JP5777999B2 - Controlling agent and control method for beetles - Google Patents
Controlling agent and control method for beetles Download PDFInfo
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- JP5777999B2 JP5777999B2 JP2011229412A JP2011229412A JP5777999B2 JP 5777999 B2 JP5777999 B2 JP 5777999B2 JP 2011229412 A JP2011229412 A JP 2011229412A JP 2011229412 A JP2011229412 A JP 2011229412A JP 5777999 B2 JP5777999 B2 JP 5777999B2
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- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 6
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004738 (C1-C6) alkyl sulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006700 (C1-C6) alkylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- NAYYNDKKHOIIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalamide Chemical class NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(N)=O NAYYNDKKHOIIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003016 pheromone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000005809 Prunus persica Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021018 plums Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238633 Odonata Species 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088417 precipitated calcium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
本発明は、リンゴ、ナシ、モモ、スモモなどの果実に、シンクイムシ類が産卵するのを防止するため、果実の表面に塗布する防除剤及び該防除剤を用いた防除方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a control agent applied to the surface of a fruit and a control method using the control agent in order to prevent spawning of eggs from apples, pears, peaches, plums and the like.
モモシンクイガなどのシンクイムシ類は、リンゴ、ナシ、モモ、スモモなどの果実の表面に産卵し、孵化した幼虫は果実内部に潜り込むため、通常の薬剤散布等では駆除することができない。このため、果実の袋掛けなどで、従来より防除がなされているが、袋掛けは労力がかかるなどの問題があった。近年、殺虫剤、フェロモン撹乱剤が開発され、物理的な袋掛けに代えて、これらの薬剤を散布することにより防除がなされている。 Sinkworms such as peach moths lay eggs on the surface of fruits such as apples, pears, peaches, plums, etc., and hatched larvae will sink into the inside of the berries, so they cannot be controlled by normal drug spraying. For this reason, although pest control has been conventionally performed with a bag of fruit, etc., there is a problem that the bag is labor intensive. In recent years, insecticides and pheromone disruptors have been developed and controlled by spraying these agents instead of physical bagging.
しかしながら、殺虫剤の効果は、一時的であるため、頻繁に防除することが必要である。また、フェロモン撹乱剤は高価であり、フェロモン撹乱剤を含浸させた材料を果樹に設置する必要があり、その設置に労力がかかるなどの問題がある。 However, insecticidal effects are temporary and need to be frequently controlled. Moreover, the pheromone disruptor is expensive, and it is necessary to install a material impregnated with the pheromone disruptor in the fruit tree, and there is a problem that the installation takes labor.
本発明のシンクイムシ類の防除剤は、後述するように、炭酸カルシウムなどの無機粉体と固着剤とを含有させたものである。特許文献1及び特許文献2においては、炭酸カルシウムなどの無機粉体と固着剤を含有するスリップス類の防除剤が開示されている。しかしながら、このような防除剤がシンクイムシ類の防除剤として有効であることについては、これらの先行技術には開示されていない。これらの先行技術においては、防除剤を散布することにより、植物全体を白くして、その反射光によりスリップス類を防除することができることが開示されている。 As will be described later, the insect control agent of the present invention includes an inorganic powder such as calcium carbonate and a fixing agent. Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose slips control agents containing inorganic powder such as calcium carbonate and a fixing agent. However, it is not disclosed in these prior arts that such a control agent is effective as a control agent for beetles. In these prior arts, it is disclosed that by spraying a control agent, the whole plant can be whitened and slips can be controlled by the reflected light.
しかしながら、モモシンクイガなどのシンクイガ類の果実表面への産卵は、非特許文献1に開示されているように、夜間においてなされるものである。このため、当業者にとって、スリップス類の防除におけるこのような作用効果は、シンクイムシ類の夜間における果実表面への産卵に対して期待することができない。 However, as disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, egg-laying on the fruit surface of the sink moth, such as peach sink moth, is performed at night. For this reason, for those skilled in the art, such an effect in the control of slips cannot be expected for spawning on the fruit surface at night by the beetles.
本発明の目的は、安全でかつ経済的なシンクイムシ類の防除剤及び防除方法を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a safe and economical control agent and control method for the worms.
本発明の防除剤は、シンクイムシ類が果実に産卵するのを防止するため、果実の表面に塗布する防除剤であって、炭酸カルシウムまたは炭酸マグネシウムからなる無機粉体と、無機粉体を果実表面に固着させるための固着剤とを含有することを特徴としている。 The control agent of the present invention is a control agent that is applied to the surface of fruits to prevent the beetle from laying eggs on the fruit, the inorganic powder comprising calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate, and the inorganic powder on the fruit surface. It contains the fixing agent for making it adhere to.
本発明の防除剤は、無機粉体と固着剤とを含有するものであるので、安全でかつ経済的な防除剤である。 Since the control agent of the present invention contains inorganic powder and a fixing agent, it is a safe and economical control agent.
無機粉体の平均粒子径は、0.1〜3μmの範囲内であることが好ましい。 The average particle size of the inorganic powder is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 3 μm.
無機粉体としては、炭酸カルシウムが特に好ましい。 As the inorganic powder, calcium carbonate is particularly preferable.
固着剤は、合成樹脂エマルション、ポリアクリル酸塩、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリオキシエチレン、ワックス、ポリビニルアルキルエーテル、アルキルフェノールのホルマリン縮合物、デンプンのリン酸エステル及びパラフィンからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。 The fixing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of synthetic resin emulsion, polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene, wax, polyvinyl alkyl ether, formalin condensate of alkylphenol, starch phosphate ester and paraffin. It is preferable.
本発明においては、無機粉体100質量部に対し、固着剤が0.5〜10質量部含有されていることが好ましい。 In this invention, it is preferable that 0.5-10 mass parts of fixing agents are contained with respect to 100 mass parts of inorganic powder.
本発明のシンクイムシ類の防除方法は、上記本発明の防除剤を含む散布液を調製する工程と、散布液を果実の表面に散布して、果実の表面に防除剤を塗布する工程とを備えることを特徴としている。 The method for controlling the worms of the present invention comprises a step of preparing a spray liquid containing the control agent of the present invention, and a step of spraying the spray liquid on the surface of the fruit and applying the control agent to the surface of the fruit. It is characterized by that.
本発明の防除方法によれば、安全でかつ経済的にシンクイムシ類を防除することができる。 According to the control method of the present invention, it is possible to control syncytiums safely and economically.
本発明によれば、安全でかつ経済的にシンクイムシ類を防除することができる。 According to the present invention, the worms can be controlled safely and economically.
以下、本発明についてさらに詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
<無機粉体>
本発明において用いる無機粉体としては、炭酸カルシウムまたは炭酸マグネシウムである。炭酸マグネシウムには、塩基性炭酸マグネシウムも含まれる。また、炭酸カルシウムと炭酸マグネシウムの複塩鉱物であるドロマイトを本発明の無機粉体として用いてもよい。これらの中でも、特に、炭酸カルシウムが好ましく用いられる。
<Inorganic powder>
The inorganic powder used in the present invention is calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate. Magnesium carbonate also includes basic magnesium carbonate. Further, dolomite, which is a double salt mineral of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate, may be used as the inorganic powder of the present invention. Among these, calcium carbonate is particularly preferably used.
炭酸カルシウムとしては、重質炭酸カルシウム、沈降性炭酸カルシウムなどを用いることができる。 As calcium carbonate, heavy calcium carbonate, precipitated calcium carbonate, or the like can be used.
無機粉体の平均粒子径は、0.1〜5μmの範囲内であることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは、0.1〜3μmの範囲内であり、さらに好ましくは、0.5〜1μmの範囲内である。無機粉体の平均粒子径が小さ過ぎると、嵩が高くなり、取り扱いにくい場合がある。無機粉体の平均粒子径が大き過ぎると、本発明の効果が十分に得られない場合がある。 The average particle size of the inorganic powder is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 5 μm, more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 3 μm, and still more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1 μm. It is. If the average particle size of the inorganic powder is too small, the bulk becomes high and it may be difficult to handle. If the average particle size of the inorganic powder is too large, the effects of the present invention may not be sufficiently obtained.
<固着剤>
本発明において用いる固着剤としては、合成樹脂エマルション、ポリアクリル酸塩、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリオキシエチレン、ワックス、ポリビニルアルキルエーテル、アルキルフェノールのホルマリン縮合物、デンプンのリン酸エステル及びパラフィンからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種などが挙げられる。
<Fixing agent>
The fixing agent used in the present invention is selected from the group consisting of synthetic resin emulsion, polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene, wax, polyvinyl alkyl ether, alkylphenol formalin condensate, starch phosphate ester and paraffin. There are at least one kind.
<防除剤>
本発明の防除剤において、無機粉体100質量部に対し、固着剤は0.5〜10質量部含有されていることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは、1〜5質量部含有されていることが好ましい。固着剤の量が少な過ぎると、無機粉体の固着性が低下し、効果の持続性が問題となる場合がある。固着剤の含有量が多過ぎると、果実を収穫する際に、果実の表面に白い汚れが残る場合がある。
<Control agent>
In the control agent of this invention, it is preferable that 0.5-10 mass parts is contained with respect to 100 mass parts of inorganic powder, More preferably, it is preferable that 1-5 mass parts is contained. . If the amount of the sticking agent is too small, the sticking property of the inorganic powder is lowered, and the sustainability of the effect may be a problem. If the content of the sticking agent is too large, white stains may remain on the surface of the fruit when the fruit is harvested.
本発明における防除剤の形態は、特に限定されるものではなく、無機粉体と固着剤が含有されていればよい。例えば、粉体の形態であってもよいし、固着剤を溶解し無機粉体を分散した分散液の形態であってもよい。分散液の形態とする場合には、現場において水で希釈して散布液として用いることができるような、濃縮した分散液の状態であってもよい。分散媒としては、一般に水が用いられる。 The form of the control agent in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the inorganic powder and the fixing agent are contained. For example, it may be in the form of powder, or may be in the form of a dispersion in which the fixing agent is dissolved and the inorganic powder is dispersed. When the dispersion liquid is used, it may be in the form of a concentrated dispersion liquid that can be diluted with water and used as a spray liquid on site. As the dispersion medium, water is generally used.
<防除方法>
本発明に従う防除方法においては、本発明の防除剤を含む散布液を先ず調製する。防除剤は、上述のように、粉体の形態であってもよいし、分散液の形態であってもよい。好ましくは、濃縮された原液としての分散液を用い、この分散液を水に希釈することにより、散布液として用いる。
<Control method>
In the control method according to the present invention, a spray liquid containing the control agent of the present invention is first prepared. As described above, the control agent may be in the form of a powder or in the form of a dispersion. Preferably, a dispersion as a concentrated stock solution is used, and this dispersion is diluted with water to be used as a spray liquid.
散布液中の無機粉体の濃度は、質量比(分散媒/防除剤固形分)で、10倍〜300倍の範囲であることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは、20倍〜200倍の範囲であり、特に好ましくは、25倍〜100倍の範囲である。 The concentration of the inorganic powder in the spray liquid is preferably 10 to 300 times, more preferably 20 to 200 times in terms of mass ratio (dispersion medium / controlling agent solid content). Particularly preferably, the range is 25 times to 100 times.
固着剤の散布液中における濃度は、上記の散布液中の無機粉体の含有量に応じて適宜調整される。 The concentration of the fixing agent in the spray liquid is appropriately adjusted according to the content of the inorganic powder in the spray liquid.
本発明における散布液は、例えば、無機粉体と固着剤とを混合した混合粉体を、分散媒としての水に分散させることにより調製することができる。 The spray liquid in the present invention can be prepared, for example, by dispersing a mixed powder obtained by mixing an inorganic powder and a fixing agent in water as a dispersion medium.
本発明の防除方法において、散布液の散布量は、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、ほ場10アール当たり200〜700リットルとすることが好ましい。散布量が少な過ぎると、本発明の効果が十分に得られない場合がある。散布量が多過ぎると、散布量の増加に比例した効果を得ることができず、経済的に好ましくない場合がある。 In the control method of the present invention, the spray amount of the spray liquid is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 to 700 liters per 10 ares of the field, for example. If the application amount is too small, the effects of the present invention may not be sufficiently obtained. If the amount of application is too large, an effect proportional to the increase of the amount of application cannot be obtained, which may be economically undesirable.
本発明の防除剤を、果実の表面に塗布することにより、シンクイムシ類の産卵を防止することができる。上述のように、シンクイムシ類の果実表面への産卵は、夜間において行われるので、スリップス類の防除における塗布表面を白くし、反射させることによる防除の効果は期待できない。シンクイムシ類の産卵防止の効果は、スリップス類の防除の作用効果と異なるものであると考えられ、シンクイムシ類の防除は、本発明の防除剤を果実表面に塗布することにより、果実表面に凹凸が形成されることによるものであると考えられる。 By applying the control agent of the present invention to the surface of a fruit, spawning of the beetles can be prevented. As described above, egg laying on the fruit surface of the beetles is carried out at night, and therefore the effect of controlling by making the coated surface white and reflecting in controlling slips cannot be expected. It is considered that the effect of preventing the oviposition of the beetles is different from the effect of the control of the slips, and the control of the beetles has the unevenness on the fruit surface by applying the control agent of the present invention to the fruit surface. This is thought to be due to the formation.
すなわち、果実表面に本発明の防除剤を塗布することにより、果実表面に凹凸を形成し、シンクイムシ類が凹凸の形成された表面を果実表面ではないと認識することによるものと思われる。 That is, it is considered that by applying the control agent of the present invention to the fruit surface, irregularities are formed on the fruit surface, and the surface with the irregularities is recognized as not being a fruit surface.
以下、本発明を具体的な実施例により説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
(実施例)
<防除剤の調製>
無機粉体として、平均粒径1μmの重質炭酸カルシウムを用いた。この炭酸カルシウム95質量部と、固着剤としての酢酸ビニル樹脂(エマルションパウダー)5質量部とを混合し、粉体としての防除剤を調製した。
(Example)
<Preparation of control agent>
As the inorganic powder, heavy calcium carbonate having an average particle diameter of 1 μm was used. 95 parts by mass of this calcium carbonate and 5 parts by mass of vinyl acetate resin (emulsion powder) as a fixing agent were mixed to prepare a control agent as a powder.
<散布液の調製>
上記のようにして調製した防除剤を、防除剤に対し質量比で50倍の水に添加し攪拌混合して、散布液を調製した。
<Preparation of spray liquid>
The control agent prepared as described above was added to water 50 times the mass ratio of the control agent and mixed by stirring to prepare a spray liquid.
<散布液の散布>
上記のようにして調製した散布液を、背負式充電型噴霧器を用いて1主枝当たり約5リットル散布した。
<Spraying spray liquid>
About 5 liters per main branch of the spray liquid prepared as described above was sprayed using a back-charge rechargeable sprayer.
調査果実数を100とし、I区及びII区で、それぞれ調査果実数を50とした。 The number of investigated fruits was set to 100, and the number of investigated fruits was set to 50 in each of the I and II districts.
約2週間おきに3回散布を行い、最後の散布から約80日後に果実を収穫した。 Spraying was carried out three times about every two weeks, and fruits were harvested about 80 days after the last spraying.
<評価結果及び考察>
収穫した果実を解体し、シンクイムシ類(モモシンクイガ)が産卵したものを被害果とし、被害果数及び被害果率を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
<Evaluation results and discussion>
The harvested fruits were dismantled and the number of damage fruits and the rate of damage fruits were determined by using the spawning eggs of damselfly (Peach moth) as damage fruits. The results are shown in Table 1.
また、散布液を散布していないものについても、同様にして調査果実数を100とし、被害果数及び被害果率を求めた。 Moreover, about the thing which has not spread | dispersed the spray liquid, the number of investigation fruit was similarly set to 100, and the number of damage fruits and the rate of damage fruits were calculated | required.
表1に示す結果から明らかなように、本発明に従う防除剤を用いた散布液を散布することにより、非常に高い防除効果が認められた。 As is clear from the results shown in Table 1, a very high control effect was observed by spraying the spray liquid using the control agent according to the present invention.
Claims (5)
炭酸カルシウムからなる無機粉体と、無機粉体を果実表面に固着させるための固着剤とを含有する(但し、以下の一般式(I)に示されるフタルアミド誘導体、またはかさ密度0.5g/cm 3 以下の植物繊維質、有機発泡体、無機発泡体、及び無機繊維質の少なくとも一種類を含むものを除く)ことを特徴とするシンクイムシ類の防除剤。
And carbonate calcium or Ranaru inorganic powder, the inorganic powder containing a fixing agent for fixing the fruit surface (however, the phthalamide derivative represented by the following general formula (I) or bulk density 0.5g, / Cm 3 or less plant fiber, organic foam, inorganic foam, and those containing at least one kind of inorganic fiber) .
散布液を果実の表面に散布して、果実の表面に防除剤を塗布する工程とを備えることを特徴とするシンクイムシ類の防除方法。 A step of preparing a spray liquid containing the control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
A method for controlling worms, comprising: spraying a spray liquid on a fruit surface and applying a control agent to the fruit surface.
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