JP5718649B2 - Mntfペプチド組成物およびその使用法 - Google Patents
Mntfペプチド組成物およびその使用法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5718649B2 JP5718649B2 JP2010547846A JP2010547846A JP5718649B2 JP 5718649 B2 JP5718649 B2 JP 5718649B2 JP 2010547846 A JP2010547846 A JP 2010547846A JP 2010547846 A JP2010547846 A JP 2010547846A JP 5718649 B2 JP5718649 B2 JP 5718649B2
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Images
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- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/475—Growth factors; Growth regulators
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
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Description
本開示は、一般に、MNTFペプチドおよびその類似体を使用して神経細胞障害を治療するための組成物および方法に関する。
本出願は、2008年2月21日出願の米国特許仮出願第61/066,669号(表題「MNTFペプチド組成物および方法」)の優先権を主張するものであり、その内容は、参照することによりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
以下は、本開示を理解する上で有用であり得る情報を含む。本明細書に提供される情報の内のいずれかは従来技術であるか、または本開示に関連するか、あるいは明示的もしくは黙示的に参照されるいずれの刊行物もしくは資料が従来技術であるかを容認するものではない。
本明細書には、これらに限定されないが、本発明の概要において規定されるまたは参照される多くの特質および実施形態を有する技術が記載される。すべてを包括することを意図するものではなく、特許請求の範囲は、本発明の概要に同定される特性または実施形態に限定されるものではなく、またそれらによって限定されず、例証目的のためのみに含まれるのであって、制限する目的のためではない。
FSRYAR(配列番号2)
FS(配列番号3)
FSR(配列番号4)
AFS(配列番号5)
FSRY(配列番号6)
SAFS(配列番号7)
AFSR(配列番号8)
LSAFS(配列番号9)
SAFSR(配列番号10)
AFSRY(配列番号11)
FSRYA(配列番号12)
MLSAFS(配列番号13)
LSAFSR(配列番号14)
SAFSRY(配列番号15)
AFSRYA(配列番号16)
SRYAR(配列番号17)
RYAR(配列番号18)
YAR(配列番号19)
SRYA(配列番号20)
RYA(配列番号21)
SRY(配列番号22)
胎児期の運動ニューロンの生存率は、関連する発達中の骨格筋に由来する特異的な栄養物質に依存することが明らかになっている。骨格筋は、胎児期の運動ニューロンの変性、およびその後の自然細胞死を防ぐことによって、胎児期の運動ニューロンの生存および発達を促進する能力を有する物質を生成すると報告されている。これらの物質は、特殊なタンパク質群である神経栄養因子(NTF)として広く記載されており、選択された神経細胞集団の生存、成長、維持、および機能的能力を促進する役割を果たす(O’Brian, R. J. and Fischbach, G. D., 6 J. Neurosci. 3265 (1986)、Hollyday, M. and Hamburger, V., 170 J. Comp. Neurol. 311 (1976)McManaman, J. L., et al., 263 J. Biol. Chem. 5890 (1988)、Oppenheim, R. W., et al., 240 Science, 919 (1988)、およびSmith, R. G., et al., 6 J. Neurosci. 439 (1986)。
本開示が関連する技術を説明する文脈において使用される特定の用語を記載する。別途記載のない限り、以下の用語は、本明細書および特許請求の範囲において使用される場合、以下の意味を有するものとする。以下または本明細書の他の箇所に定義されていない用語については、当該技術分野で認められる意味を有するものとする。
同義アミノ酸の広範囲な群
アミノ酸−−−同義アミノ酸
Ser−−−Ser、Thr、Gly、Asn
Arg−−−Arg、Gln、Lys、Glu、His
Leu−−−Ile、Phe、Tyr、Met、Val、Leu
Pro−−−Gly、Ala、Thr、Pro
Thr−−−Pro、Ser、Ala、Gly、His、Gln、Thr
Ala−−−Gly、Thr、Pro、Ala
Val−−−Met、Tyr、Phe、Ile、Leu、Val
Gly−−−Ala、Thr、Pro、Ser、Gly
Ile−−−Met、Tyr、Phe、Val、Leu、Ile
Phe−−−Trp、Met、Tyr、Ile、Val、Leu、Phe
Tyr−−−Trp、Met、Phe、Ile、Val、Leu、Tyr
Cys−−−Ser、Thr、Cys
His−−−Glu、Lys、Gln、Thr、Arg、His
Gln−−−Glu、Lys、Asn、His、Thr、Arg、Gln
Asn−−−Gln、Asp、Ser、Asn
Lys−−−Glu、Gln、His、Arg、Lys
Asp−−−Glu、Asn、Asp
Glu−−−Asp、Lys、Asn、Gln、His、Arg、Glu
Met−−−Phe、Ile、Val、Leu、Met
Trp−−−Trp
同義アミノ酸の中範囲の群
アミノ酸−−−同義群
Ser−−−Ser
Arg−−−His、Lys、Arg
Leu−−−Ile、Phe、Met、Leu
Pro−−−Ala、Pro
Thr−−−Thr
Ala−−−Pro、Ala
Val−−−Met、Ile、Val
Gly−−−Gly
Ile−−−Ile、Met、Phe、Val、Leu
Phe−−−Met、Tyr、Ile、Leu、Phe
Tyr−−−Phe、Tyr
Cys−−−Ser、Cys
His−−−Arg、Gln、His
Gln−−−Glu、His、Gln
Asn−−−Asp、Asn
Lys−−−Arg、Lys
Asp−−−Asn、Asp
Glu−−−Gln、Glu
Met−−−Phe、Ile、Val、Leu、Met
Trp−−−Trp
同義アミノ酸の狭範囲の群
アミノ酸−−−同義群
Ser−−−Ser
Arg−−−Arg
Leu−−−Ile、Met、Leu
Pro−−−Pro
Thr−−−Thr
Ala−−−Ala
Val−−−Val
Gly−−−Gly
Ile−−−Ile、Met、Leu
Phe−−−Phe
Tyr−−−Tyr
Cys−−−Ser、Cys
His−−−His
Gln−−−Gln
Asn−−−Asn
Lys−−−Lys
Asp−−−Asp
Glu−−−Glu
Met−−−Ile、Leu、Met
Trp−−−Trp
対象に運動ニューロン親和性因子(MNTF)ペプチドまたはその類似体を投与することを含む、神経細胞障害に罹患する対象を治療する方法が提供される。
ラット筋組織からの2つの運動ニューロン栄養因子(MNTF1およびMNTF2)の単離および特徴付け、ならびにその後のヒト網膜芽細胞腫cDNAライブラリ由来の組換えMNTF1−F6遺伝子のクローニングは、米国特許第6,309,877号、第6,759,389号、および第6,841,531号(ならびに米国同時係属出願第10/858,144号、第10/858,286号、第10/858,543号、および第10/858,545号)に記載され、それらのすべては、参照することにより、その全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。国際出願PCT/US2004/038651に記載されるように(参照することにより、その全体が本明細書に組み込まれる)、MNTF1−F6遺伝子配列は、ヒト染色体22q22内に位置することが分かった33番目のアミノ酸のMNTF1ポリペプチドをコードする。
MNTF1および/またはそのペプチド類似体は、生体外での哺乳類の運動ニューロンの生存を促進する。したがって、本明細書に記載される技術は、有効量のMNTFペプチドまたはその類似体を用いて幹細胞由来の神経細胞を生体外で培養することにより、幹細胞由来の神経細胞株の生存を促進するための方法を含む、神経細胞培養物の成長因子/栄養補助剤としてのMNTFペプチドまたはその類似体の使用を提供する。
当該技術分野および本開示に精通する当業者は理解するように、MNTF活性ドメインおよびそのペプチド類似体を含む配列は、生体内および生体外での神経保護、修復、および治療的機能を運動ニューロンに与えることができる。本明細書に記載されるMNTF因子は、合成もしくは組換えによって生成されてもよいか、または天然細胞から単離されてもよい。
本開示のMNTFペプチドまたはその類似体を含む組成物は、これらに限定されないが、固相合成による化学合成およびHPLCを用いた化学反応物の他の生成物からの精製を含む当該技術分野において周知の方法によって、あるいは、生体外翻訳系もしくは生細胞における、本明細書に記載されるMNTFペプチドもしくはその類似体を含むペプチドまたはポリペプチドをコードする核酸配列(例えば、DNA配列)の発現による生成によって、作製されてもよいことを理解されたい。上記組成物のMNTFペプチドまたはその類似体は、単離されて、1つまたはそれ以上の望ましくない低分子量分子を除去するために大規模に透析されてもよいか、かつ/または、望ましいビヒクル内でより容易に使用できる製剤となるよう凍結乾燥されてもよい。MNTFペプチド構成成分中で作製されるさらなるアミノ酸、突然変異、化学修飾等がある場合は、MNTFドッキング配列の受容体認識を実質的に妨害するべきではないことを、さらに理解されたい。
本明細書に記載されるスクリーニング手順を用いて同定される化合物は、さらに識別することができ、当該技術分野において容認される動物細胞培養物の疾患および障害モデル系において神経細胞障害を治療する能力に基づいて、化合物の有効性を評価することができる。化合物および天然抽出物の信頼性を検査する多くの薬物スクリーニングアッセイの中で、調査する化合物の数を所与の期間内に最大化するためには、ハイスループットアッセイが望ましい。精製されたまたは部分的に精製されたタンパク質に由来してもよい無細胞系において行われるアッセイは、試験化合物によって媒介される分子標的内の変化を急速に生じさせ、比較的容易に検出できるように産生することが可能であるため、「主要な(primary)」スクリーンとして用いられることが多い。さらに、通常は、生体外系では、試験化合物の細胞毒性の影響および/または生物学的利用率は無視されてもよく、その代わりに、アッセイの焦点が、主に受容体タンパク質との結合親和性の変化に顕在する薬物の分子標的に対する影響に合わせられる。
医薬組成物は、本明細書に開示される1つまたはそれ以上のMNTFペプチドまたはその類似体とともに、薬学的に許容される希釈剤および/または担体を含む。好適な担体/希釈剤は当該技術分野において周知であり、任意選択的に緩衝塩および保存剤、またはその糖、デンプン、塩もしくは混合物等の追加の構成成分を含む、生理食塩水またはその他の無菌の水性培地を含む。
生体外のラット運動ニューロン細胞生存モデルにおけるMNTFペプチドまたはその類似体が細胞死を減弱させる有効性に関する試験
実施例1は、生体外のラット運動ニューロン細胞生存モデルにおける、運動ニューロン栄養因子(MNTF)の6アミノ酸類似体(GM6)および様々な短いペプチド類似体が、細胞死を減弱させる能力を示す。GM6(配列番号2)および他の類似体(3−mer、4−mer、5−mer)を10マイクログラムmlで投与することにより、類似体特異的な運動ニューロンの細胞死の減弱が示された。類似体は、末端のフェニルアラニンを最も有効として含有する類似体について、栄養効果の独自のパターンを示した。これらのデータは、GM6および類似体のうちのいくつかは、運動ニューロン細胞の生存モデルにおいて効果的な栄養因子であることを示唆している。
「GM6」および「6mer」は、MNTFの例示的な6アミノ酸ペプチド類似体を意味する。
運動ニューロンの精製および培養。脊髄の運動ニューロン培養物を、Sprague−Dawleyラット(E14.5)(Charles River Labs)から調製した。短時間で、0.025%トリプシン(Gibco)中にて、8分間37℃で解剖した脊髄を消化させた。2%ウマ血清(Gibco)、インスリン(5μg/ml)、プトレッシン(1×10−4M)、コンアルブミン(100μg/ml)、亜セレン酸ナトリウム(3×10−8M)、プロゲステロン(2×10−8M)、グルコース(3.6mg/ml)、ペニシリン(100IU/ml)、ストレプトマイシン(100μg/ml)、デオキシリボヌクレアーゼ(100μg/ml)、およびウシ血清アルブミン(BSA、0.4%)を補充したL−15培地(Gibco)を含有する溶液に組織を移した。1mlピペットマンを用いて組織を混練し、懸濁液を15ml Falconチューブ内のL−15中の10.4%Optiprep(Nycomed Pharma)クッション上に重層した。重層した懸濁液を830xgで15分間遠心分離した。界面の細胞を0.5%BSAを含有するPBSに懸濁させ、IgG−192 p75特異的抗体を用いて免疫親和性により分離した後、磁気マイクロビーズ(Miltenyi Biotec)を用いて細胞選別して運動ニューロンを精製した。運動ニューロン培地は、B27サプリメント(Gibco)、グルタミン酸塩(25μM)、2−メルカプトエタノール(25μM)および2%ウマ血清を補充したNeurobasal培地(Gibco)からなる。運動ニューロンを、別途記載のない限り3000細胞/カバースリップの密度でラミニン被覆カバースリップに置床した。細胞播種時に神経栄養因子のカクテル(NTF:1ng/ml BDNF、100pg/ml GDNF、10ng/ml CNTF)を追加した。培養物中で24時間後、NTFを含まない運動ニューロン培地中で希釈した異なる類似体を添加して運動ニューロンを処理した。
細胞の生存。生体外のラット運動ニューロン細胞の生存モデルにおいて、GM6および類似体の栄養有効性を評価した。各処理につき、生存する運動ニューロンの数をNTF単独(対照)の存在下で生存する運動ニューロンの数の割合として表した。そのデータを表1および図1にまとめた。
Claims (12)
- 配列番号4、6及び12からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸配列からなるMNTFペプチド。
- 配列番号4に記載のアミノ酸配列からなる、請求項1に記載のMNTFペプチド。
- 配列番号6に記載のアミノ酸配列からなる、請求項1に記載のMNTFペプチド。
- 配列番号12に記載のアミノ酸配列からなる、請求項1に記載のMNTFペプチド。
- 前記MNTFペプチドは、脂肪酸、胆汁酸塩、キレート化剤、界面活性剤および非界面活性剤からなる群より選択される浸透促進剤との共有結合によって修飾され、それによって、前記MNTFペプチドの組織浸透力が向上される、請求項1〜4のうちのいずれか1項に記載のMNTFペプチド。
- 前記MNTFペプチドは、前記浸透促進剤との共有結合によってN末端が修飾される、請求項5に記載のMNTFペプチド。
- 前記浸透促進剤は、1つまたはそれ以上の遊離アミノ基のNアシル誘導体化によって、前記MNTFペプチドに共有結合される、請求項6に記載のMNTFペプチド。
- 前記浸透促進剤は、置換されてもよい2〜22個の炭素のアルキルカルボン酸であり、前記アルキルカルボン酸は、ヒドロキシル化、不飽和化、および/または硫化されてもよい、請求項5に記載のMNTFペプチド。
- 前記浸透促進剤は、カブリル酸(cabrylic acid)、オレイン酸、ラウリン酸、カプリン酸、カプリル酸、ヘキサン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、吉草酸、ステアリン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸、アラキドン酸、オレイン酸、エライジン酸、エルカ酸、およびネルボン酸から選択される脂肪酸である、請求項8に記載のMNTFペプチド。
- 請求項1〜9のうちのいずれか1項に記載のMNTFペプチド、および薬学的に許容される担体を含む、ニューロンの成長もしくは維持を促進するため、又は神経細胞障害を軽減するための医薬組成物。
- ニューロンの成長または維持を促進するための医薬であって、前記医薬は、請求項10に記載の医薬組成物を含み、かつ神経細胞に投与するためのものであり、前記組成物は、ニューロンの成長の促進、ニューロンの維持の促進、神経突起伸長の促進、軸索切断された運動ニューロンの軸索再生の促進、運動機能の向上、損傷した神経経路の修復、神経経路の再生、または神経細胞の異常の軽減からなる群から選択される1つまたはそれ以上の生物学的活性を有する、前記医薬。
- 神経細胞障害に罹患する動物において前記障害を軽減するための医薬であって、請求項10に記載の医薬組成物を含み、前記医薬組成物は前記障害を軽減するために十分な量の前記MNTFペプチドを含む、前記医薬。
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