JP5684770B2 - Granulator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a granulating apparatus for producing a large-diameter granule by growing a powder to a predetermined particle size or more.

  Conventionally, as this type of granulating apparatus, a so-called “Worster type” fluidized bed apparatus is known.

  Specifically, by placing a cylinder open at both ends in the center of the granulation container and generating an upward air flow inside the cylinder, the center, ceiling, and side of the granulation container In addition, a circulating gas flow that circulates in the order of the bottom part and the central part is generated, the powder is put on the circulating gas stream and circulated, and the medicine is sprayed onto the powder in the cylinder so that the powders are agglomerated or powdered. The surface of the body is coated (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).

JPO, “Standard Technology Collection”, Agrochemical formulation technology (B-1- (4) coating technology), [online], [Searched on December 7, 2007], Internet [URL: http: //www.jpo .go.jp / shiryou / index.htm]

  By the way, in the conventional granulation apparatus described above, the bottom of the granulation vessel is closed, and large-diameter particles that have grown beyond a predetermined particle size and separated from the circulating gas flow are accumulated at the bottom of the granulation vessel. As a result, a situation in which the variation in the particle size becomes large could occur.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and aims at provision of the granulation apparatus which can improve the uniformity of a particle size.

In order to achieve the above object, the granulating apparatus according to the invention of claim 1 is configured such that a plasma flame is sprayed on circulating powder or heat, ions, or a mist-like adsorbent is applied to each other. the attachment or at the powder surface by growing a layer of adsorbent material to a granulator to produce a larger diameter body grown on predetermined particle size or less, by standing the cylindrical body from the bottom of the container A coil-type or screw-type conveyor is rotatably provided inside the cylinder, and the powder accumulated at the bottom of the container is received from the powder intake opening opened at the bottom of the cylinder and is raised by the conveyor. towards the bottom of the container from the front end of the upper side to the overhanging discharge pipe fall freely, or to inject plasma flame the powder in the fall, the heat in those which confer ionic or mist adsorbing material The cylinder passes through the bottom of the container Has more projecting downward, opening and closing valve for opening and closing the lower end opening of the cylindrical body, the said lower end portion of the protruding cylinder from the container downward was a cover cylinder body surrounding from the side. "Granulation" includes the production of large-diameter particles by agglomerating powders, and the formation of large-diameter particles by coating the surface of the powder with an adsorbent (coating) and growing the coating layer. Includes those that make the body.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the granulating apparatus according to claim 1, the lower end side of the cover cylinder is formed as a tapered cylinder portion that tapers downward .

According to the granulation apparatus according to the present invention configured as described above, the powder accumulated at the bottom of the container rises by a coil-type or screw-type conveyor and freely moves from the tip of the discharge pipe toward the bottom of the container. By falling, it circulates in the container. Thus, since increasing the powder by a coil-type or screw conveyor it becomes possible also that a large diameter granules circulating within the container, it is possible to improve the uniformity of particle size than the conventional .

Side sectional view of the granulation container according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Cross section of powder feeder Expanded cross-sectional view of the powder feeder Perspective view of revolving member in container Scraper perspective view Perspective view of the top bottom wall Cross-sectional perspective view of bottom wall at the bottom Cross section of bottom wall at the bottom Perspective view of the top bottom wall Perspective view of bottom wall at the bottom The perspective view of the powder supply apparatus which concerns on a modification (1)

[First Embodiment]
DESCRIPTION granulator 470 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10. As shown in FIG. 1, granulator 470 supplies the granulation container 460 of granulating the larger diameter of the predetermined particle size or less from raw material powder, the raw material powder in the granulation vessel 460 Therefore, it can be divided into a powder supply device 20 for measuring the weight of the large-diameter particles discharged from the granulation container 460 (specifically, a scale) (not shown).

  First, the powder supply apparatus 20 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the powder supply apparatus 20 includes a powder container 21 that contains raw material powder. The powder container 21 includes a large-diameter cylindrical portion 22, a small-diameter cylindrical portion 23, and a powder discharge cylindrical portion 24, and has a structure that is reduced in diameter as it goes downward. The lower end portion of the side wall of the large diameter cylindrical portion 22 and the upper end portion of the side wall of the small diameter cylindrical portion 23 are connected by a flat horizontal step wall 25, and the powder discharge cylindrical portion 24 is connected to the small diameter cylindrical portion 23. Screwed to the outside. Then, the powder is discharged from the lower surface opening of the powder discharge cylinder portion 24.

  The upper end of the powder container 21 (large diameter cylindrical portion 22) is open, and is closed by an upper end cap 26 that is screwed to the outer peripheral surface of the upper end. A motor 27 that is driven and controlled by a control device (not shown) is fixedly placed at the center of the upper surface of the upper end cap 26. The rotary shaft 27A connected to the motor 27 extends through the upper end cap 26 along the central axis of the large diameter cylindrical portion 22 and the small diameter cylindrical portion 23. The rotating shaft 27A has a hexagonal columnar shape with a stepped lower side from the intermediate portion, and a container inner disk 28 is attached to the lower end portion of the thick shaft portion so as to be integrally rotatable.

  The in-container disk 28 is disposed so as to overlap the upper surface of the horizontal step wall 25, and loosely fits in the large-diameter cylindrical portion 22 so as to cover the upper surface opening of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 23 and the periphery of the horizontal step wall 25. doing. Specifically, the container inner disk 28 is formed of a flat disk having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the large diameter cylindrical portion 22 and larger than the inner diameter of the small diameter cylindrical portion 23, and the upper surface of the horizontal step wall 25. It is mounted horizontally away from the top.

  In order to scrape the powder deposited on the inner disc 28 into an annular gap between the peripheral edge of the inner disc 28 and the side wall of the large diameter cylinder portion 22, an inner surface is placed on the inner surface of the large diameter cylinder portion 22. A guide 29 is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the upper surface standby guide 29 has a plate shape bent in an L shape. The horizontal plate 29A of the upper surface standby guide 29 is disposed adjacent to the upper surface of the in-container disk 28, and a vertical plate 29B extending vertically upward from the base end portion of the horizontal plate 29A is fixed to the upper end cap 26.

  Then, by attaching the flat surface on the front end side of the horizontal plate 29A to the side surface of the rotation shaft 27A, the horizontal plate 29A is inclined with respect to the rotation direction of the inner disc 28, and when the inner disc 28 is rotated, The powder on the container inner disk 28 is blocked by the horizontal plate 29A and guided toward the outer edge of the container inner disk 28. Further, since the base end portion of the horizontal plate 29A extends to a position outside the outer edge portion of the inner disc 28, the powder guided by the horizontal plate 29A is transferred to the outer edge portion of the horizontal step wall 25, that is, the horizontal step wall. It is made to flow down to the annular deposition part 25A provided along the outer edge part of the container inner disk 28 among the upper surfaces of 25. Furthermore, since the upper surface standby guide 29 agitates the powder in the powder container 21, it is possible to prevent the powder from solidifying in the large diameter cylindrical portion 22. As a result, the powder on the in-container disk 28 can stably flow down to the annular deposition portion 25A.

  The powder that has flowed down to the annular deposition portion 25A by the upper surface standby guide 29 forms a powder pile having a predetermined angle of repose between the inner disk 28 and the horizontal step wall 25. The angle of repose of the peak of the powder is constant depending on the type of powder, and it is possible to prevent excessive powder from being supplied from the inner disk 28 to the horizontal step wall 25. That is, the powder can be dammed between the inner disk 28 and the upper surface of the horizontal step wall 25 so that the powder does not collapse into the small diameter cylindrical portion 23.

  The crest of the powder deposited on the annular depositing portion 25 </ b> A is scraped off by the in-container turning member 30 rotating in the large-diameter cylindrical portion 22 and sent to the small-diameter cylindrical portion 23. The in-container turning member 30 is fixed to the rotating shaft 27A. As shown in FIG. 4, the cantilever-shaped powder collecting blades 32 and the dusting blades 33 are formed laterally from the axial center plate 31 through which the rotating shaft 27A passes. Is extended. These dust collection wings 32 and dust wings 33 rotate in a horizontal plane while being in sliding contact with the upper surface of the horizontal step wall 25 (see FIG. 3).

  The powder collection blade 32 has a bent structure in which a plurality of flat plates are connected so as to swell in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the in-container revolving member 30 (the direction of the arrow in FIG. 4), while the dust distribution blade 33 is in the revolving state in the container. It extends straight from the axial center plate 31 toward the side wall of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 22 in a state inclined with respect to the rotation direction of the member 30. Although not shown, the dust collection blade 32 extends to a position where the tip thereof is adjacent to the side wall of the large diameter cylindrical portion 22, and the dust collection blade 33 is shorter than that.

  Then, the powder accumulated on the annular accumulation portion 25A is guided to the center side by the powder collection blade 32 and fed to the small-diameter cylindrical portion 23, and the powder collected by the powder collection blade 32 by the dust blade 33 is removed to the outside. When the powder collection blade 32 passes next, it is taken into the small diameter cylindrical portion 23 and the pressure applied to the powder in the small diameter cylindrical portion 23 is easily stabilized. In addition, the powder collecting blade 32 and the dust blade 33 cooperate to stir the powder, and the powder lump in the annular deposition portion 25A is also pulverized.

  As shown in FIG. 4, an auxiliary guide wall 34 that is obliquely cut and raised from the shaft center plate 31 is formed at the base portion of the powder collection blade 32 of the shaft center plate 31 of the in-container turning member 30. The auxiliary guide wall 34 is inclined so as to gradually go down in the powder guiding direction by the powder collection blades 32. Then, the powder guided to the powder collection blade 32 and reaching the base end portion thereof is forcibly dropped to the small diameter cylindrical portion 23 by the auxiliary guide wall 34.

  The in-container turning member 30 is integrally provided with a plurality of turning legs 35 and 36 extending downward from the shaft center plate 31. As shown in FIG. 3, these swinging leg portions 35 and 36 are both disposed in the small diameter cylindrical portion 23 and can turn there.

  The first swivel legs 35 are provided in pairs on the root portion of the dust wings 33 and the root portion of the dust collection wings 32 of the shaft plate 31. The first swivel leg 35 has a band plate shape, and is slanted toward the rear of the swivel direction of the swivel member 30 in the container as it goes downward (specifically, about 30 degrees with respect to the vertical direction). Inclined and extended.

  The second swivel leg portion 36 hangs down from the base portion of the dust wing 33 of the axial center plate 31, and has a band plate shape having substantially the same width as the first swivel leg portion 35.

  These swivel legs 35 and 36 swirl within the small-diameter cylindrical portion 23, so that powder solidification and aggregation within the small-diameter cylindrical portion 23 are prevented.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a pair of bottom walls 37 and 38 are provided in two upper and lower stages below the lower ends of the first and second swivel legs 35 and 36 in the powder container 21. It has been.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the upper bottom wall 37 has a structure in which a plurality of powder passage holes 37 </ b> A are formed through a thin disk. These powder passage holes 37A are closed by an arch formed by adhering (crosslinking) the powders fed from the large diameter cylindrical portion 22 to the small diameter cylindrical portion 23, and the powder arch collapsed. The size is such that the powder can pass through. Specifically, the arch is destroyed by the vibration of the ultrasonic vibrator 37B attached to the upper bottom wall 37, and the powder falls to the lower bottom wall 38. In the present embodiment, the bottom wall 37 in the upper stage is prepared in a plurality of types in which the size, number and arrangement of the powder passage holes 37A are different (for example, see FIG. 9). It is possible to select and attach appropriately according to the particle size and the like.

  On the other hand, the bottom wall 38 of the lower stage is formed with only one powder passage hole 38A at the center. As shown in FIG. 7, the powder passage hole 38A has a mortar shape with a diameter reduced downward, and as shown in FIG. 8, the smallest diameter hole diameter is several times the average particle diameter of the powder P1. It is about. As a result, the powder can be discharged in a very small amount (for example, 1 to 3 particles). Here, the ultrasonic vibrator 38B is attached to the bottom wall 38 of the lower stage. If the powder passage hole 38A is clogged, the powder is forcibly dropped by the vibration of the ultrasonic vibrator 38B. It is possible to eliminate clogging. As shown in FIG. 10, the bottom wall 38 in the lower stage has more powder passage holes 38 </ b> A that are several times the average particle diameter of the powder than the number of powder passage holes 37 </ b> A in the upper bottom wall 37. The thing provided is also prepared and can be appropriately selected and attached.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the bottom walls 37 and 38 can be inserted / removed through slits 24 </ b> A and 24 </ b> A opened to the side surface of the powder discharge cylinder portion 24, and the peripheral edge portion of the upper bottom wall 37 has a small diameter. It is sandwiched between the lower end portion of the cylindrical portion 23 and the inner peripheral step surface of the powder discharge cylindrical portion 24, and the bottom wall 38 of the lower stage is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the powder discharge cylindrical portion 24. Is engaged with the groove. In addition, the leakage of powder from the gaps between the slits 24A, 24A and the bottom walls 37, 38 is prevented by a pair of O-rings that are in close contact with the bottom walls 37, 38 from the thickness direction. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a scraper 40 is provided on the upper surface of the lower bottom wall 38. The scraper 40 is detachably fixed to a lower end portion of a rotating shaft 27A (thin shaft portion) that penetrates the upper bottom wall 37. As shown in FIG. 5, the scraper 40 includes a cylindrical portion 41 that fits outside the rotating shaft 27 </ b> A, and a strip plate portion 42 that protrudes in a cantilevered manner from the lower surface of the cylindrical portion 41. The plate portion 42 is curved so as to swell toward the rear in the rotational direction. The scraper 40 turns while being in sliding contact with the upper surface of the bottom wall 38 of the lower stage, scrapes the powder that has passed through the upper screen 37 and dropped onto the bottom wall 38 of the lower stage, and gathers it to the center thereof, thereby passing through the powder passage hole. It is configured to drop from 38 </ b> A downward to the powder supply device 20. The above is the description of the powder supply apparatus 20. It should be noted that “powders” are “aggregates of solid particles”, and “solid particles” include primary particles, secondary particles, and aggregated particles. . Further, the size of the solid particles includes a so-called “nanoparticle” level.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the above-described powder supply device 20 is suspended from the platform balance 48 via a suspension member, and the amount of powder discharged from the powder supply device 20 is the powder. The total weight reduction amount of the supply device 20 is measured and output to a control device (not shown).

Now, the granulating apparatus 470 of this embodiment pushes up powder from the lower end part of the granulation container 460 to the upper end part by a powder conveying apparatus such as a coil type conveyor or a screw type conveyor, and under its own weight from the upper end part. by dropping, Ru circulated flow. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , a conveyor tube 461 (corresponding to the “tubular body” of the present invention) extending in the vertical direction is disposed in the granulation container 460, and the lower end portion of the conveyor tube 461 is formed. The lower end opening 461A of the conveyor tube 461 protruding downward from the lower end portion of the grain container 460 can be opened and closed by an opening / closing valve 462. Further, among the conveyor tubes 461, a powder intake port 463 that opens to the inside of the granulation vessel 460 is formed through the lower end portion of the granulation vessel 460, and obliquely downward at the upper end portion of the conveyor tube 461. A branch pipe 464 extending toward is integrally provided. A coil 466 that is rotationally driven by a motor 465 is provided inside the conveyor tube 461.

Moreover, it is provided with a cover cylinder 467 that protrudes downward from the granulation vessel 470 and surrounds the lower end of the conveyor tube 461 from the side, and becomes a tapered cylinder 468 that tapers as the lower end of the cover cylinder 467 goes downward. ing.

  When a predetermined amount of powder is supplied to the granulation container 460 in advance with the lower end opening 461A of the conveyor tube 461 closed by the opening / closing valve 462, and the supply of the powder is stopped, the coil 466 is rotated. The powder accumulated at the bottom of 460 flows into the conveyor tube 461 from the powder inlet 463 and is conveyed vertically upward by the coil 466. When the upper end of the conveyor tube 461 is reached, the powder is discharged obliquely downward through a branch pipe 464 (corresponding to the “discharge pipe” of the present invention). The powder discharged from the branch pipe 464 is irradiated with the plasma flame F <b> 2 generated by the plasma torch 70.

When such a circulating flow is performed for a predetermined time to generate large-diameter particles, the rotation of the coil 466 is stopped and the on-off valve 462 is opened. Then, the large-diameter granule in the granulation container 460 is discharged from the lower end opening 461A of the conveyor tube 461 to the collection container via the powder inlet 463. The coil 466 may be a shafted or non-axial screw. Further, an ionizer 220 may be provided in place of the plasma torch 70.
[Other Embodiments]

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the embodiments described below are also included in the technical scope of the present invention, and various other than the following can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. It can be changed and implemented.

( 1 ) The powder supply device is not limited to the structure of the above embodiment, and may be other known powder supply devices. Further, in the powder supply device 20 of the above-described embodiment, an L-shaped pipe 360 shown in FIG. 11 is connected instead of the powder discharge cylinder portion 24, and an L-shape is provided by a vibrator 361 provided in the middle of the L-shaped pipe 360. By oscillating the pipe 360 (low frequency vibration or ultrasonic vibration), the powder may be discharged little by little. Further, by providing a flange portion 362 having a V-shaped cross section at the tip of the L-shaped pipe 360, the powder may be arranged in a line and discharged in a very small amount (one by one).

( 2 ) Nanoparticles may be synthesized using powder as a raw material and supplied to the granulation vessel 470 . Specifically, the nanoparticles dropped from the powder supply device 20 may be passed through a plasma flame to synthesize nanoparticles.

( 3 ) Alternatively, nanoparticles may be synthesized by a so-called “gas phase synthesis method” and supplied to the granulation vessel 470 as “powder” according to the present invention. Specifically, instead of the powder supply device 20, a source gas supply source that is a raw material for the nanoparticles is provided, and the raw material gas is passed through the plasma flame to synthesize the nanoparticles. Furthermore, a suspension in which powder is suspended, a slurry or a solution in which a powder raw material is dissolved, or a solution in which an organic material raw material and an organic compound raw material are dissolved are made into fine droplets, and the fine droplets are converted into a plasma flame. The powder (nanoparticles) may be produced by drying or ionization with heat, and the powder may be supplied to the granulation vessel 470 and circulated as it is.

( 4 ) The weight of the powder supply device 20 is measured by the platform balance 48. However, depending on the material characteristics of the powder and the purpose of the granulation / coating product, the powder supply device 20 is measured using a calibration curve prepared in advance. May be.

20 Powder supply device 63A Gas discharge hole 70 Plasma torch
460 Granulation container (container)
461 Conveyor tube (cylinder)
462 On-off valve 463 Powder inlet
464 Branch pipe (discharge pipe)
466 coil
467 Cover cylinder
468 Tapered tube

Claims (2)

By spraying a plasma flame on the circulating powder, or by applying heat, ions or mist-like adsorbents, the powders are attached to each other, or a layer of the adsorbents is grown on the surface of the powder. A granulating apparatus for producing large-diameter particles grown to a predetermined particle size or more ,
A cylindrical body is erected from the bottom of the container, and a coil-type or screw-type conveyor is rotatably provided inside the cylindrical body, and the powder collected in the bottom of the cylindrical body is opened at the bottom of the cylindrical body. Received from the entrance, lifted by the conveyor, dropped freely from the tip of the discharge pipe protruding to the upper side of the cylinder toward the bottom of the container, and sprayed the plasma flame onto the powder that was falling Or in applying the heat, the ions or the mist-like adsorbent ,
The cylindrical body penetrates the bottom of the container and projects downward from the container;
An on-off valve for opening and closing a lower end opening of the cylindrical body;
A granulation apparatus comprising: a cover cylinder projecting downward from the container and surrounding a lower end portion of the cylinder from the side . 2. The granulating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lower end side of the cover cylindrical body is a tapered cylindrical portion that tapers downward .

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