JP5719081B1 - 風力発電団地の系統連系点電圧の制御システム及び方法 - Google Patents
風力発電団地の系統連系点電圧の制御システム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
- F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
- F03D7/048—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller controlling wind farms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
- F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
- F03D9/257—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor the wind motor being part of a wind farm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Abstract
Description
図1を参照すると、二重励磁誘導発電機(DFIG)は、ローター側のコンバーター(Rotor Side Converter、RSC)及び系統側のコンバーター(Grid Side Converter、GSC)を備える。
QWGi ref = (Pavg/PWGi)× Qref
kQi = (QWGi max − QWGi min)/w
(式中、kQiは変換利得を示し、QWGi maxは可用の無効電力の最大値を示し、QWGi minは可用の無効電力の最小値を示し、iは各風力発電機の番号を示し、wは第1の電圧誤差値に対して予め設定された許容範囲を示す。)
kQi = (QWGi max − QWGi min)/w
(式中、kQiは変換利得を示し、QWGi maxは可用の無効電力の最大値を示し、QWGi minは可用の無効電力の最小値を示し、iは各風力発電機の番号を示し、wは第1の電圧誤差値に対して予め設定された許容範囲を示す。)
また、風力発電機の制御装置200は、第2の演算部210を介して、発電機の基準電圧値uWGi ref及び補償基準電圧値ΔuWGi refの和から風力発電機の出力端の電圧値uWGiを差し引いて第2の電圧誤差値Δu2を算出し、補償制御部220を介して、第2の電圧誤差値Δu2に対応する無効電力の補償値Qrefを算出する。次に第3の演算部230を介して、算出された無効電力の補償値Qrefから風力発電機の現在の無効電力値QWGiを差し引いて無効電力の誤差値ΔQを算出し、第2の制御部240を介して、前記算出された無効電力の誤差値ΔQに基づいて無効電流の補償値Idr_refを算出するようになっている。
kQi = (QWGi max − QWGi min)/w
ここで、数式1の「i」は各風力発電機の順番を示し、kQiは変換利得を示し、QWGi maxは可用の無効電力の最大値を示し、QWGi minは可用の無効電力の最小値を示し、wは第1の電圧誤差値Δu1に対して予め設定された許容範囲を示す。
100 風力発電団地の制御装置
110 第1の演算部
120 第1の制御部
200 風力発電機の制御装置
210 第2の演算部
220 補償制御部
230 第3の演算部
240 第2の制御部
Claims (9)
- 複数の風力発電機を有する風力発電団地の系統連携点電圧を制御する方法において、
発電団地制御装置の第1の演算部が、連携点基準電圧値(uref)と実際の連携点電圧値(upcc)との間の差分である第1の電圧誤差値を計算するステップと、
発電団地制御装置の第1の制御部が、前記第1の電圧誤差値に基づいて補償基準電圧値を算出するステップと、
風力発電機の制御装置の第2の演算部が、発電機の基準電圧値及び前記補償基準電圧値の和から風力発電機の出力端の電圧値を差し引いて第2の電圧誤差値を算出するステップと、
風力発電機の制御装置の補償制御部が、前記第2の電圧誤差値に対応する無効電力の補償値を算出するステップと、
風力発電機の制御装置の第3の演算部が、前記無効電力の補償値から風力発電機の現在の無効電力値を差し引いて無効電力の誤差値を算出するステップと、
風力発電機の制御装置の第2の制御部が、前記無効電力の誤差値に基づいて無効電流の補償値を算出するステップと、
風力発電機のコンバーターが、前記無効電流の補償値に対応する無効電流を系統側に注入するステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする風力発電団地の系統連系点電圧の制御方法。 - 前記無効電流の補償値を算出するステップにおいては、
前記無効電力の誤差値を風力発電機の出力端の電圧値で除算することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の風力発電団地の系統連系点電圧の制御方法。 - 前記風力発電機の制御装置は、
複数の風力発電機ごとに別設されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の風力発電団地の系統連系点電圧の制御方法。 - 前記無効電力の補償値を算出するステップは、
前記風力発電機から前記系統側に注入される有効電力の値を測定するステップと、
前記風力発電機に対して予め格納された有効電力−無効電力のダイアグラムから、前記測定された有効電力値に対応する可用の無効電力の最大値及び可用の無効電力の最小値を取得するステップと、
前記可用の無効電力の最大値及び可用の無効電力の最小値を下記の数式1に代入して変換利得を算出するステップと、
前記第2の電圧誤差値に前記変換利得を乗算して前記無効電力の補償値を算出するステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の風力発電団地の系統連系点電圧の制御方法。
[数1]
kQi = (QWGi max − QWGi min)/w
(式中、kQiは変換利得を示し、QWGi maxは可用の無効電力の最大値を示し、QWGi minは可用の無効電力の最小値を示し、iは各風力発電機の番号を示し、wは第1の電圧誤差値に対して予め設定された許容範囲を示す。) - 前記風力発電機は、
二重励磁誘導発電機(DFIG)であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の風力発電団地の系統連系点電圧の制御方法。 - 前記風力発電機は、
永久磁石同期発電機であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の風力発電団地の系統連系点電圧の制御方法。 - 連携点基準電圧値(uref)と実際の連携点電圧値(upcc)との間の差分である第1の電圧誤差値を計算し、前記第1の電圧誤差値に基づいて補償基準電圧値を算出する風力発電団地の制御装置と、
風力発電機の基準電圧値及び前記補償基準電圧値の和から風力発電機の出力端の電圧値を差し引いて第2の電圧誤差値を算出し、前記第2の電圧誤差値に対応する無効電力の補償値を算出し、前記無効電力の補償値から風力発電機の現在の無効電力値を差し引いて無効電力の誤差値を算出し、前記無効電力の誤差値に基づいて無効電流の補償値を算出する複数の風力発電機の制御装置と、
前記無効電流の補償値に対応する無効電流を系統側に注入する複数の風力発電機と、
を備え、
前記複数の風力発電機の制御装置は、前記複数の風力発電機と一対一で接続されて各風力発電機をそれぞれ別々に制御することを特徴とする風力発電団地の系統連系点電圧の制御システム。 - 前記各風力発電機の制御装置は、
前記系統側に注入される有効電力の値を測定し、予め格納された有効電力−無効電力のダイアグラムから前記測定された有効電力値に対応する可用の無効電力の最大値及び可用の無効電力の最小値を取得し、前記可用の無効電力の最大値及び可用の無効電力の最小値を下記の数式1に代入して変換利得を算出し、前記第2の電圧誤差値に前記変換利得を乗算して前記無効電力の補償値を算出することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の風力発電団地の系統連系点電圧の制御システム。
[数1]
kQi = (QWGi max − QWGi min)/w
(式中、kQiは変換利得を示し、QWGi maxは可用の無効電力の最大値を示し、QWGi minは可用の無効電力の最小値を示し、iは各風力発電機の番号を示し、wは第1の電圧誤差値に対して予め設定された許容範囲を示す。) - 前記各風力発電機は、風環境に応じて他の風力発電機とは異なる有効電力を系統側に注入し、
前記風力発電機の制御装置は、一対一で接続された風力発電機の有効電力値に基づいて、他の風力発電機の制御装置とは異なる無効電力の補償値を算出することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の風力発電団地の系統連系点電圧の制御システム。
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US9217419B2 (en) | 2015-12-22 |
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