JP5686237B2 - Laminated rubber bearing - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a laminated rubber bearing for elastically supporting a large building such as a bridge or a building.

  As this type of elastic bearing, a laminate formed by laminating a plurality of reinforcing plates and rubber in the vertical direction, a flange plate attached to the upper end of the laminate, a flange plate attached to the lower end of the laminate, The thing provided with the cover layer which covers the side surface of a laminated body is known (for example, refer patent document 1).

JP-A-11-201228

  By the way, in the laminated rubber bearing, since the rubber of the laminated body is made of natural rubber (NR) or butadiene rubber (BR), in order to prevent the natural rubber or butadiene rubber constituting the laminated body from being deteriorated by ozone or ultraviolet rays, The side of the body is covered with a cover layer made of ethylene propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM) or chloroprene rubber (CR).

  As described above, the laminated rubber bearing is configured to prevent the laminated body from being deteriorated by ozone or ultraviolet rays by the cover layer, and the cover layer is formed from a rubber material that is less likely to generate ozone cracks. With use, the cover rubber layer also undergoes curing deterioration, ozone cracks, and other cracks due to external forces. When a crack occurs in the cover layer, maintenance such as repair or replacement of the laminated rubber bearing is performed in consideration of safety.

  However, since the laminated rubber bearing is located between the bridge girder and the pier or between the building and the ground, the appearance inspection of the laminated rubber bearing is not easy, and the laminated rubber bearing has a large side area. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately perform the appearance inspection over the entire laminated rubber bearing.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a laminated rubber bearing capable of easily and accurately performing appearance inspection and maintenance.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a laminated rubber bearing for a building having a laminated body in which a plurality of reinforcing plates and rubber are laminated in the vertical direction, and is made of a rubber material, and the lamination direction of the laminated body that the direction of the surface of Cartesian a first cover layer covering the side surfaces of the laminate, made of a rubber material of a color different from the first cover layer, and a second cover layer covering the outer peripheral surface of the first cover layer At least.

  Thereby, since the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer is different from the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer, for example, when a crack occurs in the second cover layer and the crack extends to the first cover layer, The first cover layer made of a rubber material having a color different from that of the second cover layer can be seen in appearance, and it can be easily and clearly visually confirmed that the crack extends to the first cover layer.

  In addition, since the first cover layer is provided so as to cover the side surface of the laminate, and the second cover layer is provided so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the first cover layer, a crack is generated in the second cover layer. Even if the crack extends to the first cover layer, the crack does not reach the laminate until the crack penetrates the first cover layer. For this reason, it becomes possible to repair or replace the laminated rubber bearing before the crack extends in the laminated body.

The present invention also provides a laminated rubber bearing for a plurality of reinforcing plates and building a rubber with a vertically formed by laminating the laminate, made of rubber material and laminating direction Cartesian of the laminate A first cover layer that covers the side surface of the laminate, which is a directional surface, a second cover layer that is made of a rubber material having a color different from that of the first cover layer, and covers the outer peripheral surface of the first cover layer, and a second cover layer And a third cover layer covering the outer peripheral surface of the second cover layer.

  Thereby, since the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer and the color of the rubber material of the third cover layer are different, for example, when a crack occurs in the third cover layer and the crack extends to the second cover layer, The second cover layer made of a rubber material having a color different from that of the third cover layer can be seen in appearance, and it can be easily and clearly visible that the crack extends to the second cover layer.

  In addition, when the crack that has reached the second cover layer extends to the first cover layer, the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer and the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer are different from each other. The first cover layer made of a colored rubber material can be seen on the appearance, and it can be easily and clearly visually recognized that the crack extends to the first cover layer.

  The first cover layer is provided so as to cover the side surface of the laminate, the second cover layer is provided so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the first cover layer, and the third cover layer covers the outer peripheral surface of the second cover layer. Since it is provided so as to cover, even if a crack occurs in the third cover layer and the second cover layer and the crack extends to the first cover layer, until the crack penetrates the first cover layer Cracks do not reach the laminate. For this reason, it becomes possible to repair or replace the laminated rubber bearing before the crack extends in the laminated body.

  According to the laminated rubber bearing of the present invention, since it is easily and clearly visible that the crack extends to the inner cover layer, the appearance inspection of the laminated rubber bearing can be easily and accurately performed, Further, even if a crack occurs and the crack extends to the first cover layer, the crack does not reach the laminate until the crack penetrates the first cover layer. In addition, it is possible to repair or replace the laminated rubber bearing, which is extremely advantageous in appropriately performing the maintenance of the laminated rubber bearing.

The figure which shows the attachment state of the laminated rubber bearing of 1st Embodiment of this invention Cross-sectional side view of laminated rubber bearing in the direction of the bridge axis Side cross-sectional view of laminated rubber bearing in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis Cross-sectional side view of laminated rubber bearing in the direction of the bridge axis Side cross-sectional view of the main part of the laminated rubber bearing in the bridge axis direction Side cross-sectional view of the main part of the laminated rubber bearing in the bridge axis direction Example of spectral reflectance measurement results Example of spectral reflectance measurement results Side surface sectional view of the laminated rubber bearing showing the second embodiment of the present invention in the bridge axis direction Cross-sectional side view of the main part of the laminated rubber bearing in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis Front view of crack Side surface sectional drawing of the principal part of the laminated rubber bearing in the bridge axis direction showing a modification of the second embodiment

  A laminated rubber bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This laminated rubber support is arranged between the bridge girder 1 and a support 2 such as a bridge pier. Further, for example, the bridge girder 1 is provided with an automobile road on the upper surface, and is supported on the support 2 by a plurality of laminated rubber supports provided so as to be arranged in the direction Y perpendicular to the bridge axis.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the laminated rubber support is attached to the sole plate 10 attached to the bridge girder 1 at the upper end side and attached to the base plate 20 attached to the support body 2 at the lower end side.

  The sole plate 10 is a rectangular plate member made of a steel material, and is attached to the bridge girder 1 by a plurality of anchor bolts 10a. A concave portion 10b is provided at a substantially central portion on the lower surface of the sole plate 10, and the concave portion 10b is formed so that a horizontal cross section is circular.

  The base plate 20 is a rectangular plate member made of a steel material, and is attached to the support 2 by a plurality of anchor bolts 20a. A concave portion 20b is provided at a substantially central portion on the upper surface of the base plate 20, and the concave portion 20b is formed so that a horizontal cross section is circular.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the laminated rubber bearing includes an upper collar 30 attached to the lower surface of the sole plate 10, a lower collar 40 attached to the upper surface of the base plate 20, an upper collar 30 and a lower collar. The first cover layer 60 covering the laminated body 50 disposed between the flange 40, the side surface 50a in the bridge axis direction X and the side surface 50b in the bridge axis perpendicular direction Y of the laminated body 50, and the outer periphery of the first cover layer 60 And a second cover layer 70 covering the surface.

  The upper rod 30 is a rectangular plate member made of a steel material, and is attached to the sole plate 10 by a plurality of bolts 30a. In addition, a through hole 30b is provided in a substantially central portion of the upper collar 30, and the through hole 30b is formed so that a horizontal cross section has a circular shape.

  The lower bar 40 is a rectangular plate member made of a steel material, and is attached to the base plate 20 by a plurality of bolts 40a. In addition, a through hole 40b is provided in a substantially central portion of the lower rod 40, and the through hole 40b is formed so that a horizontal cross section has a circular shape.

  The laminated body 50 includes an upper reinforcement plate 51 attached to the upper collar 30, a lower reinforcement board 52 attached to the lower collar 40, and an upper reinforcement plate 51 and a lower reinforcement board 52. It has a plurality of reinforcing plates 53 provided at intervals, and a rubber 54 bonded to each of the reinforcing plates 51, 52, 53 by vulcanization adhesion.

  The upper reinforcing plate 51 is a rectangular plate member made of a steel material and is attached to the upper rod 30 by a plurality of bolts 51a. In addition, a concave portion 51b is provided at a substantially central portion of the upper surface of the upper reinforcing plate 51, and the concave portion 51b is formed so that a horizontal cross section is circular. The key member 51c is inserted into the concave portion 51b, and the upper end side of the key member 51c is inserted into the concave portion 10b of the sole plate 10 through the through hole 30b of the upper collar 30.

  The lower reinforcing plate 52 is a rectangular plate member made of a steel material, and is attached to the lower bar 40 by a plurality of bolts 52a. In addition, a concave portion 52b is provided at a substantially central portion of the lower surface of the lower reinforcing plate 52, and the concave portion 52b is formed so that a horizontal cross section is circular. The key member 52c is inserted into the concave portion 52b, and the lower end side of the key member 52c is inserted into the concave portion 20b of the base plate 20 through the through hole 40b of the upper collar 40.

  Each reinforcing plate 53 is a rectangular plate-shaped member made of a steel material, and is formed thinner than the upper reinforcing plate 51 and the lower reinforcing plate 52.

  Examples of the rubber 54 include natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), butadiene rubber (BR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), butyl rubber (IIR), and halogenated butyl rubber (BR-IIR). , Cl-IIR), chloroprene rubber (CR), one kind of polymer, or a mixture of plural kinds of polymers, such as carbon black, vulcanizing agent, plasticizer, stabilizer, anti-aging agent, processing aid, etc. It is obtained by vulcanizing a rubber compounding agent as appropriate. Other reinforcing agents can be used instead of carbon black.

  The first cover layer 60 is made of, for example, a white, gray, yellow, orange, red, pink, green, or blue rubber material. The first cover layer 51 includes, for example, natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), butadiene rubber (BR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), One type of butyl rubber (IIR), halogenated butyl rubber (BR-IIR, Cl-IIR), chloroprene rubber (CR), silicon rubber (Q), urethane rubber (U), or a mixture of multiple types of polymers Further, white carbon such as silica, a vulcanizing agent, a plasticizer, a stabilizer, an anti-aging agent, a processing aid, a pigment, carbon black and the like are appropriately vulcanized. For example, when the pigment is not used, the first cover layer 60 is white. When a small amount of carbon black is added, the first cover layer 60 is gray. When the pigment is used, the first cover layer 60 has a pigment color. It becomes the color according to.

  The second cover layer 70 is made of, for example, a black rubber material. The second cover layer 70 has better weather resistance than natural rubber, isoprene rubber or styrene butadiene rubber, for example, ethylene propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM), halogenated butyl rubber (BR-IIR, Cl-IIR), chloroprene rubber. (CR), urethane rubber (U), silicon rubber (Q), or a mixture of one or more polymers, carbon black, vulcanizing agent, plasticizer, stabilizer, anti-aging agent, processing A rubber compounding agent such as an auxiliary agent or a pigment is appropriately vulcanized. Other reinforcing agents can be used instead of carbon black.

  The laminated rubber support of the present embodiment includes a lower reinforcing plate 52, an unvulcanized rubber sheet for forming the rubber 54, a reinforcing plate 53, an unvulcanized rubber sheet for forming the rubber 54, a reinforcing plate 53,. After laminating the unvulcanized rubber sheet for molding the rubber 54 and the upper reinforcing plate 51 in this order, a plurality of unvulcanized rubber sheets for molding the rubber 54 and the reinforcing plates 51, 52, 53 are laminated. An unvulcanized rubber sheet for forming the first cover layer 60 is wound around the entire circumference of the unvulcanized laminate, and an unvulcanized rubber sheet for forming the first cover layer 60 is further wound. Formed by winding an unvulcanized rubber sheet for molding the second cover layer 70 on the outer peripheral surface over the entire circumference and vulcanizing it by applying pressure and temperature in a predetermined vulcanizing mold. Is done. In this case, since the adhesive for vulcanization adhesion with the rubber 54 is appropriately applied to the surfaces of the reinforcing plates 51, 52, 53, the reinforcing plates 51, 52, 53 and the rubber 54 are bonded. The Further, by vulcanization molding in a vulcanization mold, the rubber 54 of the laminate 50 and the first cover layer 60 are bonded by vulcanization, and the first cover layer 60 and the second cover layer 70 are vulcanized. Combine by sulfur.

  The laminated rubber bearing configured as described above supports the bridge girder 1 in the vertical direction and / or in the horizontal direction. Further, for example, when the bridge expands and contracts in the bridge axis direction X due to a change in temperature, the laminated rubber bearing is elastically deformed in the bridge axis direction X as shown in FIG. When a load in the vertical direction is applied to the laminated rubber support, the rubber 54 between the reinforcing plates 51, 52, 53 is pushed outward in the horizontal direction, and the laminated body is pushed by the pushed rubber 54 as shown in FIG. 50 side surfaces protrude, and the cover layers 60 and 70 are deformed in accordance with the protrusions.

  Further, when rubber is exposed to ozone or ultraviolet rays in a state where tensile deformation has occurred, the surface is relatively deteriorated and cracks such as ozone cracks are likely to occur on the surface. Further, below the bridge girder 1 is a place that is relatively easily affected by ultraviolet rays and ozone. Therefore, when the laminated rubber support is elastically deformed in the bridge axis direction X as shown in FIG. 4 or when a load in the vertical direction is applied as shown in FIG. 5, cracks such as ozone cracks are formed on the rubber surface of the laminated rubber support. It can be said that the situation is likely to occur.

  Here, in the laminated rubber support of the present embodiment, the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 60 is different from the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer. For example, the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 60 is white. Since it is gray, yellow, orange, red, pink, green or blue and the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer 60 is black, a crack C is generated as shown in FIG. When viewed from the A direction, the first cover layer 60 having a color different from that of the second cover layer 70 can be seen on the appearance, and it is easily and clearly visible that the crack C extends to the first cover layer 60. It becomes possible.

  Moreover, since the 1st cover layer 60 is provided so that the side surfaces 50a and 50b of the laminated body 50 may be covered, and the 2nd cover layer 70 is provided so that the outer peripheral surface of the 1st cover layer 60 may be covered, FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, even if a crack occurs in the second cover layer 70 and the crack extends to the first cover layer 60, the crack does not reach the laminate 50 until the crack penetrates the first cover layer 60. . For this reason, it becomes possible to repair or replace the laminated rubber bearing before the crack extends in the rubber 54 of the laminated body 50.

  For this reason, the laminated rubber bearing of the first embodiment can easily and accurately perform the appearance inspection of the laminated rubber bearing, and can repair or repair the laminated rubber bearing before the cracks extend to the rubber 54 of the laminated body 50. It can be exchanged, which is extremely advantageous for proper maintenance of the laminated rubber bearing.

  Here, the combination of the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 60 and the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer 70 is not limited to the above. For example, the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 60 is yellow. Even in the case of orange, red, pink, green or blue and the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer 70 is white, gray or black, the same effect as described above can be achieved. Further, when the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 60 is black and the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer 70 is white, gray, yellow, orange, red, pink, green or blue, Even when the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 60 is white, gray, or black and the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer 70 is yellow, orange, red, pink, green, or blue, the same effect as described above. The effect can be achieved.

  In addition, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm of the rubber material of the first cover layer 60 is in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm of the second cover layer 70. When the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more, the same effect as described above can be achieved. For example, FIGS. 7 and 8 show the results of measuring the color of the surface (planar portion) of various color rubber materials using a spectral reflectometer (CM-700d) manufactured by Konica Minolta in an atmosphere of about 23 ° C. Among these, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm of the black, gray and white rubber materials is 5% or less, and yellow, orange, red, pink, green and blue The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm of the rubber material is 25% or more. That is, when the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 60 is blue and the rubber material of the second cover layer 70 is black, the spectral reflection in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm of the rubber material of the first cover layer 60. The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the rate is 20% or more with respect to the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm of the second cover layer 70, and the same effect as described above. The effect can be achieved.

  In addition, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500 to 600 nm of the rubber material of the first cover layer 60 is different in the wavelength region of 500 to 600 nm of the second cover layer 70. When the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance is preferably 15% or more, more preferably 25% or more, the same effect as described above can be achieved. That is, when the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 60 is green, yellow, or pink and the rubber material of the second cover layer 70 is black, gray, or white, 500 of the rubber material of the first cover layer 60 is used. The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of ˜600 nm is 15% of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500 to 600 nm of the second cover layer 70. Thus, the same effect as described above can be achieved.

  In addition, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500 to 700 nm of the rubber material of the first cover layer 60 is the difference in the wavelength region of 500 to 700 nm of the second cover layer 70. When the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance is preferably 15% or more, more preferably 25% or more, the same effect as described above can be achieved. That is, when the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 60 is green, yellow, pink or red, and the rubber material of the second cover layer 70 is black, gray or white, the rubber material of the first cover layer 60 The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500 to 700 nm is different from the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500 to 700 nm of the second cover layer 70. It becomes 15% or more, and it is possible to achieve the same effect as described above.

  Since carbon black is superior to white carbon in reinforcing rubber, mechanical strength such as tensile strength and tear strength of the second cover layer 70, ozone resistance, ultraviolet resistance, etc. are improved. In order to improve the durability of the laminated rubber bearing, the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer 70 is more preferably black.

  Next, a laminated rubber bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the ninth to tenth aspects. The laminated rubber bearing in the second child form includes an upper rod 30, a lower rod 40, and a laminated body 50 equivalent to those of the first embodiment, and further, a side surface 50 a in the bridge axis direction X of the laminated body 50 and a bridge axis perpendicular. A first cover layer 80 covering the side surface 50b in the direction Y; a second cover layer 90 covering the outer peripheral surface of the first cover layer 80; and a third cover layer 100 covering the outer peripheral surface of the second cover layer 90. Yes.

  The first cover layer 80 is made of, for example, a black rubber material. The first cover layer 80 includes, for example, natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), butadiene rubber (BR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), One type of butyl rubber (IIR), halogenated butyl rubber (BR-IIR, Cl-IIR), chloroprene rubber (CR), silicon rubber (Q), urethane rubber (U), or a mixture of multiple types of polymers Further, carbon black, a vulcanizing agent, a plasticizer, a stabilizer, an anti-aging agent, a processing aid, and a rubber compounding agent such as a pigment are appropriately vulcanized. Other reinforcing agents can be used instead of carbon black.

  The second cover layer 90 is made of, for example, a white, gray, yellow, orange, red, pink, green, or blue rubber material. The second cover layer 90 includes, for example, natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), butadiene rubber (BR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), One carbon of butyl rubber (IIR), halogenated butyl rubber (BR-IIR, Cl-IIR), or chloroprene rubber (CR), or a mixture of multiple types of polymers, white carbon such as silica, vulcanizing agent, A plasticizer, a stabilizer, an anti-aging agent, a processing aid, a pigment, carbon black and the like are appropriately vulcanized. For example, when the pigment is not used, the second cover layer 90 is white. When a small amount of carbon black is added, the second cover layer 90 is gray. When the pigment is used, the second cover layer 90 changes to the pigment color. It becomes the color according to.

  The third cover layer 100 is made of, for example, a black rubber material. The third cover layer 100 is superior in weather resistance to natural rubber, isoprene rubber or styrene butadiene rubber, for example, ethylene propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM), halogenated butyl rubber (BR-IIR, Cl-IIR), chloroprene rubber. (CR), urethane rubber (U), silicon rubber (Q), or a mixture of one or more polymers, carbon black, vulcanizing agent, plasticizer, stabilizer, anti-aging agent, processing A rubber compounding agent such as an auxiliary agent or a pigment is appropriately vulcanized. Other reinforcing agents can be used instead of carbon black.

  The laminated portion 50 of the laminated rubber support of the present embodiment includes a lower reinforcing plate 52, an unvulcanized rubber sheet for molding the rubber 54, a reinforcing plate 53, an unvulcanized rubber sheet for molding the rubber 54, and a reinforcement. After laminating the plate 53,... The unvulcanized rubber sheet for molding the rubber 54 and the upper reinforcing plate 51 in this order, a plurality of unvulcanized rubber sheets for molding the rubber 54 and the reinforcing plates 51, 52, 53 An unvulcanized rubber sheet for forming the first cover layer 80 is wrapped around the entire side surface of the unvulcanized laminate in which the first cover layer 80 is formed, An unvulcanized rubber sheet for forming the second cover layer 90 is wound around the entire circumference of the vulcanized rubber sheet, and an outer circumference of the unvulcanized rubber sheet for forming the second cover layer 90 An unvulcanized rubber sheet for molding the third cover layer 100 Winding over the circumference, it is molded by vulcanization which apply pressure and temperature within a predetermined vulcanizing mold. By vulcanization molding in a vulcanization mold, the rubber 54 of the laminate 50 and the first cover layer 80 are bonded by vulcanization, and the first cover layer 80 and the second cover layer 90 are vulcanized. The second cover layer 90 and the third cover layer 100 are bonded by vulcanization.

  As in the first embodiment, the laminated rubber bearing configured as described above is elastically deformed in the bridge axis direction X when the bridge expands and contracts in the bridge axis direction X due to a change in temperature, for example. When a load in the vertical direction is applied to the laminated rubber support, the rubber 54 between the reinforcing plates 51, 52, 53 is pushed outward in the horizontal direction, and the laminated body 50 is pushed by the pushed rubber 54 as shown in FIG. The cover layers 80, 90, 100 are deformed in accordance with the protrusion.

  Here, in the laminated rubber support of the present embodiment, the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer 90 is different from the color of the rubber material of the third cover layer 100. For example, the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer 90 is white. , Gray, yellow, orange, red, pink, green or blue, and since the color of the rubber material of the third cover layer 100 is black, the third cover layer 100 is cracked, and the crack is second. When the cover layer 90 is reached, the second cover layer 90 having a color different from that of the third cover layer 100 can be seen on the appearance, and it is easily and clearly visible that the crack extends to the second cover layer 90. It is.

  Further, the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 80 and the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer 90 are different. For example, the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 80 is black, and the rubber of the second cover layer 90 Since the color of the material is white, gray, yellow, orange, red, pink, green or blue, a crack C is generated as shown in FIG. 10, and when this is viewed from the direction A in FIG. The first cover layer 80 having a color different from that of the two cover layers 90 can be seen on the appearance, and the fact that the crack C extends to the first cover layer 80 can be easily and clearly visually recognized.

  Here, when the crack C is viewed from the direction A in FIG. 10, when the crack C extends to the second cover layer 90, it is visually recognized as shown in FIG. 11A, and the crack C extends to the first cover layer 80. When extended, it is visually recognized as shown in FIG. For this reason, even when the first cover layer 80 is made of a black rubber material, a black portion is formed at the center of the second cover layer 90 made of a rubber material other than black when the opening of the crack C is open. Since it is clearly visually recognized, it is easily and clearly visible that the crack C extends to the first cover layer 80.

  The first cover layer 80 is provided so as to cover the side surfaces 50 a and 50 b of the stacked body 50, the second cover layer 90 is provided so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the first cover layer 80, and the third cover layer 100. Is provided so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the second cover layer 90, so that a crack is generated in the second cover layer 90 as shown in FIG. 10 and the crack extends to the first cover layer 80. However, since the crack does not reach the laminated body 50 until the crack penetrates the first cover layer 80, it is possible to repair or replace the laminated rubber support before the crack extends to the rubber 54 of the laminated body 50. Become.

  As described above, the laminated rubber bearing of the second embodiment can easily and accurately perform the appearance inspection of the laminated rubber bearing, and the laminated rubber bearing can be used before the crack extends to the rubber 54 of the laminated body 50. It can be repaired or exchanged, which is extremely advantageous for properly performing the maintenance of the laminated rubber bearing.

  In addition, since the rubber material of the adjacent cover layers has the first, second and third cover layers 80, 90, and 100, the cracks generated in the cover layer compared to the case of the two layers are different. It is possible to confirm the depth in more detail, which is extremely advantageous for properly performing the maintenance of the laminated rubber bearing.

  Here, the combination of the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 80, the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer 90, and the color of the rubber material of the third cover layer 90 is not limited to the above. The color of the rubber material of the cover layer 80 is yellow, orange, red, pink, green or blue, the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer 90 is white, gray or black, and the rubber material of the third cover layer 80 Even when the color is yellow, orange, red, pink, green or blue, the same effect as described above can be achieved.

  In addition, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm of the rubber material of the first cover layer 80 and the third cover layer 100 is 400 of the second cover layer 90. When the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of ˜700 nm is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more, the same effect as described above can be achieved. That is, when the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 80 is black, the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer 90 is pink, and the color of the rubber material of the third cover layer 100 is black, the first cover The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm of the rubber material of the layer 60 is the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm of the second cover layer 70. It becomes 20% or more with respect to the difference of the above, and the same effect as described above can be achieved.

  In addition, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500 to 600 nm of the rubber material of the first cover layer 80 and the third cover layer 100 is 500 of the second cover layer 90. When the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of ˜600 nm is preferably 15% or more, more preferably 25% or more, the same effect as described above can be achieved. That is, when the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 80 and the third cover layer 100 is green, yellow, or pink, and the rubber material of the second cover layer 90 is black, gray, or white, the first cover layer The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500 to 600 nm of the rubber material of 80 and the third cover layer 100 is the maximum of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500 to 600 nm of the second cover layer 90. The difference between the value and the minimum value is 15% or more, and the same effect as described above can be achieved.

  In addition, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500 to 700 nm of the rubber material of the first cover layer 80 and the third cover layer 100 is 500 of the second cover layer 90. When the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of ˜700 nm is preferably 15% or more, more preferably 25% or more, the same effect as described above can be achieved. That is, when the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 80 and the third cover layer 100 is green, yellow, pink or red, and the rubber material of the second cover layer 90 is black, gray or white, the first The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500 to 700 nm of the rubber material of the cover layer 80 and the third cover layer 100 is the spectral reflectance of the second cover layer 90 in the wavelength region of 500 to 700 nm. The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value is 15% or more, and the same effect as described above can be achieved.

  In addition, since carbon black is superior to white carbon and the like in reinforcing rubber, mechanical strength such as tensile strength and tear strength of the third cover layer 100, ozone resistance, ultraviolet resistance, etc. In order to improve the durability of the laminated rubber bearing, the color of the rubber material of the third cover layer 100 is preferably black. That is, the color of the rubber material of the third cover layer 100 is preferably black, and the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer 90 is preferably white, gray, yellow, orange, red, pink, green, blue, or the like.

  Furthermore, since carbon black is superior to white carbon in reinforcing rubber, mechanical strength such as tensile strength and tear strength of the first cover layer 80, ozone resistance, ultraviolet resistance, etc. are improved. Even when the crack extends to the third cover layer 100, the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 80 is preferably black so that the crack does not easily extend to the rubber 54 of the laminate 50. That is, the color of the rubber material of the first cover layer 80 is preferably black, and the color of the rubber material of the second cover layer 90 is preferably white, gray, yellow, orange, red, pink, green, blue, or the like.

  The first cover layer is made of natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), butadiene rubber (BR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), butyl rubber (IIR), halogenated butyl rubber (BR-) which has excellent tear resistance. IIR, Cl-IIR) and chloroprene rubber (CR) are preferably one kind of polymer or a polymer in which a plurality of kinds of polymers are mixed. As a result, the extension of cracks reaching the first cover layer 100 can be delayed, which is extremely advantageous in improving the durability of the laminated rubber bearing.

  In the present embodiment, the unvulcanized rubber for forming the first cover layer 80 on the side surface of the unvulcanized laminate in which a plurality of unvulcanized rubber sheets and the reinforcing plates 51, 52, 53 are laminated. After the sheet was wound over the entire circumference, the first cover layer 80 was formed by vulcanization molding using a predetermined vulcanization mold. On the other hand, while increasing the quantity of the unvulcanized rubber sheet for shape | molding the rubber | gum 54 arrange | positioned between each reinforcement board 51,52,53, several unvulcanized rubber sheets and each reinforcement board 51,52, 53, an unvulcanized rubber sheet for forming the second cover layer 90 is wound around the entire circumference on the side surface of the unvulcanized laminate in which the second cover layer 90 is formed. An unvulcanized rubber sheet for forming the third cover layer 100 is wrapped around the entire circumference of the vulcanized rubber sheet, and this is applied with pressure and temperature in a predetermined vulcanizing mold. It is also possible to mold the laminated portion 50 by sulfurating. In this case, as shown in FIG. 12, unvulcanized rubber between the reinforcing plates 51, 52, 53 overflows, and the first cover layer 80 is formed by the overflowed rubber, and the rubber material of the first cover layer 80 is It is the same as the rubber material of the rubber 54.

  In addition, in this embodiment, what provided the 1st-3rd cover layers 80, 90, 100 was shown. On the other hand, it is also possible to provide one or more cover layers on the outer peripheral surface of the third cover layer 100 so that the color of the rubber material of each cover layer is different from the color of the rubber material of the adjacent cover layer. is there. In this case, the depth of the crack generated in the cover layer can be visually recognized more quantitatively.

  In the first and second embodiments, the first and second cover layers 60 and 70 or the first, second and second cover layers 60 and 70 are formed on both side surfaces 50a in the bridge axis direction X and both side surfaces 50b in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. What provided the 3rd cover layers 80, 90, and 100 was shown. On the other hand, the first and second cover layers 60 and 70 or the first, second and third cover layers 80, 90 and 100 are provided only on one of the four side surfaces of the laminate 50 where cracks are likely to occur. In this case, the same effect as described above can be achieved.

  In the first and second embodiments, the first cover layers 60 and 80 are bonded to the side surfaces 50a and 50b of the laminate 50 by vulcanization. On the other hand, only the laminated body 50 is vulcanized and molded in a predetermined vulcanization mold, and a rubber sheet formed by vulcanization is attached to the side surface of the vulcanized laminated body 50 with an adhesive. The first cover layers 60 and 80 can be bonded to the side surface of the laminate 50, and the second and third cover layers can be similarly configured.

  In the first and second embodiments, the laminated rubber bearing for supporting the bridge girder 1 is shown. However, it is possible to apply the same configuration as that of the present embodiment to the laminated rubber bearing for buildings and other large buildings. .

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Bridge girder, 2 ... Support body, 10 ... Sole plate, 20 ... Base plate, 30 ... Upper collar, 40 ... Lower collar, 50 ... Laminated body, 50a ... Side surface in the direction of a bridge axis, 50b ... Side surface in a direction perpendicular to a bridge axis, 51 ... Upper reinforcing plate, 52 ... Lower reinforcing plate, 53 ... Reinforcing plate, 54 ... Rubber, 60 ... First cover layer, 70 ... Second cover layer, 80 ... First cover layer, 90 ... Second cover layer, 100: Third cover layer.

Claims (12)

In a laminated rubber bearing for a building having a laminate formed by laminating a plurality of reinforcing plates and rubber in the vertical direction,
Made of a rubber material, a first cover layer covering the side surfaces of the laminate in the direction of the surface of the stacking direction and Cartesian of the laminate,
A laminated rubber bearing for a building, comprising at least a second cover layer made of a rubber material having a color different from that of the first cover layer and covering the outer peripheral surface of the first cover layer. In a laminated rubber bearing for a building having a laminate formed by laminating a plurality of reinforcing plates and rubber in the vertical direction,
Made of a rubber material, a first cover layer covering the side surfaces of the laminate in the direction of the surface of the stacking direction and Cartesian of the laminate,
A second cover layer made of a rubber material having a different color from the first cover layer and covering the outer peripheral surface of the first cover layer;
A laminated rubber bearing for a building, comprising at least a third cover layer made of a rubber material having a color different from that of the second cover layer and covering the outer peripheral surface of the second cover layer. One of the rubber material of the first cover layer and the rubber material of the second cover layer is white, gray, yellow, orange, red, pink, green, or blue, and the other is black. A laminated rubber bearing for a building according to claim 1 or 2. One of the rubber material of the first and third cover layers or the rubber material of the second cover layer is white, gray, yellow, orange, red, pink, green or blue, and the other is black. The laminated rubber bearing for a building according to claim 2, wherein the laminated rubber bearing is for a building . One of the rubber material of the first cover layer or the rubber material of the second cover layer is any one of yellow, orange, red, pink, green or blue, and the other is any of white, gray or black. The laminated rubber bearing for a building according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the above-mentioned. One of the rubber material of the first and third cover layers or the rubber material of the second cover layer is either yellow, orange, red, pink, green or blue, and the other is either white, gray or black The laminated rubber bearing for buildings according to claim 2, wherein the laminated rubber bearing is for buildings . The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm of the rubber material of the first cover layer is the maximum of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm of the rubber material of the second cover layer. The laminated rubber bearing for a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the difference is 20% or more with respect to a difference between the value and the minimum value. The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm of the rubber material of the first and third cover layers is the spectral reflection in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm of the rubber material of the second cover layer. The laminated rubber bearing for a building according to claim 2, wherein the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the rate differs by 20% or more. The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500~600nm rubber material of the first cover layer, the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500~600nm rubber material of the second cover layer The laminated rubber bearing for a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the difference is 15% or more with respect to a difference between the maximum value and the minimum value. The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectivity in the wavelength region of 500~600nm rubber material of the first and third cover layer, spectral in the wavelength region of 500~600nm rubber material of the second cover layer The laminated rubber bearing for a building according to claim 2, wherein the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the reflectance is different by 15% or more. The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500~700nm rubber material of the first cover layer, the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500~700nm rubber material of the second cover layer The laminated rubber bearing for a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the difference is 15% or more with respect to a difference between the maximum value and the minimum value. The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral reflectance in the wavelength region of 500~700nm rubber material of the first and third cover layer, spectral in the wavelength region of 500~700nm rubber material of the second cover layer The laminated rubber bearing for a building according to claim 2, wherein the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the reflectance is different by 15% or more.