JP5663377B2 - Processed product manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting tool and a method of manufacturing a workpiece using the cutting tool, and more particularly to a cutting tool having a tip made of a super hard tool material. In particular, the present invention relates to a cutting tool used for machining while moving a cutting tool following a workpiece by turning using a turning center or a CNC (Computerized Numerical Control) lathe.

  Conventionally, a convex R-type tool is used in copying.

  However, in the conventional convex R-type tool used for copying, it is necessary to form the flank over the entire cutting edge. The flank must be formed up to the side cutting edges on both sides. Accordingly, the base metal is provided with a flank, so that the thickness of the base metal is reduced. Since a tool having such a shape cannot avoid a decrease in rigidity, bending may occur during cutting, chatter vibrations may occur, and processing efficiency may decrease. For these reasons, the convex R-type tool used in conventional profiling has a problem that a good surface roughness of the workpiece cannot be obtained due to chatter vibration, and chipping occurs on the cutting edge due to chatter vibration. There was a problem that the tool life was shortened.

  In another example, a tip made of a super hard tool material is increased in size with a cutting edge made of a flat part at the tip and further with a side cutting edge and R cutting edges at the corners on both sides. In this case, since the width dimension of the tool is sufficient, the rigidity of the base metal is sufficiently high, there is almost no possibility of chatter vibration, and a good surface roughness of the workpiece can be expected. However, since the super hard tool material itself is expensive, there is a problem that the initial cost of the tool becomes high. In the case of a single crystal diamond tool, the front cutting edge inclination angle is not provided.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a cutting tool capable of high-precision processing.

A method of manufacturing a workpiece according to the present invention uses a cutting tool including a base metal and first and second tips made of superhard tool material fixed to the base metal. On the other hand, a method for manufacturing a workpiece, in which a cutting tool is moved while following one of the first and second tips and turned into a substantially convex shape, wherein the first tip has a first rake face. And having a first front cutting edge, a first R-shaped cutting edge and a first lateral cutting edge surrounding the first rake face, the first R-shaped cutting edge and the first front cutting edge forming an acute angle and the first The second tip has a second rake face, and has a second front cutting edge, a second R-shaped cutting edge and a second side cutting edge surrounding the second rake face, The second R-shaped cutting edge is provided between the second front cutting edge and the second horizontal cutting edge that form an acute angle. The first and second front cutting edges extend along the Y-axis orthogonal to the X-axis and the Z-axis, and the first and second The horizontal cutting edge has a horizontal cutting edge receding angle θ1 with respect to the X axis, and the first and second front cutting edges have a front cutting edge inclination angle θ2 with respect to the Y axis, The difference between the maximum X coordinate value x1 of the one R-shaped cutting edge in the X-axis direction and the maximum x coordinate value x2 of the second front cutting edge and the second R-shaped cutting edge in the X-axis direction is 50 μm or less.

Preferably, the front cutting edge inclination angle with respect to the Y axis is not less than 0.1 degrees and not more than 20 degrees.
Preferably, the transverse cutting edge receding angle with respect to the X axis is not less than 0.1 degrees and not more than 20 degrees.

  Preferably, the radius R of the first and second R-shaped cutting edges is 0.01 mm or more and 5 mm or less.

  Preferably, each of the first and second tips has a first and second front flank, and a front flank angle of the first and second front flank is not less than 0.1 degrees and not more than 20 degrees, Each of the second tips has first and second lateral clearance surfaces, and the lateral clearance angles of the first and second lateral clearance surfaces are not less than 0.1 degrees and not more than 20 degrees.

  Preferably, the rake angle with respect to the X axis of the first and second rake faces is -20 degrees or more and +20 degrees or less, and the rake angle with respect to the Y axis of the first and second rake faces is -20 degrees or more and +20 degrees or less. It is.

  Preferably, the super hard tool material is at least one selected from the group consisting of cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, CBN sintered body, single crystal diamond, and diamond sintered body.

Preferably, the cutting tool is a cutting tool.
Preferably, the rotating workpiece is turned into a substantially convex shape.

  Preferably, the workpiece is metal and annular.

1 is a plan view of a cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view of the cutting tool shown in FIG. It is a top view which expands and shows the front-end | tip part of the cutting tool shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3. It is sectional drawing along the VV line in FIG. It is a perspective view which expands and shows the R part of a 2nd chip | tip. It is a figure for demonstrating the processing method by the cutting tool according to embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the processing method by the cutting tool according to embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the processing method by the cutting tool according to a comparative example. It is a figure for demonstrating the processing method by the cutting tool according to a comparative example.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In the following embodiments, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will not be repeated.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view of a cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the cutting tool shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view showing a tip portion of the cutting tool shown in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG.

  1 to 5, the cutting tool 1 is attached to the tool holder 30 in the cutting tool 1. The cutting tool 1 is a chip, and includes a base metal 10, and a first chip 20 a and a second chip 20 b provided on the base metal 10. The base 10 is fixed to the tool holder 30 with bolts 40.

  The first chip 20a and the second chip 20b are provided with first and second rake faces 21a and 21b. The first and second rake faces 21a and 21b are regions surrounded by the first and second front cutting edges 22a and 22b and the first and second side cutting edges 23a and 23b. An axis along the central axis of the cutting tool 1 is an X axis, a moving direction of the workpiece is a Z axis, and an axis orthogonal to the X axis and the Z axis is a Y axis. This is a difference d in the position in the X-axis direction between the protrusions of the first chip 20a and the second chip 20b, and this difference is 50 μm or less.

  In the surface shown in FIG. 3, the angle θ2 formed by the first and second front cutting edges 22a, 22b and the Y axis is the front cutting edge inclination angle. The angle θ1 formed by the first and second side cutting edges 23a, 23b and the X axis is the side cutting edge receding angle. In FIG. 4, an angle θ3 formed by the Z axis and the first front clearance surface 25a is a front clearance angle. The first tip 20a also has a similar front clearance angle θ3.

  In FIG. 5, an angle θ4 formed by the Z axis and the first lateral clearance surface 26a is a lateral clearance angle. The second chip 20b also has a side clearance angle θ4 similar to that shown in FIG.

  FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view showing an R portion of the second chip. Referring to FIG. 6, a second R-shaped cutting edge 24b is formed between the second front cutting edge 22b and the second horizontal cutting edge 23b. The radius of this portion is R, and the portion indicated by the length R1 has an R shape. Between the second front flank 25b and the second side flank 26b is an R surface.

  That is, the cutting tool 1 according to the present invention includes a base metal 10, and a first chip 20 a and a second chip 20 b made of a super hard tool material fixed to the base metal 10. The first tip 20a has a first rake face 21a, and has a first front cutting edge 22a, a first R-shaped cutting edge 24a and a first lateral cutting edge 23a surrounding the first rake face 21a, and the first R The shaped cutting edge 24a is provided between the first front cutting edge 22a and the first horizontal cutting edge 23a that form an acute angle. The second tip 20b has a second rake face 21b, a second front cutting edge 22b surrounding the second rake face 21b, a second R-shaped cutting edge 24b, and a second side cutting edge 23b. The R-shaped cutting edge 24b is provided between the second front cutting edge 22b and the second lateral cutting edge 23b that form an acute angle. The first side cutting edge 23a and the second side cutting edge 23b extend along the X axis, and the first front cutting edge 22a and the second front cutting edge 22b extend along the Y axis, and the first side cutting edge 23a The second horizontal cutting edge 23b has a horizontal cutting edge retraction angle θ1 with respect to the X axis, and the first front cutting edge 22a and the second front cutting edge 22b have a front cutting edge inclination angle θ2 with respect to the Y axis. The maximum x coordinate value x1 in the X-axis direction of the first front cutting edge and the first R-shaped cutting edge and the maximum x coordinate value x2 in the X-axis direction of the second front cutting edge 22b and the second R-shaped cutting edge 24b. The difference between them is 50 μm or less.

  The front cutting edge inclination angle θ2 is preferably not less than 0.1 degrees and not more than 20 degrees. The transverse cutting edge receding angle θ1 is preferably 0.1 degrees or more and 20 degrees or less.

  The radii of the first R-shaped cutting edge 24a and the second R-shaped cutting edge 24b are preferably 0.01 mm or more and 5 mm or less.

  Each of the first and second tips 20a and 20b has first and second front flank surfaces 25a and 25b, and the front flank angle θ3 of the first and second front flank surfaces 25a and 25b is 0.1 degrees or more and 20 degrees. The first and second tips 20a and 20b each have first and second lateral relief surfaces 26a and 26b, and the lateral relief angle θ4 of the first and second lateral relief surfaces 26a and 26b is 0. .1 degree or more and 20 degrees or less.

  The rake angle θ5 of the first and second rake faces 21a, 21b with respect to the X axis is −20 degrees or more and +20 degrees or less, and the rake angle θ6 of the first and second rake faces 21a, 21b with respect to the Y axis is −20 degrees or more. +20 degrees or less.

  The superhard tool material is at least one selected from the group consisting of cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, CBN sintered body, single crystal diamond, and diamond sintered body.

The cutting tool is a bite. Then, the rotating workpiece is turned into a substantially convex shape.
The rake angle θ5 in the X-axis direction and the rake angle θ6 in the Y-axis direction are set to optimum conditions depending on the type of workpiece, the type of machine tool, cutting conditions, required accuracy, required surface roughness, and the like. When cutting while moving the cutting tool following the workpiece, both the rake angle in the X-axis direction and the rake angle in the Y-axis direction are preferably set to zero degrees.

  In addition, the optimum super hard tool material is selected according to the type of workpiece, the required accuracy of the workpiece and the required surface roughness. For example, when mirror-cutting aluminum, copper, gold, silver, platinum, alloys thereof, and other non-ferrous metal materials, it is preferable to select single crystal diamond.

  In addition, “substantially convex” means that the workpiece is not recessed at the center or near the center from both ends of the workpiece, and the center or near the center is parallel to the rotation axis. Good.

  The present invention is based on a cutting method in which a rotating workpiece is turned into a substantially convex shape with one of two chips acting on the machining. When cutting while moving a cutting tool following a rotating workpiece, there is provided a cutting method in which either one of two chips acts on the cutting and turns into a substantially convex shape. it can. Even if the first chip 20a and the second chip 20b as two chips have a slight difference in the X-axis direction, a step is generated in the workpiece. What is necessary is just to measure the level | step difference of a workpiece, and to cut it, moving a cutting tool as a countermeasure in such a case.

  In the above invention, since the base metal has high rigidity, a good surface roughness of the workpiece can be stably obtained over a long period of time. Furthermore, the effect which can reduce the initial cost and running cost of a tool can also be acquired.

  7 and 8 are diagrams for explaining a processing method using a cutting tool according to the embodiment. Referring to FIG. 7, workpiece 120 is attached to shaft 110, and workpiece 120 also rotates as shaft 110 rotates. In this state, the first tip 20a is brought into contact with the left corner 121 of the workpiece 120. The range indicated by the arrow 121R is processed by the first chip 20a. Next, referring to FIG. 8, the second chip 20b is brought into contact with the right corner 122 to process the range indicated by the arrow 122r. Thereby, the left and right corners of the workpiece 120 can be secured.

  9 and 10 are diagrams for explaining a processing method using a cutting tool according to a comparative example. 9 and 10, the tip 20 is one tip, and the front cutting edge 22 is not provided with a front cutting edge inclination angle. When such a chip 20 is processed as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the width of the process indicated by the arrows 121R and 122R becomes narrower. As a result, there is a possibility that sufficient processing cannot be performed.

  A polycrystalline diamond sintered body (referred to as PCD) first chip 20a and second chip 20b were fixed to a base metal 10 made of hardened steel by brazing. Next, the first tip 20a and the second tip 20b are processed using a tool grinder, and the first and second front cutting edges 22a and 22b, the first and second side cutting edges 23a and 23b, Second R-shaped cutting edges 24a and 24b were formed to complete a PCD tool. The details of the blade edge of the PCD tool are as follows: the front cutting edge inclination angle θ2 is 7 degrees, the side cutting edge receding angle θ1 is 7 degrees, the corner R is 0.5 mm, the front clearance angle θ3 is 5 degrees, and the side clearance angle θ4 is 5 degrees. The X-axis direction rake angle θ5 was zero degrees, and the Y-axis direction rake angle θ6 was zero degrees. The position difference d between the first chip 20a and the second chip 20b was 10 μm.

  Using this PCD tool, the outer periphery of a rubber disk-shaped workpiece was turned into a convex semi-R shape with a radius of 10 mm. There was no phenomenon that the PCD tool vibrates during machining, and a good surface roughness of the workpiece was obtained.

  The first tip 20a and the second tip 20b made of single crystal diamond were fixed to the base metal 10 made of hardened steel by brazing. Next, the first and second chips 20a and 20b are processed using a tool grinder, and the first and second front cutting edges 22a and 22b, the first and second horizontal cutting edges 23a and 23b, the first and the second Second R-shaped cutting edges 24a and 24b were formed to complete a single crystal diamond tool. The details of the cutting edge of the single crystal diamond tool are as follows: the front cutting edge inclination angle θ2 is 7 degrees, the side cutting edge receding angle θ1 is 7 degrees, the corner R (FIG. 6) is 0.5 mm, the front clearance angle θ3 is 5 degrees, and the side clearance is The angle θ4 was 5 degrees, the rake angle θ5 in the X-axis direction was zero degrees, and the rake angle θ6 in the Y-axis direction was zero degrees. The difference d in the X-axis direction between the two first and second chips 20a and 20b was 5 μm.

  Using this single crystal diamond tool, the outer peripheral portion of a disk-shaped workpiece made of aluminum alloy was turned into a convex semi-R shape with a radius of 10 mm. There was no phenomenon that the single crystal diamond tool vibrates during machining, and a good surface roughness of the workpiece was obtained.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  1 cutting tool, 10 base metal, 20a first tip, 20b second tip, 21a first rake face, 21b second rake face, 22a first front cutting edge, 22b second front cutting edge, 23a first side cutting edge, 23b Second lateral cutting edge, 24a First R-shaped cutting edge, 24b Second R-shaped cutting edge, 25a First front clearance surface, 25b Second front clearance surface, 26a First lateral clearance surface, 26b Second lateral clearance surface, 30 tool holders, 40 bolts, 110 shafts, 120 workpieces.

Claims (10)

Using a cutting tool comprising a base and first and second tips made of a super-hard tool material fixed to the base, while moving the cutting tool following the rotating workpiece, A method of manufacturing a workpiece, which is processed by either one of the first and second chips and turned into a substantially convex shape,
The first tip has a first rake face, and has a first front cutting edge, a first R-shaped cutting edge and a first lateral cutting edge surrounding the first rake face, and the first R-shaped cutting edge. Is provided between the first front cutting edge and the first side cutting edge forming an acute angle,
The second tip has a second rake face and has a second front cutting edge, a second R-shaped cutting edge and a second lateral cutting edge surrounding the second rake face, and the second R-shaped cutting edge. Is provided between the second front cutting edge and the second side cutting edge forming an acute angle,
The first and second side cutting edges extend along an X axis perpendicular to the Z axis, which is a moving direction of the workpiece, and the first and second front cutting edges are perpendicular to the X axis and the Z axis. Extends along the Y axis,
The first and second horizontal cutting edges have a horizontal cutting edge receding angle θ1 with respect to the X axis,
The first and second front cutting edges have a front cutting edge inclination angle θ2 with respect to the Y axis,
The maximum X coordinate value x1 in the X axis direction of the first front cutting edge and the first R-shaped cutting edge, and the maximum x coordinate value x2 in the X axis direction of the second front cutting edge and the second R-shaped cutting edge. The method of manufacturing a workpiece , the difference between which is 50 μm or less. The method for manufacturing a workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle of the front cutting edge with respect to the Y-axis is 0.1 degrees or more and 20 degrees or less. The method for manufacturing a workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the lateral cutting edge receding angle with respect to the X axis is not less than 0.1 degrees and not more than 20 degrees. The manufacturing method of the workpiece of any one of Claim 1 to 3 whose radius of said 1st and 2nd R-shaped cutting edge is 0.01 mm or more and 5 mm or less. Each of the first and second tips has first and second front flank surfaces, and a front flank angle of the first and second front flank surfaces is not less than 0.1 degrees and not more than 20 degrees, Each of the second tip and the second tip has first and second lateral clearance surfaces, and the lateral clearance angle of the first and second lateral clearance surfaces is not less than 0.1 degrees and not more than 20 degrees. The manufacturing method of the workpiece of any one of Claims 1. The rake angle with respect to the X axis of the first and second rake faces is -20 degrees or more and +20 degrees or less, and the rake angle with respect to the Y axis of the first and second rake faces is -20 degrees or more and +20 degrees or less. The manufacturing method of the workpiece of any one of Claim 1 to 5. The superhard tool material is at least one selected from the group consisting of cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, CBN sintered body, single crystal diamond, and diamond sintered body. The manufacturing method of the workpiece of 1 item | term. The method of manufacturing a workpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cutting tool is a cutting tool. The method for manufacturing a workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the rotating workpiece is turned into a substantially convex shape. The method of manufacturing a workpiece according to claim 9 , wherein the workpiece is an annular metal.

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