JP5668628B2 - Railcar steering wheel - Google Patents

Railcar steering wheel Download PDF

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JP5668628B2
JP5668628B2 JP2011160277A JP2011160277A JP5668628B2 JP 5668628 B2 JP5668628 B2 JP 5668628B2 JP 2011160277 A JP2011160277 A JP 2011160277A JP 2011160277 A JP2011160277 A JP 2011160277A JP 5668628 B2 JP5668628 B2 JP 5668628B2
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steering
axle box
coil spring
wheel shaft
amount
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JP2013023093A (en
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嘉之 下川
嘉之 下川
将明 水野
将明 水野
敏世 山野
敏世 山野
智紀 寺前
智紀 寺前
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Description

本発明は、台車の輪軸を操舵する鉄道車両用操舵台車に関するものであり、特にモノリンク式軸箱支持の操舵台車におけるコイルばねに特徴を有するものである。   The present invention relates to a railroad vehicle steering cart that steers a wheel shaft of a cart, and particularly to a coil spring in a steering cart supported by a monolink type axle box.

軸箱支持装置は、乗り心地、高速走行安定性、曲線通過性能の観点から、上下に柔らかく、車両前後進方向(以下、前後方向という。)及び車両幅方向(以下、左右方向という。)に適度な剛性で支持する必要がある。   The axle box support device is soft in the vertical direction from the viewpoint of riding comfort, high-speed running stability, and curve passing performance, and is in the vehicle forward / rearward direction (hereinafter referred to as the front / rear direction) and the vehicle width direction (hereinafter referred to as the right / left direction). It is necessary to support with moderate rigidity.

この軸箱支持装置の前後方向の支持を行うリンクを活用し、リンク長さ相当分を変化させることで操舵機能を発揮するモノリンク式操舵台車は、台車枠と軸箱間の前後方向の荷重をモノリンクで、左右方向の荷重を台車枠のばね帽部と軸箱部の間のロールゴムで、それぞれ独立して負担するため、軸箱を前後に動かすリンク式操舵台車に適した軸箱支持装置である。   A monolink type steering cart that uses a link that supports the axle box support device in the front-rear direction and changes the link length by an amount corresponding to the link length is the load in the front-rear direction between the carriage frame and the axle box. With a monolink, the load in the left and right direction is independently borne by the roll rubber between the spring cap part and the axle box part of the carriage frame, so the axle box support is suitable for a link type steering carriage that moves the axle box back and forth. Device.

しかしながら、モノリンク式ボギー操舵台車の場合、曲線路の通過時、図4に示す頂上ばね式、図5に示すウィング式を問わず、軸箱1が、同図に示す通常時の状態から、輪軸2の軸中心を中心として回転する。   However, in the case of a monolink-type bogie steering cart, when passing through a curved road, regardless of the top spring type shown in FIG. 4 or the wing type shown in FIG. It rotates around the center of the wheel shaft 2.

そして、この軸箱1の回転によって、台車枠5を上下方向に支持するコイルばね4が、図6に示すように、扇形に変形して、扇の要側はより大きく上下方向に縮み、扇の外側の縮み量は要側の縮み量よりも小さくなる。なお、図4及び図5中の3は車体を示す。   As the axle box 1 rotates, the coil spring 4 that supports the carriage frame 5 in the vertical direction is deformed into a fan shape, as shown in FIG. The shrinkage amount on the outer side is smaller than the shrinkage amount on the main side. 4 and 5 indicates a vehicle body.

すなわち、モノリンク式操舵台車では、曲線路の通過時、車体を上下方向に支持するコイルばねは扇形に変形することになるが、このようなコイルばねの変形態様を考慮した操舵台車はなかった。   That is, in the monolink type steering cart, the coil spring that supports the vehicle body in the vertical direction is deformed into a fan shape when passing through the curved road, but there is no steering cart that takes into account such a deformation mode of the coil spring. .

例えば特許文献1では、操舵台車の軸箱支持に関する技術が開示されているが、この技術は前後方向の支持に関するもので、本発明が解決しようとする操舵時における軸箱の回転に起因するコイルばねの変形態様を考慮したものではない。   For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technology related to the support of the axle box of the steering carriage, but this technology relates to the support in the front-rear direction, and the coil caused by the rotation of the axle box during steering that the present invention is to solve. It does not consider the deformation mode of the spring.

従って、最大積載時にコイルばねが密着しないように空車時から密着時までの縮み量を設定している通常台車のコイルばねをそのまま操舵台車に採用した場合は、操舵時、コイルばねが密着した場合には、コイルばねと軸箱部の上下方向荷重の伝達が不均一となって操舵量の制御に影響が出る。   Therefore, when the coil spring of the normal carriage that has set the amount of contraction from the empty time to the close time so that the coil spring does not closely contact at the maximum loading is adopted as it is in the steering cart, the coil spring is in close contact during steering In this case, the transmission of the load in the vertical direction between the coil spring and the shaft box part becomes non-uniform, which affects the control of the steering amount.

発明者らの調査によれば、図4に示した頂上ばね式に比べて、操舵時のコイルばねの変形が大きくなる、図5に示したウィング式軸箱支持装置を備えたモノリンク式ボギー操舵台車では、操舵時の変形によりコイルばねが密着する場合があることが分かった。   According to the inventors' investigation, the deformation of the coil spring during steering is larger than that of the top spring type shown in FIG. 4, and the monolink type bogie equipped with the wing type axle box support device shown in FIG. It has been found that in a steering cart, the coil spring may be in close contact due to deformation during steering.

特開平10−264812号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-264812

本発明が解決しようとする課題は、従来の操舵台車は、操舵時における軸箱の回転に起因するコイルばねの変形態様については考慮されていなかったという点である。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the conventional steering cart does not take into account the deformation mode of the coil spring caused by the rotation of the axle box during steering.

本発明は、操舵時における軸箱の回転に追従しつつ、車体の上下方向荷重を適切に支持できるようにすることを目的としている。   An object of the present invention is to appropriately support a vertical load on a vehicle body while following the rotation of the axle box during steering.

すなわち、本発明の鉄道車両用操舵台車は、
台車の輪軸を操舵可能に構成した操舵台車であって、
輪軸の両端に軸受を介して取り付けられた軸箱と台車枠間に設置されて台車枠を支持するコイルばねを、直線区間での最大積載時の縮み量に加えて、操舵時における軸箱の回転時にも密着しない縮み量を確保したものとすることを最も主要な特徴としている。
That is, the railway vehicle steering carriage of the present invention,
A steering cart configured to steer the wheel axle of the cart,
In addition to the amount of contraction at the maximum loading in the straight section, a coil spring installed between the axle box attached to both ends of the wheel shaft via bearings and supporting the carriage frame to support the carriage frame is added to the axle box during steering. The most important feature is to secure a shrinkage amount that does not adhere even during rotation.

本発明の操舵台車は、直線区間での最大積載時の縮み量に加えて、操舵時における軸箱の回転時にも密着しない縮み量を確保したコイルばねとするので、操舵時にもコイルばねが密着しない。   The steering cart according to the present invention is a coil spring that secures a contraction amount that does not adhere even when the axle box rotates during steering in addition to the contraction amount during maximum loading in a straight section. do not do.

本発明によれば、操舵時にもコイルばねが密着しないので、操舵時、コイルばねと軸箱部の上下方向荷重の伝達が不均一となることがない。   According to the present invention, since the coil spring does not come into close contact during steering, the transmission of the vertical load between the coil spring and the shaft box portion does not become uneven during steering.

頂上ばね式軸箱支持装置を備えたモノリンク式操舵台車に本発明を適用した場合の概念図で、(a)は全体を車両側面から見た図、(b)は通常時における軸箱とコイルばね部の拡大図、(c)は操舵時における軸箱とコイルばね部の拡大図である。It is a conceptual diagram at the time of applying this invention to the monolink type steering trolley | bogie provided with the top spring type axle box support apparatus, (a) is the figure which looked at the whole from the vehicle side surface, (b) is the axle box in the normal time, The enlarged view of a coil spring part, (c) is an enlarged view of a shaft box and a coil spring part at the time of steering. 図1の要部を拡大して示した詳細図で、(a)は車両側面から見た後半分の図、(b)は(a)を車両前後方向から見た図である。FIGS. 2A and 2B are detailed views showing an enlarged main part of FIG. 1, in which FIG. 1A is a diagram for the latter half when viewed from the side of the vehicle, and FIG. 2B is a diagram when FIG. 台車枠側と軸箱側の立ち上がり位置が1/4巻位相がずれているコイルばねを車両の上方向から見た図である。It is the figure which looked at the coil spring from which the rising position of the trolley | bogie frame side and the axle box side shifted | deviated 1/4 phase from the vehicle upward direction. 頂上ばね式軸箱支持装置を備えたモノリンク式操舵台車の概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram of the monolink type steering trolley | bogie provided with the top spring type axle box support apparatus. ウィング式軸箱支持装置を備えたモノリンク式操舵台車の概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram of the monolink type steering trolley | bogie provided with the wing type axle box support apparatus. 操舵時におけるコイルばねの変形態様を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the deformation | transformation aspect of a coil spring at the time of steering.

本発明では、操舵時における軸箱の回転に追従しつつ、車体の上下方向荷重を適切に支持できるようにするという目的を、最大積載時の縮み量に加えて、操舵時における軸箱の回転時にも密着しない縮み量を確保したコイルばねとすることで実現した。   In the present invention, the purpose of properly supporting the vertical load of the vehicle body while following the rotation of the axle box at the time of steering is added to the amount of contraction at the maximum loading, and the rotation of the axle box at the time of steering. This was realized by using a coil spring that secured a shrinkage amount that did not adhere even occasionally.

以下、本発明を実施するための形態例を、図1〜図3を用いて説明する。
図1及び図2は頂上ばね式軸箱支持装置を備えたモノリンク式操舵台車に本発明を適用した場合の図である。
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are diagrams when the present invention is applied to a monolink type steering cart provided with a top spring type axle box support device.

先に説明したように、操舵台車では、操舵時、コイルばねは、輪軸の軸中心を中心とする軸箱の回転により、図5のように扇形に変形するので、扇の要側はより大きく上下方向に縮み、扇の外側の縮み量は要側の縮み量よりも少ない。   As described above, in the steering cart, during steering, the coil spring is deformed into a fan shape as shown in FIG. 5 by the rotation of the shaft box around the center of the wheel shaft, so that the main side of the fan is larger. The amount of shrinkage in the vertical direction is smaller than the amount of shrinkage on the main side.

そこで、本発明の操舵台車11では、最大積載時の縮み量に加えて、操舵時における軸箱1の回転によりコイルばね12に上下縮みが加わっても、図1(c)に示すように、コイルばね12が密着しない縮み量を確保したものとすることを特徴としている。   Therefore, in the steering carriage 11 of the present invention, even if the coil spring 12 is vertically contracted by rotation of the axle box 1 during steering in addition to the amount of contraction at the time of maximum loading, as shown in FIG. It is characterized in that a contraction amount at which the coil spring 12 does not adhere is secured.

その際、図1に示すように、コイルばね12と並列に前後方向に動くゴム13が設けられている場合には、軸箱1は、ゴム13の中心近傍を中心として操舵による前後方向の動きによる量だけ傾斜する。従って、前記傾斜動作によってコイルばね12に生じる縮み量を前記積載時の縮み量に加える必要がある。   At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, when a rubber 13 that moves in the front-rear direction in parallel with the coil spring 12 is provided, the axle box 1 moves in the front-rear direction by steering around the center of the rubber 13. Tilt by the amount by. Therefore, it is necessary to add the amount of contraction generated in the coil spring 12 by the tilting operation to the amount of contraction during loading.

このような縮み量を有するコイルばね12を設置した本発明の操舵台車11では、頂上ばね式、ウィング式のどちらの軸箱支持装置を備えたものであっても、操舵時にコイルばね12が密着することがない。従って、操舵時、コイルばね12と軸箱1部の上下方向荷重の伝達が不均一となることがなく、操舵動作への弊害を抑制することができる。   In the steering carriage 11 of the present invention in which the coil spring 12 having such a contraction amount is installed, the coil spring 12 is in close contact during steering even if it is provided with either a top spring type or a wing type axle box support device. There is nothing to do. Therefore, during steering, the transmission of the vertical load between the coil spring 12 and the shaft box 1 does not become uneven, and adverse effects on the steering operation can be suppressed.

ところで、軸箱1と台車枠5の間のスペースは限られているので、操舵による軸箱1の輪軸2の軸中心を中心とする回転と、この回転によって生じるコイルばね12の上下変位を抑制するためには、コイルばね12を軸箱1の上に設置する、頂上ばね式の軸箱支持装置を採用することが望ましい。   By the way, since the space between the axle box 1 and the carriage frame 5 is limited, the rotation about the axis center of the wheel shaft 2 of the axle box 1 by steering and the vertical displacement of the coil spring 12 caused by this rotation are suppressed. In order to do this, it is desirable to employ a top spring type axle box support device in which the coil spring 12 is installed on the axle box 1.

頂上ばね式の軸箱支持装置を備えた操舵台車11の場合、軸箱1の回転によってコイルばね12が扇形に変形しても、それに伴う上下変位は発生しないので、操舵によって生じるコイルばね12の上下縮みを抑制することができる。   In the case of the steering carriage 11 having a top spring type axle box support device, even if the coil spring 12 is deformed into a fan shape by the rotation of the axle box 1, the vertical displacement accompanying it does not occur. Vertical shrinkage can be suppressed.

ところで、コイルばね12と軸箱1部の荷重伝達に注目すると、コイルばね12と軸箱1部の荷重伝達は、コイルばね12の全面で均等に荷重伝達を行うのではなく、コイルばねの立ち上がり位置近傍で最も荷重負担が大きくなっている。なお、コイルばねの立ち上がり位置とは、本願明細書では、立ち上がり端から巻き始められたコイルの横断面が完全な円形になる位置を言う。   By the way, paying attention to the load transmission between the coil spring 12 and the axle box 1 part, the load transmission between the coil spring 12 and the axle box 1 part does not transmit the load evenly over the entire surface of the coil spring 12, but the rise of the coil spring. The load burden is greatest near the position. In the present specification, the rising position of the coil spring refers to a position where the cross section of the coil started from the rising end becomes a complete circle.

また、軸箱1の前記回転の方向によってコイルばね12の縮み量が変化すると、前記回転の方向に拘わらず均等に縮む場合に比べてより多く縮む回転方向のコイルばね12からの軸箱1への荷重伝達が大きくなって、コイルばね12がより劣化しやすくなる。   Further, when the amount of contraction of the coil spring 12 changes depending on the direction of rotation of the axle box 1, the coil box 12 from the coil spring 12 in the direction of rotation more contracted compared to the case where the coil spring 12 contracts evenly regardless of the direction of rotation. As a result, the coil spring 12 is more likely to deteriorate.

従って、頂上ばね式の軸箱支持装置を備えた本発明の操舵台車11の場合、コイルばね12の立ち上がり位置を、図2(b)に示すように、操舵の動きの影響の少ない位置、すなわち輪軸2の中心線上にすることで、コイルばね12の劣化をより抑制することができる。また、軸箱1の回転方向が変化した場合の縮み量を均一にすることができ、コイルばね12の劣化を抑制することができる。   Therefore, in the case of the steering carriage 11 of the present invention equipped with the top spring type axle box support device, the rising position of the coil spring 12 is a position where the influence of the steering movement is small, as shown in FIG. Deterioration of the coil spring 12 can be further suppressed by being on the center line of the wheel shaft 2. In addition, the amount of contraction when the rotation direction of the axle box 1 changes can be made uniform, and deterioration of the coil spring 12 can be suppressed.

加えて、操舵動作によって軸箱1が回転しても、操舵機構に与える荷重負担は均等になって操舵動作への弊害を抑制することができる。   In addition, even if the axle box 1 is rotated by the steering operation, the load burden applied to the steering mechanism is equalized, and adverse effects on the steering operation can be suppressed.

ところで、荷重伝達は軸箱側だけでなく台車枠側でも発生することから、操舵装置だけでなく、コイルばね12の劣化に対して最適化するには、コイルばね12の立ち上がり位置は、コイルばね12の台車枠側と軸箱側の両方が、輪軸2の中心線上に位置するようにする必要がある。   By the way, since load transmission occurs not only on the axle box side but also on the carriage frame side, in order to optimize the deterioration of the coil spring 12 as well as the steering device, the rising position of the coil spring 12 is determined by the coil spring. It is necessary that both the 12 bogie frame side and the axle box side are located on the center line of the wheel shaft 2.

その際、鉄道車両用のコイルばねは、巻き数を1/4巻き単位にするのが一般的であることから、巻き数が整数または0.5刻みの場合は、軸箱側のコイルばね12の立ち上がり位置を輪軸2の中心線上にすると、台車枠側の立ち上がり位置も輪軸2の中心線上になる。   At that time, the coil spring for a railway vehicle generally has a turn number of ¼ turn. Therefore, when the turn number is an integer or 0.5, the coil spring 12 on the axle box side is used. Is set on the center line of the wheel shaft 2, the rising position on the cart frame side is also on the center line of the wheel shaft 2.

しかしながら、巻き数が1/4または3/4刻みの場合、軸箱側の立ち上がり位置を輪軸2の中心線上にすると、台車枠側の立ち上がり位置は輪軸2の中心線上に位置しなくなる。   However, when the number of windings is 1/4 or 3/4, if the rising position on the axle box side is on the center line of the wheel shaft 2, the rising position on the bogie frame side is not located on the center line of the wheel shaft 2.

従って、巻き数が1/4または3/4刻みの場合は、台車枠側と軸箱側とも極力輪軸2の中心線上に近づくように、車両の上方向からコイルばね12を見た場合には、図3に示すように、輪軸2の中心線上から45°傾けた位置にコイルばね12の立ち上がり位置がくるようにすることが望ましい。なお、図3は巻き数が1/4刻みの場合の例である。   Therefore, when the number of turns is 1/4 or 3/4, when the coil spring 12 is viewed from above the vehicle so that both the carriage frame side and the axle box side are as close to the center line of the wheel shaft 2 as possible. As shown in FIG. 3, it is desirable that the rising position of the coil spring 12 be at a position inclined 45 ° from the center line of the wheel shaft 2. FIG. 3 shows an example when the number of turns is 1/4.

本発明は上記の例に限らず、各請求項に記載された技術的思想の範疇であれば、適宜実施の形態を変更しても良いことは言うまでもない。   The present invention is not limited to the above example, and it goes without saying that the embodiments may be changed as appropriate within the scope of the technical idea described in each claim.

例えば、頂上ばね式、ウィング式の軸箱支持装置を問わず、操舵時における軸箱1の回転角度は、コイルばね12と並列に設置されたゴム13の上下方向の高さ位置に依存する。つまり、ゴム13の上下方向の設置位置が低くなると、高い位置に設置した場合に比べて、同じ操舵量であっても軸箱1の回転角度が大きくなるので、コイルばね12と並列に設置するゴム13は極力高い位置に設置することが望ましい。   For example, regardless of the top spring type or the wing type axle box support device, the rotation angle of the axle box 1 at the time of steering depends on the height position of the rubber 13 installed in parallel with the coil spring 12 in the vertical direction. That is, when the installation position of the rubber 13 in the vertical direction is lowered, the rotation angle of the axle box 1 is increased even when the steering amount is the same as compared with the case where the rubber 13 is installed at a high position. It is desirable to install the rubber 13 at a position as high as possible.

また、本発明で適用する操舵台車の操舵方式は、アクティブ強制操舵方式、半強制操舵方式の何れの方式にも適用可能である。なお、アクティブ強制操舵方式とは、空圧、油圧或いは電動方式のアクチュエータを使用し、外部からエネルギーを投入して制御しながら能動的に輪軸を操舵する方式である。一方、半強制操舵方式とは、車体・台車・輪軸をリンクなどの機械的機構で繋いで、曲線通過時に車体・台車間に発生するボギー変位を駆動力とする方式である。   In addition, the steering system of the steering cart applied in the present invention can be applied to either an active forced steering system or a semi-forced steering system. Note that the active forced steering method is a method of using an air pressure, hydraulic pressure, or electric type actuator to actively steer the wheel shaft while applying energy and controlling from the outside. On the other hand, the semi-forced steering system is a system in which a vehicle body, a carriage, and a wheel shaft are connected by a mechanical mechanism such as a link, and a bogie displacement generated between the body and the carriage when passing a curve is used as a driving force.

1 軸箱
2 輪軸
3 車体
5 台車枠
11 操舵台車
12 コイルばね
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 axle box 2 wheel shaft 3 vehicle body 5 bogie frame 11 steering bogie 12 coil spring

Claims (2)

頂上ばね式の軸箱支持装置を備え、台車の輪軸を操舵可能に構成した操舵台車であって、
輪軸の両端に軸受を介して取り付けられた軸箱と台車枠間に設置されて台車枠を支持するコイルばねを、直線区間での最大積載時の縮み量に加えて、操舵時における軸箱の回転時にも密着しない縮み量を確保したものとするとともに、このコイルばねにおける軸箱側の立ち上がり位置が輪軸の中心線上となるよう、コイルばねを設置したことを特徴とする鉄道車両用操舵台車。
A steering cart provided with a top spring type axle box support device and configured to be capable of steering the wheel shaft of the cart,
In addition to the amount of contraction at the maximum loading in the straight section, a coil spring installed between the axle box attached to both ends of the wheel shaft via bearings and supporting the carriage frame to support the carriage frame is added to the axle box during steering. A railcar steering bogie characterized in that a shrinkage amount that does not adhere even during rotation is ensured, and a coil spring is installed so that a rising position of the coil spring on the axle box side is on the center line of the wheel shaft .
頂上ばね式の軸箱支持装置を備え、台車の輪軸を操舵可能に構成した操舵台車であって、
輪軸の両端に軸受を介して取り付けられた軸箱と台車枠間に設置されて台車枠を支持するコイルばねを、直線区間での最大積載時の縮み量に加えて、操舵時における軸箱の回転時にも密着しない縮み量を確保し、かつ台車枠側と軸箱側の立ち上がり位置が1/4巻位相がずれているものとするとともに、このコイルばねにおける軸箱側の立ち上がり位置が、平面方向から見て輪軸の中心線上から45°傾けた位置となるよう、コイルばねを設置したことを特徴とする鉄道車両用操舵台車。
A steering cart provided with a top spring type axle box support device and configured to be capable of steering the wheel shaft of the cart,
In addition to the amount of contraction at the maximum loading in the straight section, a coil spring installed between the axle box attached to both ends of the wheel shaft via bearings and supporting the carriage frame to support the carriage frame is added to the axle box during steering. The amount of contraction that does not adhere even during rotation is ensured, and the rising position on the side of the carriage frame and the side of the axle box is shifted by a quarter of the winding phase. so that a position tilted 45 ° from the center line of the wheel shaft when viewed from the direction, railways steering bogie vehicle characterized in that it is installed coil springs.
JP2011160277A 2011-07-21 2011-07-21 Railcar steering wheel Active JP5668628B2 (en)

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RU2525631C1 (en) * 2013-05-29 2014-08-20 Открытое акционерное общество Научно-исследовательский и конструкторско-технологический институт подвижного состава (ОАО "ВНИКТИ") Railway rolling stock bogie axle box assy (versions)
RU2551293C1 (en) * 2014-04-14 2015-05-20 Открытое акционерное общество Научно-исследовательский и конструкторско-технологический институт подвижного состава (ОАО "ВНИКТИ") Mounted axle grease-box
CN106945684A (en) * 2017-03-31 2017-07-14 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 Forced steering bogie and railway freight-car
JP7319550B2 (en) * 2020-02-19 2023-08-02 日本製鉄株式会社 Linking devices and bogies for railway vehicles

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JPS59186768A (en) * 1984-03-30 1984-10-23 株式会社日立製作所 Supporter for journal box of truck for railway rolling stock
CH671930A5 (en) * 1986-07-31 1989-10-13 Sig Schweiz Industrieges
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JP3884837B2 (en) * 1997-09-30 2007-02-21 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Isolation floor device
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JP5259999B2 (en) * 2007-08-03 2013-08-07 新日鐵住金株式会社 Axle box support device for bogie for high-speed railway vehicles
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