CN104131594A - Filling and water-pumping double-well treating method for treating polluted underground water - Google Patents
Filling and water-pumping double-well treating method for treating polluted underground water Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104131594A CN104131594A CN201410255900.0A CN201410255900A CN104131594A CN 104131594 A CN104131594 A CN 104131594A CN 201410255900 A CN201410255900 A CN 201410255900A CN 104131594 A CN104131594 A CN 104131594A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- well
- reducing agent
- pipe
- combination
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
The invention relates to a filling and water-pumping double-well treating method for treating polluted underground water. The filling and water-pumping double-well treating method for treating the polluted underground water is characterized in that a non-point source pollution area is provided with a filling reaction material well (17) and a water-pumping well (18) so as to form a 'filling and water-pumping' double-well; a filtering tube (6) is arranged on a water containing layer of a well wall tube (3); the upper portion of the well wall tube (3) is a waterproof tube (12); and a medium combined material layer (2) is arranged on the periphery of the filtering tube (6) on the well wall tube (3). The thickness of medium combined materials is determined according to pollution concentration of the underground water and the effect of the medium combined materials; reducing agents are injected in two ends of the medium combined material layer (2); by the injected reducing agents, removed materials can be recycled; a water quality monitoring instrument can dynamically monitor the quality of the underground water in real time; and water can be pumped through a water-pumping tube. The problems that non-point source pollution is difficult to treat and the underground water cannot be used are solved. The double purposes of removing pollutants and supplying water can be achieved by a single well.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to groundwater treatment technical field, be adapted to large area underground water contaminated area, particularly important supply water sources and suffer a kind of groundwater pollution of groundwater pollution recovery to fill in-draw water double well processing method.
Background technology
Non-point pollution comprises agricultural nonpoint source pollution and urban non-point source pollution, and along with the development of economic society and intensive agriculture, groundwater environment problem is developed to pollution of area source by point-source pollution gradually, is expanded to rural area by city.Especially a large amount of nitrogen-containing pollutants that use chemical fertilizer, fertilizer, industrial discharge in agricultural planting process, penetrate into for a long time in underground water, nitrate in groundwater content raises, make the content overproof of some regional nitrate nitrogen in ground waters of northern China, cause a large amount of water head site water quality to be polluted, safe drinking water and ecological environment are constituted a threat to, had a strong impact on the people's water supply security and healthy.The processing method of groundwater pollution and technique mainly contain dystopy processing method and original position repairing method, and wherein dystopy facture is the technology of processing by surface water treatment process, mainly comprise and pollute soil body excavation method and extract processing method; Original position repairing method is to save extraction under the condition of human intervention, and the technology of Polluted Groundwater being repaired in original place, mainly comprises: original position douche: repair materials is injected to underground pollution place, and at downstream extraction underground water, the method for repeatedly rinsing; In situ chemical oxidation method: oxidant is injected to underground water, with pollutant reaction; Permeable reactive barrier method (PRB): by excavation groove, filling reaction medium, makes groundwater pollutant be stopped and react, thereby reaches the object of degradation of contaminant.In above-mentioned these methods, apply at the scene at present comparatively effectively permeable reactive barrier (PRB) method, PRB method is to remove the method for underground water and soil pollution components for original position.PRB is generally arranged on underground reservoir, perpendicular to groundwater flow direction, the reaction material using is generally the zero-valent metal (the modal Fe0 of being) with stronger reducing power, and other also has activated carbon, ion exchange resin, phosphate and some natural materialss as chitin, zeolite, limestone, organic clay etc.The structure of PRB has continuous body of wall and channel form, all has different applicable elements, and its design and construction are subject to the especially impact of stratum and underflow of hydrogeological conditions.PRB also has certain limitation: be only adapted to directed groundwater pollutant diffusion, especially pinniform Pollutants Diffusion in soil horizon or phreatic water; Project organization form is simple, is generally groove structure or the channel form of diaphragm wall formula; The fitting depth of PRB is generally 10m left and right; The filling mode of PRB medium is for directly inserting in groove; Be generally 5～7 years the application life of the dielectric material of PRB, and dielectric material is difficult to recycle.Therefore darker when the aquifer degree of depth, while especially solving the pollution problem of phreatic surface source, the application of permeable reactive barrier technology is just restricted.2012, Water Resources Research Institute of Shangdong Province has carried out the original position reinstatement works test of groundwater azotate pollution, has obtained the patent of invention of " a kind of original position repair system construction technology of carrying out on medium coarse sand stratum " and the utility model patent of " a kind of PRB cover well ".Wherein patent of invention is the construction technology of repairing based on original position, lay particular emphasis on technical field of construction, how to build diaphragm wall, antiseepage stake, PRB(permeable reactive barrier) material, unifunctionally carrying out water quality monitoring, is mainly around PRB reaction wall, the distribution form of well and an invention of construction technology." a kind of PRB cover well " utility model patent is only a kind of cover well technology, is that a small diameter pipeline is installed in PRB well, is mainly used in water quality monitoring.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is mainly that the original position in order to solve pollution of area source district underground water is repaired problem, particularly importantly underground water seedbed and the darker Water quality restoration of the aquifer degree of depth, provides a kind of groundwater pollution " to fill in-draw water " double well processing method and technique thereby reach water treatment with supplying water two targets.Its main processing method is for filling in-draw water double well processing method, comprises filling in-pumped well, combining medium material technology is directly filled in aquifer, medium displacement and catalytic reduction regeneration technology, dynamic monitoring and pumping process etc. at times.Application of the present invention, provide one to be applicable to pollution of area source district, the particularly groundwater pollution district of Important Water Source, removal and processing method and the technique of the darker groundwater pollutant of the aquifer degree of depth, this invention can realize pollutant and process and water supply dual purpose.Principle of the present invention be utilize double well method manually build water level funnel carry out pollutant come process, offer and fill in well in pollution of area source district, the inner peripheral of filling in well well head builds reaction material well, the middle pumped well that builds, the water-head of well and pumped well is filled in utilization, underground water penetrates in pumped well after filling in well filtration, reaction, carries out the Transformatin of groundwater pollutant.Cylindrical space between pumped well and stratum is the space of filling in of reaction medium combined material, the runoff of underground water and the space of pollutant removal; Utilize double well construction process to merge fill in well and pumped well with the design in a boring, thereby realize water treatment and the dual purpose of the direct-furnish water factory of drawing water.Concrete implementation method is as follows:
Double well is filled in-drawn water to a kind of groundwater pollution, it is characterized in that: in pollution of area source district, reaction material well is set, on the inwall of reaction material well, wall casing is set, in wall casing, it is pumped well, filling in reaction material well and pumped well forms and fills in-draw water double well, the position, aquifer of wall casing is provided with filter pipe, the top of wall casing is waterproof pipe, the outer Wall that wall casing is provided with filter pipe is provided with combination of media material layer, combination of media material layer above between the outer Wall of waterproof pipe and ground, fill in clay ball through interlayer, prevent that sewage from entering in well along wall casing, the bottom of wall casing is embedded in basement rock, drinking-water pipe is set in wall casing, the hole diameter of described pumped well is between 110cm～160cm, the internal diameter of described drinking-water pipe is between 10～20cm, the thickness of clay ball is at 0.5m～0.8m.
Double well processing method is filled in-drawn water to a kind of groundwater pollution:
One, fill in and remove combination of media material at the cylindrical space of combination of media material layer, determine the thickness of combined material according to the effect of the pollution concentration of underground water and combination of media material, thickness general control is at 50～70cm, for preventing from causing in filler process the water conservancy sorting of combination of media material, inserting of combination of media material adopts physics to spray slip casting method or mechanical injection method, and combination of media material is filled in and entered position, aquifer.
Two, reducing agent regularly injects: the physical life of nitrate removal material is generally in 7～10 years, in order to ensure recycling of material, need to inject reducing agent at the two ends of combination of media material layer, reducing agent injection device is arranged in the regional well that need to carry out groundwater azotate processing, this reducing agent injection device is provided with inflatable capsule and the reducing agent intrusion pipe of two series connection, reducing agent intrusion pipe is provided with fluid hole 19, inflatable capsule is connected with forcing pipe and communicating pipe, to water filling in inflatable capsule, under the pressure-acting of force (forcing) pump, upper and lower two inflatable capsules expand, gap between shutoff intrusion pipe and wall casing, pipeline section between two expanded capsules forms reducing agent slurries outflow tube section, reducing agent slurries are flowed out by fluid hole, outflow tube section can be placed on positions different in well, apply reducing agent with the processing well reaction material for diverse location, the injection of this reducing agent, can make to remove the utilization of material repetitive cycling, solve removal materials'use age limit problem, and can effectively solve the blockage problem of nitrate removal material,
Three, draw water and water quality monitoring: after regularly injecting reducing agent, the reducing agent injection device in fill in-pumped well can be withdrawn from, and water quality monitoring instrument is installed, real-time dynamic monitoring quality of groundwater, can draw water by drinking-water pipe, after the underground water of existing pollution in well is discharged, be clean underground water through the underground water of removing after filtration of material, the water quality of underground water reaches in drinking water after Water Quality For Groundwater Sources standard, can constant flow directly for water supply plant or user.
The present invention is processing method and the technique of carrying out " fill in-draw water " well of original position repair system at phreatic surface source IA: solved pollution of area source and be difficult to the problem of administering, underground water cannot be drunk, the structure of its double well single well of only need to constructing, just can reach the dual purpose of pollutant removal and water supply.Under pumping with constant rate state, can ensure that the water body entering in well all passes through combining medium material, water quality is through coagulation, reach the object of degraded, removal pollutant, form underground water in-situ treatment system, draw water to reach the object of water supply by pumped well, the method and technique can be widely used in processing and the water supply of the pollutant in pollution of area source district underground water.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of fill in-pumped well of the present invention.
detailed description of the invention
The present invention is adapted to pollution of area source district groundwater pollutant to remove the processing method of filling in-drawing water double well of taking into account water supply.With reference to accompanying drawing, concrete embodiment is as follows:
Double well is filled in-drawn water to a kind of groundwater pollution, it is characterized in that: in pollution of area source district, reaction material well 17 is set, wall casing 3 is set on the inwall of reaction material well 17, in wall casing 3, it is pumped well 18, filling in reaction material well 17 forms and fills in-draw water double well with pumped well 18, the position, aquifer of wall casing 3 is provided with filter pipe 6, the top of wall casing 3 is waterproof pipe 12, the outer Wall that wall casing 3 is provided with filter pipe 6 is provided with combination of media material layer 2, combination of media material layer 2 above between the outer Wall of waterproof pipe 12 and ground 9, fill in clay ball 7 through interlayer 5, prevent that sewage from entering in well along wall casing 3, the bottom of wall casing 3 is embedded in basement rock 8, the interior drinking-water pipe 1 that arranges of wall casing 3, the hole diameter of described pumped well 18 is between 110cm～160cm, the internal diameter of described drinking-water pipe 1 is between 10～20cm, the thickness of clay ball 7 is at 0.5m～0.8m.
Double well processing method is filled in-drawn water to a kind of groundwater pollution:
One, fill in and remove combination of media material at the cylindrical space of combination of media material layer 2, determine the thickness of combined material according to the effect of the pollution concentration of underground water and combination of media material, thickness general control is at 50～70cm, for preventing from causing in filler process the water conservancy sorting of combination of media material, inserting of combination of media material adopts physics to spray slip casting method or mechanical injection method, and combination of media material is filled in and entered position, aquifer.
Two, reducing agent regularly injects: the physical life of nitrate removal material is generally in 7～10 years, in order to ensure recycling of material, need to inject reducing agent at the two ends of combination of media material layer 2, reducing agent injection device 11 is arranged in the regional well that need to carry out groundwater azotate processing, this reducing agent injection device 11 is provided with inflatable capsule 13 and the reducing agent intrusion pipe 14 of two series connection, reducing agent intrusion pipe 14 is provided with fluid hole 19, inflatable capsule 13 is connected with forcing pipe 15 and communicating pipe 16, to the interior water filling of inflatable capsule 13, under the pressure-acting of force (forcing) pump, upper and lower two inflatable capsules 13 expand, shutoff intrusion pipe 14 and wall casing
3between gap, pipeline section between two expanded capsules 13 forms reducing agent slurries outflow tube section, reducing agent slurries are flowed out by fluid hole 19, outflow tube section can be placed on positions different in well, apply reducing agent with the processing well reaction material for diverse location, the injection of this reducing agent, can make to remove the utilization of material repetitive cycling, solve removal materials'use age limit problem, and can effectively solve the blockage problem of nitrate removal material,
Three, draw water and water quality monitoring: after regularly injecting reducing agent, the reducing agent injection device 11 of filling in-drawing water in double well well can be withdrawn from, and water quality monitoring instrument is installed, real-time dynamic monitoring quality of groundwater, can draw water by drinking-water pipe 1, after the underground water of existing pollution in well is discharged, be clean underground water through the underground water of removing after filtration of material, the water quality of underground water reaches in drinking water after Water Quality For Groundwater Sources standard, can constant flow directly for water supply plant or user.
Claims (2)
1. double well is filled in-drawn water to a groundwater pollution, it is characterized in that: reaction material well (17) is set in pollution of area source district, wall casing (3) is set on the inwall of reaction material well (17), in wall casing (3), be pumped well (18), filling in reaction material well (17) forms and fills in-draw water double well with pumped well (18), the position, aquifer of wall casing (3) is provided with filter pipe (6), the top of wall casing (3) is waterproof pipe (12), the outer Wall that wall casing (3) is provided with filter pipe (6) is provided with combination of media material layer (2), combination of media material layer (2) above between the outer Wall of waterproof pipe (12) and ground (9), fill in clay ball (7) through interlayer (5), prevent that sewage from entering in well along wall casing (3), the bottom of wall casing (3) is embedded in basement rock (8), drinking-water pipe (1) is set in wall casing (3), the hole diameter of described pumped well (18) is between 110cm～160cm, the internal diameter of described drinking-water pipe (1) is between 10～20cm, the thickness of clay ball (7) is at 0.5m～0.8m.
2. a double well processing method is filled in-drawn water to groundwater pollution, it is characterized in that: method is as follows:
One, fill in and remove combination of media material at the cylindrical space of combination of media material layer (2), determine the thickness of combination of media material according to the effect of the pollution concentration of underground water and combination of media material, thickness general control is at 50～70cm, for preventing from causing in filler process the water conservancy sorting of combination of media material, inserting of combination of media material adopts physics to spray slip casting method or mechanical injection method, and combination of media material is filled in and entered position, aquifer;
Two, reducing agent regularly injects: the physical life of nitrate removal material is generally in 7～10 years, in order to ensure recycling of material, need in the two ends of combination of media material layer (2), inject reducing agent, reducing agent injection device (11) is arranged in the regional well that need to carry out groundwater azotate processing, this reducing agent injection device (11) is provided with inflatable capsule (13) and the reducing agent intrusion pipe (14) of two series connection, reducing agent intrusion pipe (14) is provided with fluid hole (19), inflatable capsule (13) is connected with forcing pipe (15) and communicating pipe (16), to the interior water filling of inflatable capsule (13), under the pressure-acting of force (forcing) pump, upper and lower two inflatable capsules (13) expand, shutoff intrusion pipe (14) and wall casing (
3) between gap, pipeline section between two expanded capsules (13) forms reducing agent slurries outflow tube section, reducing agent slurries are flowed out by fluid hole (19), outflow tube section can be placed on positions different in well, apply reducing agent with the processing well reaction material for diverse location, the injection of this reducing agent, can make to remove the utilization of material repetitive cycling, solve removal materials'use age limit problem, and can effectively solve the blockage problem of nitrate removal material,
Three, drawing water and water quality monitoring: regularly injecting after reducing agent can be filling in-drawing water " reducing agent injection device (11) in double well well withdraws from; and water quality monitoring instrument is installed; real-time dynamic monitoring quality of groundwater; can draw water by drinking-water pipe (1); after the underground water of existing pollution in well is discharged; be clean underground water through the underground water of removing after filtration of material, the water quality of underground water reaches in drinking water after Water Quality For Groundwater Sources standard, can constant flow directly for water supply plant or user.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410255900.0A CN104131594B (en) | 2014-06-11 | 2014-06-11 | Double well processing method is filled in-drawn water to underground water pollution |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410255900.0A CN104131594B (en) | 2014-06-11 | 2014-06-11 | Double well processing method is filled in-drawn water to underground water pollution |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104131594A true CN104131594A (en) | 2014-11-05 |
| CN104131594B CN104131594B (en) | 2016-07-13 |
Family
ID=51804434
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410255900.0A Active CN104131594B (en) | 2014-06-11 | 2014-06-11 | Double well processing method is filled in-drawn water to underground water pollution |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104131594B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105460986A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-06 | 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Method for in-situ restoration of polluted site |
| CN107938752A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-20 | 武汉都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of safe water intake well |
| CN108580530A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-09-28 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | The pollution amelioration device injected in situ for single-layer or multi-layer |
| CN109403423A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-01 | 黑龙江省九0四环境工程勘察设计院 | Equipment for pumping ground water |
| CN112028406A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-04 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Underground water in-situ remediation device and method based on directional drilling |
| CN114524533A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-05-24 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Underground water in-situ remediation device and method for increasing seepage path |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11303153A (en) * | 1998-04-20 | 1999-11-02 | Hiroshi Igarashi | Underground water intake device and circulating type water treatment method and device therefor |
| CN202688016U (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2013-01-23 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | In-situ repair device for underground water |
| CN102923798A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2013-02-13 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Device and method for repairing underground water ammonia nitrogen pollution in normal position and abnormal position combined mode |
| CN203117005U (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2013-08-07 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | PRB (Permeable Reactive Barrier) casing well |
| CN203866897U (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-10-08 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Filling-pumping double-function well for treating groundwater pollution |
-
2014
- 2014-06-11 CN CN201410255900.0A patent/CN104131594B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11303153A (en) * | 1998-04-20 | 1999-11-02 | Hiroshi Igarashi | Underground water intake device and circulating type water treatment method and device therefor |
| CN202688016U (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2013-01-23 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | In-situ repair device for underground water |
| CN203117005U (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2013-08-07 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | PRB (Permeable Reactive Barrier) casing well |
| CN102923798A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2013-02-13 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Device and method for repairing underground water ammonia nitrogen pollution in normal position and abnormal position combined mode |
| CN203866897U (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-10-08 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Filling-pumping double-function well for treating groundwater pollution |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105460986A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-06 | 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Method for in-situ restoration of polluted site |
| CN105460986B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2019-01-11 | 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of in-situ remediation method of contaminated site |
| CN107938752A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-20 | 武汉都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of safe water intake well |
| CN107938752B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2020-05-15 | 中冶南方都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Safety water taking well |
| CN108580530A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-09-28 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | The pollution amelioration device injected in situ for single-layer or multi-layer |
| CN109403423A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-01 | 黑龙江省九0四环境工程勘察设计院 | Equipment for pumping ground water |
| CN109403423B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2024-03-22 | 黑龙江省九0四环境工程勘察设计院 | Groundwater extraction device |
| CN112028406A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-04 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Underground water in-situ remediation device and method based on directional drilling |
| CN112028406B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2022-11-25 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Underground water in-situ remediation device and method based on directional drilling |
| CN114524533A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-05-24 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Underground water in-situ remediation device and method for increasing seepage path |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104131594B (en) | 2016-07-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP6686185B2 (en) | Soil and groundwater in-situ injection-high pressure jet grout injection in-situ repair system and method | |
| CN104131594B (en) | Double well processing method is filled in-drawn water to underground water pollution | |
| CN203866897U (en) | Filling-pumping double-function well for treating groundwater pollution | |
| CN108314106B (en) | DNAPL (deoxyribonucleic acid-styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer) polluted underground water in-situ remediation method | |
| CN102923798B (en) | Device and method for repairing underground water ammonia nitrogen pollution in normal position and abnormal position combined mode | |
| CN106145335B (en) | A kind of discontinuous permeable reactive wall repairs the system and method for polluted underground water | |
| CN204999675U (en) | Soil groundwater normal position is poured into into and is extracted joint prosthetic devices with circulation | |
| CN102923838B (en) | Device and method for repairing underground water nitrate pollution | |
| CN203184331U (en) | Combined repair system for soil and underwater repair | |
| CN102635122A (en) | Dewatering-recharging integrated device and process for foundation pit engineering | |
| JP2013535597A (en) | In-situ leaching method by liquid injection | |
| CN205762951U (en) | Soil and subsoil water inject high-pressure rotary-spray injection in-situ remediation system in situ | |
| CN102923822B (en) | Restoring device and restoring method for treating fluorine pollution of groundwater | |
| CN106734178A (en) | Comprehensive restoration system and method for polluted site | |
| CN205099474U (en) | Stake formula permeable reaction wall system of repairing of arc shooting | |
| CN211707713U (en) | Multifunctional well | |
| CN107159698B (en) | Method for in-situ remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil by three-dimensional well leaching combined stabilization | |
| CN104971939A (en) | Remediation system and method for land polluted by chloro nitrotoluene | |
| CN105712412A (en) | In situ perfusion method for remediation of organic contaminated groundwater | |
| CN106186123A (en) | Hypotonicity contaminated site circulation controllable groundwater remediation system and restorative procedure | |
| CN110104892B (en) | Vortex solidified underground water restoration system and restoration method thereof | |
| CN202688016U (en) | In-situ repair device for underground water | |
| CN103880142B (en) | Method for plating iron and in situ removing arsenic for regional aquifer | |
| CN212121196U (en) | Multi-layer circulating well system for soil and underground water remediation | |
| CN210012715U (en) | Vortex solidification groundwater repair system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |