JP5658935B2 - Masonry wall reinforcement structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reinforcement structure for masonry walls.

  Requests to preserve and utilize old masonry structures, such as Western bricks built in the Meiji to early Showa eras, from the viewpoint of landscape preservation, cultural property preservation, and diversion to commercial facilities There is. However, most old masonry structures have not been designed to meet the current seismic standards, and seismic reinforcement is required to preserve and utilize them.

  Therefore, the masonry wall is cored in the vertical direction to form a hole, and a tension material is inserted into the hole and tension is applied to the tension material to introduce prestress into the masonry wall. It has been proposed to improve the strength of masonry walls and provide seismic reinforcement.

  Alternatively, it has been proposed to arrange a tension material on the outside of the masonry wall, introduce prestress into the masonry wall, and seismically strengthen the masonry wall (for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document). 2).

  However, the invention of Patent Document 1 requires a through hole through which the tension material passes at the upper and lower ends of the masonry wall, and the wall surface may be damaged because the stress deflecting member or the like hits the wall surface.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a compressive force introducing base and a compressive force introducing base so that a rotational moment is not generated in the upper projecting sliding rod and the lower projecting sliding rod provided on the upper and lower ends of the masonry wall. It is necessary to have a connector for connecting the rod so as to be movable up and down, and the structure is complicated.

Japanese Patent No. 36866654 JP 60-4315 A

  In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to improve the yield strength of a masonry wall with a simple structure without damaging the masonry wall.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a roof frame spanned between the upper ends of the masonry walls arranged opposite to each other, and an end fixed to the foundation of the masonry walls. And a tension member that is disposed away from the masonry wall and that pulls the roof frame downward and applies a compressive force to the masonry wall via the roof frame.

Therefore, by compressing the masonry wall with a compressive force (pre-stress) by pulling the roof frame spanned between the upper ends of the masonry wall arranged opposite to each other and pulling it downward with a tension material ) Will be introduced and the masonry walls will be improved in strength. In addition, processing such as making a hole in the masonry wall is not required. Therefore, the strength of the masonry wall is improved with a simple structure without damaging the masonry wall.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the tendon is disposed in the vicinity of each wall surface of the masonry wall disposed facing each other.

  Therefore, the bending of the roof frame is suppressed as compared with the configuration in which the tendon is disposed at a position away from the wall surface.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, when viewed from the out-of-plane direction of the masonry wall, the tendon is disposed obliquely downward and pulls the roof frame obliquely downward.

  Therefore, the resistance force against the horizontal force of the masonry wall is improved.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the tendon is stretched over the roof frame, and both ends are fixed to the foundation of the masonry wall.

  Therefore, the whole site | part over which the tension material in the roof frame was spanned is pulled uniformly below. Therefore, for example, compared with the structure which connects the edge part of a tendon to a roof frame, there is little stress concentration of a roof frame. Moreover, the bending of the site | part over which the tension material was spanned is suppressed.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the roof frame is provided with a bundle member that pushes downward a portion of the tension member that is stretched over the roof frame.

Therefore, when the bundle member pushes the part spanned over the roof frame in the tension material downward, an upward reaction force is applied to the roof frame, and this reaction force supports a load such as the weight of the roof frame. This is a so-called tension string beam structure. That is, a single tension member (including one connected together) has both a function of improving the strength of the masonry wall and a function of reinforcing the roof frame.
The invention of claim 6 is a roof frame constructed at the upper end of the masonry wall arranged opposite to each other;
An end is fixed to the foundation of the masonry wall and is arranged away from the masonry wall, pulling the roof frame downward and applying a compressive force to the masonry wall via the roof frame A tension material to be applied, the tension material is arranged obliquely downward as viewed from the out-of-plane direction of the masonry wall, and the roof frame is pulled obliquely downward.
The invention of claim 7 is a roof frame constructed on the upper end of the masonry wall arranged opposite to each other;
An end is fixed to the foundation of the masonry wall and is arranged away from the masonry wall, pulling the roof frame downward and applying a compressive force to the masonry wall via the roof frame A tension material to be applied, the tension material is stretched over the roof frame, and both ends are fixed to the foundation of the masonry wall.
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the tendon is disposed in the vicinity of each wall surface of the masonry wall disposed facing each other.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the strength of the masonry wall can be improved with a simple structure without damaging the masonry structure as compared with a structure to which the present invention is not applied.

It is the perspective view which looked at the structure reinforced by applying the reinforcement structure of the masonry wall which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention from diagonally upward. (A) is sectional drawing along the AA line of FIG. 1, (B) is sectional drawing along the BB line of FIG. 1, (C) is an enlarged main part of (A). It is explanatory drawing explaining the flow of the force and moment concerning a brick wall. (A) which shows the 1st variation of 1st embodiment is sectional drawing corresponding to FIG. 2 (A), (B) is explanatory drawing corresponding to FIG. 2 (C). (A) which shows the 2nd variation of 1st embodiment is sectional drawing corresponding to FIG. 2 (A), (B) is explanatory drawing corresponding to FIG. 2 (C). (A) is sectional drawing corresponding to FIG. 2 (A) which shows the 3rd variation of 1st embodiment, (B) respond | corresponds to FIG. 2 (A) which shows the 4th variation of 1st embodiment. FIG. (A) is sectional drawing corresponding to FIG. 2 (A) which shows the 5th variation of 1st embodiment, (B) respond | corresponds to FIG. 2 (A) which shows the 6th variation of 1st embodiment. FIG. It is a perspective view corresponding to FIG. 1 which shows the 7th variation of 1st embodiment. (A) is the perspective view seen from diagonally upward which shows the structure reinforced by the reinforcement structure of the masonry wall which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention, (B) is A of (A) It is sectional drawing along the -A line, (C) is explanatory drawing explaining the structure which spanned the PC steel wire to the outer steel frame part, (D) is an outer steel frame part and inner side. It is explanatory drawing explaining the structure hung over the steel frame member.

<First embodiment>
A brick structure 10 as a masonry structure that is seismically reinforced by the masonry wall reinforcement structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In each drawing, the vertical direction is indicated by an arrow Z.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the brick structure 10 includes a brick wall 20 having four walls as masonry walls. If it demonstrates in more detail, it will be comprised by the brick wall 20X which makes the pair arrange | positioned facing, and the brick wall 20Y which makes the pair arrange | positioned facing.

Here, the left-right direction along the wall surface of the brick wall 20X and the out-of-plane direction of the brick wall 20Y are indicated by an arrow X, and the left-right direction along the wall surface of the brick wall 20Y and the out-of-plane direction of the brick wall 20X are indicated by an arrow Y. . In addition, when it is not necessary to distinguish these, X and Y are abbreviate | omitted.
Further, members corresponding respectively to the brick walls 20X and 20Y may be given X and Y after the reference numerals. Furthermore, let the inner side (inside the structure 10) surrounded by the brick wall 20 be the inner side. In addition, N is attached | subjected after the code | symbol to the member arrange | positioned inside, and M may be attached | subjected to the member arrange | positioned outside.

  Each brick wall 20 constituting the structure 10 is made by stacking bricks 12. Any method of stacking the bricks 12 may be used. The brick 12 is a rectangular parallelepiped building material made by putting clay, shale, and mud into a mold, baked and hardened in a kiln, or compressed. The joints between the bricks 12 and 12 in the brick wall 20 are filled with joint materials (mortar, grout, etc.).

  As shown in FIG. 2, each brick wall 20 is constructed on a foundation 30 made of reinforced concrete or the like formed on the ground. That is, the lower end portion 20 </ b> L of the brick wall 20 is supported by the foundation 30.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a roof frame 100 constituting an existing roof is installed on the upper end (top) 20 </ b> U of each brick wall 20. The roof frame 100 includes a roof truss 110 and a skeleton member 130 as main components. In addition, the structure where the girder was provided on the upper end part (top part) 20U of the brick wall 20, and the roof frame 100 was constructed on this girder may be sufficient.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 (A), a roof truss 110 having a structure in which members 115 are assembled based on a triangle is spanned between a pair of brick walls 20X that face each other. A plurality of roof trusses 110 are installed at intervals in the Y direction. When viewed in the X direction, the outer shape of the roof truss 110 is configured to be a substantially isosceles triangle. Further, a part constituting the slope of the isosceles triangle is an upper part 112, and a part constituting the base is a lower part 114.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2B, the skeleton member 130 is joined to a roof truss 110 disposed on both outer sides in the Y direction (near the brick wall 20Y). The skeleton member 130 extends to the outside of the brick wall 20Y toward the outside in the Y direction. In addition, the skeleton member 130 has a plurality of axial members arranged in the Y direction and spaced apart in the X direction.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, PC steel wires 150N and 20M are arranged in the vicinity of the inner wall surface 20N and the outer wall surface 20M of each brick wall 20 with a space from the inner wall surface 20N and the outer wall surface 20M. The vertical direction is arranged as an axial direction.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 (B), the PC steel wires 150NY and 150MY arranged in the vicinity of the inner wall surface 20NY and the outer wall surface 20MY of the brick wall 20Y have an upper end portion 150UNY and 150UMY of the roof frame 100. The skeleton member 130 is fixed to both ends in the axial direction, and the lower ends 150LNY and 150LMY are fixed (fixed) to the foundation 30.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A, PC steel wires 150NX and 150MX arranged in the vicinity of the inner wall surface 20NX and the outer wall surface 20MX of the brick wall 20X are roof truss 110 that constitute the roof frame 100, respectively. It is stretched along the upper part 112 of the. Further, both ends 150ENX and 150EMX of the PC steel wires 150NX and 150MX are fixed (fixed) to the foundation 30. The PC steel wires 150NX and 150MX are held (fixed) to the upper portion 112 of the roof truss 110 with a wire or the like so that the PC steel wires 150NX and 150MX are maintained along the upper portion 112 of the roof truss 110. Yes.

  And the tension | tensile_strength is provided to each PC steel wire 150, the whole roof frame 100 is pulled below, and compressive force (prestress) is introduced into the brick wall 20 via the roof frame 100. Yes.

  In addition, what kind of structure may be sufficient as the method of giving tension | tensile_strength to each PC steel wire 150. FIG. In this embodiment, the PC steel wire 150Y is configured such that three PC steel wires are connected by a turnbuckle 50Y, and tension is applied to each PC steel wire 150 by the turnbuckle 50Y. Moreover, the PC steel wire 150X has two PC steel wires connected by a turnbuckle 50X. It is set as the structure which provides tension | tensile_strength to PC steel wire 150X with the turnbuckle 50X.

  As shown in FIG.2 (C), in this embodiment, when the roof truss 110 which comprises the roof frame 100 is pulled below, it is comprised so that force may be applied to the center part of the out-of-plane direction of the brick wall 20X. Has been. Moreover, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, when the frame | skeleton member 130 which comprises the roof frame 100 is pulled below, similarly, P represents the rotational moment and P represents the compressive force (prestress).

Next, functions and effects of the present embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, an existing roof frame 100 installed on the brick wall 20 </ b> X and the upper ends 20 </ b> UX, 20 </ b> Y of the brick wall 20 </ b> Y that are arranged to face each other is connected to PC steel wires 150 </ b> X, 150 </ b> Y. A compressive force (prestress) is introduced to the brick wall 20 via the roof frame 100 by applying tension to the wall and pulling it downward. And by introducing compressive force (prestress) into the brick wall 20, the proof stress of the brick wall 20 improves, As a result, the seismic performance of the brick wall 20 improves. In other words, the brick wall 20 is seismically reinforced.

  Thus, a compressive force is introduced into the brick wall 20 by pulling the existing roof frame 100 downward. Further, processing such as making a hole in the brick wall 20 is unnecessary. Furthermore, there is no possibility that the PC steel wire 150, the outer wall surface 20M and the inner wall surface 20N of the brick wall 20 are damaged. Therefore, the strength of the brick wall 20 is improved with a simple structure without damaging the brick wall 20. Moreover, the yield strength of the brick wall 20 can be improved without impairing the beauty.

  Further, since the PC steel wire 150 is disposed in the vicinity of the inner wall surface 20N and the outer wall surface 20M of the brick wall 20, compared with a configuration in which the PC steel wire 150 is disposed away from the wall surface, the roof frame 100 deflections are suppressed.

  Further, the PC steel wire 150 </ b> X is stretched over the roof truss 110 constituting the roof frame 100, and both end portions 150 </ b> EX are fixed to the foundation 30. Therefore, since the entire roof truss 110 over which the PC steel wire 150X is stretched is pulled downward, the stress concentration acting on the roof truss 110 from the PC steel wire 150X is small. Further, the bending of the roof truss 110 is suppressed.

  Here, in this embodiment, when the roof frame 100 is pulled downward, it is comprised so that force may be applied to the center part of the out-of-plane direction of the brick wall 20 (refer FIG.2 (C)). Therefore, the rotation moment M (see FIG. 2C) does not occur on the brick wall 20, or even if the rotation moment M occurs, it is very small. Therefore, bending deformation in the out-of-plane direction of the brick wall 20 due to the rotational moment M is prevented or suppressed.

Below, the variation of arrangement | positioning of the PC steel wire 150 is demonstrated.
In the said embodiment, although the PC steel wire 150 was arrange | positioned in the vicinity of each of the inner wall surface 20N and the outer wall surface 20M of the brick wall 20, it is not limited to this.

  For example, a configuration in which only the PC steel wire 150MX disposed outside the brick wall 20X is provided as in the first variation shown in FIG. That is, the PC steel wire 150 may be arranged only in the vicinity of the outer wall surface 20MX of the brick wall 20X.

  Further, for example, as in the second variation shown in FIG. 4, a configuration in which only the PC steel wire 150 </ b> NX disposed inside the brick wall 20 </ b> X may be provided. That is, the PC steel wire 150 may be arranged only near the inner wall surface 20NX of the brick wall 20X.

  In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, also about the brick wall 20Y, the structure by which the PC steel wire 150 is arrange | positioned only in the vicinity of either the outer wall surface 20MY or the inner wall surface 20NY may be sufficient.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the PC steel wire 150X was spanned over the upper part 112 of the roof truss 110 which comprises the roof frame 100, it is not limited to this. That is, the PC steel wire 150X does not have to be stretched over the upper portion 112.

  For example, as in the third variation shown in FIG. 5 (A), PC steel wires 150NY and 150MY (see FIG. 2 (B)) arranged near the inner wall surface 20NY and the outer wall surface 20MY of the brick wall 20Y. In addition, the PC steel wire 150X disposed in the vicinity of the outer wall surface 20MX and the inner wall surface 20NX of the brick wall 20X is also fixed to the roof truss 110 with the upper end portions 150UNX and 150UMX, and the lower end portions 150LNX and 150LMX are fixed to the foundation 30 (fixing). ).

Furthermore, you may arrange | position away from the wall surface of the brick wall 20. FIG.
For example, as in the fourth variation shown in FIG. 5 (B), a configuration in which only one PC steel wire 150S is arranged in the middle part of the opposing brick wall 20X may be used.

  Further, for example, as in the fifth variation shown in FIG. 6A, PC steel wires 150MX and 150NX are stretched along the lower portion 114 of the roof truss 110 constituting the roof frame 100. Good.

  Although not shown, one PC steel wire 150XM is stretched along the upper portion 112 of the roof truss 110, and the other PC steel wire 150NM is disposed along the lower portion 114 of the roof truss 110. May be.

  Further, for example, as in the sixth variation shown in FIG. 6B, a bundle 116 that pushes down a portion 150Q over which the PC steel wire 150X of the roof truss 110 constituting the roof frame 100 is stretched, You may provide in the roof truss 110 (lower part 114 in this variation).

  6B, a so-called stringed beam structure in which an upward reaction force is applied to the roof frame 100 and the reaction force supports a load such as its own weight of the roof frame 100 is obtained. In other words, one PC steel wire 150 (in the present embodiment, connected to one) is a function that improves the proof strength of the brick wall 20 by introducing a compressive force to the brick wall 20 (function to reinforce). And a function of reinforcing the roof frame 100 by applying an upward reaction force to the roof frame 100, and two functions.

  For example, in this embodiment, although the PC steel wire 150 was arrange | positioned by making the perpendicular direction into an axial direction, it is not limited to this.

  For example, as in the seventh variation shown in FIG. 7, when viewed from the out-of-plane direction (X direction) of the brick wall 20Y, the PC steel wires 150MY are arranged obliquely downward, and the PC steel wires 150MY cross each other. It may be arranged to do.

  In addition, by arrange | positioning PC steel wire MX diagonally in this way, it has a function as a brace (strut) and the resistance with respect to the horizontal force of the brick wall 20X improves.

  Although illustration is omitted, the PC steel wire 150NY and the PC steel wires 150MX, 150NX may also be arranged obliquely downward.

  Moreover, not only when the existing brick wall 20 (structure 10) is seismically reinforced, but also when, for example, the brick wall 20 (structure 10) is moved to another place or when the brick wall 20 (structure 10) is newly added. The present invention can also be applied to the case of building (in the case of new construction).

<Second embodiment>
A brick structure as a masonry structure that is seismically reinforced by the masonry wall reinforcement structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, since the brick wall 20 is the same as that of 1st embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted. Moreover, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member same as 1st embodiment, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, a roof frame 200 is newly installed on the upper end (top) 20U of each brick wall 20. The roof frame 200 includes an outer steel frame portion 210, an inner steel frame portion 220, and a connecting steel member 230 as main components.

  In plan view, the outer steel frame portion 210 is arranged so as to surround the outside of each brick wall 20, and the inner steel frame portion 220 is arranged so as to surround the inside of each brick wall 20. And the connection steel frame member 230 arrange | positioned along the out-of-plane direction of each brick wall 20 is joined to these outer side steel frame part 210 and inner side steel frame part 220.

  PC steel wires 150N and 150M are arranged in the vicinity of the inner wall surface 20N and the outer wall surface 20M of each brick wall 20 with the inner wall surface 20N and the outer wall surface 20M spaced from each other with the vertical direction as the axial direction.

  The PC steel wire 150M arranged along the outer wall surface 20M has an upper end 150UM fixed to the joint between the outer steel frame portion 210 and the connecting steel member 230, and a lower end 150LM fixed (fixed) to the foundation 30. Yes.

  In the PC steel wire 150N arranged along the inner wall surface 20N, the upper end 150UN is fixed to the joint between the inner steel frame portion 220 and the connecting steel member 230, and the lower end 150LN is fixed (fixed) to the foundation 30. Yes.

Next, functions and effects of the present embodiment will be described.
Also in the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, a compressive force (prestress) is introduced into the brick wall 20 by pulling the newly installed roof frame 200 downward. Further, processing such as making a hole in the brick wall 20 is unnecessary. Furthermore, there is no possibility that the PC steel wire 150, the outer wall surface 20M and the inner wall surface 20N of the brick wall 20 are damaged. Therefore, the strength of the brick wall 20 is improved with a simple structure without damaging the brick wall 20. Moreover, the yield strength of the brick wall 20 can be improved without impairing the beauty.

  In addition, the structure provided only in any one of PC steel wire 150M arrange | positioned along the outer wall surface 20M and PC steel wire 150N arrange | positioned along the inner wall surface 20N may be sufficient.

  Moreover, the structure by which the PC steel wire 150 was arrange | positioned diagonally downward may be sufficient (refer FIG. 7).

  Note that a roof truss 110 may be installed on the roof frame 200 as shown by an imaginary line (one-dot broken line) in FIGS. 8A and 8B. In the case of an existing structure, the roof truss 110 may be installed on the roof frame 200 after the roof truss 110 is removed and the roof frame 200 is newly installed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8C, the PC steel wire 150 may be stretched between the outer steel frame portions 210 (or between the inner steel frame portions 220). Further, as shown in FIG. 8D, the PC steel wire 150 may be stretched between the outer steel frame portion 210 and the inner steel frame portion 220.

<Others>
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

  For example, in the said embodiment, although the tendon used the PC steel wire 150, it is not limited to this. Wires having elasticity other than PC steel wires, PC steel bars, PC steel materials (fiber materials such as carbon fibers and vinylon fibers), and the like may be used. Alternatively, these may be combined. For example, the structure by which PC steel wire and PC steel material were connected may be sufficient.

  For example, in the said embodiment, although applied to the improvement of the proof strength (seismic reinforcement) of the brick wall 20 (masonry wall) using the brick 12 as a masonry material, it is not limited to this. The present invention can be widely applied to the improvement of proof strength (seismic reinforcement) of masonry walls using concrete blocks, stones or the like as masonry materials.

  Moreover, it cannot be overemphasized that it can implement with a various aspect in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

10 structures 20 brick walls (masonry walls)
20U upper end 20M outer wall surface (wall surface)
20N Inner wall surface (wall surface)
30 Foundation (Foundation)
100 Roof frame 116 Bundle material 150 PC steel wire (tension material)
200 roof frame

Claims (8)

A roof frame spanned between the upper ends of the masonry walls arranged facing each other,
An end is fixed to the foundation of the masonry wall and is arranged away from the masonry wall, pulling the roof frame downward and applying a compressive force to the masonry wall via the roof frame The tendon to give,
Masonry wall reinforcement structure with   The reinforcement structure for masonry walls according to claim 1, wherein the tendon is arranged in the vicinity of each wall surface of the masonry walls arranged to face each other.   3. The masonry wall according to claim 1, wherein when viewed from an out-of-plane direction of the masonry wall, the tendon is arranged obliquely downward and pulls the roof frame obliquely downward. Reinforced structure.   The reinforcement of the masonry wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tension material is stretched over the roof frame and both ends are fixed to a foundation portion of the masonry wall. Construction.   The reinforcement structure of the masonry wall according to claim 4, wherein the roof frame is provided with a bundle member that pushes down a portion of the tension member spanned over the roof frame.   A roof frame erected on the upper end of the masonry wall arranged oppositely,
  An end is fixed to the foundation of the masonry wall and is arranged away from the masonry wall, pulling the roof frame downward and applying a compressive force to the masonry wall via the roof frame The tendon to give,
  With
  The reinforcement structure of a masonry wall in which the tendon is arranged obliquely downward as viewed from the out-of-plane direction of the masonry wall and pulls the roof frame obliquely downward.   A roof frame erected on the upper end of the masonry wall arranged oppositely,
  An end is fixed to the foundation of the masonry wall and is arranged away from the masonry wall, pulling the roof frame downward and applying a compressive force to the masonry wall via the roof frame The tendon to give,
  With
  The reinforcement material of the masonry wall in which the tension material is stretched over the roof frame and both ends are fixed to the foundation of the masonry wall.   The reinforcement structure for masonry walls according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the tendon is arranged in the vicinity of each wall surface of the masonry walls arranged to face each other.

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