JP5773983B2 - 乳房内乳頭シール剤及びその熟成チーズの外観上の欠陥を減少又は除去のための使用 - Google Patents
乳房内乳頭シール剤及びその熟成チーズの外観上の欠陥を減少又は除去のための使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5773983B2 JP5773983B2 JP2012504825A JP2012504825A JP5773983B2 JP 5773983 B2 JP5773983 B2 JP 5773983B2 JP 2012504825 A JP2012504825 A JP 2012504825A JP 2012504825 A JP2012504825 A JP 2012504825A JP 5773983 B2 JP5773983 B2 JP 5773983B2
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- Prior art keywords
- oil
- sealant
- teat
- metal salt
- nipple
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
2003年4月に、乾乳期乳牛に使用される乳頭内(又は「乳房内」)シール剤(ITS)が、アメリカ合衆国市場に導入された。商品名「オルベシール」(ORBESEAL、アメリカ合衆国商標登録番号Nos.2,772,198及び3,120,693)としてアメリカ合衆国で市販され、ニュージーランドで開発されたものである。「オルベシール」ITSとしてアメリカ合衆国へ導入されたものは、65w/w%の次硝酸ビスマスが粘性ペースト内に分散されている。前記ITS製品は抗生物質を全く含んでいない。さらの該製品は抗微生物剤をも含んでいない。該ITSは、チューブ状のシリンジを用いて乳頭端部に注入される。これは乾乳期間の乳牛に抗生物質を注入する方法と同じである。該ITS製品は亀裂部分及び乳頭管に充填され、従って感染源に対する物理的バリアを提供する。例えばアメリカ特許No.6,254,881(7月3日,2001発行)を参照すること。該内容は参照されて本明細書の一部となる。
ゲル基剤は、全ての適切なゲル剤が可能であり、薬学分野で既知のホストが可能である。好ましいゲル基剤は、モノ、ジ及び/又はトリグリセリドであり、広く改善された洗浄性を有する。前記グリセリドは、飽和又は不飽和脂肪酸から誘導される同じ側鎖又は異なる側鎖を含むことができる。従って、限定的でない例で示すと、モノ、ジ/又はトリグリセリドは、デカン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ペンタデカン酸、ステアリン酸、アラキジン酸、ベヘン酸、リグノセリン酸、マルガリン酸、ミリストレイン酸、パルミトレイン酸、オレイン酸、ガドレイン酸、エルカ酸、リシノール酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸、リカン酸、マルガロレイン酸、アラキドン酸、クルパナドン酸、エイコサペンタエン酸、ドコサヘキサエン酸などから誘導される側鎖を含むことができる。より長い又は短い側鎖を持つグリセリドもまた使用され得る。前記グリセリドは、天然の動物又は植物油又は脂肪を含み又は誘導されることができる。天然の動物又は植物油又は脂肪には、制限されるものではないが、動物脂肪、カノーラ油、ココナッツ油、コーン油、綿実油、亜麻油、パーム油、パーム核油、菜種油、大豆油、ひまわり油、魚油、藻油などが挙げられる。特に好ましいゲル基剤は、カノーラ油、コーン油及び/又は綿実油である。前記グリセリドの市販販売業者には、ABITEC Corporation,コロンバス、オハイオが上げられ、その製品「CAPTEX 355」カタログ番号65381−09−1及び73398−61−5は本発明において非常に良好に作用する。
本発明のさらなるひとつは、乳房内乳頭シール剤の改良に関する。特に動物の乾乳期間での乳房疾患の予防措置のための非ヒト動物の乳頭管内に物理的バリアを形成する方法においては、本方法は動物の乳頭管内へ抗感染剤を含まないシール剤を注入するステップを含むものであり、本発明の改良は、グリセリドを含むゲル基剤中に非毒性金属塩を含む乳頭シール剤を注入することを含むことである。該改良により、処理された動物の乳を用いて作った乳製品には黒点欠陥の形成が防止される。
4BiNO3(OH)2BiO(OH)+H2S −>Bi2S3(不溶性,黒色) (式1)
生成物であるビスマスIII硫化物(又は簡単に硫化ビスマス)は比較的不溶性であり黒色である。
金属塩として酸化亜鉛及び酸化チタンの組み合わせを用いてテストITSを処方した。テストITSは、ビスマス又はビスマス含有塩を含まないという点以外は「オルベシール」名剤と同一であった。テストITSは、酸化亜鉛、酸化チタン、ミネラルオイル(30〜40%)、及びステアリン酸アルミニウムを含む。
本実施例の目的は、ITSの非泌乳期乳牛の乳頭内の保持性を比較するためであり、前記ITSは、「オルベシール」名製品との比較として、次硝酸ビスマスを含まない。
全16頭乳牛が登録されて全64乳頭につき研究した。32乳頭がテストITSを受け、32乳頭が「オルベシール」名ITSを受けた。試験集団の乳頭長さ及び容積は表1にまとめられる。
この実施例の目的は、改良された洗浄性を持つITSを開発することであった。この実施例で、実施例1で記載されたものと類似のITSが作成された(ただし、ミネラルオイルゲルをトリグリセリド系可動相と置換した)。これらのシール剤は、好ましく良好なバリア性を持ち、同時に、従来の乳頭洗浄プロトコルを用いて(ミネラルオイル系シール剤と比べて)改良された洗浄性特性を持つことが証明された。牛乳生産者は、従来のミネラルオイル系ITS剤を、通常のその場洗浄手順(CIP)を用いて乳との接触表面から残渣を取り除くことは非常に難しいということを経験している。従って、良好なバリア特性を持つITSはまた、乳との接触表面から容易に洗浄されるものであることが、市場から望まれている。
液状牛乳サンプル(2%ホモジナイズ化、ビタミンD)に0.05重量%のそれぞれのITSで処置し、45°Fで2週間保存した。その後、サンプルを目視で、専門家パネル(n=4)による感応試験を用いて変性の事象を評価した。4つのITS処置が評価された(「オルベシール」名ITS、Zn/ミネラルオイル、Zn/カノーラ油、及びコントロールサンプルを含む)。パネリストはコントロールからの相違を求められた。まとめると、パネリストはコントロールサンプルの評価を求められ、次に前記コントロール牛乳を参照として、処置されたサンプルの風味を評価した。結果は次にまとめる。
3つの異なるヨーグルト発酵を実施して、ZnOシール剤又は「オルベシール」名ITSの存在による、この発酵製品の最終感応特性への可能な影響を研究した。以前の実験で、かかる材料は目立つほどは製品のpHの低下をもたらさないことが見出されている。従って、次の実験が実行された。50mlの加熱処理された牛乳を3つの滅菌100mLフラスコに入れ、乳酸菌delbrukeii種bulgaricusとインキュベートした(Ellikerブロス、予め24時間、37℃でインキュベートしたもの)。50mgの「オルベシール」名ITSをフラスコのひとつに入れ、50mgのZnOシール剤(65%の重ミネラルオイル中)を他のフラスコに入れた。これらのフラスコを一夜37℃でインキュベートし、最終pH同様、風味、芳香性プロフィルなどの相違を評価した。
7つの異なる亜鉛形ITS剤の密度が決定され、「オルベシール」名ITSと比較された。それぞれの調製されたシール剤の少量(400μl)を化学分析天秤を用いて秤量した。表6には得られた結果をまとめてある。表は少なくとも10回に測定の平均値を対応する標準偏差とともに記載されている。一般的に、前記分散物の密度はより高い酸化亜鉛を用いる場合に増加する。性能基準は、元の「オルベシール」名ITSの密度の5〜10%の範囲であった。これは、5%レベルで約1.817から約2.008g/mL、10%レベルで約1.722から約2.104g/mLである。試験された全てのサンプルは、これらのパラメータ内に入ったが、60%ZnOカノーラ油処置の5%レベルでは例外であった。
Claims (22)
- 非ヒト動物の乳頭管内に物理的バリアを形成して、前記動物の乾乳期間での乳房疾患の予防的処置を行い、同時に前記動物からの乳を用いて作られる乳製品中の黒点欠陥を防止する方法であり、当該方法は:
前記動物の乳頭管内にある量の乳頭シール剤を注入するステップを含み、前記乳頭シール剤が、グリセリドを含むゲル相内に分散される非毒性金属塩を含み、
注入される前記乳頭シール剤の量が、前記乳頭管内への微生物の侵入に対して物理的バリアを形成するために十分であり、前記乳頭シール剤が、前記動物からの乳を用いて作られる乳製品内に黒点欠陥を生じず、さらに、
前記乳頭シール剤が抗感染剤を含まない、方法。 - ビスマスを含まない乳頭シール剤を注入するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- トリグリセリドを含む基剤中にビスマスを含まず、非毒性金属塩を含む乳頭シール剤を注入するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも約30重量%の前記非毒性金属塩を含む乳頭シール剤を注入するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 約50重量%から約75重量%の前記非毒性金属塩を含む乳頭シール剤を注入するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 約65重量%の前記非毒性金属塩を含む乳頭シール剤を注入するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記非毒性金属塩が、チタン塩、亜鉛塩、バリウム塩及びそれらの組み合わせを含む群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記非毒性金属塩が、二酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、硫酸バリウム、及びこれらの組み合わせを含む群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ゲル基剤が、動物脂肪、カノーラ油、ココナッツ油、コーン油、綿実油、亜麻仁油、パーム油、パーム核油、菜種油、大豆油、ひまわり油、魚油、藻油及びこれらの組み合わせを含む群から選択される油を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 乳房内乳頭シール剤であり、
グリセリドを含むゲル基剤;及び
前記ゲル基剤中に分散される非毒性金属塩;
を組み合わせて含み、
抗感染剤を含まない乳頭シール剤。 - 前記ゲル基剤がトリグリセリドを含む、請求項10に記載の乳頭シール剤。
- 前記ゲル基剤が、動物脂肪、カノーラ油、ココナッツ油、コーン油、綿実油、亜麻仁油、パーム油、パーム核油、菜種油、大豆油、ひまわり油、魚油、藻油及びこれらの組み合わせを含む群から選択される油を含む、請求項10に記載の乳頭シール剤。
- ビスマスを含まない、請求項10に記載の乳頭シール剤。
- 少なくとも約30重量%の前記非毒性金属塩を含む、請求項10に記載の乳頭シール剤。
- 約50重量%から約75重量%の前記非毒性金属塩を含む、請求項10に記載の乳頭シール剤。
- 約65重量%の前記非毒性金属塩を含む、請求項10に記載の乳頭シール剤。
- 前記非毒性金属塩が、チタン塩、亜鉛塩、バリウム塩及びそれらの組み合わせを含む群から選択される、請求項10に記載の乳頭シール剤。
- 前記非毒性金属塩が、二酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、硫酸バリウム、及びこれらの組み合わせを含む群から選択される、請求項10に記載の乳頭シール剤。
- 非ヒト動物の乳頭管内に物理的バリアを形成して、前記動物の乾乳期間での乳房疾患の予防的処置を行う方法であり、当該方法は、前記動物の乳頭管内にシール剤を注入するステップを含み、請求項10に記載の乳頭シール剤を注入することを特徴とする、方法。
- 前記乳頭シール剤がミネラルオイルを含まない、請求項1乃至9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ミネラルオイルを含まない、請求項10乃至18のいずれか一項に記載の乳頭シール剤。
- 前記乳頭シール剤がミネラルオイルを含まない、請求項19に記載の方法。
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| US61/207,879 | 2009-04-08 | ||
| PCT/US2010/030252 WO2010118142A1 (en) | 2009-04-08 | 2010-04-07 | Intra-mammary teat sealant formulation and method of using same to reduce or eliminate visual defects in aged cheeses |
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| EP (1) | EP2416787B1 (ja) |
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| CN111840212B (zh) * | 2020-06-18 | 2023-07-21 | 余祖功 | 一种非人类动物用乳头封闭剂及其制备方法 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015134818A (ja) * | 2009-04-08 | 2015-07-27 | ウィスコンシン アルムニ リサーチ ファンデイション | 乳房内乳頭シール剤及びその熟成チーズの外観上の欠陥を減少又は除去のための使用 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN102802642A (zh) | 2012-11-28 |
| CO6450660A2 (es) | 2012-05-31 |
| MX2011010603A (es) | 2011-12-08 |
| WO2010118142A1 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
| UA106226C2 (ru) | 2014-08-11 |
| US10744085B2 (en) | 2020-08-18 |
| CA2757471A1 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
| JP6022634B2 (ja) | 2016-11-09 |
| JP2012523423A (ja) | 2012-10-04 |
| JP2015134818A (ja) | 2015-07-27 |
| BRPI1016082A2 (pt) | 2017-07-18 |
| KR20120005497A (ko) | 2012-01-16 |
| US9956167B2 (en) | 2018-05-01 |
| ZA201207324B (en) | 2013-06-26 |
| BRPI1016082B1 (pt) | 2020-12-22 |
| EP2416787B1 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
| NZ595229A (en) | 2012-08-31 |
| US20180207090A1 (en) | 2018-07-26 |
| AU2010234514B2 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
| AU2010234514A1 (en) | 2011-10-13 |
| ZA201107181B (en) | 2012-12-27 |
| EP2416787A1 (en) | 2012-02-15 |
| US20100266708A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
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