JP5730669B2 - Composting device for compost spreader - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention provides a beater that mounts a cargo box that contains compost to be sprayed on a self-propelled or towed aircraft and sprays compost at a position behind the opening at the rear end of the cargo box. In a compost spreader that is constructed and provided with a compost post-feeding device configured to post-compost compost accommodated in the load box toward the spraying beater, compost post-installation installed in the load box It relates to improvements on the device.

  There are currently two types of compost feeders that are installed in the packing box of the compost spreader to send compost to the spraying beater provided behind the opening at the rear end of the packing box. There are things.

  As shown in the side view of (1) and the plan view of (2) in FIG. 1, one of them is the left and right side walls 20 of the packing box 2 in the packing box 2 mounted on the body 1. The sprocket wheels 30 and 31 are pivotally supported by a pair of front and rear opposed to each other at a height position along the floor plate 21, and an endless chain 32 is provided on the sprocket wheels 30 and 31 in a side view. The upper turning part is located above the floor board 21 and the lower turning part is placed under the floor board 21 so that the upper turning part is stretched around the endlessly. A conveyor bar 33 is suspended between the chain 32 and the chain 32 in parallel in the front-rear direction and assembled into a ladder-type floor conveyor 3. The floor conveyor 3 is assembled in the packing box 2. Mounted on the bottom, the rear sprocket wheel 31 is oiled By being driven by a hydraulic motor M that is operated by the hydraulic pressure guided by the hose h, the upper turning portion of the floor conveyor 3 rotates rearward along the upper surface of the floor plate 21, and the compost put into the packing box 2 Is directed toward the spreading beater 4 mounted on the opening at the rear end of the packing box 2 and is conveyed later.

  As shown in the side view of (1) in FIG. 2 and the plan view of (2), the other is the interior of the cargo box 2 mounted on the fuselage 1 as shown in FIG. A push plate 5 formed in the shape of a partition plate that crosses is arranged, placed on the upper surface of the floor plate 21 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and a guide member 5 a provided at the bottom of the push plate 5 is attached to the floor plate 21. The push plate 5 is slidably fitted into the provided guide groove G in the front-rear direction so that the push plate 5 is slid in the front-rear direction while maintaining a posture crossing the inside of the cargo box 2. The projecting end of the piston rod p of one cylinder c of the double-double-row hydraulic cylinder device C mounted on the front of the machine body 1 is connected to the front side of the machine body 1 and the other cylinder c ′. The projecting end of the piston rod p ′ is connected to the support member 10 provided at the front end of the body 1. By operating the hydraulic cylinder device C, the push plate 5 is pushed out from the front end position in the packing box 2 indicated by the chain line in FIG. 2 (1) to the rear end position in the packing box 2 indicated by the solid line in FIG. In this way, the compost put into the packing box 2 is pushed and sent to the spreading beater 4 installed at the opening on the rear end side of the packing box 2.

Each of these two types of compost feeders has the following problems.
(Problems of conveyor type compost feeder)
(1) Since the compost T on the front side tends to collapse forward, there is a problem that the feed amount before the end of spraying is reduced.
The whole of the compost T that has been put into the packing box 2 and accumulated on the floor conveyor 3 moves toward the rear of the packing box 2 by the operation of the floor conveyor 3, and the rear end of the moving compost T is Compost that is sequentially supplied to the spraying beater 4 provided at the opening on the rear end side of the packing box 2 and is moved backward by the floor conveyor 3 when the spraying beater 4 is rotated and sprayed onto the field. The upper layer portion of the front end side of T (the rear end side in the moving direction) collapses forward (backward in the moving direction) as shown by the arrow (A) in FIG. The accumulation height of the front end side (the rear end side in the moving direction) of the compost T that accumulates on the floor conveyor 3 and moves backward becomes lower, and the compost per unit area of the transport surface of the floor conveyor 3 Since the amount of T accumulation is reduced, the spread of compost T in the packing box 2 Feed amount for spraying beater 4 in the timing of the completion of this side, been decreasing as shown in (2) view of FIG. 3, there is a problem that the sparse dispersion density of compost by spraying beater 4.
(2) There is a risk that stones mixed in compost will scatter forward before the end of spraying, causing injury.
Stones or the like mixed in the compost T are suppressed by colliding with the compost T as shown in FIG. However, at the time before the composting operation of compost T ends, the accumulation height of compost T on the floor conveyor 3 decreases for the reason described in the above (1). As shown by the arrow (b) in FIG. 4 (2), stones and the like repelled by the beater 4 pass over the compost T on the floor conveyor 3 and scatter in front of the worker. There is a problem that causes a risk of injury.
(3) There is a problem in that the feed amount decreases due to the downward slope.
At the time of spraying work in the front-down state on an inclined land, the compost T, which is placed on the floor conveyor 3 and conveyed backward, tends to flow forward in the inclined direction as shown in FIG. 5 (1). Therefore, there is a problem that the amount of feed to the spraying beater 4 from the rear end of the compost T on the floor conveyor 3 is reduced, and the scattering density is reduced. In the push-type compost feeder, as shown in FIG. 5 (2), it is supported by a push plate and does not flow downward.

(Problems of push-type compost feeder)
(1) The problem that spraying does not start simultaneously with the operation of the compost feeder.
In the push-type compost feeder, the floor surface of the packing box 2 that supports the input compost T is fixed, and the entire compost on the fixed floor surface is pushed out by the push plate 5 on the floor surface. Since it is slid and sent to the compost spreading beater 4, when the push-out operation of the push plate 5 is started and the operation of the compost feed device is started, the time immediately after the start is shown in FIG. 6 (2). As shown, the first half of the compost T accumulated in the packing box 2 is compressed, and the second half does not move. Therefore, there is no supply of the compost T to the spraying beater 4, and no compost is sprayed. . Compost compression by the push-out of the push plate 5 advances until the push-out pressure by the push plate 5 pushes and moves the second half side of the compost T on the floor surface. Is done.
Accordingly, when the spraying operation is started by running the airframe 1 simultaneously with the operation of the push plate 5, since there is no spraying for a while, the spraying operation is started for a while after the compost feeder is operated. You have to wait.
In this respect, the conveyor-type feeding device is such that the floor surface of the packing box 2 is the conveying surface of the floor conveyor 3, so that when it is activated, as shown in FIG. Will be supplied and spraying will begin.
(2) The amount of compost sent to the spraying beater 4 increases with the upward slope. Further, without feeding operation, the compost slides back on the floor surface and is fed into the spraying beater 4.
When the machine body 1 is inclined upward, the conveyor-type compost feeding device is configured such that the floor surface of the packing box 2 is constituted by the conveyor surface of the floor conveyor 3. The resistance prevents the compost T from slipping backward due to the gravity, so there is no increase in the feed amount to the spraying beater 4, and if the feed operation of the compost feed device is stopped, ( 1) As shown in the figure, it stays at the position accumulated on the floor conveyor 3 and is not supplied to the spraying beater 4. However, in the push type feeding device, the floor surface is slippery, so the compost T is gravity. The amount of feed to the spraying beater 4 is increased. Even if the push-in operation of the push plate 5 is stopped, the compost T slides back due to gravity and is supplied to the spraying beater 4 as shown by an arrow (c) in FIG. Undesired spraying.
(3) A large tank is required due to the large amount of oil required for the hydraulic device for the feeding device.
In the conveyor type, the hydraulic device for operating the feeder is a hydraulic motor M that drives the chain 32 of the floor conveyor 3. As shown in the explanatory diagram of FIG. Since the same amount is required, the required amount of oil may be small and the tank may be small. However, in the push type, the piston p of the hydraulic cylinder c is pushed out to push out the push plate 5 as will be described with reference to FIG. Since the amount of oil returned from the cylinder c is small relative to the amount of oil fed into the cylinder c at the time, the required amount of oil is large, so a large tank is required.

  The problem to be solved in the present invention is that the problem occurring in the push type does not occur when trying to solve the problem occurring in the conveyor type feeding device by the combined use of the push type feeding device. In this way, a composite type feeding device in which a conveyor type feeding device and a push type feeding device are combined is configured.

As means for solving the above-described problems, in the present invention, an endless floor conveyor 3 that rotates along a floor surface of the cargo box 2 by a hydraulic motor M is placed in the cargo box 2 mounted on the body 1. Is stretched so that the transport surface side rotates on the upper surface side of the floor plate 21 and the return side rotates on the lower surface side of the floor plate 21, and on each inner side of the left and right side walls 20, 20 of the packing box 2. The strip-shaped side rails 8 are arranged in parallel to the floor plate 21 and are fixedly mounted on the inner surfaces of the left and right side walls 20, 20 at a portion located above the upper surface of the floor plate 21. Inside the packing box 2, a partition-plate-like push plate 5 that crosses the inside of the packing box 2 is provided so as to be movable back and forth in the packing box 2, and is connected and connected to the floor conveyor 3. Extrusion operation is performed, and the push plate 5 is pushed to the bottom of both left and right ends. And respectively provided with guide members 5a extending in the back side direction, each outer surface of the front side and the rear side thereof the guide member 5a, provided the slider R respectively, their sliders R, the side rails 8 The push plate 5 is moved back and forth while the sliders R on the front end side and the rear end side are fitted between the upper surface of the floor plate 21 and the side rails 8. as divided, it is to raise the composting Koso device in compost fertilizer spreaders you characterized in that so as to prevent floating and longitudinal tilt during movement of the push plate 5.

According to the means of the present invention,
A. The feed amount before the end of spraying does not decrease.
B. Stones etc. mixed in the compost do not scatter forward before the end of spraying.
C. Composting begins as soon as the feeder is activated.
D. The feed amount does not decrease due to the downward slope.
E. The feed rate increases with the upward slope, or the compost does not slide down without feeding operation.
F. The oil requirement for the hydraulic system for feed operation is small and no large tank is required.
The effect is also obtained.

It is explanatory drawing of a structure of a conveyor type compost spreader, (1) A figure is a vertical side view of a compost spreader same as the above, (2) FIG. 2 is a top view of a compost spreader same as the above. It is explanatory drawing of a structure of a push type compost spreader, (1) A figure is a vertical side view of a compost spreader same as the above, (2) FIG. 2 is a top view of a compost spreader same as the above. Of the problems occurring in the conveyor-type compost feeding device, (1) is an explanatory diagram, where (1) shows the front side of the compost deposited on the floor conveyor of the same compost spreader. A vertical side view showing the state of falling forward during movement due to the operation of (2), Fig. (2) is a vertical side view showing that the compost pile height of the compost spreader is decreasing just before the end of spraying. It is. It is explanatory drawing about the problem of (2) among problems same as the above, and (1) figure is a floor when stones etc. which are mixed in compost are thrown forward by a spraying beater during spraying work. Explanatory diagram showing a state that is suppressed by compost accumulated on the conveyor, (2) is a diagram showing a dangerous state where stones, etc. are scattered forward through the compost before the end of spraying FIG. It is explanatory drawing about the problem of (3) among the problems of a conveyor type compost feeder, (1) The figure has the tendency for the upper part of the compost on a floor conveyor to flow in the downward slope with the downward slope. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing that the push-type feeding device does not flow downwardly by being supported by the push plate. Of the problems that occur in the push-type compost feeder, (1) is an explanatory diagram of the problem (1). In the conveyor-type compost feeder, the feed operation causes the entire compost to move. Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing that spraying starts simultaneously with the start of the feed operation. (2) In the push-type compost feeder, the whole of the first half of the compost deposited on the floor is compressed. It is explanatory drawing of requiring time to start dispersion | spreading by becoming moving. Of the problems of the push type feeding device, (2) is an explanatory diagram. (1) In the conveyor type compost feeding device, due to the resistance of the conveying surface, the compost slips backward. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing that compost slides backward due to slippage of the floor surface in the conveyor type feeding device. Of the problems that occur in push-type compost feed, (3) is an explanatory diagram. (1) The figure shows the required amount of oil in a conveyor-type compost feed device because the hydraulic device is a hydraulic motor. Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing that the push-type compost feeder uses a hydraulic cylinder device, which requires a large amount of oil and requires a large oil tank. is there. It is a vertical side view of the compost feeder in the compost spreader which enforces this invention. It is a top view of a compost feeder same as the above. It is a side view of the state which incorporated the conduction mechanism of the compost feeder same as the above. It is a top view in the state where a push board operated about 1/3 of the device same as the above. It is the side view to which the principal part of the apparatus same as the above was expanded. It is a side view of the principal part of an apparatus same as the above. It is a front view of the principal part of the apparatus same as the above. It is explanatory drawing of the operation stroke of an apparatus same as the above.

  Next, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  9 to 13 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 9 is a longitudinal side view of the apparatus of the embodiment, FIG. 10 is a plan view of the same, and FIG. 11 is a drive mechanism for the operating portion of the apparatus. 12 is a plan view of the above, FIG. 13 is an enlarged side view of the connecting portion between the push plate and the floor conveyor, in which W is a compost spreader, 1 is the compost spreader W body 2, a cargo box mounted on the body 1, 3 a floor conveyor stretched on the floor surface of the cargo box 2, 4 a spraying beater provided at an opening on the rear end side of the cargo box 2 5 is a push plate provided inside the packing box 2 so as to be movable back and forth, M is a hydraulic motor for driving the floor conveyor 3, h is a hydraulic hose for guiding oil to the hydraulic motor M, and m is a spraying beater. 4 is a drive mission that drives 4, s is a conduction shaft that conducts power to the drive mission m 8 shows a side rail for guiding the push plate 5 provided in the lower portion of the side wall 20 inner surface of the left and right cargo box 2.

  The airframe 1 is a normal airframe that is equipped with a traveling wheel 10 and is configured as a vehicle body that travels and moves freely. The compost spreader W of this example is connected to a tractor (not shown) and the tractor is driven and driven. Since it is configured to be a towed type that is towed by the tractor, on the front end side, there is provided a coupler 11 for coupling to a coupling hitch that is mounted on the rear part of the tractor body.

  The packing box 2 is formed in a box shape to accommodate the compost and manure to be spread, and is mounted on the upper surface side of the airframe 1 with the left and right side walls 20 and 20 and the floor plate 21 and the front and rear wall plates. And, the rear wall is omitted and the opening is opened, and the opening on the rear side is a normal one facing the spraying beater 4 mounted on the rear end of the body 1, but in this example, The front wall is removed, the front side is opened as an open port, and the push plate 5 that can be moved back and forth in the packing box 2 can enter and exit to receive compost before starting the spraying operation. In some cases, the push plate 5 is located in the opening on the front side and functions as a front wall.

  The floor conveyor 3 is positioned at a height position along the floor plate 21 on the inner sides of the left and right side walls 20 and 20 of the packing box 2 and is wound around the sprocket wheels 30 and 31 that are pivotally supported on the airframe 1 in an endless manner. A normal ladder type comprising a pair of chains 32 and 32 on the left and right sides, and a belt-like conveyor bar 33 spanned between the pair of chains 32 and 32 on the left and right sides in the longitudinal direction of the chain. This is a floor conveyor, and the output shaft of the hydraulic motor M is connected to the shaft of the sprocket wheel 31 on the rear side, and is rotated by the operation of the hydraulic motor M. In the example, the transport surface side 3 a that is located above the upper surface of the floor plate 21 and supports the compost moves rearward and rotates approximately half a circuit until it is positioned on the return side of the lower surface of the floor plate 21. When it is moved, By turning the sprocket wheel 31 backward from the state position, the length of the substantially half circumference is rotated in the reverse direction so that the conveyance surface side 3a returns to the state located above the upper surface of the floor plate 21. The rotation operation is controlled.

  A spraying beater 4 installed at the rear end of the machine body 1 is a discharge arm 41 that scrapes and discharges the compost sequentially sent by the floor conveyor 3 on the peripheral surface of a vertical rotating shaft 40 that is pivotally supported by the machine body 1. Are rotated by being driven by a drive mechanism in a beater drive mission m assembled on the lower surface side of the support machine frame 42 that is pivotally supported on the lower end side of the rotary shaft 40.

  In this example, the conduction of the rotational power to the drive mission m is performed by the power transmission shaft s that is conductively connected to the PTO shaft provided on the vehicle body of the tractor that pulls the compost spreader W.

  The push plate 5 has a width that crosses the inner cavity of the cargo box 2 to the left and right, and is formed in a plate shape whose upper end protrudes upward from the left and right side walls 20 of the cargo box 2. Guide members 5a extending to the rear side in the push-out direction (the front side on the basis of the fuselage 1) are respectively provided. A slider R that contacts the upper surface is provided.

  The push plate 5 is provided with a left and right long connecting plate 70 which is bent in a substantially angle shape when viewed from the side, and is fixed to a lower portion of the front side (front side in the push-out direction) of the push plate 5. A bent portion 71 that bends to the front side (the rear side of the machine body 1) and protrudes like a shelf is selected as desired from a plurality of conveyor bars 33 that are arranged in parallel between the chains 32 and 32 of the floor conveyor 3. The belt is superposed on the upper surface of the conveyor bar 33 and closed by a connecting bolt 72 so as to be integrally connected to the conveyor bar 33. The push plate 5 is connected and connected to the floor conveyor 3 by the connecting member 7 including the connecting plate 70 and the connecting bolt 72 so that the floor conveyor 3 is operated by the hydraulic motor M. The push plate 5 is pulled by the chain 32 of the rotating floor conveyor 3 when the conveying surface is rotated so that the conveying surface side is moved rearward and the compost feeding operation supported on the conveying surface is performed. It moves backwards and pushes compost backwards.

  The side rail 8 is for preventing the above-described push plate 5 from floating and tilting back and forth when the push plate 5 is pulled and moved by the operation of the floor conveyor 3. In this example, the side rail 8 is a strip-shaped metal plate. Is bent into a shape having a substantially L-shaped side cross section, and the vertical plate portion 80 thereof becomes an attachment member for fixing and mounting to the inner side portions of the left and right side walls 20 of the packing box 2, and the horizontal plate The portion 81 is formed to be a rail that guides the slider R provided on the push plate 5. The side rails 8 are arranged so that the upper peripheral surfaces of the slider R provided at the bottoms on the left and right sides of the push plate 5 are in contact with the lower surface of the horizontal plate portion 81 serving as a guide rail, When the vertical plate 80 serving as the mounting member is fixedly mounted on the inside of the side wall 20 of the packing box 2, the push plate 5 moves back and forth in the packing box 2. The sliders R provided on the left and right sides of the push plate 5 are moved between the upper surface of the floor plate 21 and the lower surface of the side rail 8 so as to prevent the push plate 5 from tilting forward and backward. I have to.

  This embodiment apparatus is used as follows. When the spraying operation is started, as shown in FIG. 15B, the floor conveyor 3 is rotated so that the push plate 5 is positioned at the opening at the front end side of the cargo box 2, and the push is thereby performed. The compost T is put into the packing box 2 in the packing box 2 configured with the plate 5 as the front wall, as shown in FIG.

  When the composting is finished, the floor conveyor 3 and the spraying beater 4 are operated while the machine body 1 is traveling, and the floor conveyor 3 and the push plate 5 are moved as shown in (c) and (d) of FIG. The compost T is fed into the spraying beater 4 and sprayed.

  When the push plate 5 that moves rearward by the turning operation of the floor conveyor 3 reaches the rear end side of the packing box 2 and reaches the state of (e) and (f) in the figure, the floor conveyor 3 is The operation is stopped, and the compost application work in one packing box 2 is finished.

  In this embodiment, the compost deposited in the packing box 2 is transferred backward by the floor conveyor 3 while being pushed backward from the front side by the push plate 5, so that the compost is placed on the floor conveyor 3. Since the accumulated state keeps moving backward, the front side of the compost does not collapse forward and the feed amount to the spraying beater 4 is not reduced before the end of spraying. It will be possible to prevent the forward scattering of stones and the like at the time. Further, the spraying operation starts simultaneously with the operation of the floor conveyor 3.

  Moreover, since the compost in the packing box 2 accumulates on the conveyance surface of the floor conveyor 3 which is resistant to slipping and is supported by the push plate 5 from the front side, it is sent to the spraying beater 4 with a downward slope. The amount does not decrease, the feed rate increases due to the upward slope, and when the operation of the floor conveyor 3 is stopped and the feed operation is stopped, the compost slides backward and spreads. It is not supplied to the beater 4.

  The push plate 5 used in combination with the floor conveyor 3 as described above requires a large oil tank because the pushing operation is performed by the operation of the hydraulic motor M that drives the floor conveyor 3. Nor.

C Hydraulic cylinder device G Guide groove M Hydraulic motor R Slider T Compost W Compost spreader c c 'Cylinder g Guide rail h Hydraulic hose m Drive mission p p' Piston rod s Conduction shaft 1 Airframe 10 Traveling wheel 11 Coupler 12 Support member 2 Cargo box 20 Left and right side walls 21 Floor plate 3 Floor conveyor 3a Transport surface side 30/31 Sprocket wheel 32 Endless chain 33 Conveyor bar 4 Dispersion beater 40 Rotating shaft 41 Discharge arm 42 Support machine frame 5 Push plate 5a Guide member 6 Connecting plate 7 Connecting member 70 Connecting plate 71 Bending portion 72 Connecting bolt 8 Side rail 80 Vertical plate portion 81 Horizontal plate portion

Claims (1)

In the cargo box (2) mounted on the airframe (1), an endless floor conveyor (3) that is rotated along the floor surface of the cargo box (2) by a hydraulic motor (M) is disposed on the conveying surface side. The upper surface side of the floor board (21) is rotated, and the return side is stretched so that the lower surface side of the floor board (21) is rotated, and the left and right side walls (20), (20) of the packing box (2). Each side of the floor plate (21) is located above the upper surface of the floor plate (21), and a strip-like side rail (8) is arranged in parallel with the floor plate (21) to form left and right side walls (20).・ (20) Affixed to the inner surface, and inside the packing box (2) is a partition plate-like push plate (5) that crosses the inside of the packing box (2). And is connected to the floor conveyor (3) so as to be pushed out by the operation of the floor conveyor (3), and the push plate (5) Is the bottom of the left and right end portions, is provided a guide member extending to the rear side of the extrusion direction (5a), respectively, to each outer surface of the front side and the rear side thereof the guide member (5a), a slider provided (R), respectively, their sliders (R), tighten combined fit between said side rails (8) and floor plate (21) upper surface, push plate back and forth movement (5), the front side and the rear side Each of the sliders (R) is fitted between the upper surface of the floor plate (21) and the side rail (8) so that the push plate (5) can be lifted and tilted forward and backward. compost Koso device in compost fertilizer spreaders characterized in that so as to prevent.

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