JP5714684B1 - Umbrella type spiral turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

An umbrella-type spiral water turbine is provided which can be installed vertically and can obtain a rotational force efficiently from flowing water in the entire water turbine while reducing the installation area. A rotating cylinder 11 having a conical shape and a plurality of rotating blades 12 spirally provided on an outer peripheral surface of the rotating cylinder 11 are provided. The rotary blades 12 are erected upward from the outer peripheral surface of the rotary drum 11, and the distance between the adjacent rotary blades 12 increases from the upper part to the lower part of the rotary drum 11. The rotating shaft 11 is installed vertically with the top of the rotating drum 11 facing upward, and rotates by receiving flowing water pressure falling from above. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a spiral turbine having a rotating drum and rotating blades spirally provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum and rotating under a flowing water pressure flowing from above.

  As this type of spiral water wheel, for example, the following Patent Document 1 has been proposed. The spiral water wheel of Patent Document 1 includes a hollow cylindrical rotating drum and rotating blades provided spirally on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum. Here, the rotating blades extend radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum, and the spiral inclination angle is generally the same from the upper start end to the lower end. That is, the rotary blades are provided at the same spiral pitch from the start end to the end. On the other hand, only the lower end portion of the rotating drum has a smaller diameter than the other parts. In addition, the spiral water turbine is installed obliquely on the sloped waterway, and the rotating turbine blades are rotated by receiving the flowing water pressure flowing from above the slope.

JP 2013-174198 A

  In Patent Document 1, the flow of water that generates the rotational force of the spiral water turbine is secured by the slope, and the spiral water turbine is basically horizontally placed. Therefore, in order to provide a height difference for creating a sufficient water flow, Requires a large footprint. This is not suitable for installing a spiral water wheel in a narrow site or indoor.

  In order to solve this problem, it is conceivable that a spiral water turbine as in Patent Document 1 is installed vertically and water is allowed to fall freely. However, if such a spiral turbine is simply installed vertically, the following problems arise. First, in the case of the impulse type vertical spiral turbine as described above, the potential energy of the water is converted into the kinetic (rotational) energy of the spiral turbine by flowing water through the rotating blades. In order to rotate the water wheel, the water flow speed must be high to some extent. Specifically, if the flowing water speed is higher than the moving speed of the water turbine spiral surface in the rotation axis direction, the potential energy of water acts as the rotational force of the spiral water wheel. If they are equivalent, the water simply flows (drops) together with the spiral turbine, and the rotational force of the spiral turbine does not occur. Furthermore, if the flowing water speed is smaller than the moving speed of the water wheel spiral surface in the direction of the rotation axis, the force acts so that the water jumps outward by centrifugal force. Here, the moving speed of the water wheel spiral surface in the direction of the rotation axis is the product of the rotation axis direction distance and the rotation speed while the rotating blades make one rotation of the rotation axis.

  Here, when the spiral turbine as in Patent Document 1 is installed vertically, the flowing water speed is high at the top of the spiral turbine, but the position energy of water is used as the rotational energy of the spiral turbine, so The flowing water velocity has a characteristic of gradually decreasing as it flows downward. Therefore, when the spiral water turbine is simply installed vertically, only the upper part of the spiral water turbine generates rotational force by receiving the flowing water pressure, and the water flows integrally with the spiral water turbine in the middle part and the lower part. Or just jumping out of the spiral turbine, there is a risk that no rotational force will be generated. This not only makes it impossible to effectively use the potential energy of the water from the beginning to the end of the rotating blades, but is also inefficient, and also wastes in terms of downsizing the spiral turbine.

  Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present inventors have intensively studied. As a result, while installing the spiral turbine in a vertical direction to reduce the installation area, the spiral turbine has a tapered shape at the end and the installation of the rotating blades. The inventors have found that the above problem can be solved by changing the shape, and have completed the present invention.

  That is, the present invention solves the above-described problem, and provides an umbrella-type spiral turbine that can be installed vertically and can efficiently obtain a rotational force from running water in the entire rotating blade while reducing the installation area. For the purpose.

  As a means for this, the spiral water turbine of the present invention (runner of the water turbine device) has a rotating drum and a plurality of rotating blades spirally provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum, and the rotating drum is conical. Presents an umbrella shape. The rotary blades are provided so as to stand upward from the outer peripheral surface of the rotary drum, and the distance between the rotary blades gradually increases from the upper part to the lower part of the rotary drum. Then, the rotating shaft is installed vertically with the top of the rotating drum facing upward, and then water is dropped from above and rotated by receiving the flowing water pressure.

  In the present invention, the installation area of the spiral water turbine or the water turbine device using the spiral water turbine can be significantly reduced compared to the conventional case by dropping the water from above with the rotating shaft of the spiral water turbine oriented vertically.

  In this case, the flowing water velocity that travels along the rotating blades by colliding with the spiral turbine decreases as it goes down the spiral turbine. It has the characteristic of increasing energy loss. Therefore, in order to obtain the rotational force of the spiral turbine by receiving the flowing water pressure, it is necessary to increase the flowing water cross section (the diameter of the trajectory through which water flows) as the flowing water speed decreases. For example, if the running speed is 1/4, a running water cross section four times as large is required. Therefore, in the present invention, the rotating drum has a conical shape and has an umbrella shape that widens toward the bottom, so that the cross section of the flowing water increases as it goes downward, and a rotational force can be obtained without waste in the entire rotating blade.

  In addition, since the distance between the rotating blades is increased from the upper part to the lower part of the rotating drum, the decrease in the flowing water speed is suppressed, and the rotating force can be efficiently obtained in the entire rotating blades.

  Furthermore, since the rotary blade is erected from the rotary drum, the rotary blade also functions as a guide wall that prevents water from splashing in the outer peripheral direction. Thereby, a rotational force can be obtained more efficiently while avoiding loss of energy (flowing water amount). This effect can be obtained with certainty if the rotating blades are erected at an angle of 90 ° or less with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum from a vertical angle.

  According to the umbrella-type spiral water turbine of the present invention, the rotational force can be efficiently obtained from the flowing water in the entire rotary blade while being installed in the vertical direction to reduce the installation area.

It is a top view of a spiral water wheel. It is sectional drawing of a spiral water wheel. It is sectional drawing of a hydroelectric generator.

  Hereinafter, representative embodiments of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the spiral turbine 10 according to the first embodiment includes a rotating drum 11 serving as a rotating base and a plurality of rotating blades 12 provided in a spiral shape on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 11. However, as a whole, it has become an umbrella shape that spreads out. The rotating drum 11 has a conical shape, and the top portion is pointed in order to efficiently divide water colliding from above into each rotating blade 12. A connecting rod or the like that is connected to a hydroelectric generator or the like is connected to the lower surface of the rotating drum 11.

  A plurality of rotating blades 12 (six in this embodiment) are provided in parallel from the top to the lower end of the rotating drum 11. By providing a plurality of rotating blades 12 in parallel, the rotational force obtained per unit water volume is increased. Further, when the water is divided into a plurality of blades and flows in, the inflow amount per sheet is reduced, so that the water turbine volume can be reduced with respect to the flow rate. Corresponding to the fact that the spiral turbine 10 is a vertical impulse turbine, the rotary blades 12 are provided so that the distance between the adjacent rotary blades 12 gradually increases from the top to the bottom of the spiral turbine 10. Yes.

  The rotary blade 12 is erected upward from the outer peripheral surface of the rotary drum 11. In addition, the height dimension (standing dimension) of the rotary blade 12 is substantially the same from the upper start end to the lower end. The standing angle of the rotary blade 12 is preferably 90 ° or less with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary drum 11 from a vertical angle. By standing up at an angle in this range, it is possible to receive the flowing water pressure accurately and obtain efficient rotational force, and also prevent water from splashing radially outward of the spiral turbine 10 and reduce energy loss. can do. If the standing angle of the rotary blade 12 is inclined from the vertical to the inner side (rotating shaft side), the water flows while being pressed radially inward (the rotating shaft side), so that it is difficult to efficiently obtain the rotational force. On the other hand, if the standing angle of the rotating blade 12 is larger than 90 ° with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 11, water cannot be accurately prevented from splashing outward by the rotating blade 12 and energy loss occurs. May increase.

  In addition, the upper end surface of each rotary blade 12 is designed to be substantially the same height as the top of the rotary drum 11. That is, the water diversion path is designed to start from the top of the spiral water turbine 10. Thereby, a rotational force can be obtained immediately after water collides with the spiral water turbine 10 from above.

  The spiral water turbine 10 is installed such that the rotation axis is in the vertical direction, and the water may be freely dropped from above the spiral water turbine 10. The spiral water turbine 10 having such a configuration can be typically applied to a hydroelectric power generation apparatus. An example of a hydroelectric power generation apparatus using the spiral water turbine 10 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the hydroelectric power generation apparatus 100 includes a casing 101 in which a spiral water turbine 10 installed in a vertical direction is housed, a free fall portion 102 that continues upward from the casing 101, and a free fall portion 102. And a water tank 103 provided above. A spiral turbine 10 is rotatably provided in the casing 101, and a generator 105 is provided below the spiral turbine 10. Reference numeral 106 denotes a water drain pipe used for hydroelectric power generation. Water for use in hydroelectric power generation is stored in the water tank 103, and the water falls freely in the free fall part 102. Reference numeral 107 is a water supply pipe for supplying water to the water tank 103. Note that a rectifier 108 having honeycomb-shaped pores is provided immediately below the drainage port of the water tank 103. This prevents water from diffusing outward when it falls freely. Further, the drain port of the water tank 103 and the center of the rectifier 108 and the rotating shaft of the spiral water turbine 10 are coaxial, and the free-falling water is designed to collide with the top of the rotating drum 11 of the spiral water wheel 10 as the center. .

  According to this hydroelectric power generation device 100, the water W used for hydropower generation supplied through the water supply pipe 107 is temporarily stored in the water tank 103, whereby the fluctuation of the water pressure at the drain outlet is adjusted. The diameter and flow velocity of water flowing into the spiral water turbine 10 can be adjusted by the amount of water stored in the water tank 103, the pore diameter of the rectifier 108, and the like. The water W that has fallen freely via the rectifier 108 has been rectified, and thus falls into one clean column without diffusing outward, and to the top of the spiral water turbine 10 installed vertically. collide. At this time, as the free-falling water W moves downward (the falling distance increases), the falling speed increases, so the diameter of the water column gradually decreases. In addition, in order to eliminate the loss of water (potential energy), it is preferable that the outer dimension (outer diameter) of the starting end of the rotary blade 12 be larger than the diameter of the free-falling water column.

  The water W that has collided with the spiral turbine 10 is diverted to the rotary blades 12 at the top immediately after the collision. As shown in FIG. 1, each rotary blade 12 receives flowing water pressure and the spiral turbine 10 flows in the flow direction of the water W. Rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the spiral water turbine 10 has a divergent umbrella shape, each rotary blade 12 is provided from the top to the lower end of the rotary drum 11, each rotary blade 12 is erected, and each Since the distance between the rotary blades 12 gradually increases from the upper part to the lower part of the rotary drum 11, there is little energy loss and the rotational force can be obtained efficiently in the entire spiral turbine 10. The water W that has passed through each rotary blade 12 is drained from the drain pipe 106.

(Modification)
As mentioned above, although typical embodiment of this invention was described, it is not restricted to these, A various deformation | transformation is possible further in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, the number of the rotating blades 12 arranged side by side is not limited to six and can be appropriately changed between about two to eight.

  The inside of the rotating drum 11 may be solid or hollow. If it is made into a hollow cone shape, it can also be used effectively such as accommodating a generator in the internal space. The rotary blades 12 do not necessarily have to be disposed entirely from the top to the lower end of the rotary drum 11, and the rotary blades 12 can be provided from a position separated from the top and / or the lower end by a predetermined amount. Further, the top of the rotating drum 11 does not always need to be pointed, and can be a truncated cone having a flat top.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Spiral turbine 11 Rotating drum 12 Rotating blade 100 Hydroelectric power generation device 103 Water tank 108 Rectifier W Water

Claims (1)

A rotating drum and a plurality of rotating blades provided spirally on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum;
The rotating drum is conical;
The rotating blades are provided so as to stand upward from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum at an angle of 90 ° or less with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum from a vertical angle. The distance between the rotating blades gradually increases,
An umbrella-type spiral turbine in which a rotating shaft is installed vertically with the top of the rotating drum facing upward, and rotates by receiving flowing water pressure falling from above.

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