に、対象におけるINS−SPバイオマーカー、好ましくはINS−SP断片のレベルを測定する工程および
(b)上述のINS−SPのレベルを、コントロールからのINS−SPと比較する工程を含み、
コントロールレベルからのINS−SPの測定レベルにおける偏差は、グルコース処理障害を示す方法をも提供する。
(a)INS−SPバイオマーカーを結合剤と結合させる工程および
(b)結合したINS−SPバイオマーカーのレベルを測定する工程を含む。
(a)試料からの1つまたは複数のINS−SPバイオマーカーを結合させる工程および
(b)結合したINS−SPバイオマーカーのレベルを測定する工程を含むアッセイをも提供する。
(a)INS−SP(1〜24)配列番号14、
(b)INS−SP(1〜9)配列番号16、
(c)INS−SP(15〜24)配列番号18、
(d)配列番号15、配列番号17、および配列番号19から選択されるヌクレオチド配列によってコードされるアミノ酸配列、または
(e)(a)〜(d)のいずれか1つの変異体もしくは断片に結合するまたはそれを検出する。
(a)INS−SP 1〜24(配列番号14)、
(b)INS−SP 1〜9(配列番号16)、
(c)INS−SP 15〜24(配列番号18)、ならびに
(d)配列番号15、配列番号17、および配列番号19から選択されるヌクレオチド配列によってコードされるアミノ酸配列または
(e)(a)〜(d)のいずれか1つの変異体もしくは断片に結合する抗INS−SPバイオマーカー抗体またはその抗原結合断片をも提供する。
(a)配列番号17またはその変異体もしくは断片、
(b)配列番号19またはその変異体もしくは断片、
(c)(a)または(b)に対して少なくとも70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、95%、または99%の配列同一性を有する配列、
(d)(a)〜(c)のいずれか1つに対してストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズすることができる、長さが少なくとも10ヌクレオチドの配列、および
(e)(a)〜(d)のいずれか1つの相補体から、配列が配列番号15ではないということを条件として、選択される核酸分子に関する。
(a)INS−SP(1〜9)配列番号16またはその変異体もしくは断片、
(b)INS−SP(15〜24)配列番号18またはその変異体もしくは断片、
(c)(a)または(b)に対して少なくとも70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、95%、または99%のアミノ酸同一性を有するアミノ酸配列、および
(d)本発明の核酸分子によってコードされるINS−SPポリペプチドから選択される単離INS−SPバイオマーカーポリペプチドまたはその変異体もしくは断片を提供する。
(a)本発明のポリペプチドを発現することができる本発明の遺伝子構築物を含む宿主細胞を培養する工程、
(b)本発明のポリペプチドを発現する細胞を選択する工程、
(c)細胞から発現ポリペプチドを分離する工程、および任意選択で
(d)発現ポリペプチドを精製する工程を含む。
急性心障害(ACD)は、提示されるECG上でのST上昇を伴う急性心筋梗塞(AMI)を含む急性冠動脈症候群、不安定狭心症、および急性非ST上昇心筋梗塞;心虚血;急性心外傷;急性薬物中毒に起因する急性心損傷、急性心筋症、および心臓移植拒絶を含むが、これらに限定されない。これらの障害の十分な説明的な定義は、参考文献1において見つけられる。
bl2seq −i nucleotideseq1 −j nucleotideseq2 −F F −p blastn
パラメーター−F Fは、ローコンプレキシティセクション(low complexity section)のフィルタリングをオフにする。パラメーター−pは、配列のペアに適切なアルゴリズムを選択する。bl2seqプログラムは、「同一性=」という行において同一のヌクレオチドの数およびパーセンテージの両方として配列同一性を報告する。
bl2seq −i peptideseq1 −j peptideseq2 −F F −p blastp
パラメーター−F Fは、ローコンプレキシティセクションのフィルタリングをオフにする。パラメーター−pは、配列のペアに適切なアルゴリズムを選択する。このプログラムは、配列の間での、類似性の領域を見つけ、それぞれのそのような領域について、ランダム配列を含有する固定基準サイズのデータベースにおいて、そのようなマッチが偶然見られることを予想することができる回数の期待数である「E値」を報告する。1よりもかなり低い、小さなE値については、これは、ほぼ、そのようなランダムマッチの蓋然性がある。
(1)疎水性:ノルロイシン、met、ala、val、leu、ile;
(2)中性親水性:cys、ser、thr;
(3)酸性:asp、glu;
(4)塩基性:asn、gln、his、lys、arg:
(5)鎖配向に影響を及ぼす残基:gly、pro;および
(6)芳香族:trp、tyr、phe
非保存的置換は、これらのクラスのうちの1つのメンバーの、他のクラスのメンバーとの交換を伴うであろう。
(a)構築物が形質転換される宿主細胞における機能的なプロモーター、
(b)発現されることとなるポリヌクレオチド、および
(c)構築物が形質転換される宿主細胞における機能的なターミネーターを含む。
インスリン(INS)は、膵臓のβ細胞によって分泌される周知のポリペプチドホルモンである。それは代謝に広範囲の効果を有する。インスリンの主要な役割は、細胞が、血液からグルコースを吸収し、肝臓および筋肉中にグリコーゲンとしてそれを貯蔵し、エネルギー源としての脂肪の使用を停止させるようにすることである。糖尿病において、インスリンレベルは、低いかまたは存在せず、それによって、グルコース処理に有害に影響する。
(a)対象からの生物学的試料中のINS−SPバイオマーカーのレベルを測定する工程および
(b)INS−SPバイオマーカーのレベルを、コントロールまたは対照標準値からのINS−SPレベルと比較する工程を含み、
コントロールレベルまたは対照標準レベルからの、測定レベルにおける偏差は、生物学的事象または障害を示す方法を提供する。
(a)グルコースの投与の後に、対象におけるINS−SPバイオマーカーのレベルを測定する工程および
(b)上述のINS−SPバイオマーカーのレベルを、コントロールまたは対照標準からのINS−SPと比較する工程を含み、コントロールレベルまたは対照標準レベルからのINS−SPの測定レベルにおける偏差は、グルコース処理障害を示す方法をも提供する。
(a)対象からの生物学的試料中のINS−SPバイオマーカーのレベルを測定する工程および
(b)INS−SPバイオマーカーのレベルを、コントロールまたは対照標準からのINS−SPレベルと比較する工程を含み、
コントロールレベルよりも高いかまたは低いINS−SPバイオマーカーの測定レベルは、糖尿病または糖尿病に対する素因を示す31方法をも提供する。
(a)配列番号17またはその変異体もしくは断片、
(b)配列番号19またはその変異体もしくは断片、
(c)配列番号17または配列番号19に対して少なくとも70%、75%、80%、90%、95%、または99%の配列同一性を有する配列、
(d)(a)もしくは(b)に対してストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズすることができる、長さが少なくとも10ヌクレオチドの配列、または
(e)(a)〜(d)のいずれか1つの相補体であり、
ただし、配列が配列番号15ではないということを条件とする核酸分子を提供する。配列番号15は、シグナルペプチドをコードする完全長核酸配列である。
対象から採取されたかまたは対象に由来する生物学的試料におけるINS−SPバイオマーカーのレベルを測定する工程および上述のINS−SPのレベルを、コントロールもしくは対照標準または対照標準の範囲からのINS−SPバイオマーカーレベルと比較する工程を含み、コントロールレベルまたは対照標準レベルよりも高いINS−SPバイオマーカーの測定レベルは、ACDを示す方法を提供する。
試料におけるINS−SPの存在およびその発現レベルは、サザンブロッティング、ノーザンブロッティング、FISH、もしくはmRNAの転写を定量するための定量的PCR[(Thomas、Proc. Nat, Acad. Sci. USA 77巻:5201〜5205頁 1980年)、(Jain KK、Med Device Technol. 2004年5月;15巻(4号):14〜7頁)]、ドットブロッティング(DNA分析)、または本明細書において提供される配列に基づいて、適切に標識されたプローブを使用するインサイツハイブリダイゼーションなどの、当技術分野において公知の方法に従って決定されてもよい。
(a)ストリンジェントなハイブリダイゼーション条件下で核酸配列にハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチドプローブと試料を接触させる工程および
(b)試料におけるハイブリダイゼーション複合体の存在を検出する工程を含むアッセイをも提供する。
一実施形態において、測定工程は、INS−SPバイオマーカーと、INS−SPまたはその断片もしくは変異体に結合する(選択的にまたは特異的に結合することを含む)結合剤との間の結合を検出する工程を含む。測定におけるプレ工程として、INS−SPバイオマーカーポリペプチドは、INS−SPまたはその断片もしくは変異体に結合する結合剤と結合されてもよい。
(a)生物学的試料からの1つまたは複数のINS−SPバイオマーカーポリペプチドを結合させる工程および
(b)結合したINS−SPバイオマーカーポリペプチドのレベルを測定する工程を含むアッセイを提供する。
出願人らは、INS−SP(1〜9)などのINS−SPバイオマーカーの濃度が急性心障害と相互に関連することを示した。さらに、INS−SPバイオマーカーレベルは、疑わしい急性心筋梗塞(AMI)または心臓発作の症状を示す患者の場合には、臨床提示に際して最も高い。(心臓筋肉または心筋層において瘢痕を残す心臓発作)によって引き起こされる急性心障害、特に急性心性虚血冠動脈疾患の症状を示す患者は、続く心筋梗塞(MI)を経験するまたは経験しない可能性がある。MIを経験しないグループは、現在の臨床的技術およびマーカーを使用して、容易に診断することができない。初めて、本出願人らは、それゆえ、MIと関連する心筋損傷についての有用な早期で特異的なマーカーを提供した。これは、有害事象(AE)による心筋損傷の早期診断を可能にし得、医師が、他の急性冠動脈症候群とおよび胸痛の他の原因とそのような症例を区別することを可能にし得る。たとえば狭心症、胃腸疾患、肺/胸膜障害、およびその他同種のもの。これは、ミオグロビン、CK−MB、TnT、およびTnIなどの現在の心性のバイオマーカーのレベルの上昇についての、6時間〜12時間の現在経験する待ち時間のウインドウを有意に短くする。そのため、より的確な診断および治療は、より早期に達成し、罹患率および死亡率を低下させ、より良好な予後の結果を示すことができる。
本発明の方法はまた、対象における心疾患を診断するまたは予測するのに有用となり得る。
本発明はまた、INS−SPバイオマーカー測定を使用する、移植の間のおよびその後の、心臓移植、一般的に心性の同種移植片移植、通常の組織バイオプシーを通しての拒絶をモニターする際の適用を有する。コントロールレベルと比較した、心臓移植の6、4、または2時間以内に測定されたINS−SPバイオマーカーレベルの増加は、拒絶エピソードを予測するまたは診断するものであり得る。
方法
ヒトプロトコールはすべて、Upper South Regional Ethics Committee of the Ministry of Health、New Zealandによって承認され、ヘルシンキ宣言に合わせて実行した。
合成ヒトINSシグナルペプチドINS−SP(1〜9)およびINS−SP(15〜24)(配列番号16および18)は、温和なFmoc固相合成法を使用して、Mimotopes(Australia)によって合成された30。緩衝剤試薬はすべて、BDH(登録商標)(UK)および/またはSigma(Mo、USA)から購入した。INS−SP(1〜9)およびINS−SP(15〜24)は、方向性のキャリヤー結合のためにシステインを用いて合成した。両方のペプチドは、さらに、同じペプチド上でのトレーサー調製のためにチロシル残基を用いて合成した。
健康なボランティアの対照標準の範囲の試験のために、静脈血試料を、一晩の絶食の後に、20人の健康なボランティア(13人の女性、平均年齢48.8±3.2歳(範囲21〜72歳)、BMI 25.9±1.0kg/m2)から得た。試料は、氷上のチューブの中に採取し、5分間、2700gで+4.0℃で遠心分離し、血漿は、分析するまで−80℃で保管した。
血漿試料はすべて、先に記載されるように22、SepPakカートリッジ(Waters、USA)で抽出し、乾燥させ、RIAおよびHPLC前に−20℃で保管した。
推定上のヒトINS−SPバイオマーカーペプチドの測定のために、本発明者らは、ヒトプレプロインスリン(1〜24)シグナル配列(配列番号14)のアミノ酸INS−SP 1〜9(配列番号16)および15〜24(配列番号18)に対して向けられる、新規なIR RIAのものを生成した。
プレプロINS(1〜9)Cys10および(15〜24)Cys14を、室温での緩やかな混合によって、PBS(pH7.0)中のマレイミド(malemide)処理N−e−マレイミドカプロイルオキシスクシンイミドエステル(EMCS)誘導体化BSAに結合させた。結合したペプチドは、フロイントアジュバント(2ml)を用いて乳化し、月1回の間隔で4〜5部位にわたり2羽のNew Zealand白色ウサギに皮下注射した(合計2ml)。適当なレベルが達成されるまで、抗体価を評価するために、注射の12日後にウサギから採血した。RIAについては、INS−SP IRは、1:30,000の最終の希釈度の抗血清を使用して決定した。
結合したチロシル残基を有するプレプロINS(1〜9)および(15〜24)は、先に記載されるように、クロラミンT法を介してヨウ素化し、逆相HPLC(RP−HPLC)で精製した21。この調製物から、RP−HPLCの後のヨウ素化トレーサー形態を試験した。試料、標準物、放射性トレース、および抗血清溶液はすべて、カリウムベースのアッセイ緩衝液中に希釈した22。アッセイインキュベートは、100μL抗血清と組み合わせた100μL試料または標準物(0〜640pmolヒトプレプロINS(1〜10)もしくは(15〜24)から成り、それをボルテックスし、24時間4℃でインキュベートした。次いで、100μLのトレース(4000〜5000cpm)を追加し、4℃で24時間さらにインキュベートした。遊離免疫反応性(free immunoreactivity)および結合免疫反応性は、固相二次抗体法(ロバ抗ヒツジSac−Cel(登録商標)、IDS Ltd、England)によって最終的に分離し、Gammamasterカウンター(LKB、Uppsala、Sweden)で計数した。
結果はすべて、平均値±SEMとして示す。時間的経過データは、繰り返しの測定のための二元配置ANOVA、その後に最小有意差の事後試験(post−hoc)を使用して分析した。血漿ホルモン濃度の相関分析は、一般線形回帰モデルを使用して実行した。すべての分析において、P値<0.05は、有意であるとみなした。
インスリンの24アミノ酸シグナルペプチドまたはそれに由来する断片が、ヒトの血行路中に存在するかどうかを決定するために、本発明者らは、プレプロインスリン(1〜24)の残基1〜9および15〜24に対して向けられる特異的なラジオイムノアッセイ(RIA)を開発した。血漿抽出物の希釈は、標準曲線との平行性を実証する(示さず)。健康なヒトにおけるINS−SPバイオマーカーの血漿濃度は、8.8±2.6pmol/L(n=20)であった(図1)。
臨床的に安定した、疑わしいACSを有する6人の患者にカテーテルを挿入し、複数の器官部位から血液試料を得た。これらの器官部位は、大腿動脈FA(1)およびFA(2)大腿静脈(Fv)、腎静脈(RV)、肝静脈(HV)、下大静脈(IVC)、頚静脈(JUG)、心性の冠状静脈洞静脈(CS)、ならびに肺動脈(PA)であった。血液は、冷蔵EDTAチューブの中に収集し、遠心分離によって血漿から調製し、血漿は、INS−SP RIAにかけた。図2は、INS−SPバイオマーカー濃度の最も高い部位が、頚静脈、腎静脈、および大腿静脈であることを示す。
INS−SPが、代謝および/またはエネルギーバランスのコントロールにおいて有する可能性のある役割を評価するために、7人の正常で健康なボランティアに、75gの経口グルコースを与えた。図3において見ることができるように、血漿INS−SPバイオマーカーレベルは、それが、エネルギーバランスにおける役割を有することと一致して、グルコースの摂取の後に有意に減少した。対照的に、インスリンの血漿濃度は、グルコース摂取の後に有意に増加し、エネルギーバランスのコントロールにおける2つのペプチドの間の差違(contrast)の特質を強く示唆する。
臨床的に安定した患者における循環INS−SPバイオマーカー濃度は、おそらく、頚静脈、腎臓、または周辺の源に由来する。立証されたAMIに応じた、INS−SPペプチドおよびサブペプチドの増加は、それらが代謝疾患および心疾患のバイオマーカーとしての役割を有するという見解を支持する。血漿グルコース増加に対するINS−SPバイオマーカー血漿レベルの応答もまた、それが、エネルギーバランスにおける役割を有し得ることを示唆する。
この証拠は、プレプロインスリンのシグナルペプチドおよびその断片が血行路および細胞外スペースに存在することを立証する最初のものである。本発明者らは、第1の実例において、血液中のINS−SP IRの測定が、急性心虚血および/または続く傷害の迅速なバイオマーカーとしての可能性を有することならびに第2の実例において、その事象の後のINS−SPの測定が、長期予後および長期結果のマーカーとして潜在的な長所を有することを示す。
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本発明は、前述の特定の好ましい実施形態によって限定されない。当業者らは、様々な修飾が、本発明の概念から逸脱することなく、開示される好ましい実施形態に対してなされてもよいことを思いつくであろう。そのような修飾はすべて、本発明の範囲内となることが意図される。
Claims (21)
- インスリンシグナルペプチド(INS−SP)(1〜9)(配列番号16)に選択的に結合する、INS−SP断片抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- ポリクローナル抗体、モノクローナル抗体、二重特異性抗体、キメラ抗体、もしくはヒト化抗体またはその抗原結合断片である、請求項1に記載の抗体または抗原結合断片。
- 検出可能なマーカーを用いて標識される、請求項1または2に記載の抗体または抗原結合断片。
- インスリンシグナルペプチド(INS−SP)断片抗体またはその抗原結合断片の調製における、単離されたINS−SP(1〜9)(配列番号16)の使用。
- 対象からの生物学的試料におけるインスリンシグナルペプチド(INS−SP)断片(1〜9)(配列番号16)についてのアッセイであって、前記試料における前記INS−SP断片のレベルを検出し、測定する工程を含むアッセイ。
- INS−SP断片のレベルは、INS−SP(1〜9)(配列番号16)に選択的に結合する、INS−SP断片抗体またはその抗原結合断片へのINS−SP断片の結合を通して前記試料において検出される、請求項5に記載のアッセイ。
- (a)生物学的試料からのINS−SP断片を結合させる工程および
(b)結合したINS−SP断片のレベルを測定する工程を含む、
インスリンシグナルペプチド(INS−SP)断片についてのアッセイであって、
前記INS−SP断片は、INS−SP(1〜9)(配列番号16)であり、前記INS−SP断片は、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の抗体または抗原結合断片を使用して結合する、アッセイ。 - 前記生物学的試料は、循環性の源からの試料である、請求項5から7のいずれか一項に記載のアッセイ。
- INS−SP断片のレベルは、SELDI、ESI、MALDI、もしくはFTICRによるものを含めた質量分析を使用して、またはRIA、ELISA、免疫蛍光アッセイ、およびイムノラジオメトリックアッセイから選択されるアッセイを使用して測定される、請求項5から8のいずれか一項に記載のアッセイ。
- 前記測定は、基質に結合したINS−SP断片抗体またはその抗原結合断片を含むSELDIプローブを提供する工程、前記抗体または抗原結合断片が前記試料からの1つまたは複数のINS−SP断片を捕捉するように、前記抗体または抗原結合断片を前記生物学的試料と接触させる工程、および
SELDIを使用して、結合したINS−SP断片のレベルを測定する工程を含む、請求項9に記載のアッセイ。 - 対象における生物学的事象または障害を評価するためのINS−SP断片アッセイのための、インスリンシグナルペプチド(INS−SP)(1〜9)(配列番号16)に選択的に結合する、INS−SP断片抗体またはその抗原結合断片の用途。
- 対象における生物学的事象または障害の評価についての予後ツール、診断ツール、またはモニターツールの製造における、インスリンシグナルペプチド(INS−SP)(1〜9)(配列番号16)に選択的に結合する、INS−SP断片抗体またはその抗原結合断片の用途。
- 前記生物学的事象または障害は、糖尿病または糖尿病の可能性である、請求項11または12に記載の用途。
- 前記生物学的事象または障害は、グルコース処理障害である、請求項11または12に記載の用途。
- 前記生物学的事象または障害は、急性心障害(ACD)である、請求項11または12に記載の用途。
- 前記インスリンシグナルペプチド(INS−SP)断片抗体またはその抗原結合断片は、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の抗体または抗原結合断片である、請求項11から15のいずれか一項に記載の用途。
- 前記評価、予測、診断、またはモニターは、請求項5から11のいずれか一項に記載のアッセイを使用して達成される、請求項11から16のいずれか一項に記載の用途。
- 生物学的事象または障害を予測する、診断する、またはモニターするためのキットであって、インスリンシグナルペプチド(INS−SP)(1〜9)(配列番号16)に選択的に結合する、INS−SP断片抗体またはその抗原結合断片と、
対象から採取した生物学的試料において測定されるINS−SP断片レベルから、前記対象における生物学的事象または障害を予測する、診断する、またはモニターするための説明書と、
を含むキット。 - 急性心障害(ACD)を予測する、診断する、またはモニターするためのキットであって、インスリンシグナルペプチド(INS−SP)(1〜9)(配列番号16)に選択的に結合する、INS−SP断片抗体またはその抗原結合断片と、
ACDの発症またはACDの臨床提示の6時間以内または4時間以内に得られる生物学的試料において測定されるINS−SP断片レベルから、ACDの発症またはACDの臨床提示の6時間以内または4時間以内に、対象におけるACDを予測する、診断する、またはモニターするための説明書と、
を含むキット。 - 前記インスリンシグナルペプチド(INS−SP)断片抗体またはその抗原結合断片は、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の抗体または抗原結合断片である、請求項18または19に記載のキット。
- 前記キットは、0.1〜500pmol/L、1〜300pmol/L、または10〜250pmol/Lの範囲におけるINS−SP断片レベルを測定するために較正される、請求項18から20のいずれか一項に記載のキット。
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CA2715914C (en) | 2019-01-22 |
EP2265641A4 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
JP2011516037A (ja) | 2011-05-26 |
US20110104723A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 |
CN102037014A (zh) | 2011-04-27 |
EP2265641A1 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
CA2715914A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
AU2009224113A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
AU2009224113B2 (en) | 2013-02-21 |
ES2666725T3 (es) | 2018-05-07 |
US9630985B2 (en) | 2017-04-25 |
DK2265641T3 (en) | 2018-04-23 |
US20180051050A1 (en) | 2018-02-22 |
CN107043418A (zh) | 2017-08-15 |
US10106575B2 (en) | 2018-10-23 |
WO2009113879A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
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