JP5747268B2 - ステンレス鋼製プラント、機器類等の応力腐食割れ予防保全ないしは延命処理方法 - Google Patents
ステンレス鋼製プラント、機器類等の応力腐食割れ予防保全ないしは延命処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5747268B2 JP5747268B2 JP2009194787A JP2009194787A JP5747268B2 JP 5747268 B2 JP5747268 B2 JP 5747268B2 JP 2009194787 A JP2009194787 A JP 2009194787A JP 2009194787 A JP2009194787 A JP 2009194787A JP 5747268 B2 JP5747268 B2 JP 5747268B2
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010338 boric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011234 economic evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
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Description
また特許文献1は、SCCの発生を抑制する原子力プラント構造物の予防保全方法として、原子力プラント構造物の応力分布、強度分布のいずれか一方またはその両方を評価し、この評価に基づいて構造物のSCC対策が必要な領域を判定し、判定された領域の腐食環境に接する領域を除去することでSCC発生を予防保全する手法が提案され、その領域の除去を構造物の製作、現地据付け、運転開始後の検査のうち、いずれかの終了後に行うものである。
そして、SCCの亀裂発生までの時間と、損傷発生可能性指標との相関により、SCCの予防保全工法の候補として表面改質が摘出され、表面改質が有効であることが示されている。
また前述の通りSCC予防保全工法の候補として、表面改質が摘出され有効であることが開示されているが、表面改質についての具体的な手段等については全く開示されていない。
また、原子力発電プラントや化学プラントの反応塔や配管に使用されているステンレス鋼のSCCを解決するものとして、ステンレス鋼の表層部に対し、ホウ素又はホウ素とフッ素若しくはこれらと酸素とをイオン状で拡散浸透させることにより、含ホウ素又は含ホウ素とフッ素若しくはこれらとの酸素系被膜を形成させ、耐食性特にSCCを防止せしめる表面改質ステンレス鋼及び表面改質処理方法(特願2008−336144号)について提案した経緯がある。
(1)SUS304材のU字曲げ試験片(以下試験片はSUS304材を使用した)について、未処理の場合は2時間後に腐食割れの兆候が見られ、4時間経過後では明確な割れが確認できた(図7参照)。
(2)無機酸0.02〜1.0Wt%、ホウ酸0.02〜0.1Wt%、フッ化ナトリウム0.02〜0.1Wt%の混合水溶液からなる電解液(A電解液)を用いて電解処理を施した後、塩化マグネシウム溶液に1時間浸漬、再度引き上げて電解処理を施し、再び塩化マグネシウムに浸漬するという工程を繰り返し行った結果では、4時間後に若干の腐食割れが発生した(図8参照)。
(3)無機酸0.05〜2.0Wt%、ホウ酸0.1〜1.0Wt%フッ化ナトリウム0.1〜2.0Wt%混合水溶液からなる電解液(B電解液)を用いて、上記(2)と同様の処理を繰り返した。9時間経過後において、ほとんど割れは発生しなかった(図9参照)。
(4)無機酸0.05〜2.0Wt%、ホウ酸1.5〜2.5Wt%の電解液(C電解液)により、上記(2)と同様の処理を行った結果ではSCCは全く発生しなかった。
また、配管の外側については電極にモップを被せ上記電解液を浸した状態で、配管の周囲を摺動させることで表面改質処理を施した。
電解処理前後のSUS304機器類の不動態化度を上述のステンチェッカーを用いて測定したところ、図3、図4に示すように電解処理前は電位0.34V、保持時間12秒(0.2V以上)程度であったものが、電解処理後は電位0.45V、保持時間34秒(0.2V以上)と不動態被膜が形成されていることが分かった。
Claims (1)
- 機械的あるいは熱的応力に伴って応力腐食割れが発生する箇所に対し、少なくとも年1回実施される定期検査時や非定期検査時にステンレス鋼の表層部に対し、ホウ素又はホウ素とフッ素若しくはこれらと酸素とをイオン状で拡散、浸透させることにより、含ホウ素又は含ホウ素とフッ素若しくはこれらの酸素系被膜を形成させる表面改質を施すステンレス鋼製プラント、機器類等の応力腐食割れの予防保全ないしは延命処理方法であって、ステンレス鋼を直流の陽極に又は交流の一極に、若しくは直流に交流を重ね合わせた交直重畳電流の陽極側に接続し、他の導電性対極との間にホウ酸水溶液単独又はホウ酸にフッ酸を加えた混合水溶液又は有機酸あるいは無機酸若しくはそれらの水溶性塩類にホウ酸又はホウ酸とフッ酸若しくはそのナトリウム、カリウム、アンモニウム塩の一種若しくは二種以上を配合添加した溶液を電解液とし、ステンレス鋼を電解処理することによりステンレス鋼表層部に含ホウ素又は含ホウ素とフッ素若しくはこれらの酸素系被膜層を形成させる表面改質を施すことを特徴とするステンレス鋼製プラント、機器類の応力腐食割れの予防保全ないしは延命処理方法。
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