JP5816510B2 - Radioactive material recovery device and recovery method - Google Patents

Radioactive material recovery device and recovery method Download PDF

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JP5816510B2
JP5816510B2 JP2011219138A JP2011219138A JP5816510B2 JP 5816510 B2 JP5816510 B2 JP 5816510B2 JP 2011219138 A JP2011219138 A JP 2011219138A JP 2011219138 A JP2011219138 A JP 2011219138A JP 5816510 B2 JP5816510 B2 JP 5816510B2
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羊介 水谷
羊介 水谷
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兼松日産農林株式会社
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本発明は、表土や土壌中に含まれる放射性物質を回収するための放射性物資回収装置及びそれを用いた回収工法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a radioactive material recovery apparatus for recovering radioactive substances contained in topsoil and soil, and a recovery method using the same.

福島第一原子力発電所事故により放出された大量の放射性物質による土壌汚染が深刻な問題となっている。特に、子供は放射能による被曝の影響が大人よりも大きいため、校庭は土壌を浄化する必要がある。   Soil contamination by a large amount of radioactive material released by the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident is a serious problem. In particular, the schoolyard needs to clean up the soil because children are more affected by radiation exposure than adults.

校庭の土壌を浄化するにあたっては、校庭を掘り返して放射性物質を含んだ表土と下層の土とを入れ替える実験が行われている。これは、下層の土によって、埋設した表土からの放射線を遮断するものである。   In purifying the soil in the schoolyard, an experiment has been conducted in which the schoolyard is dug up to replace the topsoil containing radioactive material with the underlying soil. This is to block radiation from the buried topsoil by the underlying soil.

しかし、この方法は汚染された表土を校庭の下層に封じ込めるものであるため、放射性物質は土壌中に残留したままとなってしまう。
このため、雨水等の浸透により地下水に放射性物質が流れこむおそれがある。
また、再度放射性物質が放出された場合には、同様の方法によって表土を浄化することはできない。 However, since this method is to contain the contaminated topsoil in the lower layer of the schoolyard, the radioactive material remains in the soil.
For this reason, there exists a possibility that a radioactive material may flow into groundwater by rainwater penetration.
In addition, when radioactive material is released again, the topsoil cannot be purified by the same method.

本発明は、土壌から放射性物質を回収して、土壌を浄化するための放射性物質回収装置及びそれを用いた回収工法を提供することを目的とする。   It is an object of the present invention to provide a radioactive substance recovery apparatus for recovering a radioactive substance from soil and purifying the soil, and a recovery method using the same.

上記目的を達成するためになされた本願の第１発明は、鋼管と、前記鋼管内部に封入するゼオライトと、からなり、前記鋼管の外周には、複数の透孔を形成することを特徴とする、放射性物質回収装置を提供する。
本願の第２発明は、第１発明の放射性物質回収装置において、前記鋼管は、長さ方向に連結可能であることを特徴とする、放射性物質回収装置を提供する。
本願の第３発明は、第１発明又は第２発明の放射性物質回収装置を用いた、放射性物質回収工法であって、前記放射性物質回収装置を地盤中に貫入し、汚染した土壌を経由して前記放射性物質回収装置内を通過する透過水中の放射性物質を、前記ゼオライトに吸着し、前記地盤から前記放射性物質回収装置を引き抜き、前記ゼオライトごと放射性物質を回収することを特徴とする、放射性物質回収工法を提供する。 1st invention of this application made in order to achieve the said objective consists of a steel pipe and the zeolite enclosed inside the said steel pipe, A several through-hole is formed in the outer periphery of the said steel pipe, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. A radioactive material recovery device is provided.
A second invention of the present application provides the radioactive material recovery apparatus according to the first invention, wherein the steel pipe is connectable in a length direction.
A third invention of the present application is a radioactive substance recovery method using the radioactive substance recovery device of the first invention or the second invention, wherein the radioactive substance recovery device penetrates into the ground and passes through contaminated soil. Radioactive material recovery, wherein the radioactive material in the permeated water passing through the radioactive material recovery device is adsorbed on the zeolite, the radioactive material recovery device is withdrawn from the ground, and the radioactive material is recovered together with the zeolite. Provide construction methods.

本発明は、上記した課題を解決するための手段により、次のような効果の少なくとも一つを得ることができる。
＜１＞放射性物質回収装置は、鋼管内部にゼオライトを封入するものであり、容易に作成可能である。
＜２＞放射性物質回収装置は鋼管からなるため、地盤への貫入及び引き抜きが容易であり、地盤への設置、回収も容易である。
＜３＞放射性物質回収装置は透水性を有するため、表土中の水が放射性物質と共に放射性物質回収装置内に流れ込み、表土そのものの浄化が可能である。
＜４＞外周に複数の透孔を有する放射性物質回収装置を地盤の深さ方向に配置するため、表土の放射性物質だけでなく、下層地盤中の放射性物質も吸着・回収することができる。
＜５＞放射性物質回収装置によって、表土および下層地盤中の放射性物質を吸着・回収することにより、地盤全体を浄化することができる。 The present invention can obtain at least one of the following effects by means for solving the above-described problems.
<1> The radioactive substance recovery apparatus encloses zeolite inside a steel pipe and can be easily produced.
<2> Since the radioactive substance recovery device is made of a steel pipe, it can be easily penetrated into and extracted from the ground, and can be easily installed and recovered on the ground.
<3> Since the radioactive substance recovery apparatus has water permeability, water in the topsoil flows into the radioactive substance recovery apparatus together with the radioactive substance, and the topsoil itself can be purified.
<4> Since the radioactive substance recovery device having a plurality of through holes on the outer periphery is arranged in the depth direction of the ground, not only the radioactive material in the topsoil but also the radioactive substance in the lower ground can be adsorbed and recovered.
<5> The entire ground can be purified by adsorbing and collecting the radioactive material in the topsoil and the lower ground with the radioactive material recovery device.

本発明にかかる放射性物質回収装置の斜視図The perspective view of the radioactive substance collection | recovery apparatus concerning this invention 本発明にかかる放射性物質回収装置の断面図Sectional drawing of the radioactive substance recovery apparatus concerning this invention 本発明にかかる放射性物質回収装置の配置図Arrangement of radioactive substance recovery device according to the present invention 本発明にかかる放射性物質回収工法の説明図Explanatory drawing of the radioactive substance recovery method according to the present invention

以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の実施の形態について説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

＜１＞放射性物質回収装置の構成
本発明の放射性物質回収装置１は、鋼管２とその内部に封入するゼオライト３とからなる。（図１） <1> Configuration of Radioactive Material Recovery Device The radioactive material recovery device 1 of the present invention includes a steel pipe 2 and a zeolite 3 enclosed in the inside thereof. (Figure 1)

（１）鋼管
鋼管２は従来から地盤に貫入して杭として用いられているものである。
鋼管２は、外周に複数の透孔２１を有する。そして鋼管２の上下端には、透水性を有する透水蓋２２を設ける。
鋼管２の内部にはゼオライト３を封止するため、透孔２１の径及び透水蓋２２の目はゼオライト３の径よりも小さいものとし、ゼオライト３を確実に封止する。
また、鋼管２は下端に雄ネジ部２３、上端に雌ネジ部２４を設け、お互いに螺合可能としてもよい。雄ネジ部２３及び雌ネジ部２４は中空状とする。 (1) Steel pipe The steel pipe 2 has been conventionally used as a pile penetrating into the ground.
The steel pipe 2 has a plurality of through holes 21 on the outer periphery. And in the upper and lower ends of the steel pipe 2, the water-permeable cover 22 which has water permeability is provided.
In order to seal the zeolite 3 inside the steel pipe 2, the diameter of the through-hole 21 and the eyes of the water-permeable lid 22 are made smaller than the diameter of the zeolite 3, and the zeolite 3 is reliably sealed.
The steel pipe 2 may be provided with a male screw portion 23 at the lower end and a female screw portion 24 at the upper end so that they can be screwed together. The male screw portion 23 and the female screw portion 24 are hollow.

（２）ゼオライト
ゼオライト３は鋼管２に封入する。
ゼオライト３は内部に空洞や細孔を多数有するため、表面積が大きく、放射性物質を吸着することが知られている。
ゼオライト３は鉱物であるため、取り扱いが容易である。 (2) Zeolite Zeolite 3 is enclosed in a steel pipe 2.
It is known that the zeolite 3 has a large number of cavities and pores inside, and therefore has a large surface area and adsorbs radioactive substances.
Since the zeolite 3 is a mineral, it is easy to handle.

（３）放射性物質回収装置の配置
放射性物質回収装置１は地盤４の下層地盤４２に貫入して埋設した状態で使用する（図３）。放射性物質回収装置１は、上位の放射性物質回収装置１ａの雄ネジ部２３ａと、下位の放射性物質回収装置１ｂの雌ネジ部２４ｂとの螺合を繰り返すことにより、複数本を連結し、地盤４の深さ方向に亘って配置することができる。このとき、最深に配置する放射性物質回収装置１ｃには雄ネジ部２３を設けなくても良い。また、最浅に配置する放射性物質回収装置１ａには、雌ネジ部２４を設けなくても良い。
放射性物質回収装置１は、所定の間隔を設けて、複数本貫入する。 (3) Arrangement of Radioactive Material Recovery Device The radioactive material recovery device 1 is used in a state of being embedded in the lower ground 42 of the ground 4 (FIG. 3). The radioactive substance recovery device 1 connects a plurality of pieces by repeatedly screwing the male screw portion 23a of the upper radioactive substance recovery device 1a and the female screw portion 24b of the lower radioactive substance recovery device 1b, and the ground 4 It can arrange | position over the depth direction. At this time, it is not necessary to provide the male screw part 23 in the radioactive substance recovery device 1c arranged at the deepest. Further, the radioactive thread recovery device 1a disposed at the shallowest position does not need to be provided with the female screw portion 24.
A plurality of radioactive substance recovery apparatuses 1 penetrates at predetermined intervals.

（４）放射性物質回収装置による放射性物質の吸着
放射性物質回収装置１の上端は透水蓋２２を設けているため、雨水等は表土４１中の放射性物質５を含んだ状態で放射性物質回収装置１の内部に流入する。そして、放射性物質５が放射性物質回収装置１の内部のゼオライト３に吸着される。放射性物質回収装置１は下端にも透水蓋２２を設けるため、水は地盤の深さ方向に連続する放射性物質回収装置１を通過するため、ゼオライト３による吸着性能が向上する。
また、放射性物質回収装置１は、外周に透孔２１を有するため、下層地盤４２に浸透した雨水や地盤中の地下水などが、透孔２１から放射性物質回収装置１の内部に流入する。このため、下層地盤４２中の放射性物質５も、放射性物質回収装置１の内部に流入し、ゼオライト３に吸着される。 (4) Adsorption of radioactive material by the radioactive material recovery device Since the upper end of the radioactive material recovery device 1 is provided with a water permeable cover 22, rainwater and the like of the radioactive material recovery device 1 in a state including the radioactive material 5 in the topsoil 41. Flows into the interior. The radioactive substance 5 is adsorbed on the zeolite 3 inside the radioactive substance recovery apparatus 1. Since the radioactive substance recovery apparatus 1 is also provided with the water permeable cover 22 at the lower end, water passes through the radioactive substance recovery apparatus 1 continuous in the depth direction of the ground, so that the adsorption performance by the zeolite 3 is improved.
Further, since the radioactive substance recovery device 1 has the through holes 21 on the outer periphery, rainwater that has penetrated into the lower layer ground 42, groundwater in the ground, or the like flows into the radioactive substance recovery device 1 from the through holes 21. For this reason, the radioactive substance 5 in the lower ground 42 also flows into the radioactive substance recovery apparatus 1 and is adsorbed by the zeolite 3.

（５）放射性物質の回収
放射性物質５を吸着したゼオライト３を内封した放射性物質回収装置１ごと、地盤４から抜き出して、放射性物質５を回収する。
放射性物質５はゼオライト３に吸着された状態で放射性物質回収装置１に封止されており、容易に回収することができ、処理施設への運搬も容易である。 (5) Recovery of radioactive substance The whole radioactive substance recovery device 1 enclosing the zeolite 3 adsorbing the radioactive substance 5 is extracted from the ground 4 and the radioactive substance 5 is recovered.
The radioactive substance 5 is sealed in the radioactive substance recovery device 1 while being adsorbed on the zeolite 3, and can be easily recovered and easily transported to a treatment facility.

＜２＞放射性物質回収工法について
次に、放射性物質回収装置１を用いた放射性物質回収工法について説明する。 <2> About the radioactive substance recovery method Next, the radioactive substance recovery method using the radioactive substance recovery device 1 will be described.

（１）放射性物質回収装置の形成
鋼管２の内部にゼオライト３を投入し、透水蓋２２により鋼管２の両端を封止して、放射性物質回収装置１とする。雄ネジ部２３及び雌ネジ部２４は、地盤中における配置位置に合わせて、適宜設ける。 (1) Formation of Radioactive Material Recovery Device Zeolite 3 is introduced into the steel tube 2 and both ends of the steel tube 2 are sealed with the water-permeable lid 22 to obtain the radioactive material recovery device 1. The male screw portion 23 and the female screw portion 24 are appropriately provided according to the arrangement position in the ground.

（２）表土の掘削
校庭などの放射性物質５に汚染された地盤４の表土４１を掘削する（図４ａ）。 (2) Excavation of topsoil The topsoil 41 of the ground 4 contaminated with radioactive substances 5 such as a schoolyard is excavated (FIG. 4a).

（３）地盤への貫入
表土４１を掘削した後、放射性物質回収装置１を下層地盤４２中に圧入や回転圧入により貫入する（図４ｂ）。放射性物質回収装置１は従来から杭として用いられている鋼管２からなるため、従来の鋼管杭の貫入と同様の方法により、容易に貫入できる。 (3) Penetration into the ground After excavating the topsoil 41, the radioactive material recovery device 1 is penetrated into the lower ground 42 by press-fitting or rotary press-fitting (FIG. 4b). Since the radioactive substance recovery device 1 is composed of a steel pipe 2 that has been conventionally used as a pile, it can be easily penetrated by the same method as the penetration of a conventional steel pipe pile.

（４）放射性物質回収装置の連結
複数本の放射性物質回収装置１を連結して地盤４中に配置する場合には、まず、下位に位置する放射性物質回収装置１ｂを所定の深さまで貫入する。放射性物質回収装置１ｂは、上端に雌ネジ部２４ｂを設けておく。
そして、図示しない杭打ち機等に吊り下げた放射性物質回収装置１ａの雄ネジ部２３ａと放射性物質回収装置１ｂの雌ネジ部２４ｂを螺合し、放射性物質回収装置１ａ、１ｂを連結する（図４ｃ）。
そして、上位の放射性物質回収装置１ａに圧力や回転力を加えながら、放射性物質回収装置１ａ、１ｂを地盤に貫入する。
この工程を、連結する放射性物質回収装置１の本数分繰り返し、地盤４中に放射性物質回収装置１を配置する。 (4) Connection of radioactive substance recovery device When a plurality of radioactive substance recovery devices 1 are connected and arranged in the ground 4, first, the radioactive material recovery device 1 b positioned at the lower level is penetrated to a predetermined depth. The radioactive substance recovery device 1b is provided with a female screw portion 24b at the upper end.
Then, the male screw portion 23a of the radioactive substance recovery device 1a suspended from a pile driving machine or the like (not shown) is screwed with the female screw portion 24b of the radioactive substance recovery device 1b to connect the radioactive substance recovery devices 1a and 1b (see FIG. 4c).
Then, the radioactive material recovery devices 1a and 1b are penetrated into the ground while applying pressure and rotational force to the upper radioactive material recovery device 1a.
This process is repeated for the number of radioactive substance recovery apparatuses 1 to be connected, and the radioactive substance recovery apparatus 1 is arranged in the ground 4.

（５）表土の埋め戻し
放射性物質回収装置１を貫入した地盤上に、掘削した表土４１を埋め戻す（図４ｄ）。
これにより、放射性物質回収装置１の上部に、放射性物質５を含む表土４１が配置される。 (5) Backfilling of topsoil The excavated topsoil 41 is backfilled on the ground that has penetrated the radioactive substance recovery device 1 (FIG. 4d).
Thereby, the topsoil 41 containing the radioactive substance 5 is arranged on the upper part of the radioactive substance recovery apparatus 1.

（６）放射性物質の吸着
貫入した放射性物質回収装置１には、表土４１中に含まれる放射性物質５が雨水とともに、透水蓋２２から放射性物質回収装置１の内部に入りこむ。そして、ゼオライト３が放射性物質５を吸着する。
また、表土４１から地盤４に浸透した放射性物質５も雨水や地下水などとともに、側面の透孔２１から放射性物質回収装置１の内部に入り込む。そして、ゼオライト３が放射性物質５を吸着する。 (6) Adsorption of radioactive material In the radioactive material recovery device 1 that has penetrated, the radioactive material 5 contained in the topsoil 41 enters the inside of the radioactive material recovery device 1 from the water-permeable lid 22 together with rainwater. Then, the zeolite 3 adsorbs the radioactive substance 5.
Further, the radioactive material 5 that has permeated into the ground 4 from the topsoil 41 enters the inside of the radioactive material recovery device 1 from the side through holes 21 together with rainwater, groundwater, and the like. Then, the zeolite 3 adsorbs the radioactive substance 5.

（７）放射性物質の回収
所定の期間、地盤４中に放射性物質回収装置１を貫入した状態にしておき、内部のゼオライト３に放射性物質５を吸着させる。
そして、表土４１を再度掘削し、放射性物質回収装置１を、ゼオライト３が吸放射性物質５を吸着した状態で、地盤４から抜き出す（図４ｅ）。
放射性物質５を吸着したゼオライト３は放射性物質回収装置１内部に封止されているため、回収作業が容易である。
複数本の放射性物質回収装置１が連結されている場合であっても、放射性物質回収装置１どうしは螺合しているのみであるため、容易に分割することができる。
放射性物質回収装置１は、放射性物質５を内封した状態で、処理施設等に運搬する。
以上の工程により地盤４の浄化が完了していない場合には、放射性物質回収装置１を再度貫入して、放射性物質５の吸着、回収を行う。 (7) Recovery of radioactive substance The radioactive substance recovery device 1 is left in the ground 4 for a predetermined period, and the radioactive substance 5 is adsorbed on the zeolite 3 inside.
Then, the topsoil 41 is excavated again, and the radioactive substance recovery device 1 is extracted from the ground 4 with the zeolite 3 adsorbing the radioactive substance 5 (FIG. 4e).
Since the zeolite 3 adsorbing the radioactive substance 5 is sealed inside the radioactive substance recovery apparatus 1, the recovery operation is easy.
Even when a plurality of radioactive substance recovery apparatuses 1 are connected, since the radioactive substance recovery apparatuses 1 are only screwed together, they can be easily divided.
The radioactive substance recovery device 1 transports the radioactive substance 5 to a treatment facility or the like with the radioactive substance 5 enclosed.
When the purification of the ground 4 is not completed by the above steps, the radioactive substance recovery device 1 is again penetrated and the radioactive substance 5 is adsorbed and recovered.

１・・・・放射性物質回収装置
２・・・・鋼管
２１・・・透孔
２２・・・透水蓋
２３・・・雄ネジ部
２４・・・雌ネジ部
３・・・・ゼオライト
４・・・・地盤
４１・・・表土
５・・・・放射性物質 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 .... Radioactive material collection | recovery apparatus 2 .... Steel pipe 21 ... Through-hole 22 ... Water-permeable cover 23 ... Male screw part 24 ... Female screw part 3 ... Zeolite 4 ... .... Ground 41 ... Topsoil 5 ... Radioactive material

Claims (3)

鋼管と、
前記鋼管内部に封入するゼオライトと、からなり、
前記鋼管の外周には、複数の透孔を形成し、
前記鋼管の上下端には、透水性を有する透水蓋を設けることを特徴とする、放射性物質回収装置。 Steel pipes,
Consisting of zeolite enclosed inside the steel pipe,
A plurality of through holes are formed on the outer periphery of the steel pipe ,
The radioactive substance recovery apparatus characterized by providing a water-permeable water-permeable lid on the upper and lower ends of the steel pipe . 請求項１に記載の放射性物質回収装置において、
前記鋼管は、長さ方向に連結可能であることを特徴とする、放射性物質回収装置。 In the radioactive substance recovery device according to claim 1,
The radioactive material recovery apparatus, wherein the steel pipe is connectable in a length direction. 請求項１又は請求項２に記載の放射性物質回収装置を用いた、放射性物質回収工法であって、
汚染された地盤の表土を掘削し、
前記放射性物質回収装置を前記地盤中に貫入し、
前記放射性物質回収装置を貫入した地盤上に掘削した前記表土を埋め戻し、
汚染した土壌を経由して前記放射性物質回収装置内を通過する透過水中の放射性物質を、前記ゼオライトに吸着し、
前記地盤から前記放射性物質回収装置を引き抜き、前記ゼオライトごと放射性物質を回収することを特徴とする、放射性物質回収工法。 A radioactive substance recovery method using the radioactive substance recovery apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
Excavating the topsoil of the contaminated ground,
Penetrating the radioactive substance recovery device in said ground,
Backfill the topsoil excavated on the ground that has penetrated the radioactive material recovery device,
Adsorb the radioactive material in the permeated water passing through the radioactive material recovery device via the contaminated soil to the zeolite,
The radioactive substance recovery method, wherein the radioactive substance recovery device is pulled out from the ground and the radioactive substance is recovered together with the zeolite.
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