JP5737792B2 - 安定フリーラジカルの発色団及びそれらの混合物、それらを調製するプロセス、非線形光学材料、及び非線形光学用途におけるそれらの使用 - Google Patents
安定フリーラジカルの発色団及びそれらの混合物、それらを調製するプロセス、非線形光学材料、及び非線形光学用途におけるそれらの使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5737792B2 JP5737792B2 JP2013542134A JP2013542134A JP5737792B2 JP 5737792 B2 JP5737792 B2 JP 5737792B2 JP 2013542134 A JP2013542134 A JP 2013542134A JP 2013542134 A JP2013542134 A JP 2013542134A JP 5737792 B2 JP5737792 B2 JP 5737792B2
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- 125000003838 furazanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229940050410 gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002102 hyperpolarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002632 imidazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002636 imidazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003387 indolinyl group Chemical group N1(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003406 indolizinyl group Chemical group C=1(C=CN2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000904 isoindolyl group Chemical group C=1(NC=C2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002183 isoquinolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940049920 malate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- MNZMMCVIXORAQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-diol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 MNZMMCVIXORAQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004593 naphthyridinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CN=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001715 oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003551 oxepanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003566 oxetanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940014662 pantothenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004592 phthalazinyl group Chemical group C1(=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920005575 poly(amic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001042 pteridinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=NC=CN=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000561 purinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=C2N=CNC2=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003072 pyrazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002755 pyrazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006798 ring closing metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940086735 succinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005958 tetrahydrothienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004632 tetrahydrothiopyranyl group Chemical group S1C(CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005308 thiazepinyl group Chemical group S1N=C(C=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001583 thiepanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002053 thietanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005503 thioxanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003354 tissue distribution assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
- C07D241/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D241/38—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atoms
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- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/06—Peri-condensed systems
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- C07D487/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
- C07D487/14—Ortho-condensed systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/08—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of polarising materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
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- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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Description
本出願は、2010年11月30日出願の米国特許仮出願第61/418,136号の利益を主張する原通常特許出願(utility application)である。
[発明の背景]
[0001]ポリマーの電気光学(EO)材料は、フェーズドアレイレーダー、衛星及びファイバーテレコミュニケーション、ケーブルテレビジョン(CATV)、航空機及びミサイル誘導に応用するための光学的ジャイロスコープ、電子的計数測定(ECM)系、高速計算のためのバックプレーン相互連結装置、超高速アナログ−ディジタル変換、地雷検出、無線周波数フォトニクス、空間光変調及び全光学的(光スイッチング光)シグナル処理を含む広範囲のシステム及びデバイスにおけるコア的応用のための抜群の発展性を示してきた。
[0008]本発明は、一般的に、安定なラジカル構造を含む非線形光学発色団、それらを生成させる方法、そのような発色団を含有する非線形光学材料、及び電気光学デバイスにおけるそのような材料の使用に関する。
(式中、Dは有機電子供与基を表し;AはDの電子親和性を超える電子親和性を有する有機電子受容基を表し;及びΠはずれて縮合した、多環式の、場合によりヘテロ原子を含有するπ共役コアを表し;Aはコアの2原子の位置でコアに結合して、Aの少なくとも一部がコアに縮合した環を形成しており、DはAがコアに結合した2つの原子の位置以外のコアの2つの原子位置でコアに結合してDの少なくとも一部がコアに縮合した環を形成し;及び安定ラジカルは場合により1個又は複数のペンダントスペーサー基で置換されている)
を含む発色団組成物を含む。
(式中、各R及び各Accは独立して、本明細書において定義される通りである)
から選択される2種以上ラジカルの混合物を含む非線形光学発色団組成物を含む。
[0017]上述の概要並びに以下の発明を実施するための形態は、添付図面と組み合わせて読むとよりよく理解することができる。本発明の説明を助ける目的のために、例示とみなされる代表的実施形態を図面で示す。しかしながら、本発明は、示された詳細な配置及び手段に決して限定されないことは理解されるべきである。
[0023]本明細書中で使用する単数の用語「a」及び「the」は同義であり、言い回し及び/又は文脈が明確にそうでないことを指示していない限り、「1つ又は複数」及び「少なくとも1つ」と互換的に使用される。したがって、例えば、本明細書又は添付の特許請求の範囲における「a pendant spacer group」という言及は、単一のペンタントスペーサー基又は2つ以上のペンタントスペーサー基を指すことができる。それに加えて、全ての数値は、特に断らない限り、「約」という語により修飾されていると理解されるべきである。
(式中、Dは有機電子供与基を表し、AはDの電子親和性を超える電子親和性を有する有機電子受容基を表し、及びΠはずれて縮合した多環式の、場合によりヘテロ原子を含有するπ共役コアを表し、ここでAはコアの2原子の位置でコアに結合してAの少なくとも一部がコアと縮合した環を形成しており、DはAが結合した2原子の位置以外のコアの2原子の位置でDの少なくとも一部がコアに結合してコアと縮合した環を形成しており、安定ラジカルは1つ又は複数のペンダントスペーサー基で場合により置換されている)。
(式中、破線はAがコアと縮合した環を形成する2原子の位置を表し、各Accは独立に電子受容性部分を表し、Rはペンダントスペーサー基を表し、0<n<5である。各Accは、好ましくは独立にCN、NO2、及びSO2Rから選択された電子受容性部分を表す。最も好ましくは、各AccはNO2を表す)。
(式中、破線はDがコアと縮合した環を形成する2原子の位置を表し、各Rは独立にペンダントスペーサー基を表す)。
(式中、各Zは、独立にN、CH又はCRを表し、Rはペンダントスペーサー基を表し、各破線は独立に発色団内の他の原子に対する化学結合を表し、及びQはO、S、NH又はNRを表す)。
に関して説明し強調することができる。
(式中、R3は、C6〜C10アリール、C6〜C10ヘテロアリール、4〜10員複素環又はC6〜C10飽和環状基であり;上記の環状部分の1個又は2個の炭素原子が場合によりオキソ(=O)部分により置換されており;及び上記のR3基が1〜3個のR5基によって場合により置換されており;R1及びR2はR3の定義で提供された置換基のリスト、化学結合(−)、(CH2)t(C6〜C10アリール)又は(CH2)t(4〜10員複素環)から独立に選択され、tは0〜5の範囲の整数であり、及び上記のR1及びR2基は1〜3個のR5基により場合により置換されており;R4はR3の定義において提供された置換基のリスト、化学結合(−)、又は水素から独立に選択され;各Q1、Q2、及びQ4は、水素、ハロ、C1〜C10アルキル、C2〜C10アルケニル、C2〜C10アルキニル、ニトロ、トリフルオロメチル、トリフルオロメトキシ、アジド、−OR5、−NR6C(O)OR5、−NR6SO2R5、−SO2NR5R6、−NR6C(O)R5、−C(O)NR5R6、−NR5R6、−S(O)jR7(jは0〜2の範囲の整数である)、−NR5(CR6R7)tOR6、−(CH2)t(C6〜C10アリール)、−SO2(CH2)t(C6〜C10アリール)、−S(CH2)t(C6〜C10アリール)、−O(CH2)t(C6〜C10アリール)、−(CH2)t(4〜10員複素環)、及び−(CR6R7)mOR6(mは1〜5の整数、及びtは0〜5の整数である)から独立に選択されるが、但しR4が水素であるときQ4は利用できず;前記アルキル基は、O、S及び−N(R6)−前記アリールから選択される1又は2個のヘテロ部分を場合により含有し、及び複素環Q基はC6〜C10アリール基に、C5〜C8飽和環状基、又は4〜10員複素環基に場合により縮合しており;上記の複素環部分中の1又は2個の炭素原子がオキソ(=O)部分により場合により置換されており;及び上記のQ基のアルキル、アリール及び複素環部分がニトロ、トリフルオロメチル、トリフルオロメトキシ、アジド、−NR6SO2R5、−SO2NR5R6、−NR6C(O)R5、−C(O)NR5R6、−NR5R6、−(CR6R7)mOR6(mは1〜5の整数である)、−OR5及びR5の定義においてリストに挙げた置換基から独立に選択された1〜3個の置換基により場合により置換されており;各R5はH、C1〜C10アルキル、−(CH2)t(C6〜C10アリール)、及び−(CH2)t(4〜10員複素環)(tは0〜5の整数である)から独立に選択され;前記アルキル基は、O、S及び−N(R6)−前記アリールから選択された1又は2個のヘテロ部分を場合により含み、及び複素環R5基はC6〜C10アリール基、C5〜C8飽和した環状基、又は4〜10員複素環基と場合により縮合しており;及びHを除く上記のR5置換基は、ニトロ、トリフルオロメチル、トリフルオロメトキシ、アジド、−NR6C(O)R7、−C(O)NR6R7、−NR6R7、ヒドロキシ、C1〜C6アルキル、及びC1〜C6アルコキシから独立に選択された1〜3個の置換基により場合により置換されており;各R6及びR7は、独立にH又はC1〜C6アルキルであり;T、U及びVは各々C(炭素)、O(酸素)、N(窒素)、及びS(硫黄)から独立に選択されて、R3内に含まれ;T、U、及びVは互いに直接隣接し;及びWはR3中のT、U、又はVではない任意の非水素原子である)。
[0082]合成例1
[0087]Perkinamineファミリーにおける各スペーサー(R)基がシクロヘキシル基であるニトロキシルラジカル合成の第2の例は下に関係する。R−NH2がシクロヘキシルアミンを表すビス−2,6−ジシクロヘキシルアミノナフタレンは2,6−ジヒドロキシナフタレンとシクロヘキシルアミンとの反応により調製され、そこで合成例1に示した一般スキームの反応の残りが実施される。最終ステップを下に記載する。
の化合物0.200g(0.397mmol)を乾燥アセトニトリル9mL中の無水炭酸ナトリウム0.042g(0.397mmol)に加えた。これを5分間続けて攪拌した後、0.180g(0.727mmol)の塩化ピクリルを混合物に加えた。反応物を85℃に18時間加熱すると、その時点で、黒色沈殿が溶液から生成した。アセトニトリルを真空で除去し、黒色固体を50mLの水で洗浄してから濾過した。母液は緑黄色である。固体を20mLのジエチルエーテルで洗浄した。固体を収集して真空で乾燥し、0.207gの材料を得た。
Claims (20)
- コアが第1の架橋基π1をさらに含み、Dが結合している2原子の位置が第1の架橋基π1の一部である、請求項1に記載の発色団。
- コアが第2の架橋基π2をさらに含み、Aが結合している2原子の位置が第2の架橋基π2の一部である、請求項1に記載の発色団。
- コアが第2の架橋基π2をさらに含み、Aが結合している2原子の位置が第2の架橋基π2の一部である、請求項2に記載の発色団。
- 各Rがメシチル基を表す、請求項9に記載の発色団。
- 各Rが2−エチルヘキシル基を表す、請求項9に記載の発色団。
- 各Rがシクロヘキシル基を表す、請求項9に記載の発色団。
- 電子受容基が少なくとも1つのニトロ基を含む、請求項1に記載の非線形光学発色団。
- 電子受容基が少なくとも1つのニトロ基を含む、請求項7に記載の非線形光学発色団。
- 請求項1に記載の一般式(I)の安定ラジカルの2種以上の混合物を含む非線形光学発色団組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の発色団を含む電気光学、太陽光変換又は光起電デバイス。
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