JP5702123B2 - Power generation system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation system that generates an induced voltage in a stator coil by the rotation of a rotor in which a permanent magnet is arranged.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a generator that includes a rotor having a large number of magnets and a stator having a stator coil and generates an induced voltage in the stator coil by rotating the rotor is known.
For example, (Patent Document 1) states that “a disk-shaped rotor in which a plurality of permanent magnets are provided in an annular array, and an annular array so that the rotation track surface of the permanent magnet is sandwiched from both sides with a gap. A power generation device including a coreless coil that is disposed and a magnet wheel that is disposed between the coreless coils and is formed to be rotatable is disclosed.
(Patent Document 2) states that “a magnetic pole rotor in which N magnetic poles and S magnetic poles forming field poles are alternately arranged, a stator pole in which a stator coil is wound around a stator iron core, A generator including a rectifier circuit connected to each stator coil group that generates an AC electromotive force having the same phase as the rotor rotates is disclosed.

  (Patent Document 3) states that “a plurality of permanent magnet units arranged along the outer periphery of the rotor, a plurality of cores arranged outside the permanent magnet unit, a coil wound around the core, A generator comprising: a rectifier that converts an AC voltage output from the coil into a DC voltage; and a storage battery that receives and stores the DC voltage output from the rectifier, and is output by the storage battery. A power generation system that supplies a part of the voltage to the load and supplies a part of the voltage output from the storage battery as an input voltage to a motor that gives a rotational driving force to the rotor is disclosed. In addition, in the paragraph [0032], FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 of the specification, as an embodiment, a pipe (56) made of paramagnetic material such as soft iron along a circular locus drawn by the upper end surface of the permanent magnet unit. It is described that is provided.

  (Patent Document 4) states that “a plurality of permanent magnet units arranged along the outer periphery of the rotor, a plurality of cores arranged outside the permanent magnet unit, a coil wound around the core, A generator comprising: a rectifier that converts an AC voltage output from the coil into a DC voltage; a capacitor that stores electric charge based on the output voltage of the rectifier; and an ON / OFF connected between the capacitor and the storage battery. A gate circuit that switches off and discharges the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor to the storage battery, and supplies a part of the voltage output by the storage battery to a load and a part of the voltage output from the storage battery Is generated as an input voltage to a motor that gives a rotational driving force to the rotor. Further, in the paragraph [0033], FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 of the specification, as an embodiment, a pipe (56) made of paramagnetic material such as soft iron along a circular locus drawn by the upper end surface of the permanent magnet unit. It is described that is provided. Further, in the paragraph [0051] and FIG. 4 of the specification, the first relay switch (11) is connected in series between the coil (54) and the transformer (3) or the rectifier (4). In paragraph [0055] of the specification, it is described that the first relay switch (11) is switched on / off in synchronization with the reverse phase of the gate circuit (15).

WO2003 / 094329 JP 2006-191790 A JP 2008-220120 A JP 2008-245420 A

However, the above conventional techniques have the following problems.
(1) In the technique disclosed in (Patent Document 1), since the magnet wheel formed to be rotatable is provided between the coreless coils, there is a problem that the structure is complicated and maintenance is complicated.
(2) In the technique disclosed in (Patent Document 2), the load current of the drive motor is 5.1 A (AC) in paragraphs [0083] to [0088] of FIGS. ), An example in which the output voltage of the generator is 292.6 V (DC) and the output current is 10.36 A (DC) is described, which indicates that the power generation efficiency is high. However, in this embodiment, since an electromagnet is used for the magnetic pole rotor of the generator, electric power for excitation is required. In the case of the present embodiment, as described in the paragraph [0084], the applied voltage to the coil is about 50 V and the current is 3 A, so that about 150 W of power is consumed. There has been a problem that the power generation efficiency of the generator decreases due to the power consumption for this excitation. In addition, when an electromagnet is used for the magnetic pole rotor, a power supply circuit for excitation is required, and an electrical contact such as a slip ring and a brush for guiding current from the power supply circuit to the magnetic pole rotor is also required. However, it has a problem that it is complicated and maintenance is complicated.
(3) The technology disclosed in (Patent Document 3) and (Patent Document 4) is a power generation system using a synchronous generator using a permanent magnet for a magnetic pole rotor without using an electromagnet. However, it has been found that in a generator in which an electromagnet is simply replaced with a permanent magnet, the load current of the drive motor that rotates the magnetic pole rotor is significantly increased when the magnetic pole rotor is rotated. Hereinafter, this phenomenon will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining the principle of a conventional synchronous generator using a permanent magnet.
In the figure, 100 is a permanent magnet disposed on a magnetic pole rotor (not shown), 101 is an end face of the permanent magnet 100, 102 is a core, 103 is a facing face of the core 102 facing the end face 101 of the permanent magnet 100, and 104 is a core 102. A wound stator coil, 105 is a core disposed along the rotation direction of the rotor indicated by an arrow next to the core 102, 106 is a facing surface of the core 105 facing the end surface 101 of the permanent magnet 100, and 107 is a core 105 It is a stator coil wound around.
In the synchronous generator configured as described above, when a magnetic pole rotor (not shown) on which the permanent magnet 100 is arranged is rotated, the magnetic rotor exits from the end face 101 of the permanent magnet 100 (referred to as the N magnetic pole) and is guided to the cores 102 and 105. As the magnetic flux changes, a current in the direction indicated by the arrow is generated in the stator coil 104 from which the permanent magnet 100 is separated, and the facing surface 103 of the core 102 becomes an S magnetic pole due to the current generated in the stator coil 104. On the other hand, a current in a direction indicated by an arrow is generated in the stator coil 107 approaching the permanent magnet 100, and the facing surface 106 of the core 105 becomes an N magnetic pole due to the current generated in the stator coil 107. As a result, the permanent magnet 100 receives a repulsive force from the core 105 while the end surface 101 approaches the facing surface 106 of the core 105, but the direction of the current flowing through the stator coil 107 changes as soon as it passes through the facing surface 106. The opposed surface 106 of the core 105 becomes an S magnetic pole and receives a strong attractive force from the core 105. As a result, the rotational load torque of the magnetic pole rotor is increased, and the load current of the drive motor that rotates the magnetic pole rotor is significantly increased. As a result, the power consumption for rotating the magnetic pole rotor is remarkably increased, and the power generation efficiency of the generator is greatly reduced.
Thus, in order to consume a large amount of power to rotate the magnetic pole rotor, as described in Patent Documents 3 and 4, the output voltage of the generator is charged to the storage battery, and this voltage is used to drive the load and the rotor. When supplied to both motors, the amount of power generation is significantly reduced, and the efficiency of power generation is lacking.

(4) (Patent Document 3) and (Patent Document 4) describe that a pipe (56) made of a paramagnetic material such as soft iron is provided along a circular locus drawn by the upper end surface of the permanent magnet unit. Has been. Since soft iron is a ferromagnetic material, the descriptions of “pipes made of paramagnetic material such as soft iron” in Patent Documents 3 and 4 indicate whether the pipe is made of soft iron or paramagnetic material. It is unknown. If the pipe is made of ferromagnetic soft iron, the opposite direction magnetic flux from the first permanent magnet unit and the second permanent magnet unit flows through the high permeability pipe, and the magnetic flux is canceled out. Since no magnetic flux flows through the stator coil and no electromotive force is generated in the stator coil, power cannot be generated. Also, if the pipe is formed of a paramagnetic material, the paramagnetic material is weakly magnetized in a specific direction by the magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet, and is opposed to the first permanent magnet unit and the second permanent magnet unit. The magnetic flux flowing through the pipe reduces the density of the magnetic flux introduced into the core, and the electromotive force generated in the stator coil is small. As described above, if a “pipe made of paramagnetic material such as soft iron” is provided on the upper end surface of the permanent magnet unit, the electric power obtained by the generator is small, so the rotor is driven by the electric power obtained by the generator. Since the power consumption is large, the voltage of the storage battery falls below the rotor drive voltage in a short period of time. Thus, when the output voltage of the generator is charged to the storage battery and this voltage is supplied to both the load and the drive motor of the rotor, there is a problem that the amount of power generation is significantly reduced and the efficiency of power generation is lacking. It was.

  The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and the repulsive force and attractive force received from the core when the permanent magnet passes through the facing surface of the core is small, and the rotor can be rotated with a slight driving force. The rotational load torque of the rotor can be reduced by balancing the attractive force and the repulsive force acting in the rotational direction of the rotor by the exciting magnetic force of the permanent magnet and the magnetic field magnetic force of the core. Interference between stator coils can be prevented, and power generated by adding power generated independently for each stator coil or each stator coil group can be obtained, so that the power generation output can be increased. The aim is to provide a power generation system with excellent flexibility that can be connected to different loads and storage batteries for each group, and can use and store each power. To.

In order to solve the above conventional problems, the power generation system of the present invention has the following configuration.
The power generation system according to claim 1, a rotor attached to a rotating shaft, a first field portion in which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged so that magnetic poles of end faces are alternately changed along the rotation direction of the rotor, A first magnetic flux shielding member fixed to an end surface of the permanent magnet, and a first opposing surface disposed at a distance from the first magnetic flux shielding member and facing the first magnetic flux shielding member via a gap at the end. A plurality of cores, each of which is magnetically insulated, and connected to a transformer or a rectifier for each coil wound around the core or for each coil group that generates an AC electromotive force in the same phase as the rotor rotates. A stator coil, a relay switch connected between the stator coil and the transformer or the rectifier, and a storage battery that receives and stores an output voltage of the transformer or the rectifier And the transformer Alternatively, a first capacitor that is connected in series between the rectifier and the storage battery and stores electric charge based on an output voltage of the transformer or the rectifier, and connected in series between the first capacitor and the storage battery. The first and second changeover switches, the second capacitor connected in parallel to the storage battery between the first and second changeover switches, and when the first changeover switch is on. Turns off the second changeover switch and stores the power stored in the first capacitor in the second capacitor . When the first changeover switch is off, the second changeover switch is turned on. a timer to switch alternately the second the stored electric power to the capacitor so that stored in the storage battery of the first and second changeover switches on and off in the, And it has a configuration including.
With this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The first magnetic flux shielding member fixed to the end face of the permanent magnet constituting the first field portion, and the first magnetic flux shielding member disposed at a distance from the first magnetic flux shielding member and facing the first magnetic flux shielding member at the end. A plurality of cores having one opposing surface and magnetically insulated from each other, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is guided to the first magnetic flux shielding member, and the magnetic flux emitted from the first magnetic flux shielding member is the core Led to. When the magnetic flux guided to the core changes due to the rotation of the rotor, electric current can flow through the stator coil by electromagnetic induction to generate power. On the other hand, since the magnetic flux directed straight from the end face of the permanent magnet to the core is reduced by being shielded by the first magnetic flux shielding member, the first magnetic flux shielding member is passed when the first magnetic flux shielding member passes through the first facing surface of the core. The suction force (force that inhibits rotation) received from the core is reduced. Thereby, the rotor can be rotated with a slight driving force, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.
(2) Furthermore, since each coil group wound around the core or each coil group that generates an AC electromotive force having the same phase as the rotor rotates, a stator coil connected to a transformer or rectifier is provided. The rotational load torque of the rotor can be reduced by balancing the attractive force and the repulsive force acting in the rotation direction of the rotor by the exciting magnetic force and the magnetic field magnetic force of the core. Further, since interference between the stator coils can be prevented, it is possible to obtain power obtained by adding power generated independently for each stator coil or each stator coil group, and to increase the power generation output. Moreover, it connects to the load and storage battery which differ for every stator coil or every stator coil group, and can utilize or store each electric power, and is excellent in flexibility.
(3) A relay switch connected between the stator coil and the transformer or rectifier, a storage battery that inputs and stores the output voltage of the transformer or rectifier, and a series connection between the transformer or rectifier and the storage battery And a first capacitor for storing electric charge based on the output voltage of the transformer or rectifier, and by switching on / off of the relay switch, the AC output generated in the stator coil is supplied to the transformer or rectifier. Whether to input or not can be switched, the charge can be selectively stored in the first capacitor, and the controllability of the output voltage is excellent.
(4) Since the first capacitor that is connected in series between the transformer or rectifier and the storage battery and accumulates electric charge based on the output voltage of the transformer or rectifier is provided, the voltage of the electric power generated by the generator is Transform with a transformer or rectify with a rectifier, the charge can be stored in the first capacitor, and can be output later with a larger voltage and larger current than the output of the transformer or rectifier, The power generation output can be increased, and the power use efficiency is excellent.
(5) The first and second changeover switches connected in series between the first capacitor and the storage battery, and the second connected in parallel to the storage battery between the first and second changeover switches. When the first changeover switch is on, the second changeover switch is turned off, and when the first changeover switch is off, the second changeover switch is turned on. And a timer for alternately switching on and off of the changeover switch, so that by turning on the first changeover switch and turning off the second changeover switch, the first capacitor and the second capacitor Between the second capacitor and the storage battery, and the power stored in the first capacitor is securely connected to the second capacitor without being affected by the storage battery. And then turning off the first changeover switch and turning on the second changeover switch, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are disconnected, and the second capacitor and Connected to the storage battery, the power stored in the second capacitor can be discharged with a large current and stored in the storage battery without being affected by the generator or the first capacitor. Sometimes, power can be exchanged reliably and efficiently, charging and discharging are highly reliable and efficient, and the generated power is effectively used.
(6) Since the second capacitor connected in parallel to the storage battery is provided between the first and second changeover switches connected in series between the first capacitor and the storage battery, the generator When power is not being generated by or while the first capacitor is accumulating electric charge, turning the first changeover switch off and turning on the second changeover switch enables the storage battery from the second capacitor It is possible to store the energy in the power supply and is excellent in the stability and certainty of the power supply.

Here, as the rotor, one formed in a columnar shape such as a columnar shape or a polygonal column shape, a plate shape, or the like can be used. For the rotor formed in a columnar shape, a permanent magnet can be arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor. For a rotor formed in a plate shape, a permanent magnet can be arranged on the flat plate surface of the rotor.
The rotor can be coupled to a rotary drive device such as a drive motor. It can also be connected to a windmill or water turbine. The rotor can be rotated to generate electric power by the driving force of the rotary drive device, wind power, or hydraulic power. Thereby, it can use as a generator mounted in a motor vehicle, a ship, a railway, an aircraft, a construction machine, etc. It can also be used as a generator for private power generation that supplies power to factories, stores, houses, and the like.

As the permanent magnet, an alnico magnet, a ferrite magnet, a Fe—Cr—Co magnet, a samarium-based magnet, a neodymium-based rare-earth magnet, or the like can be appropriately selected according to the power generation output. In order to obtain a large output, it is preferable to use a rare earth magnet having a large magnetic flux density and a large coercive force, particularly a neodymium permanent magnet.
As the permanent magnet, a single member formed in a lump shape or the like can be used. Moreover, what laminated | stacked several plate-shaped permanent magnets and can also be used can be used. The shape of the end face of the permanent magnet is not particularly limited, and various shapes such as a rectangular shape and a circular shape can be adopted.
A plurality of permanent magnets are arranged on the outer peripheral surface or flat plate surface of the rotor so that the magnetic poles on the end faces are alternately different, thereby forming the first field portion.

As the first magnetic flux shielding member, a ferromagnetic material such as iron, silicon iron, permalloy, ferrite, and alnico alloy (Fe—Al—Ni—Co alloy), which is formed in a lump shape, a plate shape, or the like is used. it can. Either a hard magnetic material or a soft magnetic material can be used, and a magnetized material can also be used. The magnetized first magnetic flux shielding member can be either anisotropic or isotropic. However, when the anisotropic first magnetic flux shielding member is used, the orientation direction is the rotational direction of the rotor. It is desirable to fix the first magnetic flux shielding member to the permanent magnet so as to face along. This is because the leakage magnetic flux connecting the adjacent first magnetic flux shielding members along the rotation direction can be increased and the rotational load torque of the rotor can be decreased.
One thick magnetic flux shielding member can be fixed to the end face of the permanent magnet. Further, a plurality of thin first magnetic flux shielding members can be stacked and fixed to the end face of the permanent magnet.
The material of the first magnetic flux shielding member can be appropriately selected according to the type of permanent magnet. This is because the magnetic permeability of the first magnetic flux shielding member changes depending on the material, the magnetic flux density causing magnetic saturation changes, and a leakage magnetic flux is generated. In particular, among the first magnetic flux shielding members whose coercive force is smaller than the coercive force of the permanent magnet material, the one having the largest possible coercive force is used. For example, when a rare earth magnet is used as the permanent magnet, a ferromagnetic material such as ferrite or alnico alloy is preferably used. Further, a magnetized ferromagnetic material such as a ferrite magnet or an alnico magnet that is magnetized on the ferromagnetic material is preferably used. This is because the density of magnetic flux emitted from the first magnetic flux shielding member can be increased and the output of power generation can be increased.
The size of the first magnetic flux shielding member may be smaller than the end surface of the permanent magnet and cover a part of the end surface, but is preferably the same size as the end surface or larger. This is because the end face of the permanent magnet is completely covered, so that almost all of the magnetic flux emitted from the end face enters the first magnetic flux shielding member.
By appropriately selecting the material, shape, size, thickness, number, etc. of the first magnetic flux shielding member, it is possible to design the repulsive force and attractive force that the first magnetic flux shielding member receives from the core and the amount of current generated in the stator core. it can.
The first magnetic flux shielding member can be fixed in close contact with the end face of the permanent magnet. Further, it can be fixed with an appropriate interval without being in close contact with the end face. As a means for fixing, a fastening member such as a bolt or an adhesive can be used. In addition, the permanent magnet and the first magnetic flux shielding member can be accommodated in a case made of synthetic resin or the like.

The shape of the surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member facing the first facing surface of the core is preferably designed according to the shape of the rotating raceway surface of the end surface of the permanent magnet. This is because the magnetic flux emitted from the first magnetic flux shielding member is made uniform. Specifically, when a permanent magnet is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of a rotor formed in a columnar shape, the rotational orbital surface of the end surface of the permanent magnet becomes a three-dimensional annular band surface, and therefore the first magnetic flux shielding member The surface is preferably formed in a curved shape or a mountain shape protruding from the central portion. In addition, when the permanent magnet is disposed on the flat plate surface of the rotor formed in a plate shape, the surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member is flat because the rotating raceway surface of the end surface of the permanent magnet is a flat annular shape. It is preferable to form in a shape.
The core is attached to a casing formed of a non-magnetic material such as aluminum, stainless steel, or brass, or a synthetic resin, and is magnetically insulated.

An interval (gap) between the first magnetic flux shielding member and the first facing surface facing the first magnetic flux shielding member affects power generation efficiency. By reducing the interval (gap), the power generation efficiency can be improved, and the power generation amount can be increased even when the rotational speed is low. For this reason, it is desirable to provide an interval adjusting means for adjusting the interval between the first magnetic flux shielding member and the first facing surface. When assembling the generator by arranging the core outside the first field part, by adjusting the interval between the first magnetic flux shielding member and the first facing surface within a predetermined range using the interval adjusting means, This is because the power generation efficiency can be increased.
The distance adjusting means has a drive mechanism such as an electric type, a hydraulic type, a mechanical type, and the permanent magnet and the core are movable in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction so that the distance between the first magnetic flux shielding member and the first facing surface The one that adjusts is used.

A rotor side magnetic flux shielding member is preferably fixed to the other end surface of the permanent magnet. By having the rotor side magnetic flux shielding member, the leakage magnetic flux can be suppressed and the magnetic flux density at the end of the first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member can be increased. It is because it can raise.
As the rotor-side magnetic flux shielding member, a ferromagnetic material such as iron, silicon iron, permalloy, ferrite, and alnico alloy that is formed in a plate shape or the like can be used as in the first magnetic flux shielding member described above. . Although it can be fixed to the outer surface of the rotor, a part of the outer surface of the rotor may be formed of a ferromagnetic material such as iron, silicon iron, and permalloy.
When the second field part is disposed, the other end face of the permanent magnet of the first field part and the other end face of the permanent magnet of the second field part are formed on both end sides of one rotor-side magnetic flux shielding member. Can be fixed. Thereby, demagnetization of the permanent magnet can be further suppressed.

A conventionally known transformer, current transformer, or the like can be used as the transformer, and the voltage can be lowered to a desired voltage by connecting the stator coil to the transformer. AC voltage generated for each stator coil or each stator coil group is transformed into a desired AC voltage and supplied to a load circuit or the like without being interfered with AC voltage generated in other stator coils or stator coil groups. The power obtained by adding the power generated independently for each stator coil or each stator coil group can be obtained.
As the rectifier, a conventionally known thyristor, diode, or the like can be used, and alternating current can be converted into direct current by connecting the rectifier to the stator coil. A power conversion device combining a rectifier and an inverter can also be used. The alternating current generated for each stator coil or each stator coil group is converted into a desired direct current without being interfered with the alternating current generated in other stator coils or stator coil groups, and is supplied to a load circuit or a storage battery. Therefore, it is possible to obtain electric power obtained by adding electric power generated independently for each stator coil or each stator coil group.
A transformer and a rectifier can be used in combination.
The relay switch is connected between the stator coil and the transformer or rectifier. When both the transformer and the rectifier are provided, the relay switch is connected between the stator coil and the transformer, and between the stator coil and the rectifier. One may be connected to each. The relay switch can be switched on / off every predetermined time according to a signal supplied from the timer every predetermined time.

As the first and second capacitors, aluminum electrolytic capacitors or the like that can store a large amount of charges are preferably used.
The first and second two change-over switches only need to be able to independently switch the presence or absence of electrical connection between the first capacitor and the second capacitor and between the second capacitor and the storage battery, respectively. . The first and second changeover switches are connected in series between the first capacitor and the storage battery, and the second capacitor is connected in parallel to the storage battery between the two changeover switches. The timer switches the two changeover switches on and off at predetermined time intervals, but the two changeover switches are turned on and off in synchronization with each other in reverse phase. That is, when the first changeover switch connected between the first capacitor and the second capacitor is on, the second changeover switch connected between the second capacitor and the storage battery is turned off. When the first changeover switch connected between the first capacitor and the second capacitor is off, the second changeover switch connected between the second capacitor and the storage battery is turned on. As a result, the power stored in the first capacitor can be stored in the second capacitor while the first switch is on and the second switch is off. At this time, since the second changeover switch is OFF, the second capacitor is not discharged and the storage battery is not charged. After that, when the first changeover switch is turned off and the second changeover switch is turned on, the charge accumulated in the second capacitor is discharged at once, and a large voltage and large current are output to charge the storage battery. Is done. At this time, since the first changeover switch is turned off, charging from the first capacitor to the second capacitor is not performed during discharging of the second capacitor.

The invention according to claim 2 is the power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the transformer is connected to the stator coil, and is connected in parallel between the stator coil and the transformer as the relay switch. And a first relay switch for short-circuiting the stator coil.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in the first aspect, the following operation can be obtained.
(1) Since the transformer is connected to the stator coil and the first relay switch is connected as a relay switch in parallel between the stator coil and the transformer to short-circuit the stator coil, the first relay switch When it is off, the AC output generated in the stator coil can be input to the transformer. When the first relay switch is on, the stator coil is short-circuited, so the AC output generated in the stator coil is not input to the transformer, and a short-circuit current flows through the stator coil in a delayed phase. As a result, the lines of magnetic force passing through the stator coil are reduced, and the leakage magnetic flux connecting the adjacent first magnetic flux shielding members is increased. Therefore, the attractive force (force that inhibits rotation) received by the first magnetic flux shielding member from the core is increased. As a result, the rotational load torque of the rotor can be reduced. As a result, since the rotor can be rotated with a small driving force during a period that does not contribute to charging when the first relay switch is on, power consumption for rotating the rotor is suppressed and power generation efficiency is improved. be able to.

The invention according to claim 3 is the power generation system according to claim 2, wherein the rectifier is connected in series between the transformer and the first capacitor, and the first switch is used as the relay switch. In addition to the relay switch, a second relay switch connected in series between the transformer and the rectifier is provided.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in the second aspect, the following operation can be obtained.
(1) A second relay switch in which a rectifier is connected in series between the transformer and the first capacitor, and is connected in series between the transformer and the rectifier in addition to the first relay switch as a relay switch. Therefore, when the first relay switch is turned off and the second relay switch is turned on, the AC voltage generated by the generator is input to the transformer and stepped down and converted to DC via the rectifier. And accumulated in the first capacitor. At this time, if the first changeover switch is turned off and the second changeover switch is turned on in synchronization therewith, the first capacitor being charged is not discharged, and the power generated by the generator is not wasted. Accumulated in the first capacitor reliably and efficiently, it can be prevented that power is wasted, and the efficiency of power generation and charging is excellent.

Invention of Claim 4 is a power generation system of Claim 3, Comprising: It has a gate circuit connected in series between a said 1st capacitor | condenser and a said 1st changeover switch,
The timer is connected to the first and second relay switches and the gate circuit, and turns off the gate circuit when the first relay switch is off and the second relay switch is on, The gate circuit is synchronized to be turned on when one relay switch is on and the second relay switch is off.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in the third aspect, the following operation can be obtained.
(1) It has a gate circuit connected in series between the first capacitor and the first changeover switch, the timer is connected to the first and second relay switches and the gate circuit, and the first relay Since the gate circuit is synchronized to be turned off when the switch is off and the second relay switch is on, the first and second switching are performed when the charge output from the rectifier is stored in the first capacitor. Regardless of whether the switch is on or off, the first capacitor does not discharge, and the power output from the generator can be reliably accumulated in the first capacitor without waste. By turning off one changeover switch and turning on the second changeover switch, the charge stored in the second capacitor can be discharged and charged to the storage battery. Flexibility of the stability of charging and discharging operations, excellent reliability.
(2) having a gate circuit connected in series between the first capacitor and the first changeover switch, the timer being connected to the first and second relay switches and the gate circuit, the first relay Since the gate circuit is synchronized to turn on when the switch is on and the second relay switch is off, the first capacitor is based on the voltage generated by the generator during the discharge from the first capacitor. In other words, the battery is not charged, wasteful power generation is not performed, power is prevented from being consumed wastefully, the amount of generated heat can be reduced, and power generation efficiency is excellent.

  Here, the timing of switching on / off of the first and second relay switches and the gate circuit and the timing of switching on / off of the first and second switching switches are controlled by synchronizing with a timer. In addition, the power on / off and the charging / discharging on / off timing of each part can be accurately synchronized to perform efficient power generation and charge / discharge control without waste. Excellent stability.

The invention according to claim 5 is the power generation system according to claim 4, wherein the first changeover switch is turned on and the second changeover switch is turned off when the gate circuit is on. have.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in the fourth aspect, the following operation can be obtained.
(1) By turning on the first changeover switch and turning off the second changeover switch when the gate circuit is on, the charge stored in the first capacitor in advance can be efficiently and without leaking. It can be stored in a capacitor to prepare for charging of a storage battery, and is excellent in reliability of charge / discharge control, charge / discharge efficiency, and stability.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is the power generation system according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the gap between the first magnetic flux shielding member of the generator and the first facing surface of the core. However, it has the structure formed so that it might become asymmetrical with respect to the centerline of the said permanent magnet along the rotation direction of the said rotor.
With this configuration, in addition to the action obtained in any one of claims 1 to 5, the following action is obtained.
(1) When the gap is formed so as to be asymmetric with respect to the center line of the permanent magnet along the rotation direction of the rotor, the magnetic flux density is large on the small gap side and gradually decreases toward the large gap side. Therefore, the magnetic flux is asymmetrically dispersed. For this reason, when the rotor rotates, the repulsive force and attractive force (force that impedes rotation) received by the first field part from the core is reduced, and the rotor can be rotated with a slight driving force. Can be improved.
(2) The magnetic flux density at both ends of the first magnetic flux shielding member in the rotational direction of the rotor (both ends in the rotational direction of the first magnetic flux shielding member) is larger than the region excluding both ends of the first magnetic flux shielding member. The magnetic flux density in the region excluding the portion tends to gradually decrease from the small gap side toward the large side. The repulsive force and attractive force (force that impedes rotation) received by the first magnetic field portion from the core can be effectively reduced, and the power generation efficiency is excellent.

Here, the gap is formed so as to be asymmetric with respect to the center line of the permanent magnet along the rotation direction of the rotor. The surface facing the core of the first magnetic flux shielding member is formed in a protruding shape or a recessed shape. And it can implement | achieve by shifting a convex part and a concave part (protrusive top part or concave bottom part) to the rotation direction lag side or the rotation direction advance side with respect to the centerline of a permanent magnet. As a result, the magnetic flux density of the first magnetic flux shielding member becomes asymmetric with respect to the center line of the permanent magnet, and gradually (continuously) increases / decreases along the rotation direction of the rotor, and smooth rotation is performed with a slight driving force. , Make efficient power generation.
Among these, the surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member that faces the core is formed in a projecting shape, and the projecting portion is shifted in the rotational direction advance side with respect to the center line of the permanent magnet. Thereby, the magnetic flux density of the first magnetic flux shielding member gradually decreases from the rotation direction advance side to the rotation direction delay side, and further, due to a short circuit current that flows in a delayed phase to the stator coil when the first relay switch is on, The magnetic field lines passing through the stator coil are remarkably reduced, and the leakage magnetic flux connecting the adjacent first magnetic flux shielding members is remarkably increased, so that not only the driving force of the rotor is reduced when the first relay switch is on. The rotation of the rotor can be assisted to increase the rotational speed of the rotor more than when the first relay switch is off. As a result, when the first relay switch is turned off, the output of power generation can be increased by the inertial force of the rotation of the rotor.

  In addition, the area of the 1st magnetic flux shielding member and the 1st opposing surface of a core can also be made asymmetric like a gap. This is to adjust the repulsive force and attractive force (force that inhibits rotation) received from the core by changing the distribution of magnetic flux.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is the power generation system according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein an outer peripheral portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member of the generator is an outer periphery of an end surface of the permanent magnet. It has the structure which protruded on the outer side of the part.
With this configuration, in addition to the action obtained in any one of claims 1 to 6, the following action is obtained.
(1) Since the outer peripheral part of the first magnetic flux shielding member protrudes outside the outer peripheral part of the end face of the permanent magnet, the magnetic flux is concentrated on the outer peripheral part of the first magnetic flux shielding member, and the first magnetic flux shielding from the end face of the permanent magnet. Since the magnetic flux passing through the member toward the core is reduced, when the first magnetic flux shielding member passes through the first facing surface of the core, the first magnetic flux shielding member generates an attractive force (a force that inhibits rotation) from the core. The receiving time is shortened, the rotor can be rotated with a slight driving force, and the power generation efficiency can be greatly improved.

Here, the direction in which the outer peripheral portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member protrudes outside the outer peripheral portion of the end surface of the permanent magnet is preferably along the rotational direction (rotating track surface) of the permanent magnet. The first magnetic flux shielding member receives a repulsive force or attractive force from the core because it is in a direction along the rotational direction of the permanent magnet.
The overhanging length of the outer peripheral portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member is appropriately set in a range that does not contact the adjacent first magnetic flux shielding member, but the rotation direction of the permanent magnet in each of the front and rear of the rotation direction 1/3 to 1 times the length of the end face is preferably used. This is because, when the overhang length is shorter than 1/3 times or longer than 1 time, the electromotive force generated in the stator coil tends to decrease.
In addition, the overhang | projection length of the outer peripheral part of a 1st magnetic flux shielding member may be the same length, or may differ in each of the front and back of the rotation direction of a permanent magnet.

Invention of Claim 8 is the electric power generation system of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 7, Comprising: The magnetic pole of an end surface changes alternately along the rotation direction of the rotor of the generator, and A second field part arranged in parallel with the first field part so that the magnetic poles of the end faces of the permanent magnets arranged at positions substantially orthogonal to the rotation direction of the rotor are different, and the second field part A second magnetic flux shielding member fixed to an end surface; and a second opposing surface formed at the other end of the first opposing surface of the core and opposing the second magnetic flux shielding member; and a rotational direction of the rotor A field-side centerline connecting the center of the end face of the permanent magnet of the first field portion and the center of the end face of the permanent magnet of the second field portion, disposed at a substantially orthogonal position, and the first facing surface A shift angle α is formed between the center of the core and the center side line connecting the center of the second facing surface. It has formed.
With this configuration, in addition to the action obtained in any one of claims 1 to 7, the following action is obtained.
(1) A field-side center line connecting the center of the end face of the permanent magnet of the first field part and the center of the end face of the permanent magnet of the second field part, and the center of the first opposing face and the second opposing face Since the shift angle α is formed between the core and the center line connecting the center, when the first field part receives an attractive force (or repulsive force) from the core due to the rotation of the rotor, The second field part receives a repulsive force (or attractive force) from the core, and the magnetic field magnetic force of the core that inhibits the rotation of the rotor at any phase of the rotor can be reduced, and the rotational load torque of the rotor can be reduced. It can be reduced.

  Here, since the permanent magnet and the second magnetic flux shielding member in the second field part are the same as the permanent magnet and the second magnetic flux shielding member in the first field part, description thereof is omitted. Further, the gap between the second magnetic flux shielding member and the second opposing surface of the core is also the same as the gap between the first magnetic flux shielding member and the first opposing surface of the core, and the description thereof is omitted.

The shift angle α is a field side center connecting the center of the end face of the permanent magnet of the first field portion and the center of the end face of the permanent magnet of the second field portion, which is arranged at a position substantially orthogonal to the rotational direction of the rotor. A core-side center line connecting the center of the first opposing surface and the center of the second opposing surface, and placing the projection plane between the central axis of the rotor and the field-side center line, When the field side center line and the arbitrary point on the core side center line are connected by a straight line (projection line) with the axis as the viewpoint, the field side center line in the projection view formed on the projection plane This is the angle between the core side center line.
As the shift angle α, 1 to 20 °, preferably 3 to 10 ° is suitably used. As the shift angle α becomes smaller than 3 °, cocking (a phenomenon in which the rotating operation of the rotor becomes jerky) is likely to occur due to the attractive force and repulsive force received by the first field portion and the second field portion due to the magnetic field magnetic force of the core. At the same time, there is a tendency for the effect of reducing the rotational load torque to decrease, and as the angle exceeds 10 °, a phase difference occurs in the current generated in the stator coil, and the output current tends to decrease. In particular, when the angle is smaller than 1 ° or larger than 20 °, these tendencies become remarkable, so that neither is preferable.

The invention according to claim 9 is the power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a bottom surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member of the generator is in close contact with an end surface of the permanent magnet. It has a configuration.
With this configuration, in addition to the action obtained in any one of claims 1 to 8, the following action is obtained.
(1) Since the bottom surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member is in close contact with the end surface of the permanent magnet, almost all the magnetic flux emitted from the end surface of the permanent magnet is guided to the first magnetic flux shielding member, and leakage magnetic flux is hardly generated. Therefore, the magnetic flux density at the end of the first magnetic flux shielding member can be increased, the magnetic flux density guided to the core can be increased, and the power generation output can be increased.

  Here, as with the bottom surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member, the bottom surface of the second magnetic flux shielding member is preferably brought into close contact with the end surface of the permanent magnet.

A tenth aspect of the present invention is the power generation system according to the ninth aspect, wherein a recess is formed on a bottom surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member of the generator, and an end surface of the permanent magnet is accommodated in the recess. It has the structure which was made.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in the ninth aspect, the following operation can be obtained.
(1) Since the concave portion is formed on the bottom surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member and the end surface of the permanent magnet is accommodated in the concave portion, the tip and the peripheral edge of the permanent magnet can be covered with the first magnetic flux shielding member, Since the magnetic flux emitted from the end face and peripheral edge of the permanent magnet can be reliably guided to the first magnetic flux shielding member without leakage, no leakage magnetic flux is generated, and the magnetic flux density of the outer peripheral portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member is increased, The magnetic flux density guided to the core can be increased efficiently, and the power generation output can be greatly increased.

  Here, the concave portion is formed on the bottom surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member, and the end surface of the permanent magnet is accommodated in the concave portion, so that the outer peripheral portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member is the permanent magnet as described in claim 3. The magnetic flux is concentrated on the outer peripheral portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member so that the magnetic flux passing from the end surface of the permanent magnet to the core through the first magnetic flux shielding member is reduced. When the magnetic flux shielding member passes through the first facing surface of the core, the time for the first magnetic flux shielding member to receive the attractive force (force that inhibits rotation) from the core is shortened, and the rotor is rotated with a slight driving force. Power generation efficiency can be greatly improved. In addition, it is preferable that the bottom surface of the second magnetic flux shielding member is also formed with a concave portion and the end surface of the permanent magnet is accommodated in the concave portion, similarly to the bottom surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member.

As described above, according to the power generation system of the present invention, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
According to the invention of claim 1,
(1) By turning on the first changeover switch and turning off the second changeover switch, a connection state is established between the first capacitor and the second capacitor, and between the second capacitor and the storage battery. In the non-connected state, the power stored in the first capacitor is securely stored in the second capacitor without being affected by the storage battery, the first switch is turned off, and the second switch is By turning on, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are disconnected, the second capacitor and the storage battery are connected, and the effects of the generator and the first capacitor are reduced. The power stored in the second capacitor without being received can be discharged with a large current and stored in the storage battery, and the power can be exchanged reliably and efficiently during charging and discharging. Excellent efficiency, can provide a power generation system which is excellent in the effective utilization of generated electric power.
(2) By turning off the first changeover switch and turning on the second changeover switch when the generator is not generating power or while the electric charge is being accumulated in the first capacitor, A power generation system that can store power in the storage battery from the second capacitor and is excellent in stability and certainty of power supply can be provided.

According to invention of Claim 2, in addition to the effect of Claim 1,
(1) When the first relay switch is ON, the stator coil is short-circuited, and the AC output generated in the stator coil is not input to the transformer or rectifier, and the short-circuit current flows in the stator coil in a delayed phase. The lines of magnetic force passing through the inside decrease and the leakage magnetic flux connecting the adjacent first magnetic flux shielding members increases, so that the attractive force (force that inhibits rotation) received by the first magnetic flux shielding member from the core decreases, The rotational load torque can be reduced, and the rotor can be driven to rotate because the rotor can be rotated with a smaller driving force than during charging during periods when the first relay switch does not contribute to charging. It is possible to provide a power generation system that can reduce power consumption and improve power generation efficiency.

According to invention of Claim 3, in addition to the effect of Claim 2,
(1) When the first relay switch is turned off, the second relay switch is turned on, and the electric charge is accumulated in the first capacitor from the generator, the first changeover switch is turned off, and in synchronization therewith. By turning on the second selector switch, the first capacitor being charged is not discharged, and the power generated by the generator is reliably and efficiently stored in the first capacitor without waste. Can be prevented from being wasted, and a power generation system having excellent power generation and charging efficiency can be provided.

According to invention of Claim 4, in addition to the effect of Claim 3,
(1) When the power generated by the generator is stored in the first capacitor, the first capacitor does not discharge regardless of whether the first and second changeover switches are on or off. The power output from the machine can be reliably accumulated in the first capacitor without waste, and if necessary, the first changeover switch is turned off and the second changeover switch is turned on, so that the second The charge stored in the capacitor can be discharged to charge the storage battery, which not only provides excellent charge / discharge control stability, stability of charge / discharge operation, and reliability, but also when discharging from the first capacitor. Since the first capacitor is not charged based on the power generated by the generator, useless power generation is not performed, power is not consumed wastefully, and the amount of generated heat can be reduced. so It can provide an extremely efficient power generation can be charged, power generation efficiency, the power generation system which is excellent in the effective utilization of the power.

According to invention of Claim 5, in addition to the effect of Claim 4,
(1) The charge accumulated in the first capacitor in advance can be efficiently accumulated in the second capacitor without leakage to prepare for charging the storage battery, the reliability of charge / discharge control, the efficiency of charge / discharge, A power generation system with excellent stability can be provided.

According to invention of Claim 6, in addition to the effect of any one of Claims 1 to 5,
(1) The magnetic flux density at both ends of the first magnetic flux shielding member in the rotation direction of the rotor is larger than the region excluding both ends, and in the region excluding both ends, the magnetic flux density is from the end side where the gap is small to the other end. Since the magnetic flux is in a dispersed state toward the part, the repulsive force and attractive force (force that impedes rotation) received by the first field part from the core is reduced, and with a slight driving force It is possible to provide a power generation system that can rotate the rotor and improve the power generation efficiency.

According to the invention described in claim 7, in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 6,
(1) Since the outer peripheral part of the first magnetic flux shielding member protrudes outside the outer peripheral part of the end face of the permanent magnet, the magnetic flux is concentrated on the outer peripheral part of the first magnetic flux shielding member, and the first magnetic flux from the end face of the permanent magnet. Since the magnetic flux that passes through the shielding member and travels toward the core is reduced, when the first magnetic flux shielding member passes the first facing surface of the core, the time for the first magnetic flux shielding member to receive a repulsive force or an attractive force from the core. Since the length is shortened, it is possible to provide a power generation system capable of rotating the rotor with a slight driving force and greatly improving the power generation efficiency.

According to the invention described in claim 8, in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 7,
(1) A field-side center line connecting the center of the end face of the permanent magnet of the first field portion and the center of the end face of the permanent magnet of the second field portion, and the center of the first facing surface and the second facing surface Since the shift angle α is formed between the core and the center line connecting the center, when the first field part receives an attractive force (or repulsive force) from the core due to the rotation of the rotor, The second field part receives a repulsive force (or attractive force) from the core, and the magnetic field magnetic force of the core that inhibits the rotation of the rotor at any phase of the rotor can be reduced, and the rotational load torque of the rotor can be reduced. A power generation system that can be reduced can be provided.

According to invention of Claim 9, in addition to the effect of any one of Claims 1 to 8,
(1) Almost all the magnetic flux emitted from the end face of the permanent magnet is guided to the first magnetic flux shielding member, and it is difficult for leakage magnetic flux to be generated. The magnetic flux density guided to the core together with the magnetic flux density at the end of the first magnetic flux shielding member. A power generation system that can increase the power generation output can be provided.

According to the invention described in claim 10, in addition to the effect of claim 9,
(1) The magnetic flux emitted from the end face and the peripheral portion of the permanent magnet is reliably guided to the first magnetic flux shielding member without leakage, and no leakage magnetic flux is generated, along with the magnetic flux density at the outer peripheral portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently increase the magnetic flux density led to the power generation, and to provide a power generation system that has high output and excellent power generation efficiency.

Configuration diagram of power generation system of Embodiment 1 Side view of the generator in the power generation system of the first embodiment AA line sectional view of FIG. Front view of the generator in the power generation system of the first embodiment The schematic diagram which shows the principle of the generator in the electric power generation system of Embodiment 1. FIG. The schematic diagram which shows the principle of the generator of the modification in the electric power generation system of Embodiment 1. FIG. Sectional drawing of the principal part of the generator in the electric power generation system of Embodiment 2. The perspective view of the 1st magnetic flux shielding member fixed to the permanent magnet of the generator in the electric power generation system of Embodiment 2. FIG. Sectional drawing of the principal part of the generator in the electric power generation system of Embodiment 3. Schematic diagram explaining the principle of a conventional synchronous generator using a permanent magnet

Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
1 is a configuration diagram of the power generation system of the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a side view of the generator in the power generation system of the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view of the generator in the power generation system of the first embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a main part showing the principle of the generator in the power generation system of the first embodiment.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a power generation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, 2 is a power generator, which will be described later, 3 is a rotor of a power generator 2 formed in a cylindrical shape with a nonmagnetic synthetic resin, stainless steel, or the like. Is a plurality of stator coils disposed outside the rotor 3, 5 is a transformer connected to each stator coil 4, and 6 is a first relay connected in parallel between the stator coil 4 and the transformer 5. Switch, 7 is a rectifier composed of a diode, etc. 8 is a smoothing capacitor whose direct current is a pulsating current output from the rectifier 7, 9 is a first capacitor for accumulating charges based on the output voltage of the rectifier 7, and 10 is a thyristor Are connected to the first capacitor 9, 11a and 11b are first and second changeover switches connected in series with the first capacitor 9 and the gate circuit 10, and 12 is a first switch. A second capacitor connected in parallel to the gate circuit 10 between the second changeover switches 11a and 11b, 13 a storage battery (battery) connected in series to the gate circuit 10, and 14 a transformer 5 and a rectifier 7 A second relay switch 15 connected in series between the first relay switch 6, a second relay switch 14, a gate circuit 10, and a timer connected to the first and second changeover switches 11a and 11b. , 16 are switches for discharging the storage battery 13 and supplying power to a load circuit (not shown).
In the present embodiment, the first capacitor 9, the gate circuit 10, the first and second changeover switches 11a and 11b, and the second capacitor 12 constitute a charge control circuit.
The first relay switch 6, the second relay switch 14, the gate circuit 10, and the first and second change-over switches 11 a and 11 b are synchronized every predetermined time according to a signal supplied from the timer 15 every predetermined time. Is set to switch on / off.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 17 denotes a rotating shaft of the rotor 3 of the generator 2, 18 denotes a rotor-side magnetic flux shielding member that is formed in a plate shape with a ferromagnetic material such as iron, silicon iron, permalloy, etc. Is a permanent magnet in which a plurality of plate-like permanent magnets are stacked and adsorbed and one end face is fixed to one end portion of the rotor-side magnetic flux shielding member 18, 20 is an end face of the permanent magnet 19, 21 is iron, silicon iron, permalloy, ferrite , A first magnetic flux shielding member made of a ferromagnetic material such as an alnico alloy (Fe—Al—Ni—Co alloy) and formed in an asymmetrical gable shape and fixed to the end face 20 of the permanent magnet 19. A plurality of first field portions are arranged so that the magnetic poles of the end face 20 of the permanent magnet 19 are alternately different along the magnetic field (so that the north and south poles are alternately arranged).
Here, in the present embodiment, the outer peripheral portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 is formed to protrude outward from the outer peripheral portion of the end surface 20 of the permanent magnet 19. Further, the bottom surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 is fixed in close contact with the end surface 20 of the permanent magnet 19. In addition, the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 has a convex surface and a top portion that is shifted from the center line of the permanent magnet 19 (indicated by the alternate long and short dash line) toward the rotational direction of the rotor 3.
Reference numeral 23 denotes a casing made of a nonmagnetic material such as aluminum, stainless steel, or brass, or a synthetic resin. Reference numeral 24 denotes a casing made of a ferromagnetic material such as iron, silicon iron, or permalloy. The core 24 is disposed outside the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 and is wound around the stator coil 4 while being magnetically insulated by the fastening member, and the core 24 is opposed to the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 through a gap. It is the 1st opposing surface formed in the edge part.
In the present embodiment, the protruding top portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 is shifted toward the rotational direction advance side of the rotor 3 with respect to the center line of the permanent magnet 19. And the first facing surface 25 are asymmetric with respect to the center line of the permanent magnet 19 along the rotation direction of the rotor 3.

3 and 4, reference numeral 26 denotes a permanent magnet in which a plurality of plate-like permanent magnets are stacked and adsorbed and one end face is fixed to the other end side of the rotor-side magnetic flux shielding member 18, 27 is an end face of the permanent magnet 26, 28 Is a ferromagnetic material such as iron, silicon iron, permalloy, ferrite, and alnico alloy, and is formed in an asymmetrical gable like the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 of FIG. 2 and is fixed to the end face 27 of the permanent magnet 26. A plurality of magnetic flux shielding members 29 are arranged along the rotation direction of the rotor 3 so that the magnetic poles of the end surface 27 of the permanent magnet 26 are alternately different (so that the N pole and the S pole are alternated). Are arranged side by side with the first field portion 22 so that the magnetic poles of the end surface 20 of the permanent magnet 19 and the end surface 27 of the permanent magnet 26 fixed to the same rotor-side magnetic flux shielding member 18 are different from each other. The second field part.
Here, in the present embodiment, the bottom surface of the second magnetic flux shielding member 28 completely covers the end surface 27 of the permanent magnet 26 and is intimately fixed to the end surface 27. In addition, the outer peripheral portion of the second magnetic flux shielding member 28 is formed to project symmetrically outward from the outer peripheral portion of the end surface 27 of the permanent magnet 26. In addition, the second magnetic flux shielding member 28 is formed with a convex surface on the top side of the second magnetic flux shielding member 28 with respect to the center line of the permanent magnet 26 in the same manner as the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 of FIG. It's off.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a second opposing surface that is formed at the other end of the core 24 and faces the second magnetic flux shielding member 28, and 31 is a stator coil wound around the second opposing surface 30 of the core 24 and connected to the stator coil 4. , 32 are non-magnetic bolts that are inserted into holes formed in the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 projecting outside the end face 20 of the permanent magnet 19 and connect the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 and the rotor-side magnetic flux shielding member 18. The fastening member 33 is inserted through a hole formed in the second magnetic flux shielding member 28 projecting outside the end face 27 of the permanent magnet 26 and connects the second magnetic flux shielding member 28 and the rotor side magnetic flux shielding member 18. A fastening member such as a non-magnetic bolt, X is the center of the end face 20 of the permanent magnet 19 of the first field portion 22 and the permanent magnet of the second field portion 29 disposed at a position substantially orthogonal to the rotation direction of the rotor 3. Connect the center of the end face 27 of 26 The field side center line, Y is the core side center line connecting the center of the first facing surface 25 and the center of the second facing surface 30 formed on the core 24, and α is the field side center line X and the core side center line. The angle of deviation from Y.
In the present embodiment, the field side center line X is orthogonal to the rotational direction of the rotor 3, and the core side center line Y is inclined with respect to the field side center line X in the range of the deviation angle α = 1 to 20 °. Cores 24 are arranged so as to intersect.

The operation of the generator of the power generation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention configured as described above will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 5, 4a is a stator coil, 24a is a core around which the stator coil 4a is wound, 25a is a first facing surface of the core 24a facing the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 fixed to the permanent magnet 19, and 4b is a stator. A stator coil disposed along the rotation direction of the permanent magnet 19 indicated by an arrow next to the coil 4a, 24b is a core around which the stator coil 4b is wound, and 25b is a core 24b facing the first magnetic flux shielding member 21. The first facing surface. Hereinafter, the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 will be described, but the second magnetic flux shielding member 28 is formed in the same manner as the first magnetic flux shielding member 21.
In the generator 2 configured as described above, the outer peripheral portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 is formed so as to protrude outside the outer peripheral portion of the end surface 20 of the permanent magnet 19, so that most of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 19 is As shown in FIG. 5, the magnetic flux density flows through the first magnetic flux shielding member 21, and the magnetic flux density is increased at both ends of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 on the advancing side and the lagging side. Moreover, since the top part of the protruding first magnetic flux shielding member 21 is shifted to the rotational direction advance side with respect to the center line of the permanent magnet 19 (indicated by a one-dot chain line), the magnetic flux density is delayed from the rotational direction advance side. Over time. Under this state, when the permanent magnet 19 is rotated by a motor or the like (not shown) to change the magnetic flux, electric current can flow through the stator coils 4a and 4b by electromagnetic induction to generate electric power. On the other hand, the magnetic flux directed straight from the end face of the permanent magnet 19 to the cores 24a and 24b is shielded by the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 and is concentrated on both end portions of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 in the rotational direction advance side and the delay side. Therefore, when the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 passes through the first opposed surface 25a of the core 24a and the first opposed surface 25b of the core 24b, the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 receives an attractive force (rotation) from the cores 24a and 24b. ) And the rotor can be rotated with a slight driving force, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

Referring to FIG. 1, in the power generation system 1, the AC voltage generated by the generator 2 is transformed when the first relay switch 6 is off, the second relay switch 14 is on, and the gate circuit 10 is off. Then, the voltage is stepped down by the transformer 5 and converted into direct current through the rectifier 7, and electric charges are accumulated in the first capacitor 9 constituting the charge control circuit. Further, when the second relay switch 14 is turned off and the gate circuit 10 is turned on, the charge accumulated in the first capacitor 9 can be discharged. When the first changeover switch 11a is turned on and the second changeover switch 11b is turned off in synchronization therewith, the charge accumulated in the first capacitor 9 is discharged and the second capacitor 12 is charged. Can do. At this time, since the second changeover switch 11b is off, the second capacitor 12 is not discharged and the storage battery 13 is not charged, and the second capacitor 12 is reliably charged. It is possible to prevent wasteful consumption.
When the first capacitor 9 is being discharged, the first relay switch 6 is switched on to short-circuit the stator coil 4, and a short-circuit current flows in the stator coil 4 with a delayed phase. As a result, the magnetic flux passing through the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 is reduced, and the leakage magnetic flux connecting the adjacent first magnetic flux shielding members 21 is increased. The electromotive force generated in the stator coil 4 during this period is not input to the transformer 5, but the power consumption of the rotor 3 during this period can be minimized.

  Regardless of whether the gate circuit 10 is turned on or off, when the first changeover switch 11a is turned off and the second changeover switch 11b is turned on in synchronization therewith, the electric charge accumulated in the second capacitor 12 is all at once. The battery is discharged, a large voltage and a large current are output, and the storage battery 13 is charged. Therefore, the first relay switch 6 is turned off, the second relay switch 14 is turned on, the gate circuit 10 is turned off, the generator 2 generates power, and the first capacitor 9 is being charged. The storage battery 13 can be charged from the second capacitor 12, the continuous operation can be performed while preventing the power supply to the load from being interrupted, and the power supply stability is excellent. Further, while the first capacitor 12 is discharged from the second capacitor 12 to the storage battery 13, the first changeover switch 11 a is off, so that the first capacitor 9 is not charged to the second capacitor 12. The power stored in the second capacitor 12 can be reliably charged in the storage battery 13. Then, after the charging from the second capacitor 12 to the storage battery 13 is completed, the first changeover switch 11a is turned on, and the second changeover switch 11b is turned off in synchronization therewith, as described above. The electric charge accumulated in one capacitor 9 can be discharged and accumulated in the second capacitor 12.

When the first relay switch 6 is turned off, the second relay switch 14 is turned on, and the gate circuit 10 is turned off again, the AC voltage generated by the generator 2 is stepped down by the transformer 5 and passed through the rectifier 7. The charge is converted to direct current and accumulated in the first capacitor 9 constituting the charge control circuit.
As described above, in the power generation system 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the switching of the first relay switch 6, the second relay switch 14, the gate circuit 10, and the first and second changeover switches 11a and 11b is performed by the stator coil. It is performed every four, and the electric power generated in each stator coil 4 can be charged to the storage battery 13 connected to each.

As described above, since the power generation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is configured, the following operation is obtained.
(1) The first magnetic flux shielding member 21 fixed to the end face 20 of the permanent magnet 19 constituting the first field portion 22 and the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 are arranged at a distance from each other, and the first magnetic flux shielding is provided at the end portion. And a plurality of cores 24 each having a first facing surface 25 that is opposed to the member 21 with a gap therebetween, and each of which is magnetically insulated, so that the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 19 is applied to the first magnetic flux shielding member 21. The magnetic flux led out from the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 is guided to the core 24. When the magnetic flux guided to the core 24 is changed by the rotation of the rotor 3, current can flow through the stator coil 4 by electromagnetic induction to generate power. On the other hand, the magnetic flux directed straight from the end face of the permanent magnet 19 to the core 24 is reduced by being shielded by the first magnetic flux shielding member 21, so that when the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 passes through the first facing surface 25 of the core 24. In addition, the attractive force (force that inhibits rotation) that the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 receives from the core 24 is reduced. Thereby, the rotor 3 can be rotated with a slight driving force, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.
(2) Furthermore, since the stator coil 4 connected to the transformer 5 and the rectifier 7 is provided for each coil wound around the core 24, the rotor 3 is driven by the exciting magnetic force of the permanent magnet 19 and the magnetic force of the core 24. The rotational load torque of the rotor 3 can be reduced by balancing the attractive force and the repulsive force acting in the rotational direction. Moreover, since interference between the stator coils 4 can be prevented, electric power obtained by adding electric power generated independently for each stator coil 4 can be obtained, and the power generation output can be increased. In addition, each stator coil 4 is connected to a different load or storage battery, and each power can be used or stored, which is excellent in flexibility.
(3) The first relay switch 6 and the second relay switch 14 connected between the stator coil 4 and the rectifier 7, the storage battery 13 for inputting and storing the output voltage of the rectifier 7, the rectifier 7 and the storage battery 13 and the first capacitor 9 that is connected in series with the rectifier 7 and accumulates electric charges based on the output voltage of the rectifier 7, so that the first relay switch 6 and the second relay switch 14 are turned on / off. Can be switched whether or not the AC output generated in the stator coil 4 is input to the transformer 5, the charge can be selectively stored in the first capacitor 9, and the output voltage can be controlled. Excellent in properties.
(4) Since the first capacitor 9 that is connected in series between the rectifier 7 and the storage battery 13 and accumulates electric charges based on the output voltage of the rectifier 7 is provided, the voltage of the electric power generated by the generator 2 is transformed. The voltage can be transformed by the rectifier 5, rectified by the rectifier 7, and the electric charge can be stored in the first capacitor 9, and can be output later with a larger voltage and larger current than the output of the rectifier 7. The power generation output can be increased and the efficiency of power use is excellent.
(5) The first and second changeover switches 11a and 11b connected in series between the first capacitor 9 and the storage battery 13 and the storage battery 13 between the first and second changeover switches 11a and 11b. On the other hand, when the second capacitor 12 connected in parallel and the first changeover switch 11a are on, the second changeover switch 11b is turned off, and when the first changeover switch 11a is off, the second changeover is performed. Since the timer 15 that alternately turns on and off the first and second change-over switches 11a and 11b so as to turn on the switch 11b is provided, the first change-over switch 11a is turned on and the second switch 11b is turned on. By turning off the changeover switch 11b, the first capacitor 9 and the second capacitor 12 are connected to each other, and the second capacitor 12 and the storage capacitor 12 are connected. The power is stored in the first capacitor 9 without being affected by the storage battery 13 without being affected by the storage battery 13, and then the first changeover switch 11a. Is turned off, and the second changeover switch 11b is turned on, so that the first capacitor 9 and the second capacitor 12 are disconnected, and the second capacitor 12 and the storage battery 13 are connected. In this state, the electric power stored in the second capacitor 12 can be discharged with a large current and stored in the storage battery 13 without being affected by the generator 2 or the first capacitor 9, and can be reliably charged or discharged. In addition, power can be exchanged efficiently, and the reliability and efficiency of charging and discharging are excellent, and the effective utilization of the generated power is excellent.
(6) A second capacitor 12 connected in parallel to the storage battery 13 between the first and second changeover switches 11a and 11b connected in series between the first capacitor 9 and the storage battery 13. The first change-over switch 11a is turned off and the second change-over switch 11b is turned on even when power is not being generated by the generator 2 or while the electric charge is accumulated in the first capacitor 9. By making it, it can be stored in the storage battery 13 from the 2nd capacitor | condenser 12, and it is excellent in stability and certainty of electric power supply.
(7) Since the transformer 5 is connected to the stator coil 4 and the first relay switch 6 that is connected in parallel between the stator coil 4 and the transformer 5 as a relay switch to short-circuit the stator coil 4 is provided. When the first relay switch 6 is OFF, the AC output generated in the stator coil 4 can be input to the transformer 5. Since the stator coil 4 is short-circuited when the first relay switch 6 is on, the AC output generated in the stator coil 4 is not input to the transformer 5, and a short-circuit current flows in the stator coil 4 with a delayed phase. As a result, the lines of magnetic force passing through the stator coil 4 are reduced, and the leakage magnetic flux connecting the first magnetic flux shielding members 21 adjacent to each other in the rotational direction is increased. Therefore, the attractive force (first magnetic flux shielding member 21 receives from the core 24 ( Therefore, the rotational load torque of the rotor 3 can be reduced. As a result, since the rotor 3 can be rotated with a small driving force during the period when the first relay switch 6 is not on, the power generation efficiency can be reduced while suppressing the power consumption for rotationally driving the rotor 3. Can be improved.
(8) The rectifier 7 is connected in series between the transformer 5 and the first capacitor 9, and is connected in series between the transformer 5 and the rectifier 7 in addition to the first relay switch 6 as a relay switch. Since the second relay switch 14 is provided, the first relay switch 6 is turned off and the second relay switch 14 is turned on so that the AC voltage generated by the generator 2 is input to the transformer 5. The voltage is stepped down, converted to direct current through the rectifier 7, and stored in the first capacitor 9. At this time, if the first changeover switch 11a is turned off and the second changeover switch 11b is turned on in synchronization therewith, the first capacitor 9 being charged is not discharged, and the generator 2 generates power. Electric power can be reliably and efficiently accumulated in the first capacitor 9 without waste, so that waste of electric power can be prevented, and power generation and charging efficiency are excellent.
(9) The gate circuit 10 is connected in series between the first capacitor 9 and the first changeover switch 11a, and the timer 15 includes the first and second relay switches 6 and 14 and the gate circuit 10 And the gate circuit 10 is synchronized to be turned off when the first relay switch 6 is turned off and the second relay switch 14 is turned on, so that the electric charge output from the rectifier 7 is transferred to the first capacitor 9. When the first and second change-over switches 11a and 11b are turned on and off, the first capacitor 9 is not discharged, and the power output from the generator 2 can be reliably and without waste. The first capacitor 9 can be stored, and if necessary, the first changeover switch 1a is turned off and the second changeover switch 11b is turned on, thereby Discharging the charge accumulated in the capacitor 12 can be charged to the battery 13, flexibility of the charge and discharge control, the stability of the charging and discharging operation, excellent reliability.
(10) The gate circuit 10 is connected in series between the first capacitor 9 and the first changeover switch 11a, and the timer 15 includes the first and second relay switches 6 and 14 and the gate circuit 10 And the first relay switch 6 is turned on and the second relay switch 14 is turned off to synchronize the gate circuit 10 to be turned on, so that the generator is discharged during the discharge from the first capacitor 9. The first capacitor 9 is not charged based on the voltage generated by 2, wasteful power generation is not performed, power is prevented from being consumed wastefully, and the amount of generated heat can be reduced, Excellent power generation efficiency.
(11) By turning on the first change-over switch 11a and turning off the second change-over switch 11b when the gate circuit 10 is on, the charge accumulated in the first capacitor 9 in advance is efficiently leaked. In addition, it can be stored in the second capacitor 12 to prepare for charging of the storage battery 13, and is excellent in the reliability of charge / discharge control, the efficiency and stability of charge / discharge.
(12) Since the outer peripheral portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 protrudes outside the outer peripheral portion of the end face 20 of the permanent magnet 19, the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 that shields the magnetic flux has a large area. When the shielding member 21 passes through the first facing surface 25 of the core 24, the time during which the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 receives an attractive force (force that inhibits rotation) from the core 24 is shortened, and the rotor can be driven with a slight driving force. 3 can be rotated, and the power generation efficiency can be greatly improved.
(13) Since the gap between the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 and the first facing surface 25 of the core 24 is formed to be asymmetric with respect to the center line of the permanent magnet 19 along the rotation direction of the rotor 3. The magnetic flux density in the rotation direction of the rotor 3 is large at both ends of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 in the rotation direction on the advance side and the lag side, and in the region excluding both ends, the gap extends from the top of the small gap toward the end of the large gap. Thus, the magnetic flux tends to be asymmetrically dispersed. For this reason, when the rotor 3 rotates, the magnetic flux that goes straight from the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 to the core 24 decreases, and the repulsive force and attractive force (force that inhibits rotation) received by the first field portion 21 from the core 24. Thus, the rotor 3 can be rotated with a slight driving force, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.
(14) The surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 facing the core 24 is formed in a protruding shape, and the protruding portion is shifted to the rotational direction advance side with respect to the center line of the permanent magnet. The magnetic flux density of the member 21 gradually decreases from the rotation direction advance side to the rotation direction delay side, and further, when the first relay switch 6 is on, a short-circuit current that flows in the stator coil 4 in a delayed phase causes The magnetic field lines passing through the first magnetic flux line significantly decrease, and the leakage magnetic flux connecting the first magnetic flux shielding members 21 adjacent to each other in the rotational direction increases remarkably, so that the driving force of the rotor 3 when the first relay switch 6 is on is reduced. Not only can the rotation of the rotor 3 be assisted, but the number of rotations of the rotor 3 can be increased compared to when the first relay switch 6 is off. As a result, when the first relay switch 6 is switched off, the power generation output can be increased by the inertial force of the rotation of the rotor 3.
(15) The field side center line X connecting the center of the end face 20 of the permanent magnet 19 of the first field portion 22 and the center of the end face 27 of the permanent magnet 26 of the second field portion 29, and the first facing surface 25. And the core side center line Y connecting the center of the second facing surface 30 is formed with a shift angle α, so that the first field portion 22 is attracted from the core 24 by the rotation of the rotor 3. When receiving a force (or repulsive force), the second field portion 29 receives a repulsive force (or attractive force) from the core 24 and inhibits the rotation of the rotor 3 at any phase of the rotor 3. The magnetic field magnetic force of the core 24 can be reduced, and the rotational load torque of the rotor 3 can be reduced. Further, since the deviation angle α = 1 to 20 °, the cocking (the rotating operation of the rotor is jerky) due to the attractive force and repulsive force received by the first field portion 22 and the second field portion 29 by the magnetic field magnetic force of the core 24. ) Is not easily generated, and further, a phase difference is not easily generated in the current generated in the stator coil 4, and the output current is not reduced.
(16) Since the outer peripheral portion of the second magnetic flux shielding member 28 protrudes outside the outer peripheral portion of the end surface 27 of the permanent magnet 26, the second magnetic flux shielding member 28 that shields the magnetic flux has a large area. When the shielding member 28 passes through the second facing surface 30 of the core 24, the time during which the second magnetic flux shielding member 28 receives an attractive force (a force that inhibits rotation) from the core 24 is shortened, and the rotor can be driven with a slight driving force. 3 can be rotated, and the power generation efficiency can be greatly improved.
(17) Since the bottom surfaces of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 and the second magnetic flux shielding member 28 are in close contact with the end surfaces 20 and 27 of the permanent magnets 19 and 26, they come out of the end surfaces 20 and 27 of the permanent magnets 19 and 26. Almost all the magnetic flux is guided to the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 and the second magnetic flux shielding member 28, and it is difficult for leakage magnetic flux to be generated. Therefore, the magnetic flux density at the end of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 and the second magnetic flux shielding member 28 is increased. Therefore, the magnetic flux density guided to the core 24 can be increased, and the power generation output can be increased.
(18) Since the rotor side magnetic flux shielding member 18 is provided, the leakage magnetic flux can be suppressed and the magnetic flux density at the end of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 and the second magnetic flux shielding member 28 can be increased. The density can be increased and the power generation output can be increased.
(19) The first relay switch 6 is connected to the primary side of the transformer 5, the second relay switch 14 is connected to the secondary side, and the on / off of the second relay switch 14 is the charge control circuit. Since the phase is synchronized with the (gate circuit 10) in reverse phase, when the gate circuit 10 is turned on, the charge accumulated in the first capacitor 9 can be discharged, so that the storage efficiency is excellent.

Here, in the present embodiment, the case where the transformer 5 is connected to each stator coil 4 and the rectifier 7 is connected in series with the transformer 5 has been described, but either the transformer 5 or the rectifier 7 is described. May be connected. By connecting the transformer 5, it can be transformed to a predetermined value. Moreover, it can convert into direct current | flow by connecting the rectifier 7. FIG.
In some cases, the number of stator coils 4 arranged around the rotor 3 is increased and connected to the transformer 5 or the rectifier 7 for each coil group in which an AC electromotive force having the same phase is generated as the rotor 3 rotates.
Further, in the present embodiment, the field side center line X is orthogonal to the rotation direction of the rotor 3, and the core side center line Y is in the range of the deviation angle α = 1 to 20 ° with respect to the field side center line X. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the permanent magnets 19 and 26 that form the field-side center line X may be disposed obliquely. In some cases, both the permanent magnets 19 and 26 and the core 24 are arranged obliquely. In these cases, the same effect can be obtained.
Moreover, although the case where all the electric power taken out for each stator coil 4 is charged in the storage battery 13 has been described, there is a case where a part is connected to the storage battery 13 and the rest is connected to the load. It is also possible to drive a drive motor (not shown) that rotates the rotor 3 by using a part of the voltage charged in the storage battery 13. This is because power consumption for rotating the rotor 3 is small.
Further, although the case where the four gate circuits 10 are all turned on / off synchronously based on the signal from the timer 15 has been described, for example, there is a case where the on / off is switched in order asynchronously.
Further, the generator 2 has been described with respect to the case of the inner rotation type in which the rotor 3 rotates inside the stator coil 4, but is not limited to this, and is not limited to this, and is the outer rotor type in which the rotor rotates outside the stator coil, that is, the outer type. In some cases, it may be converted. In this case, the same effect can be obtained.
Further, in order to make the gap asymmetric, the surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21 facing the core 24 is formed in a protruding shape (gable shape), and the protruding portion (top) is formed with respect to the center line of the permanent magnet. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the protrusion (top) may be shifted to the rotation direction delay side, or may be formed in a concave shape instead of a convex shape. . In some cases, the first opposed surface 25 and the second opposed surface 30 of the core 24 are formed in a protruding shape or a recessed shape to make the gap asymmetric.

Next, the generator of the modification in Embodiment 1 is demonstrated. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of a generator according to a modification of the power generation system of the first embodiment. In addition, the thing similar to what was demonstrated in Embodiment 1 attaches | subjects the same code | symbol, and abbreviate | omits description.
The generator of the modified example is different from the generator of the first embodiment in that the outer peripheral portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21a is formed in the same size as the outer peripheral portion of the end face 20 of the permanent magnet 19. It is.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 21 a denotes a first magnetic flux shielding member that is formed of a ferromagnetic material such as iron, silicon iron, permalloy, ferrite, and alnico alloy, and whose outer peripheral portion has the same size as the outer peripheral portion of the end face 20 of the permanent magnet 19. .
In the generator configured as described above, the outer peripheral portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member 21a is formed with the same size as the outer peripheral portion of the end face 20 of the permanent magnet 19, so that the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 19 is It is divided into one that is shielded by one magnetic flux shielding member 21a and led to the side of the permanent magnet 19 (both ends on the rotation direction leading side and the lagging side) and one that leaks to the cores 24a and 24b side. When the magnetic flux guided to the cores 24a and 24b is changed by rotating the rotor 3 by a motor or the like (not shown), current can flow through the stator coils 4a and 4b by electromagnetic induction to generate power. On the other hand, the magnetic flux that goes straight from the end face of the permanent magnet 19 to the cores 24a and 24b is reduced by being shielded by the first magnetic flux shielding member 21a. When passing through the first opposing surface 25b of 24b, the attractive force (force that impedes rotation) received by the first magnetic flux shielding member 21a from the cores 24a and 24b is reduced, and the rotor 3 is rotated with a slight driving force. Power generation efficiency can be improved.
Although the first magnetic flux shielding member 21a has been described here, the same thing can be used for the second magnetic flux shielding member, and the same effect can be obtained.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the generator in the power generation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram of the first magnetic flux shielding member fixed to the permanent magnet of the generator in the power generation system according to the second embodiment. It is a perspective view. In addition, the thing similar to what was demonstrated in Embodiment 1 attaches | subjects the same code | symbol, and abbreviate | omits description.
7 and 8, reference numeral 41 denotes a power generator in the power generation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and reference numeral 42 denotes a ferromagnetic material such as iron, silicon iron, permalloy, ferrite, and alnico alloy that is formed in an asymmetric gable shape. A first magnetic flux shielding member 43 fixed to the end face 20 of the permanent magnet 19, 43 is a recess formed in the bottom surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member 42, and the end face 20 of the permanent magnet 19 is closely fitted, 44 is An inclined surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member 42 whose outer peripheral portion protrudes outside the outer peripheral portion of the end surface 20 of the permanent magnet 19 and has a downward gradient formed on the rotational direction advance side of the rotor 3, 45 is an outer peripheral portion of the permanent magnet 19. An inclined surface 46 of the first magnetic flux shielding member 42 projecting outward from the outer peripheral portion of the end surface 20 and having a descending gradient formed on the rotation direction lag side of the rotor 3 is formed in a protruding shape by the inclined surfaces 44 and 45. Top of one magnetic flux shielding member 42 A (protrusion portion), in this embodiment, the top portion 46 is shifted in the rotation direction leading side with respect to the central axis of the permanent magnet 19. Thereby, the gap between the first magnetic flux shielding member 42 and the first facing surface of the core is asymmetric with respect to the center line of the permanent magnet 19 along the rotation direction of the rotor 3. A hole 47 is formed in the inclined surface 46 and through which a fastening member such as a non-magnetic bolt that connects the first magnetic flux shielding member 42 and the rotor-side magnetic flux shielding member 4 is inserted.

As described above, since the power generator in the power generation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention is configured, in addition to the functions described in the first embodiment, the following functions are obtained.
(1) Since the concave portion 43 is formed in the first magnetic flux shielding member 42 and the end face 20 of the permanent magnet 19 is accommodated in the concave portion 43, almost all the magnetic flux from the end face 20 of the permanent magnet 19 is shielded by the first magnetic flux. The power can be guided to the member 42, and the power generation output can be increased by increasing the magnetic flux density of the first magnetic flux shielding member 42.
(2) Since the inclined surface 44 is formed on the first magnetic flux shielding member 42, the magnetic flux is guided to the oblique side of the permanent magnet 19 and the magnetic flux density of the inclined surface 44 is increased, and the magnetic flux density guided to the core 24b is increased. Power generation output can be increased.
(3) When the top portion 46 is shifted to the rotational direction advance side with respect to the central axis of the permanent magnet 19, the gap between the first magnetic flux shielding member 42 and the first facing surface of the core is along the rotational direction of the rotor 3. Since it becomes asymmetric with respect to the center line of the permanent magnet 19, the gap changes in the circumferential direction when the rotor 3 rotates, and the maximum gap position deviates from the center, and the first magnetic flux shielding member 42 is attracted from the core. The force (force that inhibits rotation) is dispersed and reduced, the rotor 3 can be smoothly rotated with a slight driving force, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

  Here, although the first magnetic flux shielding member 42 has been described in the present embodiment, the same thing can be used for the second magnetic flux shielding member, and the same action can be obtained.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the generator in the power generation system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In FIG. 9, 51 is a generator in the power generation system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, 52 is a rotating shaft, 53 is a disc made of nonmagnetic synthetic resin, stainless steel, etc., and is orthogonal to the rotating shaft 52. The rotor 54 is made of a non-magnetic synthetic resin, stainless steel or the like and is formed in a disc shape, and is attached in parallel to the rotor 53 in the direction orthogonal to the rotation shaft 52. A permanent magnet 56 fixed to the flat surface on the rotor 54 side of the first magnetic flux shield 56 is formed of a ferromagnetic material such as iron, silicon iron, permalloy, ferrite, alnico alloy, etc., and is fixed to the end surface of the permanent magnet 55. A plurality of members 57 are arranged along the rotation direction of the rotor 53 so that the magnetic poles of the end face of the permanent magnet 55 are alternately different (the N pole and the S pole are alternately).
Here, in the present embodiment, the outer peripheral portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member 56 is formed to protrude outward from the outer peripheral portion of the end face of the permanent magnet 55. Further, the bottom surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member 56 is intimately fixed to the end surface of the permanent magnet 55.
58 is a permanent magnet whose one end surface is fixed to a plane on the rotor 53 side of the rotor 54, and 59 is a plate made of a ferromagnetic material such as iron, silicon iron, permalloy or the like, and is fixed to the end surface of the permanent magnet 58. A plurality of magnetic flux shielding members 60 are arranged along the rotation direction of the rotor 54 so that the magnetic poles of the end face of the permanent magnet 58 are alternately different (so that N poles and S poles are alternated), and the rotors 53 and 54 rotate. This is a second field part arranged in parallel with the first field part 57 so that the magnetic poles of the end face of the permanent magnet 55 and the end face of the permanent magnet 58 arranged at the opposite positions substantially orthogonal to the direction are different.
Here, in the present embodiment, the bottom surface of the second magnetic flux shielding member 59 completely covers the end surface of the permanent magnet 58 and is firmly fixed to the end surface. Further, the outer peripheral portion of the second magnetic flux shielding member 59 is formed so as to protrude outside the outer peripheral portion of the end face of the permanent magnet 58.
A core 61 is formed of a ferromagnetic material such as iron, silicon iron, and permalloy, and is disposed in a casing (not shown) spaced apart from the first magnetic flux shielding member 56 and the second magnetic flux shielding member 59 while being magnetically insulated. , 62 is a first facing surface that is formed at the end of the core 61 and faces the first magnetic flux shielding member 56, 63 is a second facing surface that is formed at the other end of the core 61 and faces the second magnetic flux shielding member 59, Reference numeral 64 denotes a stator coil wound around the core 61.

  As described above, since the generator of the power generation system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is configured, the same operation as that described in Embodiment 1 can be obtained.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. The present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
An experiment was conducted to examine the power generation output using the power generation system described in the first embodiment.
In the power generation system of Example 1, a generator having a cylindrical rotor having a diameter of 150 mm and a length of 300 mm was used. Plate-shaped rotor side magnetic flux shielding members made of silicon iron and having a width of 30 mm and a length of 300 mm were arranged symmetrically at equal intervals at six locations on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor. The permanent magnet is a plate-like neodymium-based rare earth magnet having a length in the short direction of 50 mm, a length in the longitudinal direction of 60 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm (adsorption force of 30 kgf (294 N) per plate-like permanent magnet). Surface magnetic flux density of 400 mT. (Made of Sumitomo Special Metal) was used. On both sides of the rotor-side magnetic flux shielding member, permanent magnets (three plate-shaped permanent magnets) are arranged so that the magnetic poles on the end faces are alternately different, and the short direction of the permanent magnets coincides with the rotational direction of the rotor. Thus, a first field part and a second field part were formed. The first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member are made of iron and have an asymmetrical gable shape. The length of the rotor in the rotational direction is 70 mm, the length perpendicular to the rotational direction of the rotor is 80 mm, and the maximum thickness is The height (the height from the fixing surface to the top of the permanent magnet) was 10 mm, and the outer peripheral portion was symmetrically projected outside the outer peripheral portion of the end portion of the permanent magnet to be fixed to the permanent magnet. The tops of the first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member are displaced from the center line of the permanent magnet by 10 mm toward the rotational direction advance side of the rotor. The space | interval of the 1st magnetic flux shielding members adjacent to the rotation direction of a rotor was about 5 mm. Similarly, the second magnetic flux shielding member was also about 5 mm apart.
Cores formed in a substantially U shape having a first facing surface and a second facing surface were arranged symmetrically at five locations around the rotor. A stator coil was formed by winding a copper wire with a wire diameter of 1.8 mm 600 times in the vicinity of the first facing surface and the second facing surface of the core. Shortest distance (gap) between the first opposed surface of the core and the first magnetic flux shielding member (shortest distance between the top of the first magnetic flux shielding member and the first opposed surface), the second opposed surface of the core and the second magnetic flux shield The shortest distance between the members (gap) (the shortest distance between the top of the second magnetic flux shielding member and the second facing surface) was 10 mm. Since the tops of the first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member are displaced from the center line of the permanent magnet toward the rotational direction advance side of the rotor, the gap is asymmetric with respect to the central axis of the permanent magnet.
By configuring as described above, the power generation system of Example 1 was obtained.

(Example 2)
A recessed portion having a depth of 5 mm capable of accommodating the end face of the permanent magnet is formed on the back surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member (thickness 15 mm) similar to those of the first embodiment, and the recessed portion is formed on the end face of the permanent magnet. Stuck. Otherwise, the power generation system of Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as Example 1.

(Example 3)
The first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member have a length of 50 mm in the rotational direction of the rotor, a length of 60 mm in the direction orthogonal to the rotational direction of the rotor, and a maximum thickness (the height from the fixing surface to the top of the permanent magnet). The outer peripheral portion was made the same size as the outer peripheral portion at the end of the permanent magnet. Otherwise, the power generation system of Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as Example 1.

Example 4
The first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member are made of iron and have a length of 70 mm in the rotation direction of the rotor, a length of 80 mm in a direction orthogonal to the rotation direction of the rotor, and a maximum thickness of 10 mm. The outer surface of each part was symmetrically projected outside, and the surface was formed into a symmetrical curved shape along the rotation direction of the rotor. Since the surfaces of the first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member are formed symmetrically, the gap is symmetric with respect to the central axis of the permanent magnet. Otherwise, the power generation system of Example 4 was obtained in the same manner as Example 1.

(Comparative Example 1)
The first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member fixed to the end surface of the permanent magnet are removed, and the first opposed surface and the second opposed surface of the rotor are opposed to the end surface of the permanent magnet with a gap (gap) of 10 mm. A power generation system of Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.

(Measurement of rotational load torque)
The rotational load torque of the rotor was measured in a state where the drive motor for rotating the rotor was not connected to the rotor. As a result, the rotational load torque of the generator in the power generation systems of Example 1, Example 2, and Example 4 was 1/15 of the rotational load torque of the generator in the power generation system of Comparative Example 1. Further, the rotational load torque of the generator in the power generation system of Example 3 was 7/15 of the rotational load torque of the generator in the power generation system of Comparative Example 1.
As described above, it was confirmed that the rotational load torque of the rotor is reduced by providing the first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member. In particular, the outer peripheral portions of the first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member are projected outside the outer peripheral portion of the end portion of the permanent magnet as in the power generation systems of the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the fourth embodiment. Thus, it was confirmed that the rotational load torque was significantly reduced.

(Measurement of drive motor load current)
The rotor and the drive motor were connected, and the load current of the drive motor was measured. A DC motor (output 400 W, 2400 rpm) with a rated voltage of 24 V was used as the drive motor, and the rotor was rotated.
In the power generation system of Comparative Example 1, when the first relay switch that short-circuits the stator coil is off, the load current at the start of the drive motor connected to the generator is 50A, and the load current at the steady state is 20A. there were. When the first relay switch was turned on and the stator coil was short-circuited in a steady state where the drive motor was operated, the load current was reduced to 15 A (3/4 when the first relay switch was turned off).
On the other hand, when the first relay switch of the power generation system of Example 1 was off, the load current at the start of the drive motor connected to the rotor was 15A, and the load current at the steady state was 10A. When the first relay switch was turned on in a steady state in which the drive motor was operated, the load current was reduced to 5 A (1/2 when the first relay switch was turned off).
When the first relay switch of the power generation system of Example 2 was off, the load current at the start of the drive motor connected to the rotor was 17A, and the load current at the steady state was 11A. When the first relay switch was turned on in a steady state where the drive motor was operated, the load current was reduced to 6 A (about 1/2 of the time when the first relay switch was turned off).
When the first relay switch of the power generation system of Example 3 was off, the load current at the start of the drive motor connected to the rotor was 25A, and the load current at the steady state was 13A. When the first relay switch was turned on in a steady state where the drive motor was operated, the load current was reduced to 7 A (about ½ when the first relay switch was turned off).
When the first relay switch of the power generation system of Example 4 was off, the load current at the start of the drive motor connected to the rotor was 16A, and the load current at the steady state was 10A. When the first relay switch was turned on in a steady state where the drive motor was operated, the load current decreased to 7 A (about 3/4 when the first relay switch was turned off).
In the first to third embodiments, by turning on the first relay switch in a steady state where the drive motor is operated, the rotational speed of the rotor is about 7% as compared with the case where the first relay switch is off. Speeded up.
As described above, it was confirmed that by providing the first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member, the load current of the drive motor at the time of starting decreases. In particular, the outer peripheral portions of the first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member are projected outside the outer peripheral portion of the end portion of the permanent magnet as in the generators of the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the fourth embodiment. As a result, it was confirmed that the load current at the time of starting was remarkably reduced.
In addition, as in Examples 1 to 4, it was confirmed that the load current of the drive motor is reduced by turning on the first relay switch and short-circuiting the stator coil in a steady state in which the drive motor is operated. . Furthermore, as in Examples 1 to 3, it was confirmed that the rate of decrease in load current can be increased and the rotational speed of the rotor can be increased by making the gap asymmetric.

(Measurement of power generation output)
The rotor and the drive motor are connected, the rotor is rotated at a rotation speed of 800 rpm, and the AC electromotive force generated in each stator coil when the first relay switch is OFF is rectified by a rectifier, and the combined output voltage (DC ) And output current (DC).
The output voltage of the generator of Comparative Example 1 was 270 V, the output current was 9 A, and the output voltages and output currents of the generators of Examples 1, 3 and 4 were substantially the same.
In contrast, the output voltage of the generator of Example 2 was 300 V, and the output current was 12 A.
By providing the first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member, the load current of the drive motor is reduced, so that the power consumption of the drive motor can be reduced. As a result, the output power obtained by subtracting the power consumption of the drive motor is reduced. It was confirmed to improve. In particular, as in the generators of Example 1 and Example 2, the effect is achieved by projecting the outer peripheral portions of the first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member to the outside of the outer peripheral portion of the end portion of the permanent magnet. It was confirmed that it would grow. Furthermore, like the generator of Example 2, by forming a recess at the bottom of the first magnetic flux shielding member and the second magnetic flux shielding member, and by housing the end face of the permanent magnet in the concave portion, the output is increased, It was confirmed that the output power could be further increased.
Furthermore, the electromotive force generated in the stator coil by alternately switching on / off the first relay switch is charged to the first capacitor, and the period during which the first relay switch does not contribute to charging when the first relay switch is on Since the rotor can be rotated with a small driving force, it has been confirmed that the power generation efficiency can be improved by suppressing the power consumption for rotating the rotor.

  The present invention relates to a power generation system that generates an induced voltage in a stator coil by rotation of a rotor in which a permanent magnet is disposed, and the repulsive force and attractive force that the permanent magnet receives from the core when passing through the facing surface of the core are small and slight. The rotor can be rotated by the driving force to improve the power generation efficiency, and the rotational force of the rotor can be balanced by balancing the attractive force and repulsive force acting in the rotor rotation direction by the exciting magnetic force of the permanent magnet and the magnetic field magnetic force of the core. The torque can be reduced, interference between the stator coils can be prevented, and the power obtained by adding the power generated independently for each stator coil or each stator coil group can be obtained. In addition, each stator coil or group of stator coils can be connected to a different load or storage battery to use or store each power. Possible to provide a power generating system having excellent flexibility can.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power generation system 2 Generator 3 Rotor 4, 4a, 4b Stator coil 5 Transformer 6 First relay switch 7 Rectifier 8 Smoothing capacitor 9 First capacitor 10 Gate circuit 11a First changeover switch 11b Second changeover switch 12 Second capacitor 13 Storage battery 14 Second relay switch 15 Timer 16 Switch 17 Rotating shaft 18 Rotor side magnetic flux shielding member 19 Permanent magnet 20 End face 21, 21a First magnetic flux shielding member 22 First field portion 23 Casings 24, 24a, 24b Core 25, 25a, 25b First opposing surface 26 Permanent magnet 27 End surface 28 Second magnetic flux shielding member 29 Second field portion 30 Second opposing surface 31 Stator coils 32, 33 Fastening member 41 Generator 42 First magnetic flux shielding member 43 Recess 44, 45 Inclined surface 46 Top 47 Hole 51 Generator 52 Rotating shaft 53 54 Rotor 55 Permanent magnet 56 First magnetic flux shielding member 57 First magnetic field portion 58 Permanent magnet 59 Second magnetic flux shielding member 60 Second magnetic field portion 61 Core 62 First opposed surface 63 Second opposed surface 64 Stator coil 100 Permanent magnet 101 End faces 102, 105 Cores 103, 106 Opposing faces 104, 107 Stator coil X Field side center line Y Core side center line

Claims (10)

A rotor attached to the rotating shaft, a first field portion in which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged so that the magnetic poles of the end face are alternately different along the rotation direction of the rotor, and a first fixed to the end face of the permanent magnet One magnetic flux shielding member and the first magnetic flux shielding member are spaced apart from each other and have a first opposing surface facing the first magnetic flux shielding member through a gap at each end, and each is magnetically insulated. Power generation comprising: a plurality of cores; and a stator coil connected to a transformer or a rectifier for each coil wound around the core or for each coil group that generates an AC electromotive force having the same phase as the rotor rotates. Machine,
A relay switch connected between the stator coil and the transformer or the rectifier;
A storage battery for storing the input voltage of the output voltage of the transformer or the rectifier; and
A first capacitor connected in series between the transformer or the rectifier and the storage battery to store electric charge based on an output voltage of the transformer or the rectifier;
First and second changeover switches connected in series between the first capacitor and the storage battery;
A second capacitor connected in parallel to the storage battery between the first and second changeover switches;
When the first changeover switch is on, the second changeover switch is turned off to store the electric power stored in the first capacitor in the second capacitor, and the first changeover switch is turned off. time a timer to switch alternately the second changeover switch is turned on in the first and second changeover switches so that stores electric power accumulated in the second capacitor to said battery on and off ,
A power generation system comprising:   The transformer is connected to the stator coil, and the relay switch includes a first relay switch connected in parallel between the stator coil and the transformer to short-circuit the stator coil. The power generation system according to claim 1.   The rectifier is connected in series between the transformer and the first capacitor, and in addition to the first relay switch as the relay switch, the rectifier is connected in series between the transformer and the rectifier. The power generation system according to claim 2, further comprising two relay switches. A gate circuit connected in series between the first capacitor and the first changeover switch;
The timer is connected to the first and second relay switches and the gate circuit, and turns off the gate circuit when the first relay switch is off and the second relay switch is on, The power generation system according to claim 3, wherein the gate circuit is synchronized to be turned on when one relay switch is on and the second relay switch is off. The power generation system according to claim 4, wherein when the gate circuit is on, the first changeover switch is turned on and the second changeover switch is turned off.   The gap between the first magnetic flux shielding member of the generator and the first facing surface of the core is formed to be asymmetric with respect to the center line of the permanent magnet along the rotation direction of the rotor. The power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   The power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an outer peripheral portion of the first magnetic flux shielding member of the generator protrudes outside an outer peripheral portion of an end face of the permanent magnet.   The first magnetic poles are arranged such that the magnetic poles on the end faces are alternately different along the rotation direction of the rotor of the generator, and the magnetic poles on the end faces of the permanent magnets arranged at positions substantially orthogonal to the rotation direction of the rotor are different. A second field portion arranged in parallel with the field portion, a second magnetic flux shielding member fixed to the end surface of the second field portion, and the other end of the first facing surface of the core. A second opposing surface facing the two magnetic flux shielding member, and the center of the end face of the permanent magnet of the first field part and the second field part arranged at a position substantially orthogonal to the rotational direction of the rotor A shift angle α is formed between the field side center line connecting the center of the end face of the permanent magnet and the core side center line connecting the center of the first facing surface and the center of the second facing surface. The power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the power generation system is provided.   The power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a bottom surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member of the generator is in close contact with an end surface of the permanent magnet.   The power generation system according to claim 9, wherein a recess is formed on a bottom surface of the first magnetic flux shielding member of the generator, and an end surface of the permanent magnet is accommodated in the recess.

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