JP5744551B2 - Electromagnetic generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electromagnetic generator that generates electric power by moving a permanent magnet and a solenoid coil relative to each other in the coil winding axis direction.

  An electromagnetic generator that generates electricity by moving a permanent magnet and a solenoid coil relative to each other in the coil winding axis direction is arranged such that the permanent magnet and the solenoid coil are opposed to each other with a space therebetween, and the relative relationship between the permanent magnet and the solenoid coil is It is designed to convert the kinetic energy generated by the simple movement into electrical energy induced in the coil.

  Here, an electromagnetic generator in which a permanent magnet is reciprocated by an external motion is known as an electromagnetic generator in which a repulsion magnet that repels a permanent magnet is arranged at a moving direction switching position in which the permanent magnet reciprocates. (See Patent Document 1).

JP 2010-200479 A

  However, in the above-described conventional technology, the repulsion magnet and the permanent magnet only have a function as a spring. For this reason, the magnetic flux density change of the magnet for repulsion is not utilized as electric power, but there exists a subject that an apparatus will enlarge to obtain required electric power.

  In addition, since the permanent magnet has a large relative movement range with respect to the coil, when the external motion is small, the coil and the permanent magnet are not arranged opposite to each other at the optimum position, and the generated electric power is generated with a small amount of magnetic flux linked to the coil. There is a problem of being small.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a small and efficient electromagnetic generator that generates large electric power even with a small external vibration.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, a first feature of the present invention is that a magnet assembly in which a plurality of permanent magnets are magnetized in the stacking direction and stacked so that the same polar surfaces face each other, and a magnet assembly A first solenoid coil located around the side surface of the magnet assembly, the magnet assembly being configured such that the relative position of the magnet assembly can be changed, And a holding portion for holding the magnet assembly so that the planar position where the two faces each other coincides with the center of the winding axis direction of the first solenoid coil at the stationary position, and the axial direction of the magnet assembly of the magnet assembly And a second solenoid coil facing at least one of the upper and lower end faces, and the holding portion includes a permanent magnet for the holding portion of the magnetic pole facing the magnet assembly and repelling the magnet assembly.

  According to such a feature, the magnetic flux density is the largest in the circumferential direction of the magnet at the plane position where the same polar surfaces of the plurality of permanent magnets magnetized in the stacking direction face each other at the stationary position. By making the center of the winding axis direction of the first solenoid coil coincide with the plane position, the magnetic flux linked to the first solenoid coil can be maximized. For this reason, even if the moving distance and speed of the permanent magnet are small, the first solenoid coil can obtain a large electric power. In addition, since the second solenoid coil facing the upper and lower end surfaces in the axial direction of the magnet assembly of the magnet assembly is provided, a voltage is induced in the second solenoid coil due to a change in the magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet for the holding portion due to repulsion. Thus, electric power applied to the first solenoid coil can be supplied. For this reason, a big electric power can be generated with a limited physique, and a generator can be reduced in size.

The gist of the second feature of the present invention is that the electromagnetic generator according to the first feature of the present invention is wound around a shaft concentric with the shaft of the permanent magnet for holding portion.
According to this feature, the change in magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet for holding part can be increased. From this, large electric power can be obtained.

A third feature of the present invention is the electromagnetic generator according to any one of the first and second features of the present invention, wherein the holding portion holds the magnet assembly in an axial direction. And a second solenoid coil on a surface of the at least one holding unit permanent magnet facing the magnet assembly.
According to this feature, the magnet assembly can be accurately aligned with the center of the winding axis direction of the solenoid coil.

A fourth feature of the present invention is the electromagnetic generator according to any one of the first to third features of the present invention, wherein the first air chamber is provided between the holding portion and one permanent magnet of the magnet assembly. The second air chamber is provided between the holding portion and the other permanent magnet of the magnet assembly, and the first air chamber and the second air chamber communicate with the atmosphere.
According to this feature, the flow of air in the air chamber accompanying the change in volume of the first and second air chambers due to the movement of the magnet assembly does not depend on the flow of air passing through a narrow passage on the outer periphery of the magnet assembly. Therefore, the vibration of the magnet assembly is less attenuated by the air flowing through the narrow passage, the response magnification at the time of resonance is increased, and the magnet assembly can move relative to the solenoid coil at a high speed. From this, large electric power can be obtained.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the electromagnetic generator according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, the holding unit is configured such that the first air chamber and the second air chamber communicate with the atmosphere. The gist is to provide a communication hole for the purpose.

A sixth feature of the present invention is the electromagnetic generator according to any one of the first to fifth features of the present invention, wherein the holding portion is a distance for changing a distance between the permanent magnet for the holding portion and the magnet assembly. The gist is to provide an adjustment mechanism.
According to such a feature, the repulsive force between the magnet assembly and the permanent magnet has a spring characteristic that varies exponentially with the distance away from the magnet assembly, so that it can be changed to a spring constant having a greatly different inclination by changing a small distance. For this reason, even if it moves a holding part slightly, a natural frequency can be changed a lot and a generator can be reduced in size.

A seventh feature of the present invention is summarized in that, in the electromagnetic generator according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the distance adjusting mechanism is a screw mechanism.
According to this feature, the natural frequency in the moving direction of the magnet assembly can be accurately adjusted to match the external vibration frequency.

  According to the present invention, an electromagnetic generator with large generated power can be formed even from a small external vibration, and the electromagnetic generator is small and efficient.

It is sectional drawing of the electromagnetic generator which concerns on this invention. 1 is a perspective view of an electromagnetic generator according to the present invention. It is a figure which shows magnetic flux density distribution of a magnet assembly. It is a figure which shows the spring characteristic of a magnet assembly and a holding magnet. It is sectional drawing of the modification 1 of the electromagnetic generator which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the modification 2 of the electromagnetic generator which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view of the modification 3 of the electromagnetic generator which concerns on this invention.

Example 1
Hereinafter, an embodiment of an electromagnetic generator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the electromagnetic generator 1 includes a magnet assembly 2, holding parts 3 and 4 that hold the magnet assembly 2 in the moving direction, a case 8 that holds the holding parts 3 and 4, and a magnet assembly And a first solenoid coil 7 that generates electric power by electromagnetic induction with the solid body 2.

  The holding portions 3 and 4 include holders 23 and 24, holding magnets 21 and 22, bobbins 27 and 28, and second solenoid coils 29 and 30. The holders 23 and 24 are formed with screws on the outer periphery, and have recesses for receiving the holding magnets 21 and 22 and grooves 25 and 26 into which tool tips such as a flathead screwdriver fit. The tool 23, 24 can be moved in the screw axis direction by the male screw and the female screw on the inner peripheral surface of the case. The holding magnets 21 and 22 are fixed to the holders 23 and 24 by bonding so that the surface of the magnet assembly 2 having the same polarity as the facing pole faces the magnet assembly 2. The bobbins 27 and 28 are fitted in the inner peripheral holes of the holding magnets 21 and 22 and fixed to the holders 23 and 24. The bobbins 27 and 28 extend to the magnet assembly 2 and have non-magnetic portions having enlarged diameter portions at the ends. It is formed by the body. Second solenoid coils 29 and 30 are wound around the body of the bobbins 27 and 28 in the circumferential direction.

  The unit magnets 11 and 12 have surfaces facing the holding magnets 21 and 22 magnetized as “S” poles and the other surfaces as “N” poles. Since the magnet assembly 2 has the same pole as the holding magnets 21 and 22, the magnet assembly 2 is repelled by the holding magnets 21 or 22 when the magnet assembly 2 approaches the holding magnets 21 or 22. Then, it moves in a direction away from the holding magnet 21 or 22.

  The case 8 is made of a nonmagnetic material, and preferably made of a nonconductive material such as a resin (PPS or the like). A groove for accommodating the first solenoid coil 7 is provided at the center of the body of the case 8. The axial center C1 of the case 8 of the groove in which the first solenoid coil 7 is accommodated is stationary when the magnet assembly 2 is separated from the holding magnets 21 and 22 by the magnetic force of the holding magnets 21 and 22 and there is no external vibration. In the state, it is almost coincident with the planar position C2 where the same polar surfaces face each other.

  The first solenoid coil 7 is configured to be wound in the circumferential direction in the central groove of the body portion of the case 8. Since the cylinder axial center C1 of the groove of the case 8 is substantially coincident with the plane C2 where the homopolar surfaces of the magnet assembly at rest are opposed to each other, the winding axial center of the first solenoid coil 7 is also the same. It coincides with C1 and substantially coincides with a planar position C2 where the same polar surfaces of the magnet assembly at rest face each other.

  In the electromagnetic generator 1 configured as described above, the case 8 is fixed to the electric motor or the like by the attachment portion 35, and when the electric motor or the like is rotated, the main body of the electric motor or the like vibrates due to unbalance of the rotating body or the like. Vibrates. Then, by rotating the holders 23 and 24 and adjusting the distance between the holding magnets 21 and 22 and the magnet assembly 2 so that the vibration frequency of the electric motor or the like and the magnet assembly 2 resonate, the magnet assembly 2. Resonates and vibrates. The magnet assembly 2 linearly reciprocates in the axial direction of the case 8 by vibration, and an induced electromotive force is generated in the first solenoid coil 7 on the outer peripheral side.

  With this configuration, the magnet assembly 2 has the highest magnetic flux density at the planar position where the unit magnets face each other as shown in FIG. 3, and the opposite planar position at which the magnetic flux density is the highest. And the center of the winding direction of the first solenoid coil 7 coincide with each other when stationary, and the first solenoid coil 7 moves relative to the magnet assembly 2 around the position where the magnetic flux density is the highest to induce the electromotive force. Is generated. Thus, a large induced electromotive force can be generated even with a small moving distance. FIG. 3 shows a unit magnet having an outer diameter of 4.2 mm, an inner diameter of 1.6 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm, in which an anisotropic magnet (including samarium and cobalt) magnetically oriented in the stacking direction is magnetized in the stacking direction. It is the figure of the magnetic flux density distribution which measured the magnetic flux density by moving the hall | hole element to the direction orthogonal to an axis | shaft and moving to a lamination direction of the magnet assembly laminated | stacked facing each other.

  The holding magnets 21 and 22 form a magnetic circuit in which the N pole and the S pole are closed through the inner peripheral holes, and the inner peripheral holes of the holding magnets 21 and 22 are formed when the magnet assembly 2 approaches or leaves. The magnetic flux density that passes through changes, and an induced electromotive force is generated in the second solenoid coils 29 and 30 wound around the bobbins 27 and 28.

  The coil terminal wires (not shown) of the second solenoid coils 29 and 30 are connected in series, and one coil terminal wire not connected in series is led out of the case 8 and connected to an external device such as a rectifier. The other coil terminal wire not connected in series is connected to one of the coil terminal wires (not shown) of the first solenoid coil 7, and the other coil terminal wire of the first solenoid coil 7 is led out of the case 8. Connected to an external device such as a rectifier. As a result, the first solenoid coil 7 and the second solenoid coils 29 and 30 are connected in series, and the total voltage of the generated voltages is output to an external device such as a rectifier. Note that only one of the second solenoid coils may be provided.

  Further, the distance between the holding magnets 21 and 22 and the magnet assembly 2 is such that the relationship between the distance and the load is such that the load changes exponentially with respect to the distance as shown in FIG. It is possible to set a spring constant with a significantly different slope by adjustment. From this, the natural frequency in the moving direction of the magnet assembly 2 can be changed to a wide frequency by a slight change in the distance, so that the thickness of the generator can be reduced. Further, since the distance can be finely adjusted by rotating the screw, the natural frequency in the moving direction of the magnet assembly 2 can be adjusted with high accuracy according to the external vibration frequency. It can move relative to the coil 7 at a high speed. Therefore, a large induced electromotive force can be generated. FIG. 4 shows a magnet in which an anisotropic neodymium magnet that is magnetically oriented in the stacking direction is magnetized in the stacking direction, and a magnet having an outer diameter of φ15 mm, an inner diameter of 3.2 mm, and a thickness of 3 mm is stacked with the same polar surfaces facing each other. It is a figure of the spring characteristic which measured the distance and load of the holding magnets 21 and 22 and the magnet assembly 2 by making the assembly and the same unit magnet face to face with the same polar face.

  In the electromagnetic generator 1 configured as described above, preferably, the air holes 5 and 6 formed between the magnet assembly 2, the holding portions 3 and 4, and the case 8 communicate with the atmosphere 31. 32 is provided in the case 8.

  With this configuration, when the magnet assembly 2 moves to one holding magnet side, the air chamber on one side whose volume decreases and the air chamber on the other side where the volume increases increase. Inflow and outflow of air can be performed from the communication hole. Therefore, the flow of air through a narrow passage formed between the outer peripheral surface of the magnet assembly 2 and the case 8 can be reduced, and the attenuation coefficient for attenuating the vibration of the magnet assembly 2 can be reduced. it can. The resonance response magnification Q of the magnet assembly 2 with respect to the input of external vibration is generally given by Q = 1 / 2ζ. In other words, since the maximum response at the time of resonance is the reciprocal of twice the attenuation ratio, the attenuation due to the air flowing in the narrow passage can be reduced, the resonance response magnification Q is increased, and the magnet assembly is much larger than the solenoid coil. You can move relative. Therefore, a large induced electromotive force can be generated. However, the communication holes 31 and 32 may be formed in the holders 23 and 24 without being in the case 8.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the electromagnetic generator shown in FIG. However, as shown in FIG. 2, the case 8 does not have to be cylindrical and may be polygonal. Accordingly, the holders 23 and 24 and the unit magnets 11 and 12 in FIG. 1 may not be a circular plate but may be a polygonal plate according to the shape of the case 8. When the unit magnets 11 and 12 are polygonal plates and the electromagnetic generator 1 has a polygonal column shape similar to that of the unit magnets 11 and 12, when a plurality of electromagnetic generators 1 are installed, it is wasted between the electromagnetic generators. It can be installed without creating a large space. Therefore, the power generation efficiency per electromagnetic generator installation range increases.

(Modification 1 of Example 1)
FIG. 5 shows a modification of the first embodiment.
The same components as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  The first embodiment and the first modification of the first embodiment are different in that the unit magnets 11 and 12 are fastened by a cross-recessed countersunk screw 14 and a nut 13 to form a magnet assembly 2.

  The holding magnets 21 and 22 are fixed to the holders 23 and 24 by bonding so that the surface of the magnet assembly 2 having the same polarity as the facing pole faces the magnet assembly 2.

  The unit magnets 11 and 12 are countersunk magnets each having a conical chamfer in one of the center hole and the hole. A cross-recessed flat head machine screw 14 and a nut 13 are fitted into the center holes of the unit magnets 11 and 12, and the cross-head countersunk machine screw 14 and the nut 13 are tightened to form the magnet assembly 2. Each of the unit magnets 11 and 12 has a surface facing the holding portion magnetized as an “S” pole and the other surface as an “N” pole. The surfaces of the repulsive unit magnets 11 and 12 can be easily integrated to form the magnet assembly 2.

(Modification 2 of Example 1)
FIG. 6 shows a second modification of the first embodiment.
The same components as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  The distance adjusting mechanism for adjusting the distance between the holding portions 3 and 4 of the holding portions 3 and 4 and the magnet assembly 2 is different between the first embodiment and the second modification of the first embodiment.

  The holding portions 3 and 4 include holders 23 and 24 and holding magnets 21 and 22. Further, the holders 3 and 4 are fastened by a through screw 41 from the distance adjusting mechanisms 23 and 24 from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the case 8. By loosening the tightening of the through screw 41, the holders 23 and 24 can move in the cylinder axis direction.

(Modification 3 of Example 1)
FIG. 7 shows a third modification of the second embodiment.
1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

  The first embodiment and the third modification of the first embodiment are different in that the case 8 includes a position confirmation unit 36 that can confirm the position of the magnet assembly 2. The position confirmation unit 36 has a structure in which the inside of the case 8 can be visually confirmed, and the distance adjusting mechanisms 23 and 24 can be moved in the axial direction of the case 8 while visually confirming the position of the magnet assembly 2. Further, when the position confirmation unit 36 is provided with a scale or the like, the position of the magnet assembly 2 can be confirmed more accurately, and the holding units 3 and 4 and the magnet assembly can be more accurately performed by the distance adjustment mechanisms 23 and 24. The distance of 2 can be adjusted.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electromagnetic generator 2 Magnet assembly 3, 4 Holding part 5, 6 Air chamber 7 1st solenoid coil 8 Case 11, 12 Unit magnet 13 Nut 14 Cross-recessed countersunk screw 21, 22 Holding magnet 23, 24 Holder 25, 26 Groove 27, 28 Bobbin 29, 30 Second solenoid coil 31, 32 Communication hole 35 Attaching part 36 Position confirmation part 41 Through screw

Claims (7)

A magnet assembly in which a plurality of permanent magnets are magnetized in the laminating direction and laminated so that the same polar surfaces face each other;
A first solenoid coil located around the side of the magnet assembly,
The magnet assembly is configured such that the relative position with the first solenoid coil can be changed,
A holding portion for holding the magnet assembly so that a planar position where the same polar surfaces of the magnet assembly face each other coincides with the center of the winding axis direction of the first solenoid coil at a stationary position ;
Before SL and a second solenoid coil to face at least one end face of the upper and lower axial magnet assembly,
The holding portion includes a permanent magnet for a holding portion of a magnetic pole facing the magnet assembly and repelling the magnet assembly ,
The first solenoid coil and the second solenoid coil are connected in series via a coil connection line,
The electromagnetic generator according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet for the holding portion is formed with a hole in an inner periphery . The electromagnetic generator according to claim 1, wherein the second solenoid coil is wound on a concentric shaft with the shaft of the permanent magnet for holding portion. The holding portion includes the permanent magnet for the holding portion above and below in the axial direction of the magnet assembly so as to sandwich the magnet assembly, and the magnet assembly of at least one of the permanent magnets for the holding portion is attached to the magnet assembly. electromagnetic power generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opposing surfaces provided with a second solenoid coil. A first air chamber is provided between the holding portion and one of the permanent magnets of the magnet assembly, and a second air chamber is provided between the holding portion and the other permanent magnet of the magnet assembly. Prepared,
The electromagnetic generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the first air chamber and the second air chamber communicate with the atmosphere. The electromagnetic generator according to claim 4 , wherein the holding portion includes a communication hole for allowing the first air chamber and the second air chamber to communicate with the atmosphere. The holding portion includes an electromagnetic generator according to any one of claims 1 5, characterized in that it comprises a distance adjusting mechanism for changing the distance between the magnet assembly and the permanent magnet holding portion. The electromagnetic generator according to claim 6 , wherein the distance adjusting mechanism is a screw mechanism.

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