JP5661269B2 - 真性糖尿病の検出および予防のための炎症性マーカー - Google Patents
真性糖尿病の検出および予防のための炎症性マーカー Download PDFInfo
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- JP5661269B2 JP5661269B2 JP2009229080A JP2009229080A JP5661269B2 JP 5661269 B2 JP5661269 B2 JP 5661269B2 JP 2009229080 A JP2009229080 A JP 2009229080A JP 2009229080 A JP2009229080 A JP 2009229080A JP 5661269 B2 JP5661269 B2 JP 5661269B2
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Description
本発明に導く研究は、the United States National Heart,Lung,and Blood Instituteによる契約/助成番号HL58755、HL43851、HL07575、およびHL63293、ならびにthe United States National Cancer Instituteによる契約/助成番号CA47988によって一部資金提供された。従って、合衆国政府は、本発明に対する特定の権利を有し得る。
本発明は、真性糖尿病(特に、現在の疾患に何の徴候または症状も伴わない個体に共通する)の危険性を決定するための診断試験の新しい用途を記載する。さらに、本発明は、危険な状態にあるどの個体が、糖尿病の予防または処置のいずれかのために設計された特定の処置から優先的に利益を受けるのかを決定するにおいて医師を補助するための診断試験の新しい用途を記載する。
治療における有意な進歩にもかかわらず、糖尿病は、依然として先進国における罹患率および死亡率の主な要因であり、そして糖尿病の早期検出は、主要な公衆衛生重点の1分野である。しかし、糖尿病を有する個体の50%ほどの多くが、診断されていないと推定されている。この理由は、「新しく診断された」II型糖尿病を有する患者の30%までが、診断の時点において既に全身性合併症の徴候を有するからであり、このデータは、この疾患が既に5年から10年存在していることを示唆する。
本発明は、個体における糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の将来の発症に対する危険性を評価するための新しい診断試験を記載する。これらの新しい試験は、広範に以下を含む:(1)臨床的に明らかな糖尿病を発症する危険性の予測;および(2)特定の個体が糖尿病を予防および/または処置するために設計された特定の処置から多大なれ少なかれ利益を受ける可能性の決定。これらの新しい試験は、以下の発見に一部基づく。全身性炎症の特定のマーカーの上昇したレベルは、糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の将来の発症を予測することが発見されている。例えば、見かけ上健康な、中年個体におけるC反応性タンパク質および/またはインターロイキン−6の上昇したレベルは、糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の危険性の増加を予測する。別の例としては、先行技術における提案とは対照的に、別の健康な男性および女性における全身性炎症の特定のマーカーの上昇したレベルが、肥満症、高血圧症、高脂質血症、および糖尿病の家族歴などの他の要因に対する制御の後でさえ、糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の危険性の増加を予測する。さらに別の例としては、全身性炎症の特定のマーカーの上昇したレベルは、7.0%、6.5%および6.0%さえ下回るグリコシル化ヘモグロビン(HbAlc)レベルを有する、見かけ上健康な個体間においてでさえ、糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症を発症する可能性の増加を予測し、これらを十分下回るレベルが、現在において、この糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症を発症する将来の危険性を示すとみなされる。
例えば、本発明は以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1) 将来の糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症を発症する見かけ上健康な個体の危険性プロフィールを特徴づけるための方法であって、以下:
該個体における全身性炎症のマーカーのレベルを得る工程、
該マーカーのレベルを糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な予め決定された値と比較する工程、および
該予め決定された値と比較した該マーカーのレベルに基づいて、将来の糖尿病を発症する該個体の危険性プロフィールを特徴づける工程、
を包含する、方法。
(項目2) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記予め決定された値が、複数の予め決定されたマーカーレベル範囲であり、前記比較工程が、前記個体のレベルが該予め決定されたマーカーレベル範囲のいずれに当てはまるかを決定することを包含する、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目3) 前記全身性炎症のマーカーが、C反応性タンパク質およびサイトカインからなる群より選択される、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目4) 前記全身性炎症のマーカーが、C反応性タンパク質である、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目5) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記予め決定された値が、約0.30mg/dL血液以上である、項目4に記載の方法。
(項目6) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記予め決定された値が、約0.60mg/dL血液である、項目4に記載の方法。
(項目7) 前記予め決定されたマーカーレベルが、複数の前記予め決定されたマーカーレベル範囲であり、該複数のうちの1つが、約0.30mg/dL血液を下回り、そして該範囲の別のマーカーレベルが、約0.30mg/dL血液であり、ここで、前記比較工程が、前記個体のレベルが該複数の予め決定されたマーカーレベル範囲のいずれに当てはまるかを決定することを包含する、項目4に記載の方法。
(項目8) 前記全身性炎症のマーカーが、インターロイキン−6である、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目9) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記予め決定された値が、約1.39pg/mL血液以上である、項目8に記載の方法。
(項目10) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記予め決定された値が、約2.05pg/mL血液である、項目8に記載の方法。
(項目11) 将来の糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症を発症する個体の危険性プロフィールを特徴づける方法であって、以下:
該個体における全身性炎症のマーカーのレベルを得る工程、
該全身性炎症のマーカーのレベルを糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な第一の予め決定された値と比較して、第一の危険性値を確立する、工程、
該個体におけるグリコシル化ヘモグロビンのレベルを得る工程、
該グリコシル化ヘモグロビンのレベルを糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な第二の予め決定された値と比較して、第二の危険性値を確立する、工程、および
該第一の危険性値と該第二の危険性値との組み合わせに基づいて糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症を発症する該個体の危険性プロフィールを特徴づける工程であって、ここで、該第一の危険性値と該第二の危険性値との組み合わせが、該第一の危険性値および該第二の危険性値とは異なる第三の危険性値を確立する、工程
を包含する、方法。
(項目12) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記第一の予め決定された値が、第一の複数の予め決定されたマーカーレベル範囲であり、前記比較工程が、前記個体レベルが該第一の予め決定されたマーカーレベル範囲のいずれに当てはまるかを決定することを包含する、項目11に記載の方法。
(項目13) 前記全身性炎症のマーカーが、C反応性タンパク質およびサイトカインからなる群より選択される、項目11に記載の方法。
(項目14) 前記全身性炎症のマーカーが、C反応性タンパク質である、項目11に記載の方法。
(項目15) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記第一の予め決定された値が、約0.30mg/dL血液以上である、項目14に記載の方法。
(項目16) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記第一の予め決定された値が、約0.60mg/dL血液である、項目14に記載の方法。
(項目17) 前記予め決定されたマーカーレベルが、複数のマーカーレベル範囲であり、該複数のマーカーレベルのうちの1つが、約0.30mg/dL血液を下回り、該範囲の別のマーカーレベルが、約0.30mg/dL血液であり、ここで、前記比較工程が、前記個体のレベルが該複数の予め決定されたマーカーレベル範囲のいずれに当てはまるかを決定することを含む、項目14に記載の方法。
(項目18) 前記全身性炎症のマーカーが、インターロイキン−6である、項目11に記載の方法。
(項目19) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記第一の予め決定された値が、約1.39pg/mL血液以上である、項目18に記載の方法。
(項目20) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記第一の予予め決定された値が、約2.05pg/mL血液である、項目18に記載の方法。
(項目21) 個体が糖尿病の危険性を軽減するかまたは糖尿病性合併症の危険性を軽減するための薬剤による処置から利益を受ける可能性を評価するための方法であって、該薬剤は、インスリン、血糖降下剤、抗炎症性薬剤、脂質低下薬剤、カルシウムチャネルブロッカー、β−アドレナリン作用性レセプターブロッカー、シクロオキシゲナーゼ−2インヒビター、およびアンギオテンシン系インヒビターからなる群より選択され、該方法は、以下:
該個体における全身性炎症のマーカーのレベルを得る工程、および
該マーカーのレベルを糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な予め決定された値と比較する工程であって、ここで、該予め決定された値と比較した該全身性炎症のマーカーのレベルが、該個体が該薬剤による処置からの利益を受けるか否かを示す、工程
を包含する、方法。
(項目22) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記予め決定された値が、複数の予め決定されたマーカーレベル範囲であり、比較工程が、前記個体レベルが該予め決定されたマーカーレベル範囲のいずれに当てはまるかを決定することを包含する、項目21に記載の方法。
(項目23) 前記全身性炎症のマーカーが、C反応性タンパク質およびサイトカインからなる群より選択される、項目21に記載の方法。
(項目24) 前記全身性炎症のマーカーが、C反応性タンパク質である項目21に記載の方法。
(項目25) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記予め決定された値が、約0.30mg/dL血液以上である、項目24に記載の方法。
(項目26) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記予め決定された値が、約0.60mg/dL血液以上である、項目24に記載の方法。
(項目27) 前記予め決定されたマーカーレベルが、複数の予め決定されマーカーレベル範囲であり、該複数のマーカーレベルのうちの1つが、約0.30mg/dL血液を下回り、そして該範囲の別のマーカーレベルが、約0.30mg/dL血液であり、ここで、前記比較工程が、前記個体のレベルが該複数の予め決定されたマーカーレベル範囲のいずれに当てはまるかを決定することを包含する、項目24に記載の方法。
(項目28) 前記全身性炎症のマーカーが、インターロイキン−6である、項目21に記載の方法。
(項目29) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記予め決定された値が、約1.39pg/mL血液以上である、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目30) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の診断に特異的な前記予め決定された値が、約2.05pg/mL血液以上である、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目31) 前記薬剤が、インスリンである、項目21〜30のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目32) 前記薬剤が、抗炎症性薬剤である、項目21〜30のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目33) 前記炎症性薬剤が、サイトカインインヒビターである、項目32に記載の方法。
(項目34) 前記炎症性薬剤が、腫瘍壊死因子−α(TNF−α)インヒビターである、項目32に記載の方法。
(項目35) 前記腫瘍壊死因子−α(TNF−α)インヒビターが、エタネルセプトおよびインフレキシマブからなる群より選択される、項目34に記載の方法。
(項目36) 前記薬剤が、血糖降下剤である、項目21〜30のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目37) 前記薬剤が、脂質低下薬剤である、項目21〜30のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目38) 糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の危険性を軽減させるために被験体を処置するための方法であって、糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症を発症する被験体の危険性を低下させるために有効量の、糖尿病の危険性を軽減させるための薬剤を、このような処置を必要とする被験体に選択および投与する工程を包含し、ここで、該薬剤が、インスリン、血糖降下剤、抗炎症性薬剤、脂質低下薬剤、カルシウムチャネルブロッカー、β−アドレナリン作用性レセプターブロッカー、シクロオキシゲナーゼ−2インヒビターおよびアンギオテンシン系インヒビターからなる群より選択される、方法。
(項目39) 前記被験体が、前記薬剤による処置を必要とする他の症状を有しない、項目38に記載の方法。
(項目40) 前記被験体が、見かけ上健康である、項目38に記載の方法。
(項目41) 前記被験体が、非高脂質血症患者である、項目38に記載の方法。
(項目42) 前記薬剤が、インスリンである、項目38〜41のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目43) 前記薬剤が、血糖降下剤である、項目38〜41のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目44) 前記薬剤が、抗炎症性薬剤である、項目38〜41のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目45) 前記抗炎症性薬剤が、サイトカインインヒビターである、項目44に記載の方法。
(項目46) 前記抗炎症性薬剤が、腫瘍壊死因子−α(TNF−α)インヒビターである、項目44に記載の方法。
(項目47) 前記腫瘍壊死因子−α(TNF−α)インヒビターが、エタネルセプトおよびインフレキシマブからなる群より選択される、項目46に記載の方法。
(項目48) 前記薬剤が、脂質低下薬剤ある、項目38〜41のいずれか1つの方法。
(項目49) 前記薬剤が、カルシウムチャネルブロッカーである、項目38〜41のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目50) 前記薬剤が、シクロオキシゲナーゼ−2インヒビターである、項目38〜41のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目51) 前記薬剤が、アンギオテンシン系インヒビターである、項目38〜41のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
本発明のこれらおよび他の局面は、発明の詳細な説明に関連して、以下により詳細に記載される。
本発明に対する第1の基礎は、女性健康調査(Woman’s Health Study)、つまり、見かけ上健康な女性28,000人内で実施された、アスピリンおよびビタミンEの心臓血管疾患試行の、大規模で、無作為化された、二重盲式の、プラシーボ制御された一次予防からの証拠である。その試行において、潜在的な全身性炎症に対するマーカーであるC反応性タンパク質の基線レベルが、一連の他の危険因子とは独立して、糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症を発症する将来の危険性を決定することが見出された。特に、基線のグリコシル化ヘモグロビンレベルが6.0を下回る場合でさえ、C反応性タンパク質の最も高い基線レベルを有する個体が、将来の糖尿病を発症する危険性において10倍を超える増加を有することが判明した;このような個体においては、最小四分位数から最大四分位数のC反応性タンパク質の基線レベルを有する個体に対する将来の糖尿病を発症する粗の相対的危険性は、1.0、2.2、8.7、および15.7(P−傾向<0.001)であった。本分析において、C反応性タンパク質に対する四分位数切捨て値は、それぞれ以下であった:0.10mg/dL以下、0.11〜0.26mg/dL、0.27〜0.61mg/dL、および0.61mg/dLより高い。
さらに、この効果は、ボディマス指数、高血圧症、糖尿病の家族歴、運動頻度、アルコール消費、高脂質血症、喫煙、および閉経期の状態について調整した後で、統計学的に有意なままであった。6.0%を下回るグリコシル化ヘモグロビンレベル有する見かけ上健康な女性に再度限定された、この完全に調整された分析において、最小四分位数から最大四分位数のC反応性タンパク質の基線レベルを有する個体について将来の糖尿病を発症する相対的危険性は、1.0、1.3、4.1および4.2(P−傾向<0.001)であった(例えば、表3参照)。
さらに、前記の女性健康調査によるデータは、将来の糖尿病の危険性が、例えば、グリコシル化ヘモグロビンなどの公知の糖尿病試験/マーカーの通常の評価によって別に決定され得た危険性に対して相加的であるようであるということを示す。これらのデータはまた、C反応性タンパク質産生を増強する薬剤が、糖尿病の危険性を決定する際における重要な役割を有し得る可能性も提起した。この仮説が試験され;肝臓におけるC反応性タンパク質産生を大いに担うサイトカインであるインターロイキン−6(IL−6)に関する本調査に由来するデータは、この炎症性マーカーもまた糖尿病の危険性を予測し得るということを確認した。女性健康調査における個体において、最小四分位数から最大四分位数のIL−6の基線レベルを有する個体について将来の糖尿病を発症する粗の相対的危険性は、1.0、2.5、4.1、および7.5(P−傾向<0.001)であった。本分析において、IL−6に対する四分位数切捨て値は、それぞれ以下であった:0.91pg/mL以下、0.92〜1.38pg/mL、1.39〜2.05pg/mL、および2.05pg/mL以上(表2参照)。
本明細書中に使用される場合、「糖尿病性合併症」とは、急性代謝性合併症(糖尿病性ケトアシドーシス、高浸透圧性昏睡、および遅発型の合併症(循環異常、網膜症、糖尿病性腎症、糖尿病性神経障害、糖尿病性足潰瘍)をいう。
薬剤が選択的COX−2インヒビターまたはCOX−2インヒビターの前躯体であるか否かを、そしてそれゆえ、本発明の一部分であるか否かを決定し得る。
種々の投与経路が利用可能である。当然、選択される特定の様式は、選択される特定の薬物、処置される疾患の重篤度、および治療効果に必要な投薬量に依存する。本発明の方法は、一般的に言えば、医学的に受容可能な投与の任意の様式(臨床的に受容可能でない副作用を引き起こすことなく、活性化合物の効果レベルを生成する任意の様式も意味する)を用いて実施され得る。このような投与の様式は、経口経路、直腸経路、局所性経路、鼻経路、皮内経路または非経口経路を含む。用語「非経口」は、皮下、静脈内、筋肉内、または注入を含む。静脈内または筋肉内経路は、特に、長期治療法および予防法に適切ではない。しかし、それらは緊急事態において好ましい。経口投与は、患者および投薬スケジュールにとっての便宜のために、予防の処置に好ましい。
(方法)
(研究参加者)
本発明者らは、女性健康調査(WHS)(45才以上の女性の健康専門家間の心臓血管疾患および癌の一次予防における低用量のアスピリンおよびビタミンEの利益および危険性のバランスを評価する継続試験)16の参加者を含む、予測的な入れ子症例コントロール研究を設計した。WHS参加者の71%が、登録時に、全血サンプルを提供した。これらを、遠心分離し、そして実験分析まで液体窒素中で保存した。EDTA血漿サンプルを、IL−6、CRPおよびインスリンの測定のために用いた。パック入りの赤血球サンプルを、ヘモグロビンA1cの測定のために用いた。
基線血漿サンプルを、解凍し、そしてIL−6、CRPおよび特異的インスリン(本明細書中以後「インスリン」と呼ぶ)についてアッセイした。HbAlcを、免疫アッセイ(Hitachi 911 Analyzer)によって測定した。インターロイキン−6は、市販のELISA(R&D Systems、Minneapolis、MN)によって測定した。C反応性タンパク質を、BN II analyzer(Dade Behring,Newark,DE)18による高感度ラテックス増強免疫比濁アッセイを介して測定した。インスリンとその前駆体との間で0.2%未満の交差反応性を有する二重抗体系(Linco Research,St.Louis,MO)を使用して、血漿インスリンの特異的濃度を測定した。加えて、インスリンレベルは溶血存在下で誤って低下され得るので19、50mg/dl(分光光度測定法、Hitachi 911 Analyzer)未満の遊離ヘモグロビン値を有する検体を、空腹時サブグループ研究から排除した。サンプルを、系統的偏りおよびアッセイ間変動を減少させるために、ランダムに並べた3つ組みの症例コントロールで分析した。
本発明者らは、スチューデントt検定を使用して、一次研究集団を含む症例被験体およびコントロール被験体間の平均における差異およびそれらの間の割合における差異についてのχ2統計量を評価した。IL−6、CRPおよびインスリンの分布に歪みがあるので、中央値における差異を、ウィルコクソン順位和検定によって試験した。サンプルを、コントロールの分布に基づいて4区分に分割した後、線形トレンドの分析を使用して、各生体マーカーのレベルと将来の糖尿病の危険性の増加間の関係を評価した。4区分に特異的な危険性評価を、ボディマス指数(BMI、kg/m2で定義する)、一等親血縁者における糖尿病の家族歴、喫煙、身体活動度、アルコール消費、およびホルモン置換治療の使用に対して調整する、条件的ロジスティック回帰から得た。連続変数およびカテゴリー的変数を、条件的ロジスティック回帰モデルの比較を介する適合度に従って特定した。詳細には、BMIを、連続線形目盛上で制御し、そしてインスリンを、二次形式で表した。
糖尿病を有すると実質的に診断された女性(症例被験体)および糖尿病を依然として有していない女性(コントロール被験体)の基線特性を、表1に示す。予測されたように、実質的に糖尿病を発症した女性は、より肥満症であり、一等親血縁者において糖尿病の家族歴を有する可能性が高く、高血圧症または高脂質血症の病歴を有する可能性が高く、さほど頻繁には運動せず、そしてアルコールをさほど消費していなかった。民族性、喫煙、またはホルモン置換治療の使用において、統計的に有意な差はなかった。
見かけ上健康な中年女性のこの予測的研究において、全身性炎症の2つのマーカーである、C反応性タンパク質およびインターロイキン−6は、将来の糖尿病に対する危険性の予測因子(predictor)であることが見出された。詳細には、CRPは、ボディマス指数、臨床的な危険因子、および空腹時インスリンレベルに対する調整後、強力な独立した予測因子である。並行する関連性は、IL−6について見出されたが、多変量調整後のその程度およびボーダーラインの統計的有意性は低かった。これらの知見は、6%以下のHbA1cを有する個体に限定した感度分析において確かめられ、そして非肥満症個体および肥満症個体の両方において、一貫して示された。
C反応性タンパク質(CRP)およびインターロイキン−6(IL−6)の上昇したレベルが、非糖尿病の女性間の空腹時インスリンレベルに独立して関連するか否かを決定するために、第2の研究を行った。この研究において、45歳以上の349人の健康な非糖尿病性女性が、空腹時血液検体を提供し、そして彼女らは、初期生体マーカー評価から4年間の期間中、臨床的に診断されたII型糖尿病を有さなかった。
空腹時インスリンは、ボディマス指数(BMI)(r=0.53、P<0.001)、CRP(r=0.38、P<0.001)およびIL−6(r=0.33、P<0.001)と強く関連した。空腹時インスリンの他の臨床的相関性としては、身体活動性、アルコール消費、およびホルモン置換治療の使用のレベルが含まれた。多変量の線形回帰モデルにおいて、BMIおよびCRPのみが、対数正規化した空腹時インスリンの有意な独立した予測因子であった。全体として、最終モデルは、対数インスリンレベルにおける32%の分散を説明した。多変量ロジスティック回帰において、上昇した空腹時インスリン(51.6pmol/L以上)に対する完全に調整されたオッズ比(OR)は、BMI、CRP、およびIL−6の三分位の増加と共に増加し、その結果、各パラメーターの最も高い三分位対最も低い三分位におけるORは、それぞれ、9.0(95%CI 4.4〜18.7)、4.4(95%CI 1.9〜10.1)、および2.0(95%CI 0.9〜4.2)であった。さらに、CRPの上昇レベルは、痩せ型の女性および過体重の女性の両方における上昇した空腹時インスリンに関するオッズにおける段階的勾配に関連した。従って、C反応性タンパク質は、非糖尿病女性における空腹時高インスリン血症に独立して関連する。
Claims (16)
- 糖尿病の危険性を軽減するかまたは糖尿病性合併症の危険性を軽減するための薬剤による処置から個体が利益を受ける可能性を評価するための方法であって、該薬剤は、インスリン、血糖降下剤、抗炎症性薬剤、脂質低下薬剤、カルシウムチャネルブロッカー、β−アドレナリン作用性レセプターブロッカー、シクロオキシゲナーゼ−2インヒビター、およびアンギオテンシン系インヒビターからなる群より選択され、該方法は、以下:
該個体におけるC反応性タンパク質およびインターロイキン−6から選択される全身性炎症マーカーのレベルを得る工程、および
該マーカーのレベルを糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症に特異的な予め決定された値と比較し、該予め決定された値と比較した該マーカーのレベルに基づいて糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症の危険性の軽減についての該個体の可能性を特徴付ける、工程
を包含する、方法。 - 前記糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症に特異的な予め決定された値が、複数の予め決定されたマーカーレベル範囲であり、前記比較工程が、前記個体のレベルが該予め決定されたマーカーレベル範囲のいずれに当てはまるかを決定することを包含する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記全身性炎症マーカーが、C反応性タンパク質である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症に特異的な予め決定された値が、0.27mg/dL血液以上である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症に特異的な予め決定された値が、0.60mg/dL血液である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症に特異的な予め決定された値が、複数の予め決定されたマーカーレベル範囲であり、該複数の範囲のうちの1つが、0.30mg/dL血液未満であり、そして該範囲のうちの別の1つが、0.30mg/dL血液より高く、ここで、前記比較工程が、前記個体のレベルが該複数の予め決定されたマーカーレベル範囲のいずれに当てはまるかを決定することを包含する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記全身性炎症マーカーが、インターロイキン−6である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症に特異的な予め決定された値が、1.39pg/mL血液以上である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記糖尿病または糖尿病性合併症に特異的な予め決定された値が、2.05pg/mL血液である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記薬剤が、インスリンである、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記薬剤が、抗炎症性薬剤である、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記抗炎症性薬剤が、サイトカインインヒビターである、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記抗炎症性薬剤が、腫瘍壊死因子−α(TNF−α)インヒビターである、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記腫瘍壊死因子−αインヒビターが、エタネルセプト(Etanercept)およびインフリキシマブ(Infliximab)からなる群より選択される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記薬剤が、血糖降下剤である、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記薬剤が、脂質低下薬剤である、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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EP1386165B1 (en) | 2011-11-02 |
US8101363B2 (en) | 2012-01-24 |
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CA2427271A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
JP2015051981A (ja) | 2015-03-19 |
AU2002230848B2 (en) | 2008-01-24 |
JP2004515785A (ja) | 2004-05-27 |
ATE532070T1 (de) | 2011-11-15 |
JP2010019851A (ja) | 2010-01-28 |
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AU3084802A (en) | 2002-06-24 |
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