JP5772980B2 - Agricultural work support method and agricultural work support apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a farm work support method and a farm work support apparatus.

  There is concern over the effects of pesticide toxicity on crops for a certain period after pesticide application. Therefore, in general, the number of days before harvest is defined for each pesticide. The number of days before harvesting refers to the number of days that must elapse after the application of agricultural chemicals until harvesting is possible. In other words, the days before harvest can also be referred to as the effective period of pesticides.

Farmers cannot perform harvesting work if it is determined that the number of days from the last application date of the pesticide used has not reached the number of days before harvesting. Therefore, if the farmer does not spray the pesticide at an appropriate time, the farmer will miss the appropriate harvest time. Missing the appropriate harvest time may lead to a decline in the quality of the harvest or a decrease in yield, etc. Therefore, farm workers determine the date of pesticide application by calculating backward from the harvest time of the crop.

JP 2010-86242 A

  However, the work of determining the pesticide to be sprayed and the date of spraying from among many pesticides is a cumbersome work, especially for farmers with a large number of fields and cultivated crops. Therefore, it is easy to cause mistakes in selecting agricultural chemicals and calculating the application date.

  Therefore, in one aspect, the purpose is to calculate the pesticide application date.

  In one plan, referring to a storage unit that stores an expected period of occurrence of pests for each pest identification information, the first occurrence period that includes at least a part of the expected period of occurrence by the predicted harvest date of the crop to be applied with the pesticide is included. Identify pests, refer to the storage unit storing the number of days before harvest and the corresponding pest identification information for each pesticide name, the pesticide name corresponding to the identification information of the first pest, the first pest The first pesticide name related to the number of days before harvest longer than the period from the start date of the expected occurrence period to the predicted harvest date or the end date of the expected occurrence period is specified, and the first pesticide is determined from the predicted harvest date. A computer executes a process of calculating a date that dates back the number of days before harvesting for a name as a spraying date for the name of the agricultural chemical, and outputting the first agricultural chemical name and the spraying date.

  According to one aspect, it is possible to calculate the agricultural chemical application date.

It is a 1st figure for demonstrating the outline | summary of 1st embodiment. It is a 2nd figure for demonstrating the outline | summary of 1st embodiment. It is a 3rd figure for demonstrating the outline | summary of 1st embodiment. It is a figure which shows the hardware structural example of the agricultural-work assistance apparatus in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the function structural example of the agricultural-work assistance apparatus in embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the process sequence of the determination process of the agrochemical spreading day by the agricultural-work assistance apparatus in 1st embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of a pest information storage part. It is a figure which shows the structural example of an agrochemical information storage part. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the process sequence of the selection process of the combination of an agrochemical name. It is a figure for demonstrating the outline | summary of 2nd embodiment. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the process sequence of the determination process of the agrochemical spreading day by the agricultural-work assistance apparatus in 2nd embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of a log | history information storage part. It is a figure for demonstrating the outline | summary of 3rd embodiment. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the process sequence of the determination process of the agrochemical spreading day by the agricultural-work assistance apparatus in 3rd embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, an outline of the present embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a first diagram for explaining the outline of the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, first, a harvest date is predicted for a crop that is a target for agricultural chemical application. As a result, a predicted harvest date is calculated. When the predicted harvest date is included in the expected pest occurrence period, the period from the start date of the predicted pest occurrence period to the predicted harvest date is defined as the control period T1. In addition, the generation | occurence | production estimated period of a pest means the period when generation | occurrence | production of a pest is estimated. The expected occurrence period may be grasped as a period in which it is recommended that the agricultural chemical is effective.

  Subsequently, the pesticide A whose number of days before harvesting is longer than the control period T1 is selected as the application target. The number of days before harvesting refers to the number of days that must elapse after the application of agricultural chemicals until harvesting is possible. In other words, the days before harvest can also be referred to as the effective period of pesticides.

  Subsequently, a date that is traced back by the number of days Ma before the harvesting of the pesticide A from the predicted harvest date is determined as the spraying date. The determined spray date is notified to the farmer as a work plan. Note that pesticides whose determined application date is already in the past are not selected for application. That is, an agrochemical whose date is a few days before the harvest from the expected harvest date becomes the past is not selected as a spray target. This also applies to the cases described in FIGS.

  FIG. 2 is a second diagram for explaining the outline of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 shows an example in which the predicted harvest date is later than the expected period of occurrence of pests. Also in this case, the same idea as in FIG. 1 can be applied. That is, the period from the start date of the estimated period of occurrence of pests to the predicted harvest date is defined as the control period T1. The pesticide A whose number of days before harvesting is longer than the control period T1 is selected as the application target. In addition, the date before the harvesting ma days before the harvesting of the pesticide A is determined as the spraying date. The determined spray date is notified to the farmer as a work plan.

  FIG. 3 is a third diagram for explaining the outline of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 shows an example in which a plurality of agricultural chemicals are sprayed in order in the control period T1.

  In this case, a combination of a plurality of pesticides in which the total number of days before harvest Msum is longer than the control period T1 is set as the application target. FIG. 3 shows an example in which a plurality of pesticides from pesticide A to pesticide X are to be sprayed. The spraying date Sa of the pesticide A to be sprayed last is a date that is a few days before the harvest of the pesticide A from the predicted harvest date. The spraying date Sx of the pesticide X to be sprayed first is a date that is back by the total number of Msum days from the predicted harvest date. The spraying date of the agricultural chemical during that time is a date that is back from the predicted harvest date by the total number of days before the harvesting of the agricultural chemical and the days before the harvesting of the agricultural chemical sprayed after the agricultural chemical.

  Thus, in this Embodiment, even when there is no agricultural chemical in which the days before harvesting is longer than the control period T1, the agricultural chemical application date can be determined. The plurality of pesticides may be the same type or different types.

  Hereinafter, the agricultural work support apparatus 10 that executes the method for determining the agricultural chemical application date described above will be described.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration example of the farm work support apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. The farm work support apparatus 10 in FIG. 4 includes a drive device 100, an auxiliary storage device 102, a memory device 103, a CPU 104, an interface device 105, and the like that are mutually connected by a bus B.

  A program that realizes processing in the farm work support apparatus 10 is provided by the recording medium 101. When the recording medium 101 on which the program is recorded is set in the drive device 100, the program is installed from the recording medium 101 to the auxiliary storage device 102 via the drive device 100. However, the program need not be installed from the recording medium 101 and may be downloaded from another computer via a network. The auxiliary storage device 102 stores the installed program and also stores necessary files and data.

  The memory device 103 reads the program from the auxiliary storage device 102 and stores it when there is an instruction to start the program. The CPU 104 executes a function related to the farm work support apparatus 10 according to a program stored in the memory device 103. The interface device 105 is used as an interface for connecting to a network.

  An example of the recording medium 101 is a portable recording medium such as a CD-ROM, a DVD disk, or a USB memory. An example of the auxiliary storage device 102 is an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or a flash memory. Both the recording medium 101 and the auxiliary storage device 102 correspond to computer-readable recording media.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of the farm work support apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the farm work support apparatus 10 includes a harvest date prediction unit 11, a pest identification unit 12, a weather information monitoring unit 13, an agrochemical name identification unit 14, an output unit 15, a spray date calculation unit 16, and the like. Each of these units is realized by processing executed by the CPU 104 by a program installed in the farm work support apparatus 10.

  The farm work support apparatus 10 also uses the pest information storage unit 17, the agrochemical information storage unit 18, the history information storage unit 19, and the like. Each of these storage units can be realized using a storage device connected to the auxiliary storage device 102 or the farm work support device 10 via a network.

  The harvest date prediction unit 11 calculates a predicted harvest date for the crop designated by the user.

  The pest identification unit 12 refers to the pest information storage unit 17 and identifies the identification information of the pest that is expected to be generated by the predicted harvest date calculated by the harvest date prediction unit 11 and the expected generation period of the pest. . The pest information storage unit 17 stores identification information, an expected occurrence period, and the like for each pest.

  The pesticide name specifying unit 14 refers to the pesticide information storage unit 18 to determine an effective pesticide name for the pests related to the identification information specified by the pest and pest specification unit 12. The pesticide name specifying unit 14 further specifies the name of the pesticide to be sprayed in consideration of the relationship between the number of days before harvest of each pesticide and the predicted harvest date.

  The pesticide information storage unit 18 stores identification information of pests and the like targeted by the pesticide according to the pesticide name in association with each pesticide name.

  The spray date calculation unit 16 calculates the spray date for one or more pesticide names specified by the pesticide name specifying unit 14 in consideration of the predicted harvest date and the number of days before harvest of each pesticide.

  The output unit 15 outputs a work plan for spraying agricultural chemicals on the agricultural chemical name specified by the agricultural chemical name specifying unit 14. The work plan includes the scatter date specified by the scatter date calculation unit 16.

  The meteorological information monitoring unit 13 monitors the rainfall information and detects the occurrence of rainfall. Rainfall information refers to information related to rainfall, and includes, for example, the presence or absence of rainfall and the amount of precipitation. The rainfall information may be input from, for example, a rain sensor installed in a farm or the like, or observed by AMeDAS (AMeDAS: Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System), for example, information published via the Internet or the like is used. May be.

  The history information storage unit 19 stores information indicating the work history of pesticide application. The history information storage unit 19 may also be used as a storage location for work histories related to farm work other than agricultural chemical application.

  Hereinafter, a processing procedure executed by the farm work support apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the processing procedure of the determination process of the agricultural chemical application date by the agricultural work support apparatus in the first embodiment. In addition, suppose that the field and crop used as the object of agricultural chemical application are specified beforehand. Specifically, the field ID that is the ID of the field and the crop ID that is the ID of the crop are specified or set. That is, the process of FIG. 6 is executed for each field ID and crop ID. Hereinafter, each of the fields and crops to which the agricultural chemical is applied is referred to as “target field” and “target crop”.

  In step S101, the harvest date prediction unit 11 calculates the predicted harvest date of the target crop. Hereinafter, simply referring to “estimated harvest date” refers to the estimated harvest date calculated in step S101. A known technique may be used as a method for calculating the expected harvest date. For example, there is a method of predicting the harvest time using the integrated temperature from a specific time. As for paddy rice, there is a method of calculating a degree of growth from the time of sowing and rice planting, calculating a DVI (Development Index) value from measurement data such as temperature and sunshine duration, and predicting a harvest time from the DVI value.

  Subsequently, the pest identification unit 12 refers to the pest information storage unit 17 and identifies the identification information of the pest that is expected to be generated by the predicted harvest date and the expected generation period of the pest (S102).

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a pest information storage unit. As shown in FIG. 7, the pest information storage unit 17 stores a pest name, a pest ID, a crop name, a crop ID, an expected occurrence period, and the like for each pest.

  The pest name is the name of the pest. The pest ID is an ID for each pest name. The pest name or pest ID is an example of pest identification information.

  The crop name is a name of a crop that may be damaged by a pest related to the name of the pest. The crop ID is an ID for each crop name.

  The expected period of occurrence is the expected period of occurrence of pests related to the name of the pest.

  In step S102 described above, a record including the crop name or crop ID of the target crop, and a record including or overlapping at least a part of the predicted occurrence period of the record in the period from the current day to the predicted harvest date is pest information. Extracted from the storage unit 17. A record that includes or overlaps at least part of the forecasted occurrence period of the record in the period from the current day to the forecasted harvest date is that the start date of the forecasted period is before the forecasted harvest date and the forecasted occurrence In other words, the last day of the period is a record after the current day. Note that the current day means the day on which the process of FIG. 6 is executed.

  The pest ID and the expected occurrence period of the extracted record are specified as the pest ID of the pest that is expected to be generated by the predicted harvest date and the expected occurrence period of the pest. Hereinafter, the pests for which the pest ID is specified are referred to as “target pests”.

  Note that the expected occurrence period shown in FIG. 7 includes ambiguity such as “early” or “late”. These ambiguities only need to be resolved by the disease and pest identification unit 12 being converted on a specific day. For example, “early” may be converted to the first day of the month, and “late” may be converted to the last day of the month. Moreover, in the generation | occurrence | production forecast period of the pest information storage part 17, the period which does not contain ambiguity from the beginning may be set.

  In step S102, when a corresponding pest is not specified (No in S103), after a certain period of time (Yes in S110), Step S101 and subsequent steps are executed. This is because, when the predicted harvest date changes backward after a certain period of time, the corresponding pest may be identified.

  On the other hand, when the corresponding pest is identified (Yes in S103), the pesticide name identification unit 14 searches the pesticide information storage unit 18 for the pesticide name corresponding to the target pest (S104).

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the agrochemical information storage unit. As shown in FIG. 8, the pesticide information storage unit 18 stores, for each pesticide, the pesticide name, pest ID, number of days before harvest, upper limit number of times, unit material cost, unit usage, unit work cost, and the like.

  The pesticide name is the name of the pesticide. The pest ID is a pest ID of a pest corresponding to the pesticide. “Pests to which pesticides correspond” refers to pests for which pesticides are effective. The number of days before harvesting is the number of days before harvesting of the pesticide, that is, the effective period. The upper limit number is, for example, the upper limit value of the number of times the agricultural chemical is used for the same crop. The unit material cost is a monetary unit cost of agricultural chemicals. In FIG. 8, the price per 100 ml is shown. The unit usage is the usage per 10a. The unit work cost is a monetary cost required for the work of spraying agricultural chemicals per 10a. For example, the unit work cost includes labor costs and equipment fuel costs. However, the unit work cost does not include the cost of the agricultural chemical itself, that is, the unit material cost.

  In step S <b> 104, one or more records including the pest ID of the target pest are searched from the pesticide information storage unit 18. The agrochemical name of each retrieved record is specified as the agrochemical name corresponding to the target pest. The specified pesticide name is hereinafter referred to as “target pesticide name”.

Subsequently, the agrochemical name specifying unit 14 calculates the control period T1 by a calculation based on the following formula (1) (S105).
Control period T1 = Predicted harvest date−Start date of target pest occurrence period (1)
However, as shown in FIG. 2, when the end date of the target pest occurrence period is before the predicted harvest date, the control period T1 is “the end date of the target pest occurrence period−the occurrence period of the target pest. It may be calculated by “start date”.

  Subsequently, the pesticide name identification unit 14 is a combination of one or more target pesticide names, and the total Msum of the days before harvest for each target pesticide name included in the combination is one or more combinations that are longer than the control period T1. Specify (S106). For example, all combinations of target pesticide names are generated, and for each combination, it is determined whether or not the total Msum of the days before harvest for each target pesticide name included in the combination is longer than the control period T1. A corresponding combination may be specified. At this time, a combination including the same agricultural chemical name a plurality of times may be allowed. When the same pesticide name is included multiple times, the pesticide name is not integrated into one pesticide name in the combination but is included as a pesticide name independent of each other. Hereinafter, the list of identified combinations is referred to as a “scattering candidate list”. The distribution candidate list is stored in the memory device 103, for example.

  It should be noted that combinations that are substantially impossible to work, such as combinations in which the date backed by the total Msum of the number of days before harvest from the expected harvest date, becomes the day before that day, are excluded. If N days are required for preparation for spraying agricultural chemicals, it is only necessary to specify a combination in which the date that is the sum Msum of the number of days before harvest from the expected harvest date is N days after that date. However, the following steps may be executed without excluding combinations that are substantially impossible to work. In this case, there is a possibility that combinations that are substantially impossible to work are included in the work plan and output, but the selection of the plan to be actually adopted may be left to the user.

  Subsequently, the agrochemical name identification unit 14 selects a combination of target agrochemical names that are considered to be relatively advantageous in consideration of various factors from the distribution candidate list (S107). Details of the selection method will be described later. The combination of the selected target agricultural chemical names is stored in the memory device 103, for example.

  Subsequently, the application date calculation unit 16 calculates the application date for each target pesticide name included in the selected combination (S108). At this time, the distribution order regarding each target pesticide name may be the order formed when the combination is generated, or may be sorted based on some rule such as the longest or shortest days before harvesting. For the pesticide with the last spraying order, a date that is a few days before the harvest of the pesticide from the predicted harvest date is taken as the spray date of the pesticide. For the names of pesticides whose spray date is before the last, the date that is traced back from the expected harvest date by the total number of days before harvest of the pesticide and the pre-harvest days sprayed after the pesticide is taken as the spray date. . The calculated spreading date is stored in the memory device 103 in association with the target agricultural chemical name, for example.

  Subsequently, the output unit 15 outputs a work plan including the application date stored in step S108 for each target agricultural chemical name included in the combination stored in step S107 (S109). The output form of the work plan is not limited to a specific one. For example, calendar software such as a PC or a mobile phone used by the user, a Web calendar function, or the like may be used so that the spraying date of each agricultural chemical may be displayed on the PC or the mobile phone. Alternatively, the date of application of each pesticide may be viewable using schedule management software or the like. Furthermore, the application date of each pesticide may be notified by sending an e-mail to the user's terminal.

  The work plan may include the field ID of the target field, the usage amount of each agricultural chemical, and the like. If the area of the target field is registered in advance, the usage amount necessary for the target field can be calculated based on the area and the unit usage amount stored in the pesticide information storage unit 18.

  Subsequently, after a predetermined period has elapsed (Yes in S110), Step S101 and subsequent steps are repeated. By repeating Step S101 and subsequent steps, the farm work support apparatus 10 can detect a change in the predicted harvest date. As a result, the farm work support apparatus 10 can determine the combination of agricultural chemicals and the application date suitable for the predicted harvest date after the predicted harvest date.

  When a plurality of target pests are specified in step S102, pesticide names corresponding to the plurality of target pests may be searched for in step S104. When there is no applicable agricultural chemical name, step S104 may be executed for each target pest. In this case, a work plan may be output for each target pest.

  Next, details of step S107 will be described. FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining an example of a processing procedure for selecting a combination of agricultural chemical names.

  In step S201, the agrochemical name specifying unit 14 substitutes the upper limit value into the variable Ssum (S201). The upper limit value may be, for example, the maximum value that can be substituted into the variable Ssum, or the maximum value of the monetary cost that the user can apply to pesticide application.

  Subsequently, the agrochemical name specifying unit 14 sets one of the unprocessed combinations among the combinations included in the distribution candidate list as a processing target (S202). Hereinafter, the combination to be processed is referred to as “target combination”. Subsequently, the agrochemical name specifying unit 14 determines whether or not there is an agrochemical name exceeding the upper limit number among the target agrochemical names included in the target combination (S203). Specifically, the number of appearances in the target combination is counted for each target agricultural chemical name included in the target combination. The presence / absence of the target pesticide whose appearance count exceeds the upper limit count stored in the pesticide information storage unit 18 is determined.

  If there is a corresponding target agricultural chemical name (No in S203), the process proceeds to step S208. When there is no corresponding target pesticide name (Yes in S203), the pesticide name specifying unit 14 calculates the total Csum of the material cost and the work cost related to each target pesticide name included in the target combination (S204). The material cost and the work cost related to each target agricultural chemical name can be calculated based on the information stored in the agricultural chemical information storage unit 18, the area of the target agricultural field, and the like. That is, the usage amount is calculated based on the unit usage amount and the area of the target field. The material cost can be calculated by multiplying the usage amount by the unit material cost. Similarly, the work cost is calculated based on the unit work cost and the area of the target field.

  Subsequently, the agrochemical name identification unit 14 compares Csum and Ssum (S205). If Csum is equal to or greater than Ssum (No in S205), the process proceeds to step S208. When Csum is less than Ssum (Yes in S205), the pesticide name specifying unit 14 updates the value of Ssum with Csum (S206). Subsequently, the agrochemical name specifying unit 14 stores the target combination as a selection candidate in, for example, the memory device 103 (S207). At this time, if there is a combination that is already stored as a selection candidate, the combination is replaced with the target combination.

  Step S202 and subsequent steps are executed for all combinations included in the distribution candidate list (S208). When the processing is completed for all combinations (Yes in S208), the processing in FIG. 9 ends. The combination stored as the selection candidate at the end of the process in FIG. 9 is the selected combination.

  Note that the combination to be selected need not be limited to one. For example, the material cost and the work cost may be selected from the smallest to the Nth. Alternatively, all combinations may be selected as long as the combination does not exceed the upper limit number of target agricultural chemicals. In this case, the total of the material cost and the work cost may be stored for each combination and presented to the user together with the work plan. The user can use material cost, work cost, and the like as materials to be considered when selecting a combination to be adopted from a plurality of combinations.

  Further, the combination selection criteria are not limited to the material cost and the work cost. For example, a combination with the smallest number of pesticide names included may be selected. In this case, a combination that substantially minimizes the number of times of pesticide spraying is selected, and the possibility that a work plan that requires the minimum labor for spraying the pesticide is generated is increased.

  A combination that minimizes the difference between the total number of days before harvest Msum and the control period T may be selected. It is considered that the period related to the difference between the number of days before harvesting and the control period T is a period in which agricultural chemicals are wasted. Therefore, by selecting a combination that minimizes the difference, waste of agricultural chemicals can be reduced.

  Moreover, regarding the selection criterion of the combination, the user may be able to select. For example, information indicating a criterion for determining the combination priority may be stored in the auxiliary storage device 102 in advance.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, the pesticides corresponding to the pests that are expected to be generated by the predicted harvest date are automatically identified, and the relationship between the pre-harvest days of each pesticide and the predicted harvest date. Based on the above, an appropriate time can be determined as the application date of each pesticide. As a result, it is possible to expect a reduction in work mistakes such as selection mistakes for agricultural chemicals and selection dates for spraying dates. As a result, it is possible to increase the possibility of avoiding a decrease in the quality of the harvested product or a decrease in yield due to missed harvest time.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, differences from the first embodiment will be described. Therefore, the points not particularly mentioned may be the same as those in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the outline of the second embodiment. In FIG. 10, a case where a plurality of pesticides to be sprayed and a spray date of each pesticide are determined by the method described in the first embodiment, and a predicted harvest date changes after spraying some of the pesticides will be described. .

  That is, the growth of crops is greatly affected by the weather conditions. Therefore, there is a possibility that the predicted harvest date may vary depending on the weather condition after the pesticide application date is determined. FIG. 10 shows a method for determining the pesticide application date in consideration of such a possibility.

  In FIG. 10, the planned date P0 is the previous planned date related to agricultural chemical application. On the planned date P0, the predicted harvest date D1 was calculated as a predicted value for the harvest date. Moreover, the agricultural chemical A and the agricultural chemical B were determined as spraying object with respect to the control period T1. On the current planned date P1 after the application of the pesticide B on the pesticide spraying date Sb, the harvest date is predicted again. As a result, the predicted harvest date D2 before the predicted harvest date D1 is the new harvest date. Calculated as a predicted value. The predicted harvest date D2 is included in the period of the number of days before harvesting of the pesticide A scheduled to be sprayed next. Therefore, if the agricultural chemical A is sprayed according to the current plan, the farmer cannot harvest on the predicted harvest date D2.

  Therefore, in the second embodiment, the period from the expiration date of the pre-harvest days Mb of the already applied agrochemical B to the predicted harvest date D2 is set as a new control period T2. A combination of one or more pesticides for which the total number of days before harvest Msum is greater than the control period T2 is selected again as a spraying target, and the pesticide spraying date of each pesticide is calculated. FIG. 10 shows an example in which the agricultural chemical X is applied to the agricultural chemical X from the agricultural chemical C.

  As a result, even when the predicted harvest date changes due to the influence of the weather or the like, it is possible to spray the agricultural chemicals at an appropriate timing.

  In FIG. 10, there is an overlapping period between the period Mx before harvesting the pesticide X and the number Mb before harvesting the pesticide B. A combination of agricultural chemicals may be selected so that the overlapping period is minimized.

  FIG. 10 shows an example in which the current predicted harvest date D2 is earlier than the previous predicted harvest date D1, but the current predicted harvest date may be later than the previous predicted harvest date D1. The process described in FIG. 10 is executed. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the spread of damage caused by pests and pests due to the prolonged period when the pesticide is not effective before harvesting.

  Hereinafter, a processing procedure executed by the farm work support apparatus 10 according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the processing procedure of the determination process of the agricultural chemical application date by the agricultural work support apparatus according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 11, the same steps as those in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same step numbers, and the description thereof is omitted.

In FIG. 11, step S105 is replaced with step S105a. In step S105a, the pesticide name specifying unit 14 calculates the control period T2 by calculation based on the following equation (2) (S105).
Control period T2 = Expected harvest date-Expiration date of the number of days before harvest of the last sprayed pesticide (2)
However, as shown in FIG. 2, when the end date of the target pest occurrence period is before the expected harvest date, the control period T1 is “the end date of the target pest occurrence period—the last applied agricultural chemical. May be calculated by “the expiration date of the number of days before harvesting”.

  Here, the expiration date of the number of days before harvesting of the agricultural chemicals sprayed last is specified with reference to the history information storage unit 19, for example.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the history information storage unit. As FIG. 12 shows, the log | history information storage part 19 memorize | stores an application date, an agricultural chemical name, agricultural field ID, etc. for every implemented agricultural chemical application.

  The spraying date is the date on which the pesticide spraying was performed. The pesticide name is the name of the sprayed pesticide. The field ID is the ID of the field where the agricultural chemical application is performed.

  Therefore, in step S105, the record with the latest spraying date is searched from the history information storage unit 19 among the records including the field ID related to the target field. The number of days before harvest stored in the pesticide information storage unit 18 for the pesticide name of the record is added to the date of spraying of the record, thereby calculating the expiration date of the day before harvest of the last sprayed pesticide. Is done.

  Note that each record in the history information storage unit 19 may be input by the user, for example, after pesticide application. Alternatively, the farm work support apparatus 10 may store the work plan output by the output unit 15 and add a record to the history information storage unit 19 as the work is performed according to the work plan. Good. Specifically, according to the arrival of the spraying date included in the work plan for each agricultural chemical name, a record including the agricultural chemical name and the spraying date is stored in the history information storage unit 19 by the farm work support device 10. May be. At this time, the user may be inquired whether or not pesticide application is performed. A record may be added to the history information storage unit 19 in response to an input by the user for the inquiry.

  The processing content of the other steps may be the same as in FIG. As a result, as described in FIG. 10, the name of the agricultural chemical to be sprayed and the date of spraying for each agricultural chemical name are determined, and a work plan including the name of the agricultural chemical and the date of spraying is output.

  Next, a third embodiment will be described. In the third embodiment, differences from the first embodiment will be described. Therefore, the points not particularly mentioned may be the same as those in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the outline of the third embodiment. In FIG. 13, by the method described in FIG. 1 or FIG. 3, the combination including one or more pesticides to be sprayed and the spray date of each pesticide are determined, and after spraying some or all of the pesticides included in the combination, The case where the pre-harvest days of sprayed pesticides are changed will be described.

  The number of days before harvesting of agricultural chemicals, that is, the effective period, may vary depending on the state of the field after spraying. A typical case where the number of days before harvesting changes is when there is rainfall. If there is rainfall, the pesticides are washed away by the rain and the effectiveness is likely to be reduced. FIG. 13 shows a method for determining the pesticide application date in consideration of such a possibility.

  In FIG. 13, the control period T1 is a control period specified at the time of the previous planning for agricultural chemical application. At the time of the previous planning, agricultural chemical A and agricultural chemical B were determined as spraying targets for the control period T1. After the spraying of the pesticide B on the pesticide spraying date Sb, the rain was detected on the rain detection date R1 before the pre-harvest days Mb of the pesticide B expired. If the effect of the pesticide B is lost after α days after the rain, the pre-harvest days Mb of the pesticide B is substantially shortened. As a result, the period from the rain detection date R1 to the pesticide B expiration date after the expiration of α days to the spraying date Sa of the pesticide A is a period included in the control period T1, but the effect of the pesticide is not obtained. End up. In this period, there is a high possibility that the damage of pests and insects will increase.

  Therefore, in the third embodiment, for example, a plan for spraying agricultural chemicals is performed again in response to detection of rainfall. In the example of FIG. 13, the harvest date is predicted again on the rain detection date R1. Here, it is assumed that the predicted harvest date is the same as the previous time. The period from the pesticide B expiration date to the expected harvest date is set as a new control period T3. A combination of one or more pesticides for which the total number of days before harvest Msum is greater than the control period T2 is selected again as a spraying target, and the pesticide spraying date of each pesticide is calculated. FIG. 13 shows an example in which the agricultural chemical X is applied to the agricultural chemical X from the agricultural chemical C.

  As a result, even if the pre-harvest days of the already applied agricultural chemicals are changed, the agricultural chemical application can be performed at an appropriate timing. Moreover, the possibility of expansion of the damage of pests by reducing the number of days before harvesting of the already applied agricultural chemicals can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, a processing procedure executed by the farm work support apparatus 10 according to the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 14 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the processing procedure of the determination process of the agricultural chemical application date by the agricultural work support apparatus in the third embodiment. 14, the same steps as those in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same step numbers, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In FIG. 14, steps S111 to S113 are added. In FIG. 14, the meteorological information monitoring unit 13 confirms the rainfall information (S111) while waiting for a certain period (No in S110). If the rainfall information does not indicate that there was rain (No in S111), the weather information monitoring unit 13 substitutes 0 for the rain detection flag F (S112). Subsequently, waiting for a certain period is continued. The rain detection flag F is a flag variable for storing that there is a pesticide whose rain has been detected and the number of days before harvesting has not expired. 0 indicates that there is no corresponding pesticide, and 1 indicates that there is a corresponding pesticide. At the start of the process of FIG. 6, the initial value of the rain detection flag F is zero.

  On the other hand, when the rainfall information indicates that there was rainfall (Yes in S111), the weather information monitoring unit 13 refers to the history information storage unit 19 and is among the agricultural chemicals sprayed on the target field. Then, it is determined whether there is a pesticide whose days before harvest have not expired (S113). Specifically, the record with the latest spray date is searched from the history information storage unit 19 among the records including the field ID related to the target field. The number of days before harvest stored in the pesticide information storage unit 18 for the pesticide name of the record is added to the date of spraying of the record, thereby calculating the expiration date of the day before harvest of the last sprayed pesticide. Is done. If the expiration date has not passed that day, it is determined that there is a corresponding pesticide. If the expiration date has passed that day, it is determined that there is no corresponding pesticide.

  When there is no corresponding agricultural chemical (No in S113), the standby for a certain period is continued. If there is a corresponding agricultural chemical (Yes in S113), the weather information monitoring unit 13 substitutes 1 for the rain detection flag F (S114). Subsequently, step S101 and subsequent steps are executed. In step S <b> 114, the precipitation amount included in the rainfall information may be stored in the memory device 103.

  In FIG. 14, step S105 is replaced with step S105b.

In step S105b, when the rain detection flag F is 0, the pesticide name specifying unit 14 executes the same process as in step S105. On the other hand, when the rain detection flag F is 1, the pesticide name specifying unit 14 calculates the control period T3 by a calculation based on the following equation (3).
Control period T3 = predicted harvest date− (rainfall detection date + α) (3)
However, as shown in FIG. 2, when the end date of the target pest occurrence period is before the expected harvest date, the control period T3 is “the end date of the target pest occurrence period− (rainfall detection date + α)”. May be calculated.

  In FIG. 14, the rain detection date is the day on which the process of FIG. 14 is executed. This is because in the example of FIG. 14, step S101 and subsequent steps are immediately executed in response to the detection of rainfall. However, if a certain time elapses between step S114 and step S101, the date of the current day may be stored in the memory device 103 or the auxiliary storage device 102 in step S114. In step S105b, the date may be used as a rain detection date.

  Moreover, (alpha) may be specified based on the precipitation stored in step S114, for example. For example, correspondence information between the precipitation and the value of α may be stored in the auxiliary storage device 102 or the like, and the value of α may be specified based on the correspondence information. Usually, the more precipitation, the smaller the value of α. In other words, the longer the amount of precipitation, the shorter the period until the effect of the pesticide is lost.

  With the above processing, the contents described in FIG. 13 are realized.

  Note that the second embodiment and the third embodiment may be combined.

  As mentioned above, although the Example of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention is not limited to such specific embodiment, In the range of the summary of this invention described in the claim, various deformation | transformation * It can be changed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Agricultural work support apparatus 11 Harvest date prediction part 12 Pest identification part 13 Weather information monitoring part 14 Pesticide name identification part 15 Output part 16 Spreading day calculation part 17 Pest information storage part 18 Pesticide information storage part 19 History information storage part 100 Drive apparatus 101 Recording medium 102 Auxiliary storage device 103 Memory device 104 CPU
105 Interface device B bus

Claims (5)

Referring to the storage unit that stores the expected period of occurrence of pests for each pest identification information, identify the first pest that includes at least a part of the expected period of occurrence by the expected harvest date of the crop to be sprayed with pesticides,
For each pesticide name, refer to the storage unit that stores the number of days before harvest and the identification information of the corresponding pest, and the pesticide name corresponding to the identification information of the first pest, the generation period of the first pest Identify the first pesticide name related to the number of days before harvest longer than the period from the start date to the expected harvest date or the end date of the expected occurrence period,
From the predicted harvest date, calculate the date that dates back the number of days before harvest related to the first pesticide name as the application date for the pesticide name,
A farm work support method in which a computer executes a process of outputting the first pesticide name and the date of application. The processing for identifying the pesticide name is a combination of one or more pesticide names corresponding to the identification information of the first pest, and the predicted harvest date or the start date of the expected occurrence period of the first pest Identify the first combination of agricultural chemical names having a total number of days before harvest longer than the period until the end date of the expected period of occurrence,
The process of calculating the application date calculates the application date for each agricultural chemical name based on the predicted harvest date and the number of days before harvesting for each agricultural chemical name included in the first combination,
The agricultural work support method according to claim 1, wherein the output processing outputs the names of the pesticides and the application date relating to the names of the pesticides. If the expected harvest date has changed after application of some pesticides containing the pesticide name in the first combination,
The process of identifying the pest identifies a second pest that includes at least part of the expected period of occurrence by the predicted harvest date after the change,
The treatment for identifying the pesticide name is a combination of one or more pesticide names corresponding to the identification information of the second pest, and the harvest related to the pesticide name of the pesticide sprayed last among the some pesticides. The farm work support method according to claim 2, wherein a combination of agricultural chemical names having a total sum of days before harvesting is longer than a period from a date when the previous days expire to a predicted harvest date after the change or an end date of the expected generation period. After application of some or all of the agricultural chemicals containing the name of the agricultural chemical in the first combination, when the pre-harvest days are shortened before the pre-harvest days of the applied agricultural chemicals expire,
The process for identifying the pesticide name is a combination of one or more pesticide names corresponding to the identification information of the first pest, and the harvest expected date or the expected occurrence period from the expiration date of the shortened pre-harvest days The agricultural work support method according to claim 2, wherein a combination of agricultural chemical names having a total number of days before harvesting longer than a period until the end date is identified. A pest that identifies a first pest that includes at least a part of the expected occurrence period by the predicted harvest date of the crop to be sprayed with agricultural chemicals by referring to a storage unit that stores the expected occurrence period of the pest for each pest identification information A specific part,
For each pesticide name, refer to the storage unit that stores the number of days before harvest and the identification information of the corresponding pest, and the pesticide name corresponding to the identification information of the first pest, the generation period of the first pest An agrochemical name identifying unit that identifies a first agrochemical name related to the number of days before harvesting that is longer than the period from the start date to the predicted harvest date or the end date of the expected occurrence period;
From the harvest forecast date, a date that traces the number of days before harvest related to the first pesticide name, a spray date calculation unit that calculates a spray date related to the pesticide name,
An agricultural work support device having an output unit for outputting the first agricultural chemical name and the date of application.

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