JP5712505B2 - Waste treatment equipment containing biodegradable resin - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a waste treatment apparatus including a biodegradable resin, and in particular, can effectively use a biodegradable enzyme, and further, biodegradable resin, non-degradable resin, and organic waste (for example, The present invention relates to a waste processing apparatus including a biodegradable resin that can effectively process waste made of garbage, etc., without prior sorting.

Waste treatment technology is extremely important in preventing global warming and promoting effective use of global resources, and various technologies have been researched and developed.
Attention has been paid to technologies for biogas recovery (energy recovery) systems by fermentation treatment of organic waste (methane fermentation, hydrogen fermentation, etc.), and biodegradable resin as a plastic. Examples include a technique for decomposing.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that a biodegradable plastic is pulverized, and the pulverized plastic is mixed with a garbage-like organic substance slurry and brought into contact with a methane-fermenting microorganism. The technology of the processing method of the biodegradable plastic formed by methane fermentation treatment is disclosed.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a hydrolysis process in which diluted water is added to organic waste containing biodegradable plastics for hydrolysis, and the hydrolyzed decomposition product is subjected to methane fermentation under anaerobic conditions. The technology of the processing method of the organic waste containing the biodegradable plastic which consists of the methane fermentation process which performs this, and the collection | recovery process which collect | recovers the methane gas produced | generated by the said fermentation is disclosed.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a method of subjecting a mixture of biodegradable plastic and organic waste to a methane fermentation treatment, a pulverization step of pulverizing the mixture, and the raw material while slurrying the pulverized mixture. A biodegradation process for decomposing degradable plastics and a methane fermentation process for methane fermentation of the slurry, wherein the biodegradation process is performed under anaerobic conditions at 40 to 60 ° C. Techniques for methane fermentation treatment methods are disclosed.

  Further, in Patent Document 4, in a method of treating an organic waste containing a biodegradable resin molded product by an anaerobic biodegradation method, biodegradation is performed on the organic waste containing the biodegradable resin molded product. Technology of organic waste processing including biodegradable resin moldings, characterized by adding predegradable resin-degrading enzyme (usually also called biodegradable enzyme) or microorganisms producing the enzyme Is disclosed.

By the way, although the technique of the patent documents 1-4 mentioned above has fermented the biodegradable resin which hardly contains water | moisture content, and there exists an advantage which the increase in biogas recovery amount is anticipated, biodegradable resin is an enzyme Since the biodegradation rate due to contact with is extremely slow, a step for promoting the decomposition is required. For example, the technique of Patent Document 1 requires an alkali decomposition process, the technique of Patent Document 2 requires a hydrolysis process at 120 ° C. to 250 ° C., and the technique of Patent Document 3 requires an ultraviolet or ozone gas irradiation process. And That is, these techniques have the disadvantages that the scale of equipment, energy consumption, environmental burden, and the like increase as a method for treating waste containing biodegradable resins.
On the other hand, the technique of Patent Document 4 performs pretreatment by adding a biodegradable resin-degrading enzyme or a microorganism that produces the enzyme.

JP 2004-292705 A JP-A-2005-95729 JP 2004-223470 A JP 2004-58010 A

  However, in the treatment method in which the biodegradable resin molded article is decomposed separately from the fermentation treatment (methane fermentation treatment, etc.) as in the technique of Patent Document 4, the biodegradable enzyme is combined with the decomposition product. There is a problem that the biodegradable enzyme cannot be effectively used because it is sent to the fermentation process and is disposable.

Also, in a biodegradation treatment system, usually, only a molded body made only of a biodegradable resin and organic waste are subject to treatment, and a molded body made of a biodegradable resin and a non-degradable resin or a non-degradable resin It was not possible to mix the toxic waste. For this reason, wastes mixed with these have been incinerated even though they need to be pre-sorted before processing or contain reusable resources. In other words, in the disposal of waste, there has been a strong demand for the establishment of a technique that can eliminate the labor of pre-sorting waste.
Furthermore, in the biodegradation processing system, establishment of a technique for preventing substances that inhibit biodegradation processing from entering the biodegradation processing step has been desired.

The present invention has been proposed in order to solve the above-described problems and the like, and biodegradable enzymes can be effectively used. Furthermore, biodegradable resins, non-degradable resins and organic wastes can be used. It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste treatment apparatus including a biodegradable resin that can effectively treat waste made of waste without prior sorting.

  In order to achieve the above object, a waste treatment apparatus containing a biodegradable resin according to the present invention uses a decomposition solution containing a biodegradable enzyme to decompose the biodegradable resin contained in the waste. And a recovery tank for recovering a decomposition solution containing a decomposition product of the biodegradable resin.

According to the waste processing apparatus containing the biodegradable resin of the present invention, the enzyme can be used effectively, and further, the waste made of biodegradable resin, non-degradable resin, organic waste, etc. It can be processed effectively without prior sorting.

FIG. 1: has shown the schematic front view of the principal part of the processing apparatus of the waste containing the biodegradable resin concerning one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2: has shown the schematic plan view of the principal part of the processing apparatus of the waste containing the biodegradable resin concerning one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a main part for explaining a non-decomposed material recovery means of a waste processing apparatus including a biodegradable resin according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. A sectional view is shown, and (b) shows a plan view. FIG. 4: has shown the schematic flowchart figure for demonstrating the processing method of the waste containing the biodegradable resin concerning one Embodiment of this invention.

[Embodiment of waste treatment apparatus containing biodegradable resin]
FIG. 1: has shown the schematic front view of the principal part of the processing apparatus of the waste containing the biodegradable resin concerning one Embodiment of this invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a main part of a waste treatment apparatus including a biodegradable resin according to an embodiment of the present invention.
1 and 2, a waste treatment apparatus 1 containing a biodegradable resin according to the present embodiment (abbreviated as waste treatment apparatus 1 as appropriate) includes a pulverizing means 2, a decomposition inhibitor removing means 3, and a decomposition tank. 4, the separation means 5, the non-decomposed product recovery means 6, the communication member 7, the fermenter 8, and a control means (not shown) for controlling them. The waste processing apparatus 1 processes a waste 10 containing a biodegradable resin 11.

(waste)
The waste 10 includes a biodegradable resin 11, a non-degradable resin 12, an organic waste 13, and the like. That is, the waste disposal apparatus 1 treats the waste 10 such as the garbage discharged from the home.
Here, the waste 10 to be processed by the waste processing apparatus 1 is a mixture of biodegradable resin 11, plastic waste (that is, non-degradable resin 12) and / or organic waste 13. Therefore, the waste treatment apparatus 1 effectively treats, for example, a multilayer plastic bottle (a plastic bottle having a layer made of the biodegradable resin 11 and a layer made of the non-degradable resin 12) as described later. can do.

The biodegradable resin 11 is a resin whose molecular structure is decomposed by an enzyme produced by a microorganism and can be converted into an inorganic substance such as carbon dioxide or water. For example, a chemically synthesized resin, a microbial resin, or a natural product utilization system. Resin etc. are mentioned. The biodegradable resin 11 is preferably a polylactic acid resin or the like, and may further contain a decomposition accelerator.
Examples of the organic waste 13 include garbage, food processing residue, paper, sewage sludge, manure, livestock manure, and pruned branches.
In addition, said mixture may contain the fine metal piece.

(Crushing means)
The crushing means 2 is a uniaxial crusher having a rotary blade, a screen (mesh), and the like, and crushes the waste 10 supplied to the decomposition tank 4 to a particle size of several mm to several tens mm.
In addition, the grinding | pulverization system etc. of the grinding | pulverization means 2 are not specifically limited.

(Degradation inhibitor removal means)
The decomposition inhibitor removal means 3 includes a cleaning container 31, a cleaning liquid nozzle 33, an overflow pipe 34, a wire mesh conveyor 35, and the like.
The cleaning container 31 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped container, in which a cleaning liquid 32 is stored, and the pulverized waste 10 is supplied. The supplied waste 10 sinks in the cleaning liquid 32, and the cleaning liquid 32 separates a decomposition inhibitor (such as a surfactant) that inhibits the enzymatic degradation of the biodegradable resin 11 from the biodegradable resin 11 and the like. When the cleaning liquid 32 is supplied from the cleaning liquid nozzle 33, the separated decomposition inhibiting substance (usually in the form of bubbles and floating on the liquid surface) is recovered via the overflow pipe 34. The wire mesh conveyor 35 is installed in the cleaning container 31 with one end located in the cleaning liquid 32 and the other end positioned above the cleaning liquid 32. In addition, the waste 10 from which the decomposition inhibitory substance has been removed is supplied to the basket 61 of the decomposition tank 4 in a state of being drained by the wire mesh conveyor 35.

Thus, the decomposition inhibitor removal means 3 removes a decomposition inhibitor (such as a surfactant) that inhibits the enzymatic degradation of the biodegradable resin 11 from the pulverized waste 10 supplied to the decomposition tank 4. . Thereby, the enzymatic degradation of the biodegradable resin 11 can be performed efficiently and in a short time.
In addition, although water (preferably hot water) etc. are normally used as the washing | cleaning liquid 32, it is not specifically limited. Further, the configuration of the decomposition inhibitor removal means 3 is not limited to the above.

(Decomposition tank)
The decomposition tank 4 includes a stirring device 41, a sensor 42, a feeder 43, a filtration device 44, and the like.
The decomposition tank 4 is a substantially cylindrical tank, and stores a decomposition liquid 40 described later. The decomposition tank 4 contains a plurality of baskets 61, and the waste 10 is supplied from the wire mesh conveyor 35 to the baskets 61. The decomposition tank 4 decomposes the biodegradable resin 11 contained in the waste 10 using a decomposition solution 40 containing a biodegradable enzyme. In this embodiment, the organic waste 13 contained in the waste 10 is put into the decomposition tank 4, and the organic waste is decomposed using the decomposition solution 40 containing an enzyme that decomposes the organic waste 13. The object 13 is decomposed.

The stirring device 41 is provided in the lower part of the decomposition tank 4, and slowly stirs the decomposition solution 40 so that the decomposition solution 40 is in a substantially uniform state.
The filtration device 44 includes a filter 441, a pump 442, and the like, and collects minute non-decomposed matter (for example, minute non-degradable resin 12 and metal pieces) that have passed through the wire mesh 612 of the basket 61. .
Further, the sensor 42 is a variety of sensors for detecting the state of the decomposition solution 40, and is a temperature sensor, an enzyme sensor (a sensor that detects the amount of a specific enzyme), a pH sensor, and the like, although not shown. The sensor 42 is connected to control means such as a computer and outputs each detection signal.
The feeder 43 is a feeder that supplies a neutralizing agent and an enzyme for adjusting the components of the decomposition solution 40, and is provided in the upper part of the decomposition tank 4.

(Decomposition solution)
The decomposition solution 40 contains a biodegradable enzyme, a buffer, an organic solvent, and water.
The biodegradable enzyme may be any degrading enzyme that acts on the biodegradable resin 11, and may or may not be immobilized. For example, lipase, protease, cutinase and the like can be mentioned. Moreover, microorganisms may be put in and the extracellular enzyme may be used, and the culture medium component and nutrient component which the microorganism requires may be added. Furthermore, the decomposition solution 40 may contain an enzyme that hydrolyzes the organic waste 13 and / or a microorganism that produces an enzyme that hydrolyzes and releases it outside the cells. Examples of the enzyme that decomposes the organic waste 13 include lipase, protease, cellulase, amylase, lysozyme, peptidase, esterase, acylamidase, glycosidase, and phosphatase. These biodegradable enzymes and enzymes that decompose the organic waste 13 can be used singly or in combination of two or more. Buffers include glycine-HCl buffer, phosphate buffer, Tris-HCl buffer, acetate buffer, citrate buffer, citrate-phosphate buffer, borate buffer, tartrate buffer, Examples thereof include glycine-sodium hydroxide buffer. Further, it may be a solid neutralizing agent, and examples thereof include calcium carbonate, chitosan, and deprotonated ion exchange resin.

  When the decomposition is performed, if precipitation due to the binding between the enzyme and the decomposition product is observed, this problem can be solved by adding an organic solvent. The organic solvent may have a SP value (Hildebrand solubility parameter) of less than 8.5 or greater than 11.5. As such an organic solvent, hexane (SP value is 7.3), cyclohexane (8.2) dimethyl sulfoxide (14.4), acetonitrile (11.7), ethanol (12.7), methanol (14. 4). By using an organic solvent having an SP value in the above range, the formation of aggregates can be suppressed. Further, the content (volume content) of the organic solvent in the decomposition solution 40 is preferably more than 1% and less than 15%. The reason for this is that when the content (volume content) of the organic solvent is 1% or less, aggregated precipitates are generated in the decomposition solution 40, and the recovery rate of oligomers and monomers decreases. This is because the degradation rate of the biodegradable resin 11 decreases. Furthermore, the degradation rate of the biodegradable resin 11 can be improved in order to suppress enzyme aggregation and precipitation. Moreover, the content rate (volume content rate) of the water | moisture content in the decomposition liquid 40 is 50% or more, Preferably it is good in it being 80-99%. The composition, pH value, decomposition time, temperature, and the like of the decomposition solution 40 can be set as appropriate based on the amount of the waste 10 to be decomposed.

(Non-decomposed product recovery means)
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a main part for explaining a non-decomposed material recovery means of a waste processing apparatus including a biodegradable resin according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. A sectional view is shown, and (b) shows a plan view.
1 and 3, the non-decomposed material recovery means 6 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of (for example, twelve) baskets 61 and rotating means for rotating the baskets 61 within the decomposition tank 4 (this rotating means is placed Frame 62, rotating shaft 63, support frame 64, etc.), basket moving means 65 for taking back basket 61 from decomposition tank 4, and non-decomposed material collection container 66 into which non-decomposed material 14 is charged. Etc. The non-decomposed matter recovery means 6 recovers the non-decomposed matter 14 in the decomposition tank 4 (that is, in the basket 61).
The non-decomposed material 14 is a non-degradable resin 12 or a metal piece contained in the waste 10.

The basket 61 has a substantially cylindrical shape divided into 12 portions along a radial shape, and includes a frame frame 611, a wire net 612, a pair of handles 613, a pair of connecting members 614, and the like. The basket 61 is open at the top, and the waste 10 that has been crushed is input from the opening, and the non-decomposed material 14 is discharged from the opening to the non-decomposed material recovery container 66.
The frame frame 611 is usually made of L-shaped steel, steel pipe, or the like.
The metal mesh 612 has a finer mesh than the particle size of the waste 10 pulverized by the pulverizing means 2, and the non-degradable resin 12 that is not decomposed by the decomposition solution 40 or the mixed metal pieces is retained in the basket 61. . Note that the non-degradable resin 12 and metal pieces that have passed through the wire mesh 612 are collected by the filtration device 44 described above.
The handle 613 is provided on the upper portion of the frame frame 611, and a hook (not shown) of the lifting device of the basket moving means 65 is hooked on the handle 613.
The connecting member 614 is a substantially semicircular metal plate having a through hole, and is provided to face the middle step of the outer peripheral side frame frame 611.

The rotating means for rotating the basket 61 in the decomposition tank 4 includes a mounting frame 62, a rotating shaft 63, a supporting frame 64, and the like.
The mounting frame 62 has a substantially annular shape with radial ribs, and the center portion is connected to the lower end portion of the rotating shaft 63. The placing frame 62 is placed at a predetermined position by a guide member or the like for positioning the basket 61.
The upper part of the rotating shaft 63 is rotatably supported by the support frame 64, and is rotated counterclockwise by a sprocket, a chain, a motor, and the like (not shown). The rotating shaft 63 rotates intermittently by 30 ° at the timing when the waste 10 is thrown into the basket 61 and when the non-decomposed material 14 is collected from the basket 61.

The basket moving means 65 includes an elevating device (not shown) for raising and lowering the basket 61, and a rotating device for rotating the basket 61 that has been raised above the decomposition tank 4 (this rotating means includes a holding plate 651, An air cylinder 652 and a rotation shaft 653).
Although not shown, the lifting device has an air cylinder and a pair of hooks connected to the rod of the air cylinder, and the pair of hooks are hung on the handle 613 to raise and lower the basket 61. .
Further, the rotation device is provided on a substantially oval holding plate 651 and holding plate 651, and is connected to a pair of air cylinders 652 and holding plates 651 in which rods are inserted into through holes of the connecting member 614. A shaft 653, a bearing (not shown) that rotatably supports the rotation shaft 653, a gear that rotates the rotation shaft 653 about 160 °, a geared motor (not shown), and the like are included. . In this rotating device, the holding plate 651 and the air cylinder 652 hold the raised basket 61, the rotating shaft 653 rotates the held basket 61, and the non-decomposed matter 14 remaining in the basket 61 is removed. It is discharged into the decomposition product collection container 66.

The non-decomposed product recovery container 66 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped container, and the non-decomposed product 14 is charged from the basket 61. That is, the non-decomposed material recovery means 6 can efficiently recover the non-decomposed material 14 made of the non-decomposable resin 12 or metal pieces contained in the waste 10.
Here, it is preferable that the waste treatment apparatus 1 has a sorting device (not shown) for sorting the collected non-decomposed matter 14 into the non-degradable resin 12 and a residue such as a metal piece, or the sorted non-degraded product. A cleaning device (not shown) for cleaning the functional resin 12 may be provided. In this way, the non-degradable resin 12 can be recovered for recycling. In addition, the non-degradable resin 12 collected for recycling has greatly improved the problem that impurities are included, and the quality of the non-degradable resin 12 can be improved.
In addition, you may collect | recover a metal piece etc. further with respect to residues, such as a metal piece.

(Separation means)
As shown in FIG. 1, the separation means 5 is an enzyme separation membrane and is attached to the lower part of the decomposition tank 4. Further, the separation means 5 has a separation means cover 51 made of punching metal, a metal mesh or the like, and this separation means cover 51 protects the enzyme separation membrane from minute non-decomposed products.
The enzyme separation membrane (enzyme separation filter) is not particularly limited as long as it suppresses the inflow of the enzyme and allows the degradation product to pass to the next step. For example, Cryptococcus sp. S-2 having a molecular weight of 20.9 kDa When lipase CS2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-73123) is used as a degrading enzyme, it is desirable to use a separation membrane that performs fractionation in the molecular weight range of 1,000 to 20,000. For example, regenerated cellulose membrane, cellulose acetate membrane, polyacrylonitrile membrane Polyvinyldendifluoride porous membrane, cellulose acetate + nitrocellulose mixed membrane, polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, and silicone rubber hollow fiber membrane, which separate the biodegradable enzyme and degradation products in the degradation solution 40. That is, since the separation means 5 separates the biodegradable enzyme contained in the decomposition solution 40 when the decomposition solution 40 containing the decomposition product is supplied to the fermenter 8, the separated biodegradable enzyme or organic The enzyme that decomposes the system waste stays in the decomposition tank 4. As a result, in the waste treatment apparatus 1 having the decomposition tank 4 and the fermentation tank 8, the enzyme remains in the decomposition tank 4 without being sent to the fermentation tank 8 together with the decomposition products, so that the enzyme is continuously used efficiently ( That is, it can be used effectively).

In the present embodiment, an enzyme separation membrane is used as the separation means 5, but the separation means 5 is not limited to this. For example, although not shown, a centrifuge that separates the biodegradable enzyme contained in the decomposition solution 40 may be used instead of the enzyme separation membrane. Even if it does in this way, by separating an enzyme with a centrifuge and returning this enzyme to the decomposition tank 4, the separated biodegradable enzyme can be retained in the decomposition tank 4, and the biodegradable enzyme is effectively used. can do.
Further, the separation means 5 may be configured to include an enzyme separation membrane and a centrifuge.

(Communication member)
The communication member 7 is usually a pipe or the like that allows the decomposition tank 4 and the fermentation tank 8 to communicate with each other. The decomposition product from the biodegradable enzyme separated by the separation means 5 from the decomposition tank 4 to the fermentation tank 8 (that is, In this embodiment, the biodegradable enzyme is separated, and the decomposition solution 40) containing the biodegradable resin 11 and the decomposition product of the organic waste 13 is transferred. Moreover, although the communication member 7 is not shown in figure normally, it has a valve, a pump, etc.
Here, preferably, the temperature adjusting means 31 is provided in the communication member 7, and the temperature adjusting means 31 may adjust the temperature of the decomposition product to a temperature suitable for fermentation. If it does in this way, since the temperature change in the fermenter 8 can be suppressed and the temperature suitable for fermentation can be maintained, the malfunction that the recovery rate of methane gas falls can be prevented.

(Fermenter)
In the present embodiment, the collection tank for collecting the decomposition product from which the enzyme is separated is used as the fermenter 8. The fermenter 8 ferments the decomposition products supplied via the communication member 7. Moreover, in this embodiment, the time which decomposes | disassembles biodegradable resin 11 can be shortened by using the decomposition liquid 40 mentioned above.
Moreover, in this embodiment, the fermenter 8 is set as the structure which performs fermentation by a methanogen, and is collect | recovering methane gas from the piping 81 for collection | recovery. Furthermore, the fermentation residue and waste water generated in the fermenter 8 can be composted or liquid fertilized and used as fertilizer.
In addition, the fermentation product by the fermenter 8 is not limited to methane, For example, hydrogen and ethanol may be sufficient. That is, the fermentation product from the fermenter 8 may be at least one of methane, hydrogen, and ethanol.

Next, operation | movement of the waste processing apparatus 1 of the said structure is demonstrated with reference to drawings.
FIG. 4: has shown the schematic flowchart figure for demonstrating the processing method of the waste containing the biodegradable resin concerning one Embodiment of this invention.
As shown in FIG. 4, in the waste treatment apparatus 1, first, the waste 10 is input to the pulverizing unit 2, and the pulverizing unit 2 pulverizes the input waste 10 to a particle size of several mm to several tens mm. (Step S1).
Here, preferably, the pulverizing means 2 pulverizes the waste 10 to a particle size of several mm to several tens of mm, more preferably to a particle size of several mm. Thus, since the time which decomposes | disassembles the biodegradable resin 11 in the decomposition tank 4 is shortened, so that the waste 10 is grind | pulverized finely, the processing capacity of the waste processing apparatus 1 can be improved.

  Next, in the waste treatment apparatus 1, the decomposition inhibitor removal means 3 removes a decomposition inhibitor (such as a surfactant) that inhibits the enzymatic degradation of the biodegradable resin 11 from the crushed waste 10 ( Step S2). Thereby, the waste treatment apparatus 1 can perform the enzymatic decomposition of the biodegradable resin 11 efficiently and in a short time. Subsequently, the wire mesh conveyor 35 supplies the waste 10 from which the decomposition-inhibiting substances have been removed to the basket 61 of the decomposition tank 4 in a state of being drained.

  Next, in the decomposition tank 4, when a predetermined amount of waste 10 is supplied to one basket 61, the rotating shaft 63 rotates 30 ° counterclockwise, and the waste 10 is transferred to the next basket 61. Supplied. The supplied waste 10 is immersed in the decomposition solution 40, and the biodegradable resin 11 is decomposed by the decomposition solution 40. That is, the decomposition tank 4 decomposes the biodegradable resin 11 contained in the waste 10 and the organic waste 13 such as food using the decomposition solution 40 containing the biodegradable enzyme, A decomposition liquid containing decomposition products of the organic waste 13 is caused to flow out of the basket 61 (step S3).

Here, the stirring device 41 of the decomposition tank 4 slowly stirs the decomposition solution 40 so that the decomposition solution 40 is in a substantially uniform state.
Further, the filtering device 44 collects a minute non-decomposed matter (for example, a minute non-degradable resin 12 or a metal piece) that has passed through the wire mesh 612 of the basket 61.
Further, the sensor 42 outputs each detection signal relating to the liquid temperature, the amount of the specific enzyme, the pH value, etc. to the control means, the control means controls the feeder 43, and the feeder 43 is supplied with the decomposition liquid 40 as necessary. Supply neutralizing agents and biodegradable enzymes to adjust the ingredients.

Next, at the timing when the biodegradable resin 11 of the waste 10 supplied to the basket 61 is almost completely decomposed, the waste treatment apparatus 1 causes the non-decomposed matter recovery means 6 to move the non-decomposed matter 14 ( Non-degradable resin 12 or metal pieces are collected (step S4).
At this time, the basket 61 is at a position rotated by 330 ° from the position where the waste 10 is supplied. First, the lifting device of the basket moving means 65 hangs a pair of hooks on the handle 613 of the basket 61. 61 is raised. Next, in the rotation device of the basket moving means 65, when the holding plate 651 and the air cylinder 652 hold the basket 61 and then the pair of hooks are removed, the basket 61 held by the rotation shaft 653 and the like is rotated. The non-decomposed matter 14 remaining in the basket 61 is discharged into the non-decomposed matter recovery container 66. The basket moving means 65 places the empty basket 61 on the placement frame 62 by returning to the above operation.

  Here, as described above, the waste treatment apparatus 1 is sorted by a sorting device (not shown) that sorts the recovered non-decomposed matter 14 into the non-degradable resin 12 and the residue such as metal pieces. A cleaning device (not shown) for cleaning the non-degradable resin 12 may be provided. In such a case, the sorting device sorts the non-degradable product 14 into the non-degradable resin 12 and the residue such as metal pieces (step S41), and the cleaning device cleans the non-degradable resin 12 (step S42). . As a result, the non-degradable resin 12 recovered for recycling has greatly improved the defect that impurities are contained, and the quality of the non-degradable resin 12 can be improved.

  Next, in the waste treatment apparatus 1, when the communication member 7 transfers the decomposition solution 40 containing decomposition products from the decomposition tank 4 to the fermentation tank 8, the enzyme separation membrane as the separation means 5 is converted into the decomposition solution 40. The biodegradable enzyme and the decomposition product are separated (step S5). That is, the separation means 5 separates the biodegradable enzyme and the like contained in the decomposition solution 40 when the decomposition solution 40 containing the decomposition product is supplied to the fermenter 8, and thus the separated biodegradable enzyme, and The enzyme that decomposes the organic waste 13 stays in the decomposition tank 4. As a result, in the waste treatment apparatus 1 having the decomposition tank 4 and the fermentation tank 8, the enzyme remains in the decomposition tank 4 without being sent to the fermentation tank 8 together with the decomposition products, so that the enzyme is continuously used efficiently ( That is, it can be used effectively).

Subsequently, in the waste treatment apparatus 1, the communication member 7 transfers the decomposition product from which the enzyme has been separated by the separating means 5 from the decomposition tank 4 to the fermentation tank 8, and collects the decomposition product in the fermentation tank 8. (Step S6).
Here, preferably, the temperature adjusting means 31 of the communication member 7 may adjust the temperature of the decomposition product to a temperature suitable for fermentation. If it does in this way, since the temperature change in the fermenter 8 can be suppressed and the temperature suitable for fermentation can be maintained, the malfunction that the recovery rate of methane gas falls can be prevented.

Next, in the waste treatment apparatus 1, the fermenter 8 ferments the decomposition product supplied via the communication member 7 (step S7).
Moreover, in this embodiment, the fermenter 8 is set as the structure which performs fermentation by a methane producer, and the waste treatment apparatus 1 can collect | recover methane gas from the piping 81 for collection | recovery.

  As described above, the waste treatment apparatus 1 includes the waste 10 including the biodegradable resin 11, the non-degradable resin 12, the organic waste 13, and the like (for example, garbage discharged from a household) ) Can be processed without pre-screening. As a result, pre-sorting is impractical and cannot be disposed of in landfills due to the generation of methane gas. The incinerated waste 10 is used to prevent global warming and effectively use global resources. Can be processed while promoting the above, and a great social advantage can be obtained.

  In the waste treatment apparatus 1, the separation means 5 separates the enzyme contained in the decomposition solution 40, and the enzyme remains in the decomposition tank 4 without being sent to the fermentation tank 8 together with the decomposition product. It can be used efficiently (that is, it can be used effectively). Thereby, the cost of an enzyme etc. can be reduced and economical efficiency can be improved.

Furthermore, since the waste treatment apparatus 1 ferments the decomposition product which decomposed | disassembled the biodegradable resin 11, it can improve energy recovery efficiency, and quality is excellent by the non-decomposition recovery means 6 etc. In addition, the non-degradable resin 12 can be efficiently recovered, and the recycling rate of the non-degradable resin 12 can be improved. Furthermore, since the processing technique of the biodegradable resin 11 can be established, CO ₂ can be reduced by increasing the number of biodegradable biomass plastics (for example, polylactic acid and starch resin).

  The waste treatment apparatus 1 includes a waste 10 mainly including a biodegradable resin 11 and an organic waste 13, a waste 10 mainly including a biodegradable resin 11 and a non-degradable resin 12, and Since it is possible to deal with the waste 10 mainly including the biodegradable resin 11, the non-degradable resin 12, the organic waste 13, and the like, the flexibility can be improved. Furthermore, even when the above-mentioned waste 10 contains non-degradable waste, the non-degradable waste recovery means 6 can remove the non-degradable waste without hindrance, and the above-mentioned waste Even when 10 includes a substance that inhibits the biodegradation treatment, the decomposition inhibiting substance removing means 3 can remove this substance, so that the added value of the waste treatment apparatus 1 can be improved.

  As described above, according to the waste treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the enzyme can be used effectively, and further, from the biodegradable resin 11, the non-degradable resin 12, the organic waste 13, and the like. Thus, the waste 10 can be effectively processed without prior sorting.

[Embodiment of Waste Disposal Method Containing Biodegradable Resin]
The present invention is also effective as an invention of a method for treating a waste containing a biodegradable resin (appropriately referred to as a waste treatment method).
The waste treatment method of this embodiment is a method for treating the waste 10 containing the biodegradable resin 11 using the waste treatment apparatus 1 described above.
That is, in the waste treatment method of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, first, the waste 10 is input into the pulverizing means 2, and the pulverizing means 2 converts the input waste 10 into several mm to several tens. A crushing step of crushing to a particle size of mm is included (step S1).

Here, the waste 10 is a mixture of biodegradable resin 11, plastic waste (that is, non-degradable resin 12) and / or organic waste 13. Therefore, according to the waste treatment method of the present embodiment, for example, a multilayer plastic bottle (a plastic bottle having a layer made of the biodegradable resin 11 and a layer made of the non-degradable resin 12) is effectively treated. can do.
In addition, said mixture may contain the fine metal piece.

  Next, the decomposition inhibitor removal means 3 has a decomposition inhibitor removal step for removing a decomposition inhibitor (such as a surfactant) that inhibits the enzymatic degradation of the biodegradable resin 11 from the crushed waste 10. (Step S2). Thereby, the waste treatment apparatus 1 can perform the enzymatic decomposition of the biodegradable resin 11 efficiently and in a short time.

  Next, the decomposition tank 4 has a decomposition step of decomposing the biodegradable resin 11 contained in the waste 10 and the organic waste 13 such as food using the decomposition solution 40 containing an enzyme (step) S3).

Next, at the timing when almost all of the biodegradable resin 11 of the waste 10 supplied to the basket 61 is decomposed, the non-degradable material collecting means 6 performs the non-degradable material 14 (non-degradable resin 12 or metal in the basket 61). A non-decomposed product recovery step for recovering a piece or the like) (step S4).
Here, the sorting device has a sorting step of sorting the recovered non-decomposed material 14 into the non-degradable resin 12 and the residue such as metal pieces (step S41), and the cleaning device is further sorted into It is good to have a washing process of washing degradable resin 12 (Step S42). As a result, the non-degradable resin 12 recovered for recycling has greatly improved the defect that impurities are contained, and the quality of the non-degradable resin 12 can be improved.

  Next, in the waste treatment apparatus 1, when the communication member 7 transfers the decomposition solution 40 containing decomposition products from the decomposition tank 4 to the fermentation tank 8, the enzyme separation membrane as the separation means 5 is converted into the decomposition solution 40. It has a separation step for separating the biodegradable enzyme and the degradation product therein (step S5). Thereby, in the processing method having the decomposition step (step S3) and the fermentation step (step S8), the biodegradable enzyme is not sent to the fermentation tank 8 together with the decomposition product, but remains in the decomposition tank 4, It is possible to continue to use the degradable enzyme efficiently (that is, effectively utilize it). That is, the biodegradable enzyme separated in the separation step (step S5) is returned to the decomposition step (step S3) and used effectively.

Subsequently, the communication member 7 transfers the decomposition product from which the biodegradable enzyme has been separated by the separating means 5 from the decomposition tank 4 to the fermentation tank 8 and recovers the decomposition product to the fermentation tank 8. It has a process (Step S6).
Here, preferably, the temperature adjusting means 31 of the communication member 7 may adjust the temperature of the decomposition product to a temperature suitable for fermentation. If it does in this way, since the temperature change in the fermenter 8 can be suppressed and the temperature suitable for fermentation can be maintained, the malfunction that the recovery rate of methane gas falls can be prevented.

Next, the fermenter 8 has a fermentation process for fermenting the decomposition product supplied via the communication member 7 (step S7).
Moreover, in the waste disposal method of this embodiment, it is as a method of performing fermentation by methanogen, and methane gas can be recovered from the recovery pipe 81.
Note that the fermentation product is not limited to methane, and may be, for example, hydrogen or ethanol. That is, the fermentation product may be at least one of methane, hydrogen, and ethanol.

  As described above, according to the waste processing method including the biodegradable resin of the present embodiment, substantially the same effect as the waste processing apparatus 1 can be obtained. That is, the biodegradable enzyme can be used effectively, and further, it is effective without pre-sorting the waste 10 composed of the biodegradable resin 11, the non-degradable resin 12, the organic waste 13, and the like. Can be processed.

As mentioned above, although the waste processing apparatus containing the biodegradable resin of this invention and its processing method were shown and demonstrated preferable embodiment etc., the processing apparatus of the waste containing the biodegradable resin which concerns on this invention was demonstrated. And the processing method is not limited only to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention.
For example, without providing the separation means 5, it is also possible to send a decomposition solution containing the decomposition product of the biodegradable resin directly to the fermenter.
Moreover, the structures of the decomposition tank 4 and the non-decomposed material recovery means 6 in the waste treatment apparatus 1 are not limited to the above. For example, although not shown, when the processing amount of the waste 10 is large (such as when the daily processing amount is several tons or more), a plurality of decomposition tanks 4 are provided, and each decomposition tank 4 has one basket 61. It is good also as a structure which has. In this way, the structure can be simplified and the size can be easily coped with, so that the cost of the equipment can be reduced.

1 Waste treatment equipment 2 Crushing means
3 Degradation inhibitor removal means
4 Decomposition tank
5 Separation means
6 Non-degradable material recovery means 7 Communication member 8 Fermenter 10 Waste 11 Biodegradable resin 12 Non-degradable resin
13 Organic waste 14 Non-decomposed products
31 Cleaning container
32 Cleaning solution
33 Nozzle for cleaning liquid
34 Overflow piping
35 Wire mesh conveyor
40 Decomposition liquid 41 Stirrer
42 sensors
43 Feeder
44 Filtration device 51 Separation means cover 61 Basket 62 Mounting frame
63 Rotating shaft
64 Support frame
65 Basket moving means
71 Temperature adjustment means 81 Recovery pipe 441 Filter 442 Pump 611 Frame frame
612 Wire mesh 613 Handle 614 Connecting member 651 Holding plate 652 Air cylinder 653 Rotating shaft

Claims (6)

A processor of waste containing a biodegradable resin, a mixture of a plastic-based and / or organic waste,
Using a decomposition solution containing a biodegradable enzyme, a decomposition tank for decomposing the biodegradable resin contained in the waste,
Non-decomposed material recovery means for recovering non-decomposed material in the decomposition tank;
A separation unit that has a filter and / or a centrifuge and separates the biodegradable enzyme and the decomposition product in the decomposition solution by retaining the separated biodegradable enzyme in the decomposition tank;
A recovery tank for recovering a decomposition solution containing a decomposition product of the biodegradable resin from which the biodegradable enzyme has been separated , and
The non-decomposed material recovery means is
A basket placed in the decomposition tank and into which waste to be supplied to the decomposition tank is charged;
A lifting device for lifting and lowering the basket;
A turning device for turning the basket raised above the decomposition tank by the lifting device,
At a predetermined timing when the biodegradable resin of the waste thrown into the basket is decomposed, the basket is lifted by the lifting device and rotated by the rotating device. Decomposition products are discharged,
An apparatus for treating waste containing biodegradable resin, wherein the basket from which undecomposed matter has been discharged is returned to the decomposition tank by the operation of the rotating device and the lifting device. It said basket, processor waste containing biodegradable resin according to claim 1, characterized in Rukoto formed by using a wire mesh having a fine mesh than the particle size of the milled the waste. The waste recovery apparatus containing a biodegradable resin according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the recovery tank is a fermenter for fermenting the decomposition product. The raw material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising a communication member that transfers the decomposition product from the decomposition tank to the recovery tank, and the communication member is provided with a temperature adjusting means. Waste treatment equipment containing degradable resin. The processing apparatus of the waste containing the biodegradable resin as described in any one of Claims 1-4 provided with the grinding | pulverization means which grind | pulverizes the waste supplied to the said decomposition tank. The biodegradable resin according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , further comprising a decomposition inhibitor removal means for removing a decomposition inhibitor from the waste supplied to the decomposition tank. Waste treatment equipment.

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