JP5743150B2 - Non-aqueous secondary battery manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lithium ion secondary battery and other non-aqueous secondary batteries.

  The secondary battery includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and an electrolyte interposed between the two electrodes, and is charged and discharged by a conductive species (typically metal ions) in the electrolyte moving between the two electrodes. . A typical configuration of the negative electrode includes a configuration in which a negative electrode active material layer (negative electrode active material layer) is held by a negative electrode current collector. As a method for improving the performance (capacity, output, etc.) of the secondary battery, improvement and stabilization of the negative electrode performance are required. Patent document 1 is mentioned as technical literature regarding the negative electrode for secondary batteries.

JP 2002-279995 A

  Since the negative electrode active material layer repeatedly expands and contracts as the conductive species are occluded / released, it is necessary to sufficiently bind the active material particles and the active material particles to the current collector. Therefore, the negative electrode usually contains a thickener and a binder in addition to the negative electrode active material. However, when these additives are excessively attached to the surface of the negative electrode active material particles, the electrochemical reaction may be inhibited and the battery performance (output, capacity) may be reduced. On the other hand, when the amount of these additives is too small, a paste or slurry composition (negative electrode slurry) in which the negative electrode active material layer forming component is dispersed in a suitable solvent is applied to the current collector and dried. When the negative electrode active material layer is formed by the above, cracks or the like may occur in the dried negative electrode active material layer. When the drying rate is increased to improve productivity, the cracks and the like are more likely to occur. In addition, when the negative electrode is processed (for example, cut into a predetermined width), the negative electrode active material layer may be easily peeled off from the current collector. In particular, while ensuring a sufficient capacity, the distance between the current collector and the active material layer surface is shortened (that is, the thickness of the active material layer is reduced) to increase the efficiency of the electrochemical reaction. In order to enable the high input / output required for the above, it is required to realize sufficient binding properties while suppressing the amount of these additives used.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a secondary battery suitable for high power input (high rate charge / discharge) that allows a large current to flow at once.

According to the present invention, a method for manufacturing a non-aqueous secondary battery is provided. In this method, a negative electrode slurry containing a negative electrode active material, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) in a solvent is applied on a negative electrode current collector and dried to form a negative electrode active material layer. Is included. Here, the CMC has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 30 × 10 ⁴ or more and 40 × 10 ⁴ or less. The amount of CMC contained in the negative electrode active material layer is in the range of 0.6 to 0.8 mass% when the total mass of the negative electrode active material layer (after drying) is 100%. The negative electrode active material (typically in the form of particles) has a surface ratio of oxygen (O) and carbon (C) determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) on the surface thereof. (O / C value) is 1.0 or less (for example, 0.1 or more and 1.0 or less). Specifically, the O / C value is obtained by _calculating the peak areas of the C _1S and O _1S spectra obtained by analyzing the sample of the negative electrode active material particles with an XPS apparatus, and _calculating the C atomic concentration and the O atomic concentration. Each is calculated and obtained from the atomic concentration ratio (O atom concentration / C atom concentration) (unit:%).

  According to this method, since the negative electrode slurry (dispersion for forming the negative electrode active material layer) contains the CMC having the predetermined Mw at the predetermined ratio, it has good storage stability, coating property, and binding property (negative electrode collector). The binding property to the electric body) is realized in a well-balanced manner, and a thin negative electrode active material layer with little density unevenness can be efficiently formed on the negative electrode current collector. A secondary battery provided with such a negative electrode active material layer may have a lower internal resistance at a low temperature (for example, about −25 ° C.). When the solid content ratio (NV) of the negative electrode slurry is relatively high (for example, 50% by mass or more), it is particularly meaningful to adopt the above method. The amount of SBR contained in the negative electrode active material layer is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 0.9% by mass. As the negative electrode active material, a composite carbon material (typically particulate) having low crystalline carbon on the surface of high crystalline carbon particles can be preferably employed.

In a preferred embodiment, the negative electrode slurry is applied onto the negative electrode current collector with a basis weight of 4.0 mg / cm ² or less. According to this aspect, a negative electrode active material layer that is thinner and has less density unevenness can be formed. Such a negative electrode active material layer and a negative electrode including the active material layer are suitable as a constituent element of a secondary battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged at a high rate.

  In a preferred embodiment, the negative electrode slurry has an NV of 50% by mass or more. According to such an aspect, the drying step when forming the negative electrode active material layer can be more efficiently performed. According to the method disclosed herein, a thin negative electrode active material layer with less density unevenness can be formed more accurately even when such a high solid content negative electrode slurry is used.

  The present invention also provides a non-aqueous secondary battery (for example, a lithium ion secondary battery) constructed by any of the methods disclosed herein. Such a non-aqueous secondary battery can be excellent in performance such as high-rate charge / discharge characteristics.

  According to the present invention, there is further provided a vehicle including any non-aqueous secondary battery disclosed herein (which may be a non-aqueous secondary battery constructed by any method disclosed herein). Is done. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a vehicle (for example, an automobile) 1 including such a non-aqueous secondary battery (for example, a lithium ion secondary battery) 100 as a power source (typically, a driving power source of a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle). Is provided.

It is a perspective view which shows typically the external shape of the non-aqueous secondary battery (lithium ion secondary battery) which concerns on one Embodiment. It is the II-II sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is a side view which shows typically the vehicle (automobile) provided with the non-aqueous secondary battery (lithium ion secondary battery) of this invention.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described. Note that matters other than matters specifically mentioned in the present specification and necessary for the implementation of the present invention can be grasped as design matters of those skilled in the art based on the prior art in this field. The present invention can be carried out based on the contents disclosed in this specification and common technical knowledge in the field.

The technology disclosed herein can be applied to a secondary battery including a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material, CMC, and SBR.
As a negative electrode active material, the negative electrode active material used for a general lithium ion secondary battery can be used. A suitable negative electrode active material includes a composite carbon material having low crystalline carbon (which may be amorphous carbon) on the surface of highly crystalline carbon particles (hereinafter sometimes referred to as core particles). As the highly crystalline carbon particles, a particulate carbon material mainly having a graphite structure (layered structure) can be preferably used. Such a negative electrode active material is typically formed by mixing core particles and a coating material capable of forming an amorphous carbon film, and carbonizing the coating material attached to the surface of the core particles. can do.

As the core particles, various graphite materials (core materials) such as natural graphite and artificial graphite can be used. A graphite material mechanically processed (pulverized, spherically shaped, etc.) into particles (spherical) can be preferably used as the core material. The average particle diameter of the core particles is preferably about 6 μm to 20 μm (typically 6 μm to 15 μm). The specific surface area (before coating) is preferably about 5 to 15 m ² / g (typically 8 to 13 m ² / g). As a method of processing the core material into particles, a conventionally known method can be employed without any particular limitation. In this specification, “average particle size” means, unless otherwise specified, a particle size (50% volume) at an integrated value of 50% in a particle size distribution measured based on a particle size distribution measuring apparatus based on a laser scattering / diffraction method. average particle diameter; hereinafter shall mean also) be abbreviated as D _50..

  As the coating raw material, a material capable of forming a carbonaceous film can be appropriately selected and used depending on the amorphous carbon coating forming method employed. Examples of the coating formation method include a vapor phase method such as a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method in which a coating material in the gas phase is deposited on the surface of the core particles (graphite particles) in an inert gas atmosphere; A liquid phase method in which a solution diluted with a solvent is mixed with core particles and then the coating raw material is fired and carbonized in an inert gas atmosphere; after the core particles and the coating raw material are kneaded without using a solvent A conventionally known method such as a solid phase method of baking and carbonizing in an inert gas atmosphere can be appropriately employed.

  As a coating material for the CVD method, a compound (gas) that can be decomposed by heat, plasma, or the like to form a carbon film on the surface of the core particles can be used. Examples of such compounds include unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as ethylene, acetylene and propylene; saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as methane, ethane and propane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and naphthalene; Is mentioned. These compounds may be used alone or as a mixed gas of two or more. What is necessary is just to select suitably the temperature, pressure, time, etc. which perform a CVD process according to the kind of coating raw material to be used, and the desired coating amount.

  As the coating material for the liquid phase method, a compound that is soluble in various solvents and that can be thermally decomposed to form a carbon film on the surface of the core particles can be used. Preferable examples include pitches such as coal tar pitch, petroleum pitch, and wood tar pitch. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The firing temperature and time may be appropriately selected according to the type of coating raw material so that an amorphous carbon film is formed. Typically, the baking may be performed in the range of about 800 ° C. to 1600 ° C. (for example, about 800 ° C. to 1200 ° C.), for example, for about 5 to 20 hours.

  As the coating material of the solid phase method, one or more of the same materials as in the liquid phase method can be used. What is necessary is just to select suitably about the temperature and time of baking according to the kind etc. of a coating raw material, For example, it can be set as the range comparable as a liquid phase method.

  In any of the coat forming methods, various additives (for example, an additive effective for amorphous carbonization of the coat raw material) can be blended with the coat raw material as necessary.

The coating amount of amorphous carbon in the composite carbon material can be, for example, about 0.5 to 8% by mass (typically 2 to 8% by mass, preferably 3 to 6% by mass). If the coating amount is too small, there may be a case where the characteristic improvement effect (suppression of self-discharge, etc.) by coating amorphous carbon is not sufficiently exhibited. If the coating amount is too large, the irreversible capacity of the amorphous carbon increases, so that the battery capacity may tend to decrease.
The mixing ratio of the core particles and the coating raw material is appropriately selected according to the coating method to be applied so that the coating amount after appropriate post-treatment (such as removal of impurities and unreacted substances) is within the above range. That's fine.

  In the negative electrode active material in the technique disclosed herein, the value of the atomic ratio (O / C value) between oxygen (O) and carbon (C) determined by XPS analysis of the surface is 1.0 or less (typical) Is characterized by being 0.1 or more and 1.0 or less, for example 0.2 or more and 1.0 or less. When the O / C value is too large, the viscosity of the negative electrode slurry (viscosity immediately after preparation) tends to be high, and the viscosity of the negative electrode slurry after preparation tends to increase (thickening). You may use the negative electrode active material whose O / C value is less than 1.0 (for example, 0.25 or more and less than 1.0, or 0.5 or more and less than 1.0). This O / C value is obtained by, for example, adjusting the number of revolutions of the crusher when mechanically processing the core material or the composite carbon material into particles (spherical) (such as crushing and spherical molding). It can be adjusted by controlling the mechanical share of the composite carbon particles. This utilizes the phenomenon in which functional groups derived from oxygen and moisture in the atmosphere are taken in (bonded) to at least the surface of core particles (graphite particles) or composite carbon particles during mechanical processing (pulverization). Can be realized. For example, more functional groups (typically functional groups having O) are incorporated by performing the mechanical processing (pulverization) with a stronger force and / or a higher rotational speed (number of rotations). obtain. For the introduction of the functional group, it is particularly effective to use a crushing step of a coated core material. In the technique disclosed herein, in the aspect using the composite carbon material as the negative electrode active material, the core material or the coated core material (composite carbon) so that the O / C value of the negative electrode active material is 1.0 or less. A non-aqueous secondary battery manufacturing method including performing crushing is included.

The average particle diameter of the negative electrode active material may be, for example, about 6 to 15 μm. Moreover, the specific surface area of this active material may be about 3-5 m < ² > / g, for example. If the specific surface area is too small, a sufficient current density may not be obtained during charging and discharging. If the specific surface area is too large, the battery capacity may decrease due to an increase in irreversible capacity. As the specific surface area, a value (BET specific surface area) measured by a nitrogen adsorption method is adopted.

  The negative electrode active material may have an oil absorption of about 52 to 62 mL / 100 g as measured by the oil method according to JIS K 5101-13-2. The oil absorption amount can be an index indicating the affinity of the negative electrode active material for CMC. If the amount of oil absorption is too small, the viscosity of the negative electrode slurry becomes low and the storage stability tends to decrease (for example, it tends to settle). If the amount of oil absorption is too large, the viscosity of the negative electrode slurry may become too high, and the coatability and storability may tend to decrease (for example, the viscosity tends to increase), or the slurry has good coatability. The amount of CMC that can be used to adjust to viscosity may be reduced. Negative electrode slurries with little polymer thickening tend to exhibit significant dilatancy phenomenon due to the negative electrode active material (typically in particulate form) and tend to have low coatability (leveling properties, etc.). It is easy to cause etc.

  The oil absorption is measured according to JIS K 5101-13-2. Specifically, the amount of oil used per 100g of sample when the sample of the negative electrode active material to be measured and the boiled corn are kneaded with oil little by little and can be spirally wound using a spatula Ask for.

CMC (typically a sodium salt) is a derivative of cellulose and is typically used as a thickener for negative electrode slurries. One type of CMC may be used, or two or more types of CMC may be used in appropriate combination. Since CMC is a polymer having a hydroxyl group, it can also function as a dispersion stabilizer in the negative electrode slurry. In the preparation of the negative electrode slurry, the CMC added to the solvent can be in the form of a powder. Such an embodiment can be particularly preferably employed when the NV of the negative electrode slurry is set relatively high (typically 50% or more, for example, about 50% to 55%). The amount of CMC contained in the negative electrode active material layer is preferably about 0.6 to 0.8% by mass. If the amount of CMC is too large, the internal resistance (particularly, internal resistance at a low temperature (for example, −25 ° C.)) of the obtained secondary battery may be too high.
In the technology disclosed herein, a CMC having an Mw of 30 × 10 ⁴ or more and 40 × 10 ⁴ or less can be preferably used. In the present specification, unless otherwise specified, CMC Mw refers to a value measured by GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) -LALLS (Low-angle laser light scattering) method.

  SBR is a copolymer of styrene and butadiene, and is typically used as a binder for active material particles and conductive material particles. One type of SBR may be used, or two or more types of SBR may be used in appropriate combination. SBR in which monomers other than styrene and butadiene are copolymerized may be used. It is preferable that the total amount of styrene and butadiene occupy 50% by mass or more (typically 75% by mass or more, for example 90% by mass or more) of the total amount of monomers. In the preparation of the negative electrode slurry, the SBR can be used in the form of an aqueous emulsion (latex) in which the SBR is dispersed in an aqueous solvent (typically water). As the SBR of such an embodiment, SBR in which a carboxyl group is introduced into the polymer can be preferably employed. Alternatively, a monomer other than styrene and butadiene is not substantially copolymerized (the content of monomers other than styrene and butadiene is 5% by mass or less of the total amount of monomers, and further 1% by mass or less). Also good. The amount of SBR contained in the negative electrode active material layer is preferably about 0.5 to 0.9% by mass (for example, 0.5 to 0.8% by mass).

  The negative electrode active material layer is obtained by mixing these constituent materials with an aqueous solvent (typically water, which may be a mixed solvent containing a water-soluble organic solvent such as alcohol in addition to water). It can be formed by applying the slurry on the negative electrode current collector, drying and rolling. According to the technology disclosed herein, even when the NV of the negative electrode slurry is set relatively high (typically 50% or more, for example, about 50% to 55%), it is thin and has little density unevenness (preferably, The negative electrode active material layer can be efficiently formed. Further, since the amount of the solvent contained in the negative electrode slurry is smaller, the secondary battery can be constructed more efficiently (with high productivity) by shortening the drying time. A small amount of solvent (high NV) is also advantageous from the viewpoint of reducing energy costs for drying.

  The negative electrode slurry can be prepared, for example, by the following procedure. First, the negative electrode active material and CMC are dry mixed (dry mixing step). An amount of water (for example, ion-exchanged water) smaller than the final target NV is added to this dry mixture and kneaded to prepare a high-viscosity intermediate mixture (primary kneading step). Next, water (for example, ion-exchanged water) is further added to the high-viscosity intermediate mixture and kneaded to prepare a low-viscosity intermediate mixture (secondary kneading step). Thereafter, SBR is charged into the low-viscosity intermediate mixture, mixed and dispersed (binding agent charging / dispersing step). Then, the mixing container is depressurized to remove bubbles in the mixture to obtain a target negative electrode slurry.

  The negative electrode slurry may have a viscosity of about 500 to 1500 mPa · s. For example, about 600 to 1000 mPa · s is preferable. As the viscosity, a value measured by an E-type viscometer under the conditions of 20 rpm and 30 ° C. is adopted. If the viscosity is too high, the viscosity further increases over time, making it difficult to handle the slurry, and it becomes difficult to apply to the negative electrode current collector with a constant (high accuracy) basis weight. Sometimes. If the viscosity is too low, sedimentation occurs over time, resulting in a difference in viscosity between the upper and lower portions of the negative electrode slurry in the storage container, making it difficult to maintain a constant basis weight during coating. In addition, the negative electrode slurry may be difficult to bind to the negative electrode current collector.

  In a preferred embodiment, the negative electrode slurry has a viscosity of 3 days after the slurry prepared in the above numerical range is stored in a closed container at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50% for 3 days. Preservability that is within the numerical range (for example, initial viscosity (viscosity immediately after slurry preparation) and viscosity after 3 days are both in the range of 500 to 1500 mPa · s, preferably 600 to 1000 mPa · s). Can be shown. In addition, it is possible to show the storage stability of the soil where the change rate of the NV of the slurry collected from the lower part of the container is within 1.5% with respect to the NV of the slurry collected from the upper part of the container after 3 days.

The method for applying the negative electrode slurry onto the negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method can be appropriately employed. As a preferred method, a coating method using a slit die is exemplified. When the negative electrode slurry is applied to the negative electrode current collector, the coating amount on one side of the current collector can be 4 mg / cm ² or less. According to the technology disclosed herein, the NV of the negative electrode slurry is set to be relatively high (50% or more, for example, about 50% to 55%; typically 54%), and is as low as 4 mg / cm ² or less. Even if the weight per unit area is used, it is difficult to cause streaking or formation of lumps during coating, and it is possible to form a thin negative electrode active material layer with little density variation. The negative electrode active material layer density after drying and rolling can be, for example, 1.3 g / mL or less (typically 1.05 g / mL or more and 1.20 g / mL or less).

  When the negative electrode slurry is applied to the negative electrode current collector in the above weight per unit area, it will crack even when dried under conditions of a furnace length of 9 m, a temperature of 150 ° C., and a line speed of 30 m / min. And a negative electrode active material layer in which density variation is suppressed can be formed. The amount of water contained in the dried negative electrode active material layer thus formed may be 300 ppm or less. This water content can be measured by, for example, the Karl Fischer method.

  According to the present invention, a lithium ion secondary battery manufactured by any of the methods disclosed herein is provided.

  Hereinafter, this method will be described in detail with reference to an example of a lithium ion secondary battery 100 (FIG. 1) having a configuration in which an electrode body and a non-aqueous electrolyte are accommodated in a rectangular battery case. The technology is not limited to such an embodiment. That is, the shape of the lithium ion secondary battery obtained by the method disclosed herein is not particularly limited, and the battery case, electrode body, etc. are appropriately selected in terms of material, shape, size, etc. according to the application and capacity. can do. For example, the battery case may have a rectangular parallelepiped shape, a flat shape, a cylindrical shape, or the like. In addition, in the following drawings, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member and site | part which show | plays the same effect | action, and the overlapping description may be abbreviate | omitted or simplified. In addition, the dimensional relationships (length, width, thickness, etc.) in each drawing do not reflect actual dimensional relationships.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lithium ion secondary battery 100 includes a wound electrode body 20 together with an electrolytic solution 90 and an opening of a flat box-shaped battery case 10 corresponding to the shape of the electrode body 20. It can be constructed by being housed inside the portion 12 and closing the opening 12 of the case 10 with a lid 14. The lid body 14 is provided with a positive terminal 38 and a negative terminal 48 for external connection so that a part of the terminals protrudes to the surface side of the lid body 14.

As the supporting salt contained in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution, a lithium salt used as a supporting salt in a general lithium ion secondary battery can be appropriately selected and used. Examples of the lithium salt include LiPF ₆ , LiBF ₄ , LiClO ₄ , LiAsF ₆ , Li (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ N, LiCF ₃ SO _{3 and the} like. These supporting salts can be used alone or in combination of two or more. A particularly preferred example is LiPF ₆ . The nonaqueous electrolytic solution is preferably prepared so that the concentration of the supporting salt is within a range of 0.7 to 1.6 mol / L, for example.

  As said non-aqueous solvent, the organic solvent used for a general lithium ion secondary battery can be selected suitably, and can be used. Particularly preferred non-aqueous solvents include carbonates such as ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), and propylene carbonate (PC). These organic solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more. For example, a solvent in which EC, EMC, and DMC are mixed at an appropriate volume ratio can be used.

  The electrode body 20 includes a positive electrode sheet 30 in which a positive electrode active material layer 34 is formed on the surface of a long sheet-like positive electrode current collector 32, and a negative electrode active material layer on the surface of a long sheet-like negative electrode current collector 42. The negative electrode sheet 40 on which the electrode 44 is formed is rolled up with two long sheet-like separators 50, and the obtained wound body is crushed from the side surface and ablated to form a flat shape. ing.

  The positive electrode current collector 32 is exposed at one end portion along the longitudinal direction of the positive electrode sheet 30. That is, the positive electrode active material layer 34 is not formed at the end, or is removed after the formation. Similarly, the negative electrode current collector 42 is exposed at one end portion along the longitudinal direction of the wound negative electrode sheet 40. Then, the positive electrode terminal 38 is joined to the exposed end portion of the positive electrode current collector 32, and the negative electrode terminal 48 is joined to the exposed end portion of the negative electrode current collector 42, respectively. The positive electrode sheet 30 or the negative electrode sheet 40 is electrically connected. The positive and negative terminals 38 and 48 and the positive and negative current collectors 32 and 42 can be joined by, for example, ultrasonic welding, resistance welding, or the like.

  Moreover, the said negative electrode active material layer 44 can be preferably produced by the method mentioned above. As the negative electrode current collector 42, a conductive member made of a metal having good conductivity is preferably used. For example, copper or an alloy containing copper as a main component can be used. In addition, the shape of the negative electrode current collector 42 may vary depending on the shape of the lithium ion secondary battery and the like, and thus is not particularly limited, and may be various forms such as a rod shape, a plate shape, a sheet shape, a foil shape, and a mesh shape. possible. In the lithium ion secondary battery 100 including the wound electrode body 20 as in the present embodiment, a sheet-like copper negative electrode current collector 42 can be preferably used. In such an embodiment, for example, a copper sheet having a thickness of about 5 μm to 30 μm can be preferably used as the negative electrode current collector.

  The positive electrode active material layer 34 is made of, for example, a paste or a slurry composition (positive electrode slurry) in which a positive electrode active material is dispersed in a suitable solvent together with a conductive material, a binder (binder) and the like as necessary. It can preferably be prepared by applying to the current collector 32 and drying the composition.

As the positive electrode active material, a material capable of inserting and extracting lithium is used, and one or more of materials conventionally used in lithium ion secondary batteries (for example, an oxide having a layered structure or an oxide having a spinel structure) are used. It can be used without any particular limitation. Examples thereof include lithium-containing composite oxides such as lithium nickel composite oxides, lithium cobalt composite oxides, and lithium manganese composite oxides.
Here, the lithium nickel-based composite oxide is an oxide having lithium (Li) and nickel (Ni) as constituent metal elements, and at least one other metal element (that is, Li and nickel) in addition to lithium and nickel. An oxide containing a transition metal element other than Ni and / or a typical metal element) as a constituent metal element at a rate equivalent to or less than nickel in terms of the number of atoms (typically less than nickel) It means to include. Examples of the metal element other than Li and Ni include, for example, cobalt (Co), aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), vanadium (V), magnesium (Mg), and titanium (Ti ), Zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), gallium (Ga), indium (In), tin (Sn), lanthanum (La) And one or more metal elements selected from the group consisting of cerium (Ce). In addition, the same meaning is applied to the lithium cobalt complex oxide and the lithium manganese complex oxide.
Further, an olivine type lithium phosphate represented by the general formula LiMPO ₄ (M is at least one element of Co, Ni, Mn, and Fe; for example, LiFePO ₄ , LiMnPO ₄ ) is used as the positive electrode active material. Also good.
The amount of the positive electrode active material contained in the positive electrode slurry can be appropriately selected, and can be, for example, about 80 to 95% by mass.

  As the conductive material, a conductive powder material such as carbon powder or carbon fiber is preferably used. As the carbon powder, various carbon blacks such as acetylene black, furnace black, ketjen black, and graphite powder are preferable. A conductive material can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Examples of the binder (which may also function as a thickener for the positive electrode slurry) include a water-soluble polymer that dissolves in water, a polymer that disperses in water, and a polymer that dissolves in a non-aqueous solvent (organic solvent). It can be appropriately selected and used. Moreover, only 1 type may be used independently and 2 or more types may be used in combination.
Examples of the water-soluble polymer include carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), methylcellulose (MC), cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). It is done.
Examples of the water-dispersible polymer include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), and ethylene-tetra. Fluorine resin such as fluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), vinyl acetate copolymer, styrene butadiene block copolymer (SBR), acrylic acid-modified SBR resin (SBR latex), rubbers such as gum arabic, etc. It is done.
Examples of the polymer dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent (organic solvent) include, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polypropylene oxide (PPO), and polyethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer. (PEO-PPO) and the like.

  For the positive electrode current collector 32, a conductive member made of a metal having good conductivity is preferably used. For example, aluminum or an alloy containing aluminum as a main component can be used. The shape of the positive electrode current collector 32 may vary depending on the shape of the lithium ion secondary battery, and is not particularly limited, and may be various forms such as a rod shape, a plate shape, a sheet shape, a foil shape, and a mesh shape. . In the lithium ion secondary battery 100 including the wound electrode body 20 as in the present embodiment, a sheet-like aluminum positive electrode current collector 32 can be preferably used. In such an embodiment, for example, an aluminum sheet having a thickness of about 10 μm to 30 μm can be preferably used as the positive electrode current collector.

  The separator 50 is a sheet interposed between the positive electrode sheet 30 and the negative electrode sheet 40, and is disposed so as to be in contact with the positive electrode active material layer 34 of the positive electrode sheet 30 and the negative electrode active material layer 44 of the negative electrode sheet 40. The Then, prevention of short circuit due to the contact between the electrode active material layers 34 and 44 in the positive electrode sheet 30 and the negative electrode sheet 40, and the conduction path between the electrodes (conductive path) by impregnating the electrolyte in the pores of the separator 50. ). As this separator 50, a conventionally well-known thing can be especially used without a restriction | limiting. For example, a porous sheet made of resin (a microporous resin sheet) can be preferably used. A porous polyolefin resin sheet such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene is preferred. In particular, a PP / PE / PP three-layer sheet or a multilayer structure sheet in which a PE layer and a PP layer are laminated, a PE sheet, a PP sheet, or the like can be preferably used. The thickness of the separator is preferably set within a range of approximately 10 μm to 40 μm, for example.

  Several examples relating to the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not intended to be limited to those shown in the examples. In the following description, “parts” and “%” are based on mass unless otherwise specified. In all the following examples, powdery CMC was used as CMC (sodium salt).

<Example 1>
Natural graphite was crushed and spheroidized and sieved to prepare spherical natural graphite. The mixture containing spherical natural graphite and coal pitch was held at a temperature of 860 ° C. for 8 hours to obtain natural graphite (a composite carbon material containing 5% by mass of amorphous carbon) covered with a layer made of amorphous carbon. . This was crushed at a predetermined crushing speed using a pin mill type crushing apparatus, and then sieved to obtain a negative electrode active material (composite carbon particle) A1 having an average particle size shown in Table 1. . Table 1 shows the amount of oil absorption measured by the oil method according to JIS K 5101-13-2 for the negative electrode active material A1 (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as oil absorption amount). Further, Table 1 shows specific surface areas measured by a nitrogen adsorption method using a specific surface area measurement apparatus (manufactured by Mountaintech, model “Macsorb HM model-1208”). Table 1 shows the O / C value calculated from the XPS spectrum (measured using the model “PHI-5700” manufactured by ULVAC-PHI).

Negative electrode active material A1, CMC (sodium salt, Mw = 30 × 10 ⁴ ), and SBR, the total mass of which is 100%, the ratio of CMC is 0.7%, the ratio of SBR is 0.7%, and It is put into a stirrer (trade name “TK Hibismix” manufactured by Primix Co., Ltd.) together with ion-exchanged water so that NV becomes 54%, kneaded for 60 minutes at a stirring speed of 50 rpm, and an E-type viscometer Thus, a negative electrode slurry having a viscosity immediately after completion of kneading (rotation speed: 20 rpm, measurement temperature: 30 ° C .; hereinafter, sometimes referred to as initial viscosity) measured by 2 is 2540 mPa · s. This slurry was applied to each side of a 10 μm thick copper foil using a slit die under the conditions of a coating speed of 30 m / sec and a basis weight (each side) of 4 mg / cm ^2. It was dried by passing through a drying line at 150 ° C. and a line speed of 30 m / min. Thereafter, rolling was performed to obtain a negative electrode sheet having an active material layer density of 1.2 g / cm ³ .

<Example 2>
A slurry having a viscosity (initial viscosity) immediately after completion of kneading of 2070 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that CMC (sodium salt) having an Mw of 25 × 10 ⁴ was used. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

<Example 3>
The crushing rotation speed in the crushing step after forming the amorphous carbon layer was 4/5 (that is, 80%) at the time of manufacturing the negative electrode active material A1. About other points, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and obtained negative electrode active material A3 which has the average particle diameter shown in Table 1, an oil absorption, a specific surface area, and O / C value. A slurry having an initial viscosity of 1600 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the negative electrode active material A3 and CMC (sodium salt) having an Mw of 42 × 10 ⁴ were used. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

<Example 4>
A slurry having an initial viscosity of 950 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that CMC (sodium salt) having an Mw of 40 × 10 ⁴ was used. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

<Example 5>
A slurry having an initial viscosity of 760 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that CMC (sodium salt) having an Mw of 30 × 10 ⁴ was used. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

<Example 6>
A slurry having an initial viscosity of 620 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that CMC (sodium salt) having an Mw of 25 × 10 ⁴ was used. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

<Example 7>
The crushing rotation speed in the crushing process after forming the amorphous carbon layer was set to 3/5 rotation speed during the production of the negative electrode active material A1. About other points, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and obtained negative electrode active material A7 which has the average particle diameter shown in Table 1, an oil absorption, a specific surface area, and O / C value. A slurry with an initial viscosity of 830 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the negative electrode active material A7 and CMC (sodium salt) having an Mw of 40 × 10 ⁴ were used. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

<Example 8>
A slurry having an initial viscosity of 640 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that CMC (sodium salt) having an Mw of 30 × 10 ⁴ was used. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

<Example 9>
A slurry having an initial viscosity of 410 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that CMC (sodium salt) having an Mw of 25 × 10 ⁴ was used. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

<Example 10>
The crushing rotation speed in the crushing step after forming the amorphous carbon layer was set to a half rotation speed during the production of the negative electrode active material A1. About other points, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and obtained negative electrode active material A10 which has the average particle diameter shown in Table 1, an oil absorption, a specific surface area, and O / C value. A slurry having an initial viscosity of 750 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the negative electrode active material A10 and CMC (sodium salt) having an Mw of 40 × 10 ⁴ were used. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

<Example 11>
A slurry having an initial viscosity of 570 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10 except that CMC (sodium salt) having an Mw of 30 × 10 ⁴ was used. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

<Example 12>
A slurry having an initial viscosity of 360 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10 except that CMC (sodium salt) having an Mw of 25 × 10 ⁴ was used. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

<Example 13>
A slurry with an initial viscosity of 620 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the CMC amount was 0.6%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

<Example 14>
A slurry with an initial viscosity of 510 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the amount of CMC was 0.5%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

<Example 15>
A slurry with an initial viscosity of 520 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the CMC amount was 0.6%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

<Example 16>
A slurry with an initial viscosity of 440 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the amount of CMC was 0.5%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.

[Preservation evaluation]
(Sedimentation)
500 mL of the negative electrode slurry according to each example was stored in a sealed container for 3 days (72 hours) at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50%. Thereafter, a sample collected from the upper part of each negative electrode slurry (several mL of the slurry at the top of the container was collected taking care not to inhale air) and a sample collected from the lower part (from the slurry discharge port provided at the lower part of the container) Dozens of mL of slurry was discharged, and several mL of the slurry was collected.) NV was measured, and the rate of change of NV was calculated.
(Thickening)
The slurry after storage for 3 days was lightly stirred and then a sample was taken, and the viscosity after storage was measured under the same conditions as the measurement of the initial viscosity.
From these results, the storage stability of each negative electrode slurry was evaluated as follows.
Good: The viscosity after storage was in the range of 500 to 1000 mPa · s.
Thickening: The viscosity after storage was higher than 1500 mP · s (poor storage stability).
Sedimentation: The NV change rate of the upper and lower samples after storage was 1.5% or more (poor storage stability).

[Coating property evaluation]
When the negative electrode slurry was applied to the copper foil, when there was no variation in the basis weight (the basis weight of the obtained negative electrode sheet was determined in two points in the longitudinal direction of the negative electrode sheet (coating start and coating end)). In the case where the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among the six measured values was within the range of ± 0.1 mg / cm ² ), the coating property was measured. When the variation was recognized (when the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value was outside the above range), the coating property was evaluated as poor.

[Binding evaluation]
Using the commercially available slitter, the obtained negative electrode sheet | seat was cut | disconnected in two along the longitudinal direction of the negative electrode sheet | seat at the substantially width | variety center of the negative electrode active material layer. The cut portion is visually observed, and when the portion where the negative electrode active material layer is peeled (dropped off) from the current collector (copper foil) is not recognized, the binding property is good. It was evaluated as poor wearability.

  Table 1 shows the characteristics of the negative electrode active materials A1, A3, A7, and A10. Table 2 shows the results of the evaluation tests performed on each of the negative electrode slurries according to Examples 1 to 16 and the negative electrode sheet produced using the slurry.

As shown in Table 2, of the four types of negative electrode active materials having the same average particle diameter and specific surface area, the negative electrode active material A1 having an O / C value exceeding 1.0 Each of the negative electrode slurries still had a very high initial viscosity even when CMC having a relatively low Mw was used, and further thickening was observed upon storage, resulting in variations in the amount per unit area upon application. From these results, it was confirmed that the negative electrode slurry containing the negative electrode active material having an O / C value exceeding 1.0 of the negative electrode active material tends to be insufficient in both storage stability and coatability.
The negative electrode active material A3, A7 or A10 having an O / C value of 1.0 or less is used, and the CMC having a Mw in the range of 30 × 10 ⁴ to 40 × 10 ⁴ is at least about 0.6 to 0.7%. The negative electrode slurries of Examples 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, and 15 included in proportions were good in terms of storage stability, coating property, and binding property.
Even if the O / C value of the negative electrode active material is 1.0 or less, each of the negative electrode slurries of Examples 6, 9, and 12 using CMC having an Mw of less than 30 × 10 ⁴ , CMC having an Mw of more than 40 × 10 ⁴ And the negative electrode slurry of Examples 14 and 16 in which the ratio of CMC (Mw = 30 × 10 ⁴ to 40 × 10 ⁴ ) (based on solid content) is less than 0.6%. At least one of the preservability, coatability, and binding properties was insufficient.
From these results, a negative electrode active material having an O / C value of 1.0 or less and a CMC having an Mw in the range of 30 × 10 ⁴ to 40 × 10 ⁴ is at least about 0.6 to 0.7%. The negative electrode slurry contained in a proportion is excellent in storability (viscosity stability during storage) even if NV is relatively high (here, 54%), and the basis weight is constant even when thinly applied to a copper foil. It was confirmed that excellent coatability (with little variation depending on the location) was exhibited and sufficient binding property to the copper foil was realized.

Next, the negative electrode active material A3 having an O / C value of 1.0 or less is used, and CMC having a Mw in the range of 30 × 10 ⁴ to 40 × 10 ⁴ is included at a ratio of 0.6 to 1.0%. A negative electrode slurry was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as described above. Furthermore, the square battery containing the negative electrode sheet formed using these negative electrode slurries was constructed, and the low temperature performance of each battery was evaluated.

<Example 17>
A slurry with an initial viscosity of 1820 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the amount of CMC was 1.0%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used.
LiNi _1/3 Co _1/3 Mn _1/3 O ₂ (positive electrode active material), acetylene black (conductive material) and PVDF (binder) so that the mass ratio thereof becomes 87: 10: 3 The mixture was mixed and dispersed in NMP so that NV would be 50% to obtain a positive electrode slurry. The positive electrode slurry was applied to both sides of an aluminum foil (positive electrode current collector) having a thickness of 15 μm and dried, and then pressed to obtain a positive electrode sheet.
In a mixed solvent containing EC, EMC (sometimes referred to as MEC (methyl ethyl carbonate)) and DMC at a volume ratio of 3: 3: 4, LiPF ₆ has a concentration of 1 mol / L. A non-aqueous electrolyte was prepared by dissolving in
The positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet cut out to an appropriate size are overlapped and wound together with a separator (polypropylene / polyethylene / polypropylene three-layer sheet) impregnated with the electrolytic solution, and the obtained wound electrode body is flattened. And crushed into a square container. The electrolytic solution was poured into this container, and the container was sealed to construct a square battery having a capacity of 4 Ah.

<Example 18>
A slurry with an initial viscosity of 1400 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the amount of CMC was 0.9%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used. Using this negative electrode sheet, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

<Example 19>
A slurry with an initial viscosity of 1130 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the amount of CMC was 0.8%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used. Using this negative electrode sheet, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

<Example 20>
Using the negative electrode sheet of Example 4, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

<Example 21>
A slurry with an initial viscosity of 1290 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the amount of CMC was 1.0%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used. Using this negative electrode sheet, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

<Example 22>
A slurry with an initial viscosity of 1140 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the CMC amount was 0.9%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used. Using this negative electrode sheet, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

<Example 23>
A slurry with an initial viscosity of 920 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the CMC amount was 0.8%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used. Using this negative electrode sheet, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

<Example 24>
Using the negative electrode sheet of Example 5, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

[Battery conditioning]
Each battery of Examples 17 to 24 was charged with a constant current (CC) for 3 hours at a rate of 1/10 C, and then charged to 4.1 V at a rate of 1/3 C. The operation of discharging to 3.0 V at a rate was repeated three times. In addition, 1C points out the electric current value which can fully charge / discharge the said battery in 1 hour.

[Measurement of low-temperature IV resistance]
Each battery of Examples 17 to 24, in which the SOC (State of Charge; charge state) was adjusted to 30% after conditioning, was discharged at a temperature of -25 ° C. at a rate of 7.5 C (30 A in this case) for 10 seconds. The battery resistance (low temperature IV resistance) was calculated from the voltage drop at the time point. The results are shown in Table 3.

As shown in Table 3, even when the O / C value of the negative electrode active material and the Mw of CMC are in the preferred range, the negative electrode slurry having a CMC ratio of 0.9% or more has poor storage and coating properties. It has been found that the internal resistance at low temperatures may be as high as 35 mΩ or more. From these results, the negative electrode active material having an O / C value of 1.0 or less was used, and the CMC with Mw in the range of 30 × 10 ⁴ to 40 × 10 ^{4 was in} the range of 0.6 to 0.8%. According to the negative electrode slurry containing, a preferable negative electrode sheet as a constituent member of a non-aqueous secondary battery that not only achieves good storage stability, coating property, and binding property but also sufficiently suppresses internal resistance at low temperatures. It was confirmed that it could be realized.

Next, the coating conditions were adjusted so that the weight per unit area (each surface) of the negative electrode slurry of Example 19 prepared above was 3 mg / cm ^2, and other points were applied and dried in the same manner as in Example 1. Went. Then, the coating speed of the negative electrode slurry according to each of the above examples is 3.5 / 3 times (target basis weight 3.5 mg / cm ² ) and 4/3 times (target basis weight 4 mg / cm ² ), respectively. The actual weight per unit area was measured by coating and drying in the same manner after changing to 2/3 times (target weight per unit area: 4.2 mg / cm ² ). Then, for each target basis weight, the basis weight with respect to the viscosity of the negative electrode slurry is obtained by converting the difference in the basis weight (measured value) between the negative electrode slurries used into a value per 500 mPa of the viscosity difference between the negative electrode slurries. The sensitivity (viscosity dependence of the basis weight) was evaluated. Table 4 shows the obtained results.

As shown in Table 4, it was confirmed that the difference (sensitivity) of the basis weight with respect to the viscosity increases as the basis weight increases (the coating amount increases). In particular, it was found that when the basis weight exceeds 4.0 mg / cm ² , the influence of the difference in viscosity on the basis weight is remarkably increased. If the sensitivity is too large, the actual basis weight is likely to vary due to unintentional differences in the viscosity of the negative electrode slurry during use (coating) (which may occur due to differences in batches, differences in storage periods, etc.) Or inconveniences such as complicated adjustment of coating conditions may occur. Therefore, from the viewpoint of stably and efficiently producing a negative electrode sheet having a high basis weight, it is advantageous to set the basis weight to 4.0 mg / cm ² .

  Next, regarding the aspect in which the O / C value of the negative electrode active material, the Mw of CMC, and the amount of CMC are all set low (the aspect in which the binding property of the negative electrode slurry tends to be relatively low), the SBR amount is bound. The effect on sex was evaluated.

<Example 25>
A slurry was prepared in the same manner as in Example 15 except that the SBR amount was 0.4%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used. Using this negative electrode sheet, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

<Example 26>
A slurry was prepared in the same manner as in Example 15 except that the SBR amount was 0.5%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used. Using this negative electrode sheet, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

<Example 27>
A slurry was prepared in the same manner as in Example 15 except that the SBR amount was 0.75%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used. Using this negative electrode sheet, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

<Example 28>
A slurry was prepared in the same manner as in Example 15 except that the SBR amount was 0.9%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used. Using this negative electrode sheet, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

<Example 29>
A slurry was prepared in the same manner as in Example 15 except that the SBR amount was 1%. A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this negative electrode slurry was used. Using this negative electrode sheet, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.
The initial viscosity of the negative electrode slurry according to Examples 25 to 29 was almost the same as the initial viscosity of the negative electrode slurry of Example 15.

  About each negative electrode sheet and square battery obtained by Examples 25-29, the said binding evaluation and low-temperature IV resistance measurement were performed. The obtained results are shown in Table 5 together with the binding evaluation results relating to the corresponding negative electrode slurry.

  As shown in Table 5, in this embodiment, poor binding of the negative electrode active material layer was observed in Example 25 in which the SBR amount was less than 0.5% (more specifically, 0.4%). Further, in Example 29 in which the SBR amount exceeded 0.9%, the binding property of the negative electrode active material layer was sufficient, but the internal resistance at room temperature exceeded 40 mΩ. From these results, in this embodiment, by setting the SBR amount to about 0.5 to 0.9%, the O / C value of the negative electrode active material, the Mw of CMC, and the CMC amount are all set relatively low. Even in this case, it has been confirmed that a battery that exhibits good binding properties and has an internal resistance at room temperature of 40 mΩ or less can be realized. Furthermore, it was confirmed that by setting the SBR amount to about 0.5 to 0.8%, a higher-performance battery in which the internal resistance at room temperature is suppressed to 35 mΩ or less can be realized.

  Next, with respect to an aspect in which the OMC value of the negative electrode active material and the Mw of CMC are set low and the CMC amount and the SBR amount are set relatively high, the active material layer density of the negative electrode sheet after drying and rolling is different. The battery performance (high rate charge / discharge cycle characteristics) was evaluated. The active material layer density was adjusted by varying the gap between the upper and lower press rolls during rolling.

<Example 30>
A slurry with an initial viscosity of 920 mPa · s was obtained in the same manner as in Example 15 except that the CMC amount was 0.8% and the SBR amount was 0.9%. Using this negative electrode slurry, a negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the active material layer density was adjusted to 1.1 g / cm ³ . Using this negative electrode sheet, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

<Example 31>
A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the negative electrode slurry of Example 30 was used and the active material layer density was adjusted to 1.2 g / cm ³ . Using this negative electrode sheet, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

<Example 32>
A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the negative electrode slurry of Example 30 was used and the active material layer density was adjusted to 1.3 g / cm ³ . Using this negative electrode sheet, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

<Example 33>
A negative electrode sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the negative electrode slurry of Example 30 was used and the active material layer density was adjusted to 1.4 g / cm ³ . Using this negative electrode sheet, a square battery was constructed in the same manner as in Example 17.

[High rate charge / discharge cycle characteristics]
Each battery of Examples 30 to 33, in which the SOC was adjusted to 60% after conditioning, was discharged at a rate of 25 C (100 A) for 10 seconds at a temperature of 25 ° C., and the battery resistance (room temperature) was measured from the voltage drop measured after 10 seconds. (IV resistance) was calculated. Next, the SOC was adjusted again to 60%, and the charge / discharge cycle under the following conditions was repeated 1000 times, and the room temperature IV resistance was measured in the same manner at the end of the 1000 cycles. Percentage of room temperature IV resistance before the start of the difference between room temperature IV resistance (R ₁₀₀₀ ) after 1000 cycles and room temperature IV resistance (R ₀ ) before the start of the cycle test ((R ₁₀₀₀ −R ₀ ) / R ₀ × 100 (%)) Was calculated as the room temperature IV resistance increase rate (%) after the cycle test.
Charge / discharge cycle conditions:
Temperature: 0 ° C
Charging rate: 2.5C (10A)
Rest time after charging: 600 seconds Discharge rate: 25C (100A)
Rest time after discharge: 600 seconds

As shown in Table 6, in a mode in which the negative electrode active material O / C value and the Mw of CMC were set low, and the CMC amount and SBR amount were set high, the negative electrode slurry was applied to a copper foil and then dried and rolled. By making the active material layer density less than 1.4 g / cm ³ when forming the negative electrode sheet, it is possible to repeat discharge at an extremely high rate of 25C and charge at a relatively high rate of 2.5C, It was confirmed that the increase rate of the room temperature IV resistance can be suppressed to 10% or less.

  As mentioned above, although the specific example of this invention was demonstrated in detail, these are only illustrations and do not limit a claim. The technology described in the claims includes various modifications and changes of the specific examples illustrated above.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle 20 Winding electrode body 30 Positive electrode sheet 32 Positive electrode collector 34 Positive electrode active material layer 38 Positive electrode terminal 40 Negative electrode sheet 42 Negative electrode collector 44 Negative electrode active material layer 48 Negative electrode terminal 50 Separator 90 Non-aqueous electrolyte 100 Lithium ion two Secondary battery

Claims (5)

A method for producing a non-aqueous secondary battery comprising a negative electrode having a negative electrode active material layer on a negative electrode current collector,
Including providing a negative electrode slurry containing a negative electrode active material, carboxymethyl cellulose and styrene butadiene rubber in a solvent on a negative electrode current collector and drying to form a negative electrode active material layer;
Here, the carboxymethyl cellulose has a weight average molecular weight of 30 × 10 ⁴ or more and 40 × 10 ⁴ or less,
The amount of carboxymethylcellulose contained in the negative electrode active material layer is in the range of 0.6 to 0.8 mass%, and
The negative electrode active material is a composite carbon material having low crystalline carbon on the surface of highly crystalline carbon particles. The amount of oxygen (O) and the amount of carbon (C) required for the surface by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The method for producing a non-aqueous secondary battery in which the value of the atomic ratio (O / C value) is 0.1 to 1.0.   The method for producing a non-aqueous secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the amount of styrene-butadiene rubber contained in the negative electrode active material layer is in the range of 0.5 to 0.9 mass%. The negative electrode slurry is applied to the negative electrode current collector on the basis weight of 4.0 mg / cm ² or less, the non-aqueous secondary battery manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 2. The method for producing a nonaqueous secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the solid content of the negative electrode slurry is 50% by mass or more. The non-aqueous secondary battery manufactured by the method as described in any one of Claim 1 to 4 .

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