JP5758318B2 - Casting equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a casting apparatus that performs precision casting of articles.

  For example, parts such as moving blades and stationary blades for gas turbines are manufactured by precision casting using directional solidification, so that the crystal structure of these parts becomes columnar crystals or single crystals. The aim was to suppress creep deformation and improve fatigue strength. And in the casting apparatus which manufactures such a part, it has the structure which guides the casting mold into which the molten alloy was poured slowly to the cooling chamber, and cools sequentially from one end of the casting mold. Is possible.

  Thus, in order to achieve directional solidification, the casting mold is slowly guided to the cooling chamber, and casting is performed while maintaining a large temperature gradient at the solidification interface of the molten alloy inside the casting mold. However, in the cooling chamber, since the molten alloy is solidified only by radiative cooling, the solidification rate is reduced, which may cause casting defects.

  Here, Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a casting apparatus that performs directional solidification. In addition to the conventional casting apparatus as described above, this casting apparatus blows an inert cooling gas to the casting mold in the cooling chamber to improve the temperature gradient and solidification rate, resulting in casting defects that occur during directional solidification. Was suppressed.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-10919

  However, in a casting apparatus that performs precision casting by directional solidification, the entire apparatus is disposed in a vacuum chamber so that an oxide film is not formed on the surface of the casting and is in a substantially vacuum state. For this reason, as described in Patent Document 1, when heat exchange is performed by blowing an inert cooling gas into the cooling chamber, the cooling gas after heat exchange is extracted from the vacuum chamber, and filtration, recooling, and compression are performed. Then, it was necessary to supply the cooling gas again into the vacuum chamber. Therefore, since it is necessary to manage the cooling gas in this manner while maintaining the vacuum chamber in a substantially vacuum state, the apparatus becomes complicated. Furthermore, there is a problem that it is difficult to control the behavior of a gas such as a cooling gas in the vacuum chamber, and that it is difficult to handle. In some cases, the cooling rate is improved by bringing a liquid metal into contact with the casting mold in place of the cooling gas. However, in this case as well, there are problems in complicating the apparatus and handling.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a casting apparatus that can suppress the occurrence of casting defects with a simple configuration.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
That is, in the casting apparatus according to the present invention, in the vacuum chamber, the mold for holding the molten metal is partitioned from the heating chamber into the cooling chamber provided below the heating chamber by the heating chamber and the heat insulating partition plate. A casting apparatus that guides and performs directional solidification, wherein the cooling chamber is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and at least the contact surface side is made of a metal material having a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold, and A solid metal supply section for supplying the solid metal to the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and the solid metal is provided in a block shape, and the solid metal supply section is provided on the outer peripheral side of the mold. A pair is arranged at positions facing each other, and as the mold is guided into the cooling chamber, the respective solid metals are sequentially stacked and supplied so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the mold. To do.

  According to such a casting apparatus, when the solid metal comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mold guided into the cooling chamber, heat is removed from the molten metal in the mold through heat conduction. Further, since the solid metal is a metal material having a melting point lower than that of the mold, it is melted when it comes into contact with the mold, and can be removed by this latent heat of fusion. Therefore, the temperature gradient and the solidification rate can be improved by the synergistic effect of heat conduction and melting, and casting defects can be suppressed. Furthermore, since solid metals are solid, they are easy to handle even in vacuum conditions, unlike gases and liquids, and they can be reliably removed from contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mold without using complicated equipment. Is possible.

Further, the solid metal is supplied in accordance with the operation of guiding the mold. That is, the solid metal is sequentially supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the mold in an upward direction opposite to the lower direction as the guide direction, so that the outer peripheral surface of the mold is sequentially contacted upward and cooled. It is possible to go. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of casting defects by performing directional solidification of the molten metal in the mold while improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate with the solid metal. Furthermore, with the melting of the solid metal when the solid metal comes into contact with the mold, the solid metal is deformed into a shape along the outer shape of the mold and covers the outer peripheral surface of the mold in the circumferential direction. As a result, the contact area can be increased to further increase the cooling rate, and the occurrence of casting defects can be reliably suppressed by further improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate.

  Furthermore, the surface of the solid metal that contacts the mold may have a shape along the outer shape of the mold.

  The solid metal corresponding to such a mold shape ensures that the solid metal comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and more effective heat removal is possible. Can be improved. Moreover, if it is with respect to the casting mold of the same shape, it can be reused, leading to cost reduction.

  Further, the solid metal is attached to the surface layer portion made of a metal material having a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold on the surface side in contact with the mold, and on the side opposite to the surface in contact with the mold of the surface layer portion, And a cooling part in which the refrigerant can be circulated.

  With such a solid metal, the surface layer portion contacts the outer peripheral surface of the mold to perform heat removal, and the cooling portion cools the surface layer portion, thereby further improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate. In addition, after the use of the solid metal, it can be reused by exchanging only the surface layer portion, leading to cost reduction.

  Further, each of the pair of solid metal supply units includes a stock unit prepared by stacking a plurality of the solid metals, a mounting plate disposed above the stock unit, and one solid from the stock unit. A lift unit that lifts the metal and places it on the mounting plate; and an extruding unit that pushes and supplies the solid metal on the mounting plate one by one toward the outer peripheral surface of the mold. May be.

  After preparing the solid metal on the mounting plate by the lift unit from the stock unit by such a solid metal supply unit, the extrusion unit extrudes the solid metal from the mounting plate, so that the solid metal is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the mold. Sequentially fed and contacted, heat can be removed. Accordingly, the occurrence of casting defects is suppressed by improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate.

  In addition, each of the pair of solid metal supply units is prepared by stacking an inclined table whose upper surface is an inclined surface inclined downward from above toward the mold, and a plurality of the solid metals. A solid part for supplying the solid metal from the outer peripheral side, and a plurality of the solid metal in the stock part and the mold, and holding the solid metal in the stock part, and cooling the mold There may be provided a stopper that is opened in conjunction with the movement into the room, and that allows the solid metal to move on the inclined table by its own weight toward the mold one by one.

  In such a solid metal supply unit, when the stopper is opened, the solid metal is weighted one by one from a plurality of solid metals prepared by stacking on the stock unit without installing a special device. On the ramp. Then, the solid metal can be sequentially supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the mold and brought into contact therewith to be deheated, which leads to the suppression of the occurrence of casting defects by improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate.

Further, in the casting apparatus according to the present invention, in the vacuum chamber, the mold for holding the molten metal is partitioned from the heating chamber into the cooling chamber provided below the heating chamber by the heating chamber and the heat insulating partition plate. A casting apparatus that guides and performs directional solidification, wherein the cooling chamber is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and at least the contact surface side is made of a metal material having a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold, and A solid metal supply unit configured to supply the solid metal to the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and the solid metal is provided in a spherical shape, and the solid metal supply unit is provided on the outer peripheral side of the mold. A pair is arranged at positions facing each other, and as the mold is guided into the cooling chamber, the solid metal is sequentially introduced so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and the pair of the solid metal supply parts Each of which And a spouting unit for supplying the body metal is ejected toward the outer circumferential surface of the mold.

Thus, the spherical solid metal is supplied in accordance with the operation of guiding the mold. That is, solid metal is sequentially supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the mold in an upward direction opposite to the guide direction and comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mold, so that the fixed metal is melted and the upper surface of the mold is The outer peripheral surface of the mold is covered in the circumferential direction while adhering toward the surface and can be cooled. Accordingly, the solid metal can further improve the temperature gradient and the solidification rate, thereby suppressing the occurrence of casting defects.
In addition, the ejection portion can reliably supply the solid metal to the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and the occurrence of casting defects can be more reliably suppressed by further improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate.

Further, in the casting apparatus according to the present invention, in the vacuum chamber, the mold for holding the molten metal is partitioned from the heating chamber into the cooling chamber provided below the heating chamber by the heating chamber and the heat insulating partition plate. A casting apparatus that guides and performs directional solidification, wherein the cooling chamber is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and at least the contact surface side is made of a metal material having a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold, and A solid metal supply unit configured to supply the solid metal to the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and the solid metal is provided in a spherical shape, and the solid metal supply unit is provided on the outer peripheral side of the mold. A pair is arranged at positions facing each other, and as the mold is guided into the cooling chamber, the solid metal is sequentially introduced so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and the pair of the solid metal supply parts Each is an upper surface An inclined table formed with an inclined surface inclined downward from above toward the mold, a stock portion for preparing a plurality of the solid metals and supplying the solid metal from the outer peripheral side onto the inclined table, and the stock The solid metal is disposed between the plurality of solid metals and the mold of the part, and holds the solid metal in the stock part, and is released in conjunction with the movement of the mold into the cooling chamber. toward mold that has a stopper which can move under its own weight on the inclined base.

  In such a solid metal supply unit, when the stopper is opened, the solid metal slides and rolls on the tilt table by its own weight without installing a special device. Then, the solid metal can be supplied while sequentially adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and this reliably leads to the suppression of the occurrence of casting defects by further improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate.

  Moreover, the casting apparatus according to the present invention may further include a cooling means for cooling the range in which the solid metal covers the outer peripheral surface of the mold from the outer peripheral side of the solid metal.

  By cooling the solid metal by such a cooling means, the cooling effect is improved and the occurrence of further casting defects is suppressed.

  According to the casting apparatus of the present invention, since the solid metal is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mold for cooling, the temperature gradient and the solidification rate can be further improved with a simple configuration, and the occurrence of casting defects can be suppressed. it can.

It is the whole side view which shows the casting apparatus which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a)-(c) has shown the mode of operation | movement in time series. It is a top view which shows the solid metal and casting_mold | template in the casting apparatus which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a), (b) has shown the mode of operation | movement in time series. It is a top view which shows the solid metal and casting_mold | template in the casting apparatus which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the solid metal and casting_mold | template in the casting apparatus which concerns on 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is the whole side view which shows the casting apparatus which concerns on 4th embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a)-(c) has shown the mode of operation | movement in time series. It is a whole side view which shows the casting apparatus which concerns on 5th embodiment of this invention. It is a whole side view which shows the casting apparatus which concerns on 6th embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a)-(c) has shown the mode of operation | movement in time series.

Hereinafter, the casting apparatus 1A according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The casting apparatus 1A is a manufacturing apparatus that manufactures parts such as a moving blade and a stationary blade for a gas turbine that require mechanical strength by precision casting.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a casting apparatus 1 </ b> A includes a vacuum chamber 2 in which an internal space is maintained in a substantially vacuum state, a heating chamber 3 disposed at an upper portion in the vacuum chamber 2, and a heating chamber in the vacuum chamber 2. 3, the cooling chamber 5 provided below 3, the heat insulating partition plate 4 disposed between the heating chamber 3 and the cooling chamber 5, and the heating chamber 3 and the cooling chamber 5, and can be filled with the alloy M inside. The mold 6 is provided with a cooling plate 9 and a drive rod 7 for supporting the mold 6 from below.

  The vacuum chamber 2 is a container-like member whose interior is a space and is maintained in a substantially vacuum state.

  The heating chamber 3 is a container-like member that is disposed in the upper part of the vacuum chamber 2 and has a space inside. A heater 8 is provided along the inner peripheral surface 3 a of the heating chamber 3 so that the space inside the heating chamber 3 can be maintained at a temperature higher than the melting point of the alloy M filled in the mold 6. .

  The heat insulating partition plate 4 is provided between the heating chamber 3 and the cooling chamber 5 so as to protrude in the horizontal direction from the inner peripheral surface 2a of the vacuum chamber 2 toward the inner peripheral side, and the heating chamber 3 and the cooling chamber 5 The heat transfer between the two is cut off. Further, the heat insulating partition plate 4 is formed with an opening 4a that communicates the heating chamber 3 and the cooling chamber 5 in the vertical direction at the central portion on the inner peripheral side of the vacuum chamber 2, and the diameter of the opening 4a is as follows. The outer diameter of the mold 6 is larger.

  The mold 6 is made of a refractory material such as ceramic, and a space corresponding to the outer shape of a moving blade or a stationary blade to be cast is formed inside using a lost wax method or the like, and openings 6a, 6b is provided. The alloy M melted in a melting furnace (not shown) can be filled into the mold 6 from the opening 6a at the upper end. The opening 6b at the lower end is closed from below by the cooling plate 9, and the mold 6 is supported from below by the cooling plate 9.

  Further, the mold 6 is disposed in the central portion on the inner peripheral side of the vacuum chamber 2, and can be moved vertically between the heating chamber 3 and the cooling chamber 5 through the opening 4 a of the heat insulating partition plate 4. It is said that.

Next, the cooling chamber 5 will be described.
The cooling chamber 5 is a container-like member that is provided below the heating chamber 3 by a heat insulating partition plate 4 and has a space inside, and the melting point of the alloy M that fills the space inside the mold 6. Is kept at a lower temperature.

  The cooling chamber 5 is supplied so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral surface 6 c of the mold 6 from each of the pair of solid metal supply portions 11 provided opposite to the outer peripheral side in the internal space and the solid metal supply portions 11. The solid metal W1 is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the solid metal W <b> 1 has a rectangular parallelepiped block shape, is made of a metal material having a high heat transfer coefficient and a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold 6. Whether the dimension in the depth direction (the depth direction in FIG. 1 or the vertical direction in FIG. 2) is equal to the dimension in the depth direction of the mold 6 so that the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 can be covered in the circumferential direction. Or slightly larger.

  The solid metal supply unit 11 is provided with a pair at positions facing each other across the mold 6 along the inner peripheral surface 5 a inside the cooling chamber 5 on the outer peripheral side inside the cooling chamber 5. Each solid metal supply unit 11 mounts the stock unit 14 prepared by stacking the solid metal W1, the mounting plate 15 provided above the stock unit 14, and the solid metal W1 of the stock unit 14. The lift part 16 mounted on the board 15 and the extrusion part 17 which extrudes the solid metal W1 from the mounting board 15 toward the inner peripheral side of the cooling chamber 5 are provided.

  The stock portion 14 is provided extending in the vertical direction along the inner peripheral surface 5a of the cooling chamber 5, and is prepared by laminating a plurality of solid metals W1 therein.

  The mounting plate 15 is a plate-like member that protrudes from the inner peripheral surface 5a of the cooling chamber 5 toward the inner peripheral side above the stock portion 14, and has an upper surface that is parallel to the horizontal direction, and is a solid metal W1. Can be placed one by one.

  The lift part 16 is composed of, for example, a servo motor (not shown). The lift part 16 intermittently lifts a plurality of solid metals W1 stacked on the stock part 14 from below as the mold 6 descends, so that one solid metal W1 is obtained. One by one is supplied onto the mounting plate 15.

  The extruding unit 17 supplies the solid metal W <b> 1 lifted from the stock unit 14 onto the mounting plate 15 by the lift unit 16 by pushing it from the mounting plate 15 toward the outer peripheral surface 6 c of the mold 6.

  The cooling plate 9 is a plate-like member that is disposed at the lower part of the mold 6 and is maintained at the same temperature as the inside of the cooling chamber 5 that closes the opening 6 b at the lower end of the mold 6. Further, the solid metal W1 supplied from the solid metal supply unit 11 to the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 is supported from below, and the solid metal W1 is held in contact with the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6.

  The drive rod 7 is a drive device that is provided through the bottom 5b of the cooling chamber 5 and can be moved in the vertical direction by, for example, a motor (not shown) while further supporting the cooling plate 9 from below.

  In such a casting apparatus 1 </ b> A, as shown in FIG. 1A, the mold 6 is placed in the heating chamber 3 with the drive rod 7 moving and supporting the mold 6 via the cooling plate 9. To do. Then, the alloy M melted in a melting furnace (not shown) is filled into the mold 6 through the opening 6 a at the upper end of the mold 6.

  Here, since the inside of the heating chamber 3 is maintained at a temperature higher than the melting point of the alloy M, the molten alloy M inside the mold 6 does not solidify.

  And the lower end part of the alloy M with which the inside of the casting_mold | template 6 was filled solidifies by contacting the cooling plate 9, and a thin solidification part, ie, a solidification interface, is formed.

  Thereafter, the drive rod 7 lowers the mold 6 through the opening 4 a of the heat insulating partition plate 4, and the mold 6 is guided into the cooling chamber 5. In the cooling chamber 5, the mold 6 is gradually lowered (at a speed of about several tens of centimeters per hour).

  Here, since the inside of the cooling chamber 5 is maintained at a temperature lower than the melting point of the alloy M inside the mold 6, the solidification interface gradually moves upward as the mold 6 is guided to the cooling chamber 5. Then, solidification proceeds upward by radiation cooling, and directional solidification is achieved.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), in conjunction with the operation of the drive rod 7, that is, the lowering of the mold 6, the lift part 16 in each solid metal supply part 11 is moved from the stock part 14 to the first solid metal. W1 is mounted on the mounting plate 15 one by one. And the extrusion part 17 extrudes and supplies the solid metal W1 so that the outer peripheral surface 6c of the casting_mold | template 6 may be covered. The initially supplied solid metal W1 is placed on the cooling plate 9 in contact with the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6, and is prevented from falling downward in the cooling chamber 5, so that the solid metal W1 is applied to the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6. The contact state is maintained.

  In addition, since the pair of solid metals W1 supplied from each solid metal supply unit 11 is made of a material having high thermal conductivity, the molten alloy in the mold 6 is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6. Heat is removed from M. Further, since the pair of solid metals W1 is made of a material having a melting point lower than that of the mold 6, the melting in the mold 6 can also be achieved by melting and removing the latent heat of fusion when contacting the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6. Heat can be removed from the alloy M.

  In this way, due to the synergistic effect of heat conduction and melting, heat is removed from the molten alloy M in the mold 6, and the temperature gradient and solidification rate of the alloy M can be improved.

  Further, the dimension in the depth direction of the solid metal W <b> 1 is set to be equal to or larger than the dimension in the depth direction of the mold 6. For this reason, when the solid metal W1 contacts the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 and melts, the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 is covered in the circumferential direction. As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the heat conduction effect can be improved by deforming into a shape along the outer shape of the mold 6 to increase the contact area, and the temperature gradient and solidification rate can be improved. Further improvements are possible.

  And as shown in FIG.1 (c), after a pair of solid metal W1 supplied by the extrusion part 17 contacted the outer peripheral surface 6c of the casting_mold | template 6 and deheated as the casting_mold | template 6 descend | falls, As the mold 6 is further lowered, the next pair of solid metals W1 is supplied. That is, a pair of solid metals W1 are sequentially supplied upward toward the side opposite to the moving direction of the mold 6, and are stacked on top of the previously supplied solid metal W1 while cooling. Therefore, it is possible to perform directional solidification while improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate by the solid metal W1.

  Here, the cooling chamber 5 is disposed inside the vacuum chamber 2 and is maintained in a substantially vacuum state. For this reason, if the cooling chamber 5 is cooled by a gas or liquid refrigerant instead of the solid metal W1, the apparatus becomes complicated and difficult to handle. In this respect, since the solid metal W1 is used in the present embodiment, heat can be removed by supplying it to a place to be reliably cooled with a simple apparatus configuration.

  According to the casting apparatus 1 </ b> A of the present embodiment, as the mold 6 descends in the cooling chamber 5, the solid metal W <b> 1 is used in addition to the radiative cooling in the cooling chamber 5, so Heat removal is performed. Therefore, it is possible to perform directional solidification while increasing the cooling rate and improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate with a simple configuration. That is, it is possible to manufacture a moving blade or a stationary blade having increased mechanical strength while suppressing casting defects.

Next, the casting apparatus 1B which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 1st embodiment, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
In the present embodiment, the solid metal W2 is different from that of the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the solid metal W2 has a shape that conforms to the outer shape of the mold 6 in advance, and a surface layer portion W2a provided on the surface side in contact with the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6, and the surface layer portion. It has a solid metal body W2b attached to the opposite side of the mold 6 of W2a.

  The surface layer portion W2a is made of a material having a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold 6, such as aluminum, and is a portion that contacts the mold 6 when the solid metal W2 is supplied.

  The solid metal main body W2b is made of a material having a melting point higher than that of the mold 6, such as copper.

  That is, the solid metal W2 has a two-layer structure including a solid metal main body W2b made of copper or the like and a surface layer portion W2a made of aluminum or the like.

  In such a casting apparatus 1B, the solid metal W2 supplied by the solid metal supply unit 11 contacts the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 so as to exactly match the shape of the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6. Therefore, the contact area with the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 can be increased, heat can be removed more effectively, and the temperature gradient and the solidification rate can be improved.

  Further, since the solid metal W2 has a shape that matches the shape of the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6, if it is for the same mold 6, it can be reused repeatedly.

  Furthermore, although the surface layer part W2a which contacted the outer peripheral surface 6c of the casting_mold | template 6 will melt | dissolve, the solid metal main body W2b will not melt | dissolve. Therefore, only the surface layer portion W2a that has melted in contact with the mold 6 can be replaced.

  According to the casting apparatus 1B of this embodiment, it becomes possible to perform directional solidification while increasing the contact area with the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 and improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture a moving blade or stationary blade having increased mechanical strength while suppressing casting defects.

  The mold 6 having the same shape can be reused, and the solid metal W2 has a two-layer structure of the surface layer portion W2a and the solid metal body W2b, so that the solid metal W2 can be easily reused. The cost can be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, the two-layer structure of the surface layer portion W2a and the solid metal body W2b is used. However, the entire solid metal W2 may be formed of the same material as the surface layer portion W2a.

Next, a casting apparatus 1C according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 1st embodiment and 2nd embodiment, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
In the present embodiment, the solid metal W3 is different from those in the first embodiment and the second embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the solid metal W3 has a shape that conforms to the outer shape of the mold 6 in advance, and the surface layer W3a provided on the surface side of the solid metal W3 that contacts the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6. And a cooling part W3b attached to the surface layer part W3a from the opposite side to the mold 6 in the surface layer part W3a.

  Similar to the first embodiment, the surface layer portion W3a is made of a material having a melting point lower than that of the mold 6, such as aluminum, and is a portion that contacts the mold 6 when the solid metal W3 is supplied. It is.

  The cooling unit W3b is made of a material having a melting point higher than the temperature of the mold 6, such as copper, as in the solid metal main body W2b of the second embodiment, and a cooling medium such as water (not shown) Distribution is possible.

  That is, the solid metal W3 has a two-layer structure including a cooling part W3b made of copper or the like and a surface layer part W3a made of aluminum or the like.

  In such a casting apparatus 1C, the solid metal W3 supplied by the solid metal supply unit 11 comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 so as to match the shape of the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6, and heat is removed. And the cooling part W3b is cooled by the cooling medium. For this reason, it is possible to improve the temperature gradient and the solidification rate by promoting the heat removal from the surface layer portion W3a.

  Furthermore, the surface layer portion W3a in contact with the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 is melted, but the cooling portion W3b is not melted. Therefore, only the surface layer portion W3a that has melted in contact with the mold 6 can be replaced.

  According to the casting apparatus 1C of the present embodiment, the directional solidification can be performed while further improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate by the cooling part W3b of the solid metal W3. That is, it is possible to manufacture a moving blade or a stationary blade having increased mechanical strength while suppressing casting defects. Further, by making the solid metal W3 have a two-layer structure of the surface layer portion W3a and the cooling portion W3b, the solid metal W3 can be easily reused, and the cost can be reduced.

Next, a casting apparatus 1D according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 3rd embodiment from 1st embodiment, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
In this embodiment, the solid metal supply unit 21 is different from that of the first embodiment to the third embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 5, the solid metal supply unit 21 is provided with a pair at positions facing each other across the mold 6 along the inner peripheral surface 5 a of the cooling chamber 5.
Each solid metal supply unit 21 includes an inclined base 26 protruding from the inner peripheral surface 5 a toward the mold 6, a stock unit 24 prepared by stacking solid metals W <b> 1 and supplying the inclined base 26, and the mold 6. And a stopper 25 that opens in conjunction with the movement into the cooling chamber 5 and that can supply the solid metal W1 on the stock portion 24 toward the inner peripheral side when opened.

  The inclined base 26 projects from the inner peripheral surface 5a of the cooling chamber 5 toward the mold 6 below the heat insulating partition plate 4, and the upper surface is inclined downward from above toward the inner peripheral side from the outer peripheral side of the cooling chamber 5. It is the member made into the inclined surface.

  The stock unit 24 is prepared by laminating a solid metal W1 outside the vacuum chamber 2, and can supply the solid metal W1 onto the inclined table 26 through a supply hole 27 that communicates the inside and outside of the vacuum chamber 2. It is said.

  The stopper 25 is located at the position between the solid metal W1 and the mold 6 in the heat insulating partition plate 4 projecting from the inner peripheral surface 2a of the vacuum chamber 2 toward the inner peripheral side above the inclined base 26. It is a member that protrudes downward from the partition plate 4. That is, the stopper 25 prevents the solid metal W1 from sliding down on the inclined table 26.

  In such a casting apparatus 1D, the stopper 25 moves in conjunction with the lowering of the mold 6. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, a gap is formed between the heat insulating partition plate 4 and the inclined base 26 so that exactly one solid metal W1 can pass therethrough. For this reason, among the solid metals W1 prepared by being stacked on the stock portion 24, the solid metal W1 located at the lowest position slides on the inclined table 26 by its own weight, and the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 is moved. Are placed on the cooling plate 9 while being in contact with each other and stacked one after another.

  The pair of solid metals W <b> 1 supplied from each solid metal supply unit 21 is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity and a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold 6. For this reason, when it contacts the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6, heat is removed from the molten alloy M in the mold 6 by a synergistic effect due to heat conduction and melting, and the temperature gradient and solidification rate of the alloy M are further improved. Is possible.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), when a predetermined amount of the solid metal W1 according to the arrangement position of the mold 6 is laminated, the solid metal W1 that has already been supplied is blocked and the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 is blocked. It becomes inaccessible state. However, as shown in FIG. 5C, when the mold 6 is further lowered, the solid metal W1 already supplied and laminated is also lowered, and the next solid metal W1 comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6. Laminated.

  By repeating such an operation, after the pair of solid metals W1 supplied through the tilting table 26 comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 and deheats, the next pair of molds 6 is further lowered and the next pair of solid metals W1 is removed. Solid metal W1 is supplied and heat removal is performed. That is, the pair of solid metals W1 are sequentially supplied upward toward the side opposite to the moving direction of the mold 6, and are stacked on the already-supplied solid metal W1 while being cooled. Directional solidification can be performed while further improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate by W1.

  According to the casting apparatus 1D of the present embodiment, as the mold 6 is lowered in the cooling chamber 5, the solid metal W1 can be sequentially supplied from the lower part to the upper part of the mold 6 by the inclined base 26 to perform heat removal. Therefore, it becomes possible to perform directional solidification while further improving the temperature gradient and solidification rate with a simple configuration, and as a result, the moving blade or stationary blade with increased mechanical strength can be reduced in casting defects. However, it can be manufactured.

  In addition, as solid metal W1 of this embodiment, you may use any solid metal W2, W3 in 1st embodiment to 3rd embodiment.

Next, a casting apparatus 1E according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 4th embodiment from 1st embodiment, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
In the present embodiment, the solid metal W5 and the solid metal supply unit 51 are different from those in the first to fourth embodiments.
Further, the casting apparatus 1E of the present embodiment further includes a gas cooling device (cooling means) 57 that ejects an inert gas.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the solid metal W5 has a spherical shape and is made of a metal material having a high heat transfer coefficient and a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold 6 like the solid metal W1 in the first embodiment. .

  The solid metal supply unit 51 is provided with a pair at positions facing each other across the mold 6 along the inner peripheral surface 5 a inside the cooling chamber 5. Each solid metal supply part 51 is supported by a stock part 54 for accumulating and preparing the solid metal W5, and a surface facing the lower side of the heat insulating partition plate 4 above the stock part 54, and the solid metal W5 is cast as a mold. 6 and a jetting part 56 that jets and feeds toward the outer peripheral surface 6c.

  The stock portion 54 is provided to extend in the vertical direction along the inner peripheral surface 5a of the cooling chamber 5, and accumulates and prepares a plurality of solid metals W5 therein.

  The ejection part 56 is fixed to a surface facing the lower side of the heat insulating partition plate 4 with the ejection port 56a directed to the mold 6, and the solid metal W5 of the stock part 54 is lowered by the pump or the like as the mold 6 is lowered. Is sucked out and ejected toward the mold 6.

  The gas cooling device 57 is disposed below the ejection portion 56 with the ejection port 57a facing the mold 6 and is solid with respect to the range covered with the solid metal W5 attached to the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6. An inert gas is blown from the outer peripheral side of the metal W5.

  In such a casting apparatus 1E, the spherical solid metal W5 is sucked from the stock part 54 and ejected from the ejection part 56 in conjunction with the operation of the drive rod 7, that is, the lowering of the mold 6, and the outer periphery of the mold 6 Supplied to the surface 6c. That is, the solid metal W5 is sequentially supplied to the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 in the direction opposite to the guide direction and comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 so that the fixed metal W5 is melted. .

  Then, the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 can be covered and cooled sequentially in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface of the mold while adhering upward. Accordingly, the directional solidification of the alloy M inside the mold 6 is performed while improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate by the spherical solid metal W5, thereby suppressing the occurrence of casting defects.

  Furthermore, since the solid metal W5 already adhered to the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 can be cooled by the gas cooling device 57, the temperature gradient and the solidification rate can be further improved, and the effect of suppressing the occurrence of casting defects can be improved.

  According to the casting apparatus 1E of this embodiment, as the mold 6 descends in the cooling chamber 5, the solid metal W5 can be sequentially supplied from the lower part to the upper part of the mold 6 to perform heat removal. Further, the gas cooling device 57 can further improve the cooling effect, and the directional solidification can be performed while improving the temperature gradient and the solidification speed with a simple configuration. As a result, it is possible to manufacture a moving blade or stationary blade having increased mechanical strength while suppressing casting defects.

Next, a casting apparatus 1F according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 5th embodiment from 1st embodiment, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
In the present embodiment, the casting apparatus 1D of the fourth embodiment is a basic configuration, and instead of the solid metal W1 of the fourth embodiment, a solid metal W5 of the fifth embodiment is provided.
Further, the casting apparatus 1F of the present embodiment further includes a gas cooling device (cooling means) 67 as in the fifth embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the solid metal W <b> 5 is formed of a metal material having a spherical shape, a high heat transfer coefficient, and a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold 6, as in the fifth embodiment.

  The gas cooling device (cooling means) 67 is disposed below the inclined base 26 with the jet outlet 67a directed to the mold 6, and the solid metal W5 adheres to and covers the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6. Inert gas is blown from the outer peripheral side of the solid metal W5 to the range.

  In such a casting apparatus 1F, the stopper 25 moves in conjunction with the lowering of the mold 6. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, a gap through which the spherical solid metal W5 can pass is formed between the stopper 25 and the inclined base 26. For this reason, the solid metal W5 prepared in the stock portion 24 slides and rolls on the inclined base 26 with its own weight from the lower solid metal W5, and is in contact with the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 As a result, they are stacked on the cooling plate 9.

  Since the solid metal W5 is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity and a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold 6, the solid metal W5 melts and adheres to the outer peripheral surface 6c when it contacts the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6. That is, by the synergistic effect of the latent heat at the time of melting and heat conduction, heat is removed from the molten alloy M in the mold 6, and the cooling rate of the alloy M is increased to improve the temperature gradient and the solidification rate. It becomes possible.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 7 (b), the solid metal W5 is slid one after another on the inclined base 26, and is supplied after being rolled, but is blocked by the already supplied solid metal W5, and the outer peripheral surface of the mold 6 6c cannot be contacted. Here, as shown in FIG. 7C, when the mold 6 is further lowered, the solid metal W5 already attached to the outer peripheral surface 6 c is also lowered together with the mold 6. Then, the solid metal W5 that has been blocked from contact with the outer peripheral surface 6c contacts and adheres to the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 and is stacked on the already supplied solid metal W5.

  By repeating such an operation, the solid metal W5 sequentially adheres toward the upper side opposite to the moving direction of the mold 6 and is stacked on the already supplied solid metal W5 while cooling. Therefore, it becomes possible to perform directional solidification while improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate by the solid metal W5.

  Furthermore, since the solid metal W5 already adhered to the outer peripheral surface 6c of the mold 6 can be cooled by the gas cooling device 67, the temperature gradient and the solidification rate can be further improved, and the effect of suppressing the occurrence of casting defects can be improved.

  According to the casting apparatus 1F of the present embodiment, as the mold 6 is lowered in the cooling chamber 5, the solid metal W5 is sequentially supplied from the lower part of the mold 6 to the upper part by the inclined base 26, and is attached to the heat removal. Can be done. Further, the gas cooling device 67 can further improve the cooling effect, and it is possible to perform directional solidification while improving the temperature gradient and the solidification rate with a simple configuration. As a result, a moving blade or stationary blade having increased mechanical strength can be produced while suppressing casting defects.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, some design changes can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention.
For example, the gas cooling devices 57 and 67 are applicable not only to the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment but also to the casting devices 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D of the first to fourth embodiments. Conversely, the gas cooling devices 57 and 67 may not be installed.

  Further, the casting apparatuses 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, and 1F of the present invention are not limited to use in the production of moving blades and stationary blades, but also in the production of other members that require high mechanical strength. Can be used.

  Furthermore, the plurality of solid metals W1, W2, and W3 do not have to have the same shape and size. For example, the cooling effect can be changed by changing the thickness of the solid metals W1, W2, and W3 in the vertical direction. is there.

  Further, since there is a possibility that molten solid metals W1, W2, W3, and W5 adhere to the cooling plate 9, the surface may be protected by coating.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1A ... Casting apparatus 2 ... Vacuum chamber 2a ... Inner peripheral surface 3 ... Heating chamber 3a ... Inner peripheral surface 4 ... Heat insulation partition plate 4a ... Opening part 5 ... Cooling chamber 5a ... Inner peripheral surface 5b ... Bottom part 6 ... Mold 6a ... Opening part 6b ... opening 6c ... outer peripheral surface 7 ... driving rod 8 ... heater 9 ... cooling plate 11 ... solid metal supply part 14 ... stock part 15 ... mounting plate 16 ... lift part 17 ... extrusion part M ... alloy W1 ... solid metal 1B ... Casting device W2 ... Solid metal W2a ... Surface layer portion W2b ... Solid metal body 1C ... Casting device W3 ... Solid metal W3a ... Surface layer portion W3b ... Cooling unit 1D ... Casting device 21 ... Solid metal supply unit 24 ... Stock part 25 ... Stopper 26 ... Inclined base 27 ... Supply hole 1E ... Casting device 51 ... Solid metal supply part 54 ... Stock part 56 ... Ejection part 56a ... Ejection port 57 ... Gas cooling device (cooling means) 57 a ... outlet W5 ... solid metal 1F ... casting device 67 ... gas cooling device (cooling means) 67a ... outlet

Claims (10)

A casting apparatus that guides a mold for holding molten metal inside a vacuum chamber from a heating chamber to a cooling chamber that is partitioned by the heating chamber and a heat insulating partition plate and is provided below the heating chamber to perform directional solidification. Because
The cooling chamber is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and at least the surface side in contact with the solid metal made of a metal material having a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold;
A solid metal supply unit for supplying the solid metal to the outer peripheral surface of the mold ,
A plurality of the solid metals are provided in a block shape,
A pair of the solid metal supply portions are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the mold so as to face each other with the mold interposed therebetween, and the solid metals are sequentially stacked upward as the mold is guided into the cooling chamber. A casting apparatus, wherein the casting apparatus is supplied so as to cover an outer peripheral surface of the mold . The solid metal, the surface side in contact with the mold, the casting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that has a shape along the outer shape of the template.   A casting apparatus that guides a mold for holding molten metal inside a vacuum chamber from a heating chamber to a cooling chamber that is partitioned by the heating chamber and a heat insulating partition plate and is provided below the heating chamber to perform directional solidification. Because
  The cooling chamber is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and at least the surface side in contact with the solid metal made of a metal material having a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold;
  A solid metal supply unit for supplying the solid metal to the outer peripheral surface of the mold,
  The casting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the solid metal that contacts the mold has a shape along the outer shape of the mold.   The solid metal is attached to the surface layer portion made of a metal material having a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold on the surface side in contact with the mold, and on the opposite side to the surface in contact with the mold of the surface layer portion. The casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a cooling unit that can be circulated. A casting apparatus that guides a mold for holding molten metal inside a vacuum chamber from a heating chamber to a cooling chamber that is partitioned by the heating chamber and a heat insulating partition plate and is provided below the heating chamber to perform directional solidification. Because
The cooling chamber is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and at least the surface side in contact with the solid metal made of a metal material having a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold;
A solid metal supply unit for supplying the solid metal to the outer peripheral surface of the mold,
The solid metal is attached to the surface layer portion made of a metal material having a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold on the surface side in contact with the mold, and on the opposite side to the surface in contact with the mold of the surface layer portion. And a cooling part which can be circulated . Each of the pair of solid metal supply units comprises a stock unit that is prepared by laminating a plurality of the solid metals,
A mounting plate disposed above the stock portion;
A lifting part for lifting the solid metal one by one from the stock part and placing it on the mounting plate;
The casting according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , further comprising: an extruding part that extrudes and supplies the solid metal on the mounting plate one by one toward the outer peripheral surface of the mold. apparatus. Each of the pair of the solid metal supply units includes an inclined table on which an inclined surface with an upper surface inclined downward from above toward the mold is formed;
A plurality of the solid metals are prepared by laminating, and a stock part for supplying the solid metals from the outer peripheral side onto the inclined table,
The solid metal is disposed between the plurality of solid metals and the mold of the stock part, and holds the solid metal in the stock part, and is released in conjunction with the movement of the mold into the cooling chamber. A casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , further comprising a stopper that is capable of moving on the inclined table by its own weight one by one toward the mold.   A casting apparatus that guides a mold for holding molten metal inside a vacuum chamber from a heating chamber to a cooling chamber that is partitioned by the heating chamber and a heat insulating partition plate and is provided below the heating chamber to perform directional solidification. Because
  The cooling chamber is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and at least the surface side in contact with the solid metal made of a metal material having a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold;
  A solid metal supply unit for supplying the solid metal to the outer peripheral surface of the mold,
  A plurality of the solid metals are provided in a spherical shape,
  A pair of the solid metal supply portions are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the mold so as to face each other with the mold interposed therebetween, and the solid metal is sequentially introduced into the cooling chamber as the mold is guided into the cooling chamber. Supply to cover the outer peripheral surface,
  Each of a pair of said solid metal supply part has the ejection part which ejects and supplies the said solid metal toward the outer peripheral surface of the said casting_mold | template, The casting apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.   A casting apparatus that guides a mold for holding molten metal inside a vacuum chamber from a heating chamber to a cooling chamber that is partitioned by the heating chamber and a heat insulating partition plate and is provided below the heating chamber to perform directional solidification. Because
  The cooling chamber is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and at least the surface side in contact with the solid metal made of a metal material having a melting point lower than the temperature of the mold;
  A solid metal supply unit for supplying the solid metal to the outer peripheral surface of the mold,
  A plurality of the solid metals are provided in a spherical shape,
  A pair of the solid metal supply portions are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the mold so as to face each other with the mold interposed therebetween, and the solid metal is sequentially introduced into the cooling chamber as the mold is guided into the cooling chamber. Supply to cover the outer peripheral surface,
  Each of the pair of the solid metal supply units includes an inclined table on which an inclined surface with an upper surface inclined downward from above toward the mold is formed;
  Preparing a plurality of the solid metals, and supplying the solid metal from the outer peripheral side onto the tilt table; and
  The solid metal is disposed between the plurality of solid metals and the mold of the stock part, and holds the solid metal in the stock part, and is released in conjunction with the movement of the mold into the cooling chamber. A casting apparatus comprising: a stopper capable of moving on the inclined table by its own weight toward the mold.   The casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a cooling unit that cools a range in which the solid metal covers the outer peripheral surface of the mold from the outer peripheral side of the solid metal.

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