JP5807681B2 - Hot press mold - Google Patents

Hot press mold Download PDF

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JP5807681B2
JP5807681B2 JP2013530900A JP2013530900A JP5807681B2 JP 5807681 B2 JP5807681 B2 JP 5807681B2 JP 2013530900 A JP2013530900 A JP 2013530900A JP 2013530900 A JP2013530900 A JP 2013530900A JP 5807681 B2 JP5807681 B2 JP 5807681B2
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mold
workpiece
memory alloy
shape memory
alloy layer
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JPWO2013030916A1 (en
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愼治 石井
愼治 石井
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/01—Selection of materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling

Description

本発明は、加熱されたワークに対して、プレス加工を行うと同時に冷却を行うホットプレス成形に用いる金型構造に関する。   The present invention relates to a mold structure used for hot press molding in which a heated workpiece is cooled at the same time as being pressed.

従来、オーステナイト組織が現れる温度以上まで加熱された鋼板等のワークに対して、上型及び下型からなる金型が取り付けられたプレス装置によってプレス加工を行うと同時に、金型とワークとの接触による冷却を利用した焼き入れ処理を施すホットプレス成形が広く知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   Conventionally, a workpiece such as a steel plate heated to a temperature at which an austenite structure appears or higher is pressed by a press device to which a die composed of an upper die and a lower die is attached, and at the same time, the die contacts the workpiece. Hot press molding which performs a quenching process using cooling due to the above is widely known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

特開２００９−７２８０１号公報JP 2009-72801 A

従来のホットプレス用金型では、成型品形状に起因するしわ、若しくは、金型の製作精度、金型の撓み、プレス装置の撓み等によって、型締め状態の金型とワークとの当たり方（当たりの強さ）に差が生じる。これにより、金型とワークの間に隙間が生じてしまい、ワークの均一な冷却ができないという問題がある。
そこで、本発明は、金型とワークの間に隙間が発生することを抑制し、金型とワークの均一な接触を実現できるホットプレス用金型を提供する。 In conventional hot press molds, how to contact the mold in a mold-clamped state with the workpiece due to wrinkles due to the shape of the molded product, mold fabrication accuracy, mold deflection, press machine deflection, etc. Difference in strength of hit). This creates a gap between the mold and the workpiece, and there is a problem that the workpiece cannot be uniformly cooled.
Therefore, the present invention provides a hot press die that can suppress the occurrence of a gap between the die and the workpiece and can realize uniform contact between the die and the workpiece.

本発明のホットプレス用金型は、互いの成形面が対向するように配置される固定型及び可動型を具備し、加熱されたワークを前記固定型及び可動型によって挟み込んでプレス加工を行うと同時に、前記ワークの表面に前記固定型及び可動型の成形面を接触させた状態で保持することで、前記ワークを冷却するホットプレス用金型であって、前記固定型の成形面のうち、少なくとも前記プレス加工時に、当該プレス加工におけるプレス方向と直交する部位であって、前記可動型の当たりが強くなる部位に形状記憶合金によって構成される層が形成される。 The hot press mold of the present invention comprises a fixed mold and a movable mold arranged so that their molding surfaces face each other, and when a heated work is sandwiched between the fixed mold and the movable mold and pressed. At the same time, a mold for hot pressing that cools the workpiece by holding the molding surface of the fixed mold and the movable mold in contact with the surface of the workpiece, and among the molding surfaces of the stationary mold, At least during the pressing process, a layer made of a shape memory alloy is formed in a part perpendicular to the pressing direction in the pressing process and where the movable mold hits strongly.

前記ワークの製品形状は、長手方向にハット型断面を有するものであり、前記固定型の成形面において、前記ワークの製品形状におけるハット型断面のフランジ面及び頂面に対応する部位に、前記形状記憶合金層が形成されることが好ましい。   The product shape of the workpiece has a hat-shaped cross section in the longitudinal direction, and the shape of the fixed mold on the surface corresponding to the flange surface and the top surface of the hat-shaped cross section of the product shape of the workpiece. A memory alloy layer is preferably formed.

前記固定型の成形面に形成される形状記憶合金層は、超弾性合金によって構成されることが好ましい。   The shape memory alloy layer formed on the molding surface of the fixed mold is preferably composed of a superelastic alloy.

本発明のホットプレス用金型によれば、金型とワークの間に隙間が発生することを抑制し、金型とワークの均一な接触を実現できる。   According to the hot press die of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a gap between the die and the workpiece, and to realize uniform contact between the die and the workpiece.

ホットプレス用金型を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the metal mold | die for hot press. 成形面に形状記憶合金が設けられた下型を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the lower mold | type in which the shape memory alloy was provided in the molding surface. ホットプレス用金型を用いたホットプレス加工を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the hot press process using the metal mold | die for hot press. 成形面に形状記憶合金が設けられた下型の別実施形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows another embodiment of the lower mold | type in which the shape memory alloy was provided in the molding surface. ホットプレス用金型の別実施形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows another embodiment of the metal mold | die for hot presses.

金型１は、ワーク２に対してホットプレス成形を施し、製品を作製するホットプレス用金型である。図１に示すように、金型１は、下型１０と上型２０を具備し、それらの間でワーク２を挟み込んでプレスすることで、ワーク２を所定の製品形状に成形する。
ワーク２は、鋼板であり、オーステナイト組織が現れる温度以上に加熱された状態で金型１に投入される。ワーク２は、金型１内で製品形状に成形されるとともに、下型１０と上型２０で挟み込まれた状態で一定時間保持されることにより、急冷されて焼き入れされる。 The mold 1 is a hot press mold for producing a product by subjecting the work 2 to hot press molding. As shown in FIG. 1, the mold 1 includes a lower mold 10 and an upper mold 20, and the work 2 is sandwiched and pressed between them to form the work 2 into a predetermined product shape.
The workpiece 2 is a steel plate and is put into the mold 1 in a state of being heated to a temperature higher than the temperature at which the austenite structure appears. The workpiece 2 is molded into a product shape in the mold 1 and held for a certain period of time while being sandwiched between the lower mold 10 and the upper mold 20, thereby being quenched and quenched.

ワーク２は、長手方向にハット型断面を有する製品形状に成形される。つまり、ワーク２の製品形状は、金型１におけるプレス方向と直交する面として形成されるフランジ面及び頂面を有し、これらフランジ面と頂面を繋ぐ壁面を有する。この製品形状における壁面は、金型１のプレス方向に略平行な面として形成される。
なお、フランジ面及び頂面はプレス方向に対して厳密に直交するものに限らず、ある程度の傾きを有するもの（例えば、プレス方向に対する傾きが３０度以下の面）でも良く、そのようなフランジ面及び頂面を有する製品が一般的にハット型断面を有するものとして用いられる範囲であれば良い。 The workpiece 2 is formed into a product shape having a hat-shaped cross section in the longitudinal direction. That is, the product shape of the workpiece 2 has a flange surface and a top surface formed as surfaces orthogonal to the pressing direction in the mold 1 and has a wall surface connecting these flange surfaces and the top surface. The wall surface in this product shape is formed as a surface substantially parallel to the pressing direction of the mold 1.
The flange surface and the top surface are not limited to those that are strictly perpendicular to the pressing direction, and may have a certain degree of inclination (for example, a surface having an inclination with respect to the pressing direction of 30 degrees or less). And the product which has a top surface should just be a range generally used as what has a hat-shaped cross section.

下型１０は、固定型として構成され、床面等に固定される。下型１０には、上型２０に対して突出する凸部が形成されており、下型１０は、上方に向けた凸型として構成される。
上型２０は、可動型として構成される。上型２０は、適宜のプレス装置に支持され、下型１０に対して移動可能である。上型２０には、下型１０の凸部に対応した凹部が形成されており、上型２０は凹型として構成される。
下型１０及び上型２０の互いに対向する表面は、成形面として形成され、その成形面の形状に応じてワーク２が成形される。言い換えれば、下型１０及び上型２０は、ワーク２の製品形状に応じた成形面を有し、互いの成形面が対向するように配置される。 The lower mold 10 is configured as a fixed mold and is fixed to a floor surface or the like. The lower mold 10 is formed with a convex portion that protrudes with respect to the upper mold 20, and the lower mold 10 is configured as a convex mold facing upward.
The upper mold 20 is configured as a movable mold. The upper mold 20 is supported by an appropriate press device and is movable with respect to the lower mold 10. The upper mold 20 is formed with a concave portion corresponding to the convex portion of the lower mold 10, and the upper mold 20 is configured as a concave mold.
The mutually opposing surfaces of the lower mold 10 and the upper mold 20 are formed as molding surfaces, and the workpiece 2 is molded according to the shape of the molding surface. In other words, the lower mold 10 and the upper mold 20 have a molding surface corresponding to the product shape of the workpiece 2 and are arranged so that the molding surfaces face each other.

図２に示すように、下型１０の成形面の全域には、形状記憶合金層３０が形成されている。
形状記憶合金層３０は、形状記憶合金を下型１０の表面にレーザ溶接等によって溶接することによって、下型１０と一体的に形成される合金層である。形状記憶合金層３０は、金型１の成形性に影響を及ぼさない範囲の厚みで形成される。 As shown in FIG. 2, a shape memory alloy layer 30 is formed over the entire molding surface of the lower mold 10.
The shape memory alloy layer 30 is an alloy layer formed integrally with the lower die 10 by welding the shape memory alloy to the surface of the lower die 10 by laser welding or the like. The shape memory alloy layer 30 is formed with a thickness that does not affect the moldability of the mold 1.

形状記憶合金層３０を構成する形状記憶合金としては、Ｎｉ−Ｔｉ合金、鉄系形状記憶合金等、一般的に用いられる合金を利用できる。ただし、形状記憶合金層３０を構成する形状記憶合金は、少なくとも金型１によるワーク２のホットプレス時に、変態点に達して超弾性の特性を発揮することが必要である。
ここで、形状記憶合金層３０を構成する形状記憶合金の性質として、金型１を型締めした状態でワーク２からの熱伝達によって容易に（例えば数秒後に）形状回復温度に到達し得る組成を有することが好ましく、さらには、常温（２０℃程度）以下が形状回復温度として設定される超弾性合金であることが好ましい。 As the shape memory alloy constituting the shape memory alloy layer 30, a commonly used alloy such as a Ni—Ti alloy or an iron-based shape memory alloy can be used. However, the shape memory alloy constituting the shape memory alloy layer 30 needs to reach the transformation point and exhibit superelastic characteristics at least when the workpiece 2 is hot pressed by the mold 1.
Here, as a property of the shape memory alloy constituting the shape memory alloy layer 30, a composition that can easily reach the shape recovery temperature by heat transfer from the workpiece 2 in a state where the mold 1 is clamped (for example, after several seconds). Preferably, it is a superelastic alloy in which the normal temperature (about 20 ° C.) or lower is set as the shape recovery temperature.

図３を用いて、金型１を用いてワーク２をホットプレスする際の形状記憶合金層３０の働きについて説明する。   The function of the shape memory alloy layer 30 when the workpiece 2 is hot pressed using the mold 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

図３に示すように、ワーク２をセットした状態で、上型２０を下型１０に対して移動させることによって、ワーク２のプレス加工が開始される。そして、上型２０をさらに移動させ、下死点に到達した状態で所定時間保持する。
このとき、下型１０の成形面に形成されている形状記憶合金層３０は、ワーク２からの熱伝達により、又は、その形状回復温度の設定により、超弾性変形可能となる。このため、上型２０の当たりが強い部位（製品におけるフランジ面、頂面等、プレス方向に直交する面に対応する部位）では、上型２０及びワーク２から受けるプレス力に応じて超弾性変形する。当たりが強い部位では形状記憶合金層３０が超弾性変形してストロークし、さらに当たりが強い部位から弱い部位に向かって流動することによって、当たりが弱い部位の厚みを増やしてプレス荷重を掛けることができる。 As shown in FIG. 3, press work of the work 2 is started by moving the upper mold 20 with respect to the lower mold 10 with the work 2 set. And the upper mold | type 20 is moved further and it hold | maintains for the predetermined time in the state which reached | attained the bottom dead center.
At this time, the shape memory alloy layer 30 formed on the molding surface of the lower mold 10 can be superelastically deformed by heat transfer from the workpiece 2 or by setting its shape recovery temperature. For this reason, in a portion where the upper die 20 is strongly hit (a portion corresponding to a surface orthogonal to the pressing direction, such as a flange surface or a top surface in the product), superelastic deformation is performed according to the pressing force received from the upper die 20 and the workpiece 2. To do. The shape memory alloy layer 30 is superelastically deformed and stroked at a strong hitting portion, and further flows from a strong hitting portion toward a weaker portion, thereby increasing the thickness of the weak hitting portion and applying a press load. it can.

以上のように、形状記憶合金層３０の超弾性変形によって、ワーク２と下型１０の隙間を吸収できる。さらに、下型１０の成形面が形状記憶合金層３０によって変形することにより、下型１０とワーク２との当たり方が変わり、ワーク２と上型２０の間の当たりも改善される。これにより、ワーク２と上型２０との間にも隙間が生じ難くなる。すなわち、下型１０の成形面に形状記憶合金層３０を設けることにより、金型１とワーク２の間に隙間が発生することを抑制できる。
特に、本実施形態のようにワーク２の製品形状がハット型断面を有する場合は、曲げ量が大きい部位（コーナー部等）、縮みフランジ等にしわが発生し易いことが知られている。このようにしわが発生した場合でも形状記憶合金層３０が超弾性変形することにより、下型１０の成形面の一部がしわの内部に入り込むことによって、ワーク２と金型１との均一な接触を実現できる。また、ワーク２の製品形状に含まれる壁面部分への当たりを強くできるため、ワーク２の冷却に要する時間を短縮できる。従って、金型１を用いてワーク２をホットプレス加工する際に、品質を確保しつつ、サイクルタイムを短くできる。 As described above, the gap between the workpiece 2 and the lower mold 10 can be absorbed by the superelastic deformation of the shape memory alloy layer 30. Furthermore, when the molding surface of the lower mold 10 is deformed by the shape memory alloy layer 30, the manner in which the lower mold 10 and the work 2 are brought into contact changes, and the contact between the work 2 and the upper mold 20 is also improved. Thereby, it is difficult for a gap to be generated between the workpiece 2 and the upper mold 20. That is, by providing the shape memory alloy layer 30 on the molding surface of the lower mold 10, it is possible to suppress the generation of a gap between the mold 1 and the work 2.
In particular, when the product shape of the workpiece 2 has a hat-shaped cross section as in the present embodiment, it is known that wrinkles are likely to occur at a portion where the bending amount is large (such as a corner portion), a shrinkage flange, or the like. Even when wrinkles occur in this way, the shape memory alloy layer 30 is superelastically deformed, so that a part of the molding surface of the lower mold 10 enters the wrinkles, so that the workpiece 2 and the mold 1 are evenly contacted. Can be realized. Moreover, since the contact with the wall surface part contained in the product shape of the workpiece 2 can be increased, the time required for cooling the workpiece 2 can be shortened. Therefore, when hot pressing the workpiece 2 using the mold 1, the cycle time can be shortened while ensuring the quality.

金型１によるホットプレス終了後、上型２０によるプレス荷重が開放される。そして、形状記憶合金層３０は、超弾性特性により元の形状に戻る。   After the hot pressing by the mold 1 is completed, the pressing load by the upper mold 20 is released. The shape memory alloy layer 30 returns to its original shape due to the superelastic characteristics.

図４に示すように、下型１０に設けられる形状記憶合金層３０は、下型１０の成形面全域に配置する代わりに、部分的に配置しても良い。具体的には、下型１０の成形面における上型２０の当たりが強い部位である、ワーク２の製品形状のフランジ面及び頂面に対応する部位に、形状記憶合金層３０を配置する。これにより、上型２０の当たりが強い部位において形状記憶合金層３０が超弾性変形し、上型２０がストロークし、当たりの弱い部位となる壁面部分への当たりが強くなる。すなわち、金型１におけるワーク２への当たりを均一にできる。
このように、下型１０の成形面において、少なくとも当たりが強い部位（プレス方向と直交する部位）に形状記憶合金層３０を配置することによって、金型１とワーク２との接触を改善できる。 As shown in FIG. 4, the shape memory alloy layer 30 provided on the lower mold 10 may be partially disposed instead of being disposed on the entire molding surface of the lower mold 10. Specifically, the shape memory alloy layer 30 is disposed at a portion corresponding to the flange surface and top surface of the product shape of the workpiece 2, which is a portion where the upper die 20 is strongly hit on the molding surface of the lower die 10. As a result, the shape memory alloy layer 30 is superelastically deformed at a portion where the upper die 20 is strongly hit, and the upper die 20 is stroked, and the hit against the wall portion which is a weakly hit portion becomes stronger. That is, the contact with the workpiece 2 in the mold 1 can be made uniform.
As described above, by disposing the shape memory alloy layer 30 at least on the molding surface of the lower mold 10 (part orthogonal to the pressing direction), the contact between the mold 1 and the workpiece 2 can be improved.

図５に示すように、形状記憶合金層３０は、下型１０の成形面に加えて、上型２０の成形面に形成しても良い。上型２０の成形面に形状記憶合金層３０を設けることによって、金型１とワーク２との接触をさらに改善できる。   As shown in FIG. 5, the shape memory alloy layer 30 may be formed on the molding surface of the upper mold 20 in addition to the molding surface of the lower mold 10. By providing the shape memory alloy layer 30 on the molding surface of the upper mold 20, the contact between the mold 1 and the workpiece 2 can be further improved.

本発明は、加熱されたワークに対して、プレス加工を行うと同時に冷却を行うホットプレス成形に用いる金型に利用可能である。   INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be utilized for the metal mold | die used for the hot press molding which cools simultaneously with performing a press work with respect to the heated workpiece | work.

１：金型（ホットプレス用金型）、２：ワーク、１０：下型、２０：上型、３０：形状記憶合金層
1: mold (hot press mold), 2: workpiece, 10: lower mold, 20: upper mold, 30: shape memory alloy layer

Claims (3)

互いの成形面が対向するように配置される固定型及び可動型を具備し、加熱されたワークを前記固定型及び可動型によって挟み込んでプレス加工を行うと同時に、前記ワークの表面に前記固定型及び可動型の成形面を接触させた状態で保持することで、前記ワークを冷却するホットプレス用金型であって、
前記固定型の成形面のうち、少なくとも前記プレス加工時に、当該プレス加工におけるプレス方向と直交する部位であって、前記可動型の当たりが強くなる部位に形状記憶合金によって構成される層が形成されるホットプレス用金型。 The fixed mold and the movable mold are arranged so that their molding surfaces face each other, and the heated workpiece is sandwiched between the fixed mold and the movable mold and pressed, and at the same time, the fixed mold is placed on the surface of the workpiece. And a mold for hot pressing that cools the workpiece by holding the movable mold in contact with the molding surface,
Of the molding surface of the fixed mold, a layer made of a shape memory alloy is formed in a part that is orthogonal to the press direction in the press process at least during the press process and that is strongly hit by the movable mold. Hot press mold. 前記ワークの製品形状は、長手方向にハット型断面を有するものであり、
前記固定型の成形面において、前記ワークの製品形状におけるハット型断面のフランジ面及び頂面に対応する部位に、前記形状記憶合金層が形成される請求項１に記載のホットプレス用金型。 The product shape of the workpiece has a hat-shaped cross section in the longitudinal direction,
2. The hot press mold according to claim 1, wherein the shape memory alloy layer is formed in a portion corresponding to a flange surface and a top surface of a hat-shaped cross section in the product shape of the workpiece on the molding surface of the fixed mold. 前記固定型の成形面に形成される形状記憶合金層は、超弾性合金によって構成される請求項１又は２に記載のホットプレス用金型。   The mold for hot pressing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shape memory alloy layer formed on the molding surface of the fixed mold is made of a superelastic alloy.
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