JP5765126B2 - Heat storage device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat storage device.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, heat storage devices are known that store hot or cold heat and release the hot or cold heat when necessary. Such a heat storage device corresponds to, for example, a heat accumulator in which a plurality of compartments containing a heat storage material capable of storing heat, such as heat or cold, are formed, as shown in Patent Document 1, and the plurality of compartments. And a plurality of passages provided respectively. In the heat storage device, heat is exchanged between the heat medium and the heat storage material in the compartment by flowing the heat medium through the passage, and heat storage and heat dissipation are performed on the heat storage material (heat storage) through the heat exchange. Is called. In addition, in the said patent document 1, in performing heat storage with a heat storage device, also performing heat storage in order with respect to the heat storage material in several compartments is also disclosed.

JP-A-6-185411 (paragraphs [0019] to [0023], [0030] to [0033], [0046], FIG. 1)

  By the way, in the heat storage apparatus of patent document 1, since the patent document 1 does not have detailed description about the method of discharge | release of the heat | fever from a heat storage device, according to the heat | fever output request | requirement with respect to a heat storage device, such as warm heat or cold heat, it is suitable. It is unlikely that heat can be released from the regenerator. For this reason, when the heat output requirement for the regenerator is large, the heat release from the regenerator is insufficient, or when the heat output requirement for the regenerator is small, the heat release from the regenerator becomes excessive. There is a risk of

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its purpose is to appropriately release heat from the heat accumulator in accordance with the magnitude of the heat output requirement for the heat accumulator. Therefore, it is intended to provide a heat storage device capable of suppressing a shortage in the output of heat from the heat storage device and an excessive release of heat from the heat storage device.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the plurality of compartments formed in the heat accumulator are each provided with a heat storage material capable of storing heat such as heat and cold, and these heat storage materials correspond to the respective compartments. Thus, heat exchange with the heat medium flowing through the respective passages is possible. For this reason, when releasing heat from the heat accumulator, a heat medium is caused to flow through the passage to exchange heat between the heat medium and the heat accumulating material in the compartment, and the heat accumulator is passed through the heat medium. Heat (cold heat) is released from (heat storage material). Regarding the release of heat from such a heat accumulator, it is desired to appropriately perform it without excess or deficiency according to the heat output requirement for the heat accumulator. If the heat output from the regenerator cannot be appropriately performed according to the heat output requirement for the regenerator, the heat release from the regenerator is insufficient when the heat output requirement for the regenerator is large. When the heat output requirement for the heat accumulator is small, there is a possibility that the heat release from the heat accumulator becomes excessive.

  In this regard, in the first aspect of the invention, the switching means switches the passage of the heat medium to selectively flow through the plurality of passages corresponding to the plurality of compartments formed in the heat accumulator. It is possible to do. Further, the heat accumulator is formed so that the heat passage rate from the heat storage material to the heat medium is different for each of the plurality of compartments. Then, through the control of the switching means by the control means, the passage is switched by the switching means according to the magnitude of the heat output request to the heat accumulator. Thereby, according to the heat output request | requirement with respect to a thermal accumulator, it becomes possible to perform appropriately discharge | release of the heat from the thermal accumulator without excess and deficiency. As a result, as described above, it is possible to suppress a shortage in heat output from the regenerator or an excessive release of heat from the regenerator.

Specifically, when the output request of heat to thermal storage unit is determined to be larger, so that the heat medium flows through the passage which corresponds to that of which the heat transfer coefficient of the plurality of compartments is high, the passage by the switching means Is switched through the control means. In this case, since heat such as heat and cold stored in the heat storage material in the compartment is quickly transmitted to the heat medium flowing through the passage corresponding to the compartment, even if the heat output requirement for the heat accumulator is large In addition, there is no shortage in the heat output from the regenerator, and the heat output request can be satisfied quickly.
Even if the heat medium flows through the passage corresponding to the above-mentioned one having a high heat transmission rate among the plurality of compartments based on the judgment that the output requirement of the heat or cold for the heat accumulator is large, There may be cases where the thermal or cold output requirements for the vessel cannot be met. Considering this, while the heat medium is flowing in the passage corresponding to the above-mentioned one having a high heat transfer rate among the plurality of compartments, it is determined that the output requirement of the heat or cold for the heat accumulator cannot be satisfied. In this case, the heat medium is also caused to flow through a passage corresponding to a low heat passage rate among the plurality of compartments. That is, the passage is switched by the switching means so that the heat medium also flows through the passage corresponding to the one having the low heat passage rate among the plurality of compartments. For this reason, even when it is determined that the thermal medium or the cooling power output request for the heat accumulator cannot be satisfied only by allowing the heat medium to flow through the passage corresponding to the one having a high heat passage rate among the plurality of compartments, Heat and cold can be released from the regenerator in such a way as to satisfy the output demand as much as possible.

On the other hand, when it is determined that the heat output requirement for the heat accumulator is small, the heat medium flows through the passage corresponding to the one having the low heat passage rate among the plurality of compartments as in the invention of claim 2. The path is switched by the switching means through the control means. In this case, since heat such as heat and cold stored in the heat storage material in the compartment is gently transmitted to the heat medium flowing through the passage corresponding to the compartment, when the heat output requirement for the heat accumulator is small It can be suppressed that heat is excessively output from the heat accumulator and the heat stored in the heat accumulator is consumed wastefully.

According to invention of Claim 3 , the thermal storage material put into the some compartment in a thermal storage device can store the heat and cold used for the air conditioning of a vehicle. Therefore, in the summer, cold heat can be stored in the heat storage material, and when the vehicle compartment needs to be cooled, the cold heat stored in the heat storage material can be discharged from the heat storage device for use in the cooling. On the other hand, in the winter season, warm heat can be stored in the heat storage material, and when the passenger compartment needs to be heated, the heat stored in the heat storage material can be released from the heat storage device to be used for the heating. Thus, since the heat storage material for storing the heat for heating the passenger compartment and the heat storage material for storing the cooling energy for cooling the passenger compartment can be shared, the heat storage material for heating and the cooling The heat storage device does not increase in size as in the case where the heat storage material is provided separately.

Incidentally, the heat storage material is formed of a material that causes a change between a solid and a liquid in a temperature range suitable for heating the passenger compartment. For this reason, sensible heat storage is used when cold energy is stored in the heat storage material, while latent heat storage is used when warm heat is stored in the heat storage material. Here, latent heat storage is heat storage using heat absorption / dissipation of the material that accompanies a change in the state of the material forming the heat storage material (for example, change between solid and liquid). It is heat storage that does not involve the state change of the material forming the heat storage material. Comparing such sensible heat storage with latent heat storage, latent heat storage increases the amount of heat that can be stored more than sensible heat storage. Therefore, since the latent heat storage can be used as described above when storing the heating heat in the heat storage material, more heat for heating the passenger compartment can be stored in the heat storage (heat storage material). In addition, as a material which forms the said thermal storage material, it is possible to use sodium acetate like the invention of Claim 4 , for example.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Schematic which shows the structure of the circulating circuit of the cooling water in the electric vehicle to which the heat storage apparatus of this embodiment is applied. Explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the state change of a thermal storage material, and a temperature change. The graph which shows the change of the temperature of the thermal storage material with progress of time. Explanatory drawing which shows the difference in the thermal resistance of the thermal storage material with solid and a liquid. The flowchart which shows the procedure which discharge | releases heat from a thermal storage. The graph which shows transition of the required capacity | capacitance of a thermal storage device with respect to the change of the time which performs air conditioning (heating, cooling).

Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a heat storage device for an electric vehicle will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, an electric vehicle is provided with a circulation circuit 1 that circulates cooling water (heat medium) used for air conditioning such as heating and cooling of a passenger compartment. The circulation of the cooling water in the circulation circuit 1 is performed using, for example, an electric water pump 2. In the circulation circuit 1, the cooling water discharged from the water pump 2 passes through the heat exchanger 9 and the main passage 3 and then returns to the water pump 2. The cooling water circulating in the circulation circuit 1 can be raised in temperature by receiving waste heat generated in the electric vehicle or being heated by an electric heater mounted in the electric vehicle. It is also possible to lower the temperature by cooling with a heat pump. The heat exchanger 9 of the circulation circuit 1 warms or cools the air sent to the passenger compartment by the cooling water when the passenger compartment is heated or cooled through an air conditioner mounted on the automobile. It is for doing.

  In such an electric vehicle, in order to extend the cruising distance by running using the electric power stored in the battery, the electric power stored in the battery is suppressed as much as possible to perform air conditioning such as heating and cooling of the passenger compartment. It is preferable to do. For this reason, the electric vehicle is provided with a heat storage device for storing the heat and cold used for air conditioning of the passenger compartment with the intention of minimizing the power consumption of the battery by the air conditioning of the passenger compartment. When the electric vehicle is connected to an external power source to perform battery charging or the like, the temperature and temperature of the cooling water is stored in the heat storage device while adjusting the temperature of the cooling water in the circulation circuit 1 using the external power source. On the other hand, after the electric vehicle is disconnected from the external power source, the passenger compartment is air-conditioned using the heat and cold stored in the heat storage device. As a result, it is possible to suppress power consumption by the battery due to air conditioning in the passenger compartment as much as possible, and thus it is possible to extend the cruising distance of the electric vehicle by running using the power stored in the battery.

Next, the said heat storage apparatus mounted in the motor vehicle is demonstrated.
The heat storage device is connected to an upstream side of the main passage 3 of the circuit 1 and allows the cooling water to flow to the heat storage unit 5 by being connected to the heat storage unit 5 capable of storing the temperature of the cooling water circulating in the circulation circuit 1 or the cooling heat. And a passage 4. This bypass passage 4 is in a state of passing through the inside of the heat accumulator 5, and branches into a passage 4a and a passage 4b therein. The branched passages 4a and 4b are connected downstream of the main passage 3 in the circulation circuit 1, respectively. A switching valve 11 that performs a switching operation so that the cooling water flows into any one of the passages 3 and 4 is provided at a connection portion on the upstream side of the main passage 3 and the bypass passage 4 in the circulation circuit 1. Further, in the bypass passage 4, the passage 4a is provided with a first shut-off valve 12 that opens and closes to prohibit or permit the flow of the cooling water in the passage 4a, and the passage 4b has the cooling water in the passage 4b. A second shut-off valve 13 that opens and closes to prohibit or permit distribution is provided. The switching valve 11, the first shut-off valve 12, and the second shut-off valve 13 are switching means for switching the passage through which the cooling water flows so as to selectively flow the cooling water through the plurality of passages 4a and 4b. Function as.

  In the state where the flow to the main passage 3 is allowed by switching the switching valve 11 and the flow of the cooling water to the bypass passage 4 is allowed, the bypass passage 4 (heat accumulator 5, passages 4a, 4b) The cooling water will not pass through. On the other hand, when the switching valve 11 is switched, the flow of the cooling water to the main passage 3 is prohibited and the flow of the cooling water to the bypass passage 4 is allowed. By opening and closing the valve 13 as appropriate, it is possible to flow cooling water through both the passage 4a and the passage 4b or to flow cooling water through one of the passage 4a and the passage 4b. Specifically, by opening the first shut-off valve 12 and closing the second shut-off valve 13, the cooling water flows only through the passage 4a, while closing the first shut-off valve 12 and opening the second shut-off valve 13 Cooling water flows only in the passage 4b. Further, by opening both the first cutoff valve 12 and the second cutoff valve 13, the cooling water flows in both the passage 4a and the passage 4b.

  Inside the heat accumulator 5, a plurality of compartments 5a and 5b containing a heat storage material 6 capable of storing warm or cold are formed. Of the passages 4a and 4b that pass through the inside of the heat accumulator 5, the passage 4a is positioned corresponding to the compartment 5a of the plurality of compartments 5a and 5b, and the passage 4b is a plurality of compartments 5a. , 5b corresponding to the compartment 5b. Accordingly, by flowing the cooling water through the passage 4a, the heat or cold of the cooling water is stored in the heat storage material 6 of the compartment 5a, or the heat or cold stored in the heat storage material 6 is discharged through the cooling water. It becomes possible to do. On the other hand, by flowing cooling water through the passage 4b, the heat or cold of the cooling water is stored in the heat storage material 6 of the compartment 5b, or the heat or cold stored in the heat storage material 6 is discharged through the cooling water. It becomes possible to do.

  Incidentally, the heat accumulator 5 is formed so that the heat passage rate (easy heat transfer) from the heat storage material 6 to the cooling water in the passage is different for each of the plurality of compartments 5a and 5b. Specifically, the heat radiation area when heat is radiated from the compartment 5a to the passage 4a is larger than the heat radiation area when heat is radiated from the compartment 5b to the passage 4b. As a specific structure for realizing this, for example, the pitch of each fin formed in the heat accumulator 5 to radiate heat from the compartment 5a to the passage 4a is used, and heat is radiated from the compartment 5b to the passage 4b. Therefore, a structure in which the pitch is smaller than the pitch of each fin formed in the heat accumulator 5 can be given. Thereby, the heat passage rate from the heat storage material 6 in the compartment 5a to the cooling water in the passage 4a is higher than the heat passage rate from the heat storage material 6 in the compartment 5b to the cooling water in the passage 4b ( Heat is more easily transmitted).

  The heat storage material 6 is made of a material that changes between a solid and a liquid in a temperature range suitable for heating the passenger compartment, such as sodium acetate. FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the state change of the heat storage material 6 and the temperature change.

  As can be seen from the figure, when the heat storage material 6 in a solid state rises in temperature and reaches the melting point T, the heat storage material 6 changes from a solid to a liquid while keeping the temperature substantially constant even if the heat storage material 6 continues to be heated. It changes gradually. And if the heat storage material 6 whole changes to a liquid, the temperature of the heat storage material 6 comes to rise again with the said heating. In addition, when the heat storage material 6 is in a liquid state and heat (heat) is stored in the heat storage material 6, it means that the heat storage material 6 is in a latent heat storage state. This latent heat storage is heat storage using heat absorption / dissipation of the material that accompanies a change in the state of the material forming the heat storage material 6 (change between solid and liquid in this example). On the other hand, when the temperature of the heat storage material 6 in the liquid state decreases and reaches the melting point T, the heat storage material 6 gradually changes from a liquid to a solid while keeping the temperature substantially constant even if the heat is continuously released. I will do it. And if the heat storage material 6 whole changes to solid, the temperature of the heat storage material 6 comes to fall again with discharge | release of the said warm heat. In addition, when the heat storage material 6 is in a solid state and heat (hot or cold) is stored in the heat storage material 6, it means that the heat storage material 6 is in a sensible heat storage state. This sensible heat storage is heat storage (heat storage in this example as a solid) that is not accompanied by the state change of the material forming the heat storage material 6.

  Therefore, in the heat storage device, in the summer, cold heat is stored in the heat storage material 6 by sensible heat storage, and the heat stored in the heat storage material 6 is used for the cooling when the vehicle compartment needs to be cooled. It becomes possible to discharge | release from the container 5 (heat storage material 6). On the other hand, in the winter, heat is stored in the heat storage material 6 by latent heat storage, and the heat storage 5 (heat storage material 6 is used so that the heat stored in the heat storage material 6 is used for heating when the passenger compartment needs to be heated. ) Can be released. FIG. 3 shows the release characteristics of heat (heat) from the heat storage material 6. As can be seen from the figure, when the heat is released from the heat storage material 6 in the liquid state, the temperature of the heat storage material 6 decreases as shown by the solid line with the passage of time. With respect to the heat storage material 6, as shown in FIG. 4, the thermal resistance decreases when it is in a liquid state (easily releases heat), while the thermal resistance increases when it is in a solid state. It tends to be difficult to release). Therefore, in FIG. 3, when the heat storage material 6 is in a liquid state (t1 to t2), the temperature of the heat storage material 6 rapidly decreases with time, while the heat storage material 6 is in a solid state. (After t3), the temperature of the heat storage material 6 gradually decreases with time.

Next, the electrical configuration of the heat storage device will be described with reference to FIG.
The heat storage device includes an electronic control device 21 (control means) for driving and controlling the switching valve 11, the first cutoff valve 12, and the second cutoff valve 13. The electronic control device 21 includes a first temperature sensor 22 that detects the temperature of the heat storage material 6 in the compartment 5a in the heat accumulator 5, and a second temperature sensor 23 that detects the temperature of the heat storage material 6 in the compartment 5b. Various sensors are connected. The electronic control device 21 is connected to an air conditioning control computer 20 that controls the temperature of the air in the heat exchanger 9 and controls the blowing of the air into the vehicle interior via a vehicle network (CAN). Necessary information is shared with the air conditioning control computer 20 through mutual communication.

  When the electric vehicle is connected to an external power source, the electronic control device 21 uses the external power source to adjust the temperature of the cooling water in the circulation circuit 1 and adjust the temperature and temperature of the cooling water to the regenerator 5 ( Store in heat storage material 6). Specifically, in the summer, the cooling water is cooled by a heat pump so that the temperature of the cooling water in the circulation circuit 1 is lowered. In the winter, the cooling water is increased so that the temperature of the cooling water in the circulation circuit 1 is increased. On the other hand, waste heat in an electric vehicle is applied or the cooling water is heated by an electric heater. Thus, after the temperature of the cooling water in the circulation circuit 1 is adjusted to a value suitable for use in cooling the passenger compartment in the summer or a value suitable for use in heating the passenger compartment in the winter, the switching valve is adjusted. 11 allows the cooling water to flow into the bypass passage 4 and opens both the first cutoff valve 12 and the second cutoff valve 13. Thus, the temperature-controlled cooling water flows through the passages 4 a and 4 b in the bypass passage 4, and the heat or cold of the cooling water is stored in the heat storage material 6 in the compartments 5 a and 5 b in the heat accumulator 5. When it is determined that heat such as heat or cold is stored in the heat storage material 6 based on the detection signals of the first temperature sensor 22 and the second temperature sensor 23, the cooling water is supplied to the bypass passage 4 by switching the switching valve 11. Is prohibited, and the first shut-off valve 12 and the second shut-off valve 13 are both closed, whereby heat such as warm and cold is held in the heat accumulator 5 (heat storage material 6).

  On the other hand, under the state where the electric vehicle is disconnected from the external power source, the vehicle compartment is air-conditioned using the hot and cold stored in the heat accumulator 5 as described above. In other words, the bypass passage 4 (heat storage) is opened by opening at least one of the first cutoff valve 12 and the second cutoff valve 13 in a state in which the flow of the cooling water to the bypass passage 4 is permitted by switching the switching valve 11. In the vessel 5), the cooling water of the circulation circuit 1 is caused to flow through at least one of the passage 4a and the passage 4b. Thus, by flowing the cooling water of the circulation circuit 1 through the passages 4a and 4b, heat exchange is performed between the cooling water and the heat storage material 6 in the compartments 5a and 5b, and cooling after the heat exchange is performed. Heat such as warm and cold heat from the heat storage material 6 (heat storage 5) is released through water. And the cooling water which flowed out from channel | path 4a, 4b (heat accumulator 5) flows into the heat exchanger 9 of the circulation circuit 1, and thereby heating and cooling of the vehicle interior by the heat and cold discharged from the heat accumulator 5 are performed. . In addition, about discharge | releasing of the heat and cold from the said heat storage device 5 is desired to perform appropriately without excess and deficiency according to the heat output request | requirement with respect to the heat storage device 5. FIG. If the heat output from the heat accumulator 5 cannot be appropriately released according to the heat output request to the heat accumulator 5, the heat release from the heat accumulator 5 when the heat output request to the heat accumulator 5 is large. May be insufficient, or when the heat output requirement for the heat accumulator 5 is small, the release of heat from the heat accumulator 5 may be excessive.

  Next, how to dissipate heat from the heat accumulator 5 of this embodiment for dealing with the above-described problem will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This heat radiation routine is periodically executed through the electronic control device 21 by, for example, a time interruption every predetermined time.

  In this routine, it is first determined whether or not there is a heat output request such as warm or cold for the heat accumulator 5 (S101). Incidentally, in the summer, when a cooling request for the passenger compartment is made based on the fact that the temperature of the passenger compartment is higher than the target temperature of the passenger compartment set by the occupant of the electric vehicle, an output request for cold heat to the regenerator 5 is requested. Is made. Further, in the winter season, when a request for heating the passenger compartment is made based on the fact that the passenger compartment temperature is lower than the target temperature of the passenger compartment set by the occupant of the electric vehicle, an output request for warm heat to the regenerator 5 is made. Is made. Information such as the target temperature and the actual temperature is taken into the electronic control unit 21 from the air conditioning control computer 20. And if the heat output request | requirement with respect to the thermal accumulator 5 is made | formed, such as warmth and cold, affirmation determination will be made by the process of S101.

  If the determination in S101 is affirmative, whether or not the heat output request for the heat storage 5 such as warm or cold is equal to or higher than a predetermined level (S102), that is, whether or not the heat output request for the heat storage 5 is large. To be judged. Specifically, it is determined whether or not the difference between the target temperature and the actual temperature in the passenger compartment is greater than or equal to a determination value. In addition, as a determination value here, the value set beforehand by experiment etc. so that it may become the optimal value for determining whether the heat output request | requirement with respect to the thermal storage 5 is large is used.

  When the difference between the target temperature of the passenger compartment and the actual temperature is less than the above-described determination value, it is determined in step S102 that the heat output request for the heat accumulator 5 is less than a predetermined level, that is, for the heat accumulator 5. It is determined that the heat output requirement is small. At this time, the switching valve 11 and the first shut-off valve are arranged so that the cooling water flows through the passage 4b corresponding to the one having a low heat passage rate (the compartment 5b) among the plurality of compartments 5a and 5b formed in the heat accumulator 5. 12 and the switching of the passage by the second shut-off valve 13 are performed, thereby releasing warm or cold from the heat accumulator 5 (S103). Specifically, under the condition that the flow of the cooling water to the bypass passage 4 is permitted by switching the switching valve 11, the first shut-off valve 12 is closed and the second shut-off valve 13 is opened to cool the passage 4b. Water is flowed to discharge hot or cold heat from the heat accumulator 5. In this case, heat such as warm and cold stored in the heat storage material 6 in the compartment 5b is gently transmitted to the cooling water flowing through the passage 4b corresponding to the compartment 5b. When the output request is small, excessive heat is output from the heat accumulator 5, and it is possible to suppress wasteful consumption of the heat stored in the heat accumulator 5.

  On the other hand, when the difference between the target temperature of the passenger compartment and the actual temperature is equal to or higher than the above-described determination value, it is determined in the process of S102 that the heat output request to the regenerator 5 is equal to or higher than a predetermined level, It is determined that the heat output requirement is large. At this time, the switching valve 11 and the first shut-off valve are arranged so that the cooling water flows into the passage 4a corresponding to the one having a high heat passage rate (the compartment 5a) among the plurality of compartments 5a and 5b formed in the heat accumulator 5. 12 and the switching of the passage by the second shut-off valve 13 are performed, thereby releasing warm or cold from the heat accumulator 5 (S104). Specifically, under the condition that the flow of cooling water to the bypass passage 4 is allowed by switching the switching valve 11, the first shut-off valve 12 is opened and the second shut-off valve 13 is closed to cool the passage 4a. Water is flowed to discharge hot or cold heat from the heat accumulator 5. In this case, since heat such as warm and cold stored in the heat storage material 6 in the compartment 5a is quickly transmitted to the cooling water flowing through the passage 4a corresponding to the compartment 5a, the heat to the heat accumulator 5 is transferred. Even if the output demand is large, there is no shortage in the heat output from the heat accumulator 5, and the heat output demand can be satisfied quickly.

  Here, even if the cooling water is caused to flow through the passage 4a corresponding to the compartment 5a having a high heat transfer rate by the process of S104, there is a possibility that the output request of the heat or cold to the heat accumulator 5 may not be satisfied by itself. Therefore, the process of S105 is executed to cope with it. That is, while the cooling water is flowing through the passage 4a by the process of S104, it is determined whether or not the output of heat from the heat accumulator 5 is insufficient (S105). Specifically, based on the detection signal of the first temperature sensor 22 and the difference between the target temperature of the passenger compartment and the actual temperature, the heat to the heat accumulator 5 can be obtained only by the heat output from the heat storage material 6 in the compartment 5a. It is determined whether or not the output request cannot be satisfied. And if affirmation determination is made by S105, it will switch so that cooling water may be poured also into the channel | path 4b corresponding to the thing with a low heat passage rate (compartment room 5b) among the some compartments 5a and 5b in the thermal storage device 5. The passage is switched by the valve 11, the first cutoff valve 12, and the second cutoff valve 13 (S103). Specifically, when the process proceeds from S104 to S103, the switching valve 11 is switched so that the flow of cooling water to the bypass passage 4 is allowed and the first cutoff valve 12 is opened. 13 is also opened, the cooling water is caused to flow in the passage 4b together with the passage 4a, and the heat or cold is discharged from the heat accumulator 5. As a result, only by allowing the cooling water to flow through the passage 4a corresponding to the one having a high heat transfer rate (the compartment 5a) among the plurality of compartments 5a and 5b, the thermal or cold output request for the regenerator 5 can be satisfied. Even when it is determined that there is not, the heat and cold are discharged from the regenerator 5 in such a way as to satisfy the output request as much as possible.

According to the embodiment described in detail above, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In order to selectively flow the cooling water through the plurality of passages 4a, 4b corresponding to the plurality of compartments 5a, 5b formed in the heat accumulator 5, the switching of the passage through which the cooling water flows is the switching valve 11, This is performed by the first cutoff valve 12 and the second cutoff valve 13. Further, the heat accumulator 5 is formed such that the heat passage rate from the heat storage material 6 to the cooling water is different for each of the plurality of compartments 5a and 5b. The passage is switched by the switching valve 11, the first shut-off valve 12, and the second shut-off valve 13 in accordance with the magnitude of the heat output requirement such as warm and cold for the heat accumulator 5. Thereby, according to the said heat output request | requirement with respect to the thermal accumulator 5, it becomes possible to perform appropriately discharge | release of the heat from the thermal accumulator 5 without excess and deficiency. As a result, it is possible to suppress a shortage in the heat output from the regenerator 5 or an excessive release of heat from the regenerator 5.

  Specifically, when it is determined that the heat output requirement for the heat accumulator 5 is large, the passage 4a corresponding to the one having a high heat passage rate (the compartment 5a) among the plurality of compartments 5a and 5b in the heat accumulator 5. The passage is switched by the switching valve 11, the first shut-off valve 12, and the second shut-off valve 13 so that the cooling water flows through. In this case, since heat such as warm and cold stored in the heat storage material 6 in the compartment 5a is quickly transmitted to the cooling water flowing through the passage 4a corresponding to the compartment 5a, the heat to the heat accumulator 5 is transferred. Even if the output demand is large, there is no shortage in the heat output from the heat accumulator 5, and the heat output demand can be satisfied quickly.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the heat output requirement for the heat accumulator 5 is small, the cooling water flows in the passage 4b corresponding to the one having the low heat passage rate (the compartment 5b) among the plurality of compartments 5a and 5b. The passage is switched by the switching valve 11, the first cutoff valve 12, and the second cutoff valve 13. In this case, heat such as warm and cold stored in the heat storage material 6 in the compartment 5b is gently transmitted to the cooling water flowing through the passage 4b corresponding to the compartment 5b. When the output request is small, excessive heat is output from the heat accumulator 5, and it is possible to suppress wasteful consumption of the heat stored in the heat accumulator 5.

  (2) As described above, while the cooling water is flowing through the passage 4a corresponding to the one having a high heat passage rate (the compartment 5a) among the plurality of compartments 5a and 5b, the heat and cold from the regenerator 5 It is determined whether the heat output is insufficient. If an affirmative determination is made here, the switching valve 11, so that the cooling water is caused to flow also into the passage 4b corresponding to the one having a low heat passage rate (the compartment 5b) among the plurality of compartments 5a and 5b in the heat accumulator 5. The passage is switched by the first cutoff valve 12 and the second cutoff valve 13. As a result, only by allowing the cooling water to flow through the passage 4a corresponding to the one having a high heat transfer rate (the compartment 5a) among the plurality of compartments 5a and 5b, the thermal or cold output request for the regenerator 5 can be satisfied. Even when it is determined that there is not, it is possible to release the heat and cold from the heat accumulator 5 in such a way as to satisfy the output request as much as possible.

  (3) The heat storage material 6 can store hot and cold heat used for air conditioning in the passenger compartment. Therefore, cold heat can be stored in the heat storage material 6 in the summer, and the cold stored in the heat storage material 6 can be discharged from the heat storage device 5 to be used for the cooling when the passenger compartment needs to be cooled. On the other hand, in the winter season, warm heat can be stored in the heat storage material 6, and when the passenger compartment needs heating, the heat stored in the heat storage material 6 can be released from the heat storage 5 to be used for the heating. Thus, since the heat storage material for storing the heat for heating the passenger compartment and the heat storage material for storing the cooling energy for cooling the passenger compartment can be shared, the heat storage material for heating and the cooling The heat storage device does not increase in size as in the case where the heat storage material is provided separately.

  Here, in the case where the vehicle compartment is heated only by the heat stored in the heat accumulator 5, or the vehicle compartment is cooled only by the cold heat stored in the heat accumulator 5, depending on the time for performing such heating or cooling. Thus, the required capacity of the heat accumulator 5 changes. In FIG. 6, the solid line shows the transition of the required capacity of the regenerator 5 with respect to the change in time for heating, and the broken line shows the change in the required capacity of the regenerator 5 with respect to the change in time for cooling. Show. As can be seen from the figure, if the heating is performed for a predetermined time Ta, the regenerator 5 having a capacity greater than the required capacity VL1 is required, and if the cooling is performed for the predetermined time Ta, the capacity exceeding the required capacity VL2 is required. The regenerator 5 is required. For this reason, when it is going to provide the heat storage device (heat storage material) for heating and the heat storage device (heat storage material) for cooling separately, the heat storage device with the capacity more than the necessary capacity VL1 and the capacity with the capacity more than the necessary capacity VL2 It is inevitable that the heat storage device will be increased in size in order to secure an installation space for the heat storage devices. However, such an increase in the size of the heat storage device is suppressed by making the heat storage device (heat storage material) for heating and the heat storage device (heat storage material) for cooling common.

  (4) The heat storage material 6 is formed of a material that changes between a solid and a liquid in a temperature range suitable for heating the passenger compartment, such as sodium acetate. For this reason, when storing cold heat in the heat storage material 6, sensible heat storage is used, whereas when storing heat in the heat storage material 6, latent heat storage is used. Comparing these sensible heat storage and latent heat storage, the latent heat storage increases the amount of heat that can be stored more than the sensible heat storage. And since the latent heat storage can be used as mentioned above when storing the heat for heating in the heat storage material 6, more heat for heating the passenger compartment is stored in the heat storage 5 (heat storage material 6). Can do.

In addition, the said embodiment can also be changed as follows, for example.
-Materials other than sodium acetate may be used as a material for forming the heat storage material 6. For example, if water is used as the heat storage material 6, the state change between the solid and the liquid is performed in a temperature range suitable for cooling the passenger compartment, and the cooler suitable for cooling the passenger compartment is supplied to the regenerator 5 as latent heat storage. Can be stored. Therefore, in this case, it is possible to store more cold heat for cooling the passenger compartment in the heat accumulator 5 (heat storage material 6) compared to the heat for heating the passenger compartment.

-As a material for forming the heat storage material 6, you may use the material which stores both warm heat and cold energy by sensible heat storage.
-The process of S105 in the thermal radiation routine of FIG. 5 may be abbreviate | omitted, and it may be made not to flow a cooling water through both the channel | path 4a and the channel | path 4b during discharge | release of the heat and cold from the thermal storage 5.

-A heat medium other than water (cooling water) may be used.
The heat and cold stored in the regenerator 5 may be used not only for air conditioning in the passenger compartment but also for warming up and cooling various devices such as a transmission mounted in an electric vehicle. In this case, the magnitude of the heat output requirement for the heat accumulator 5 varies depending on not only the air conditioning requirement of the passenger compartment but also the warm-up requirement and cooling requirement of the equipment. For example, when there is a request for warming up the transmission, the output request for heat (warm heat) to the heat accumulator 5 tends to become larger than the predetermined level in S102 in the heat radiation routine of FIG.

  -You may apply this invention to vehicles other than an electric vehicle, for example, the hybrid vehicle which mounts an internal combustion engine and a motor as a motor, and the vehicle which mounts only an internal combustion engine as a motor.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Circulation circuit, 2 ... Water pump, 3 ... Main passage, 4 ... Bypass passage, 4b, 4a ... Passage, 5 ... Heat storage, 5a, 5b ... Compartment room, 6 ... Heat storage material, 9 ... Heat exchanger, 11 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Switching valve, 12 ... 1st cutoff valve, 13 ... 2nd cutoff valve, 20 ... Air-conditioning control computer, 21 ... Electronic control unit, 22 ... 1st temperature sensor, 23 ... 2nd temperature sensor.

Claims (4)

A heat accumulator in which a plurality of compartments containing a heat storage material capable of storing hot or cold energy are formed, and a plurality of passages provided corresponding to the plurality of compartments, respectively, In the heat storage device that causes the medium to flow and exchanges heat between the heat storage medium and the heat storage material in the compartment, and releases heat or cold from the heat storage device through the heat medium,
A switching means capable of switching a passage through which the heat medium flows in order to selectively flow the heat medium to the plurality of passages, and a control means for controlling the switching of the passage by the switching means,
The heat accumulator is formed such that the heat passage rate from the heat storage material to the heat medium is different for each of the plurality of compartments,
Wherein,
Depending on the magnitude of the output requirement of warm or cold for the heat accumulator, the switching by the switching means is performed ,
The passage by the switching means so that the heat medium flows through the passage corresponding to the one having the high heat passage rate among the plurality of compartments when it is determined that the output demand of the heat or cold to the heat accumulator is large. While switching
Based on the judgment that there is a large output requirement of warm or cold for the heat accumulator, the heat storage is performed while the heat medium flows through a passage corresponding to the one having the high heat passage rate among the plurality of compartments. By the switching means so that the heat medium also flows through the passage corresponding to the one having the low heat passage rate among the plurality of compartments when it is determined that the output request of the heat or cold to the container cannot be satisfied. The heat storage device characterized by switching the passage .   The control means, when it is determined that a request for output of heat or cold to the heat accumulator is small, the heat medium flows in a passage corresponding to a low heat passage rate among the plurality of compartments. The heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein the passage is switched by a switching means.   The heat storage material stores hot heat and cold heat used for air conditioning of a vehicle, and is formed of a material that changes between a solid and a liquid in a temperature range suitable for heating of a passenger compartment. Item 1. The heat storage device according to item 1. The heat storage device according to claim 3 , wherein the heat storage material is formed of sodium acetate.

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