JP5657565B2 - S1p受容体アゴニストの投与レジメン - Google Patents
S1p受容体アゴニストの投与レジメン Download PDFInfo
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- JP5657565B2 JP5657565B2 JP2011541496A JP2011541496A JP5657565B2 JP 5657565 B2 JP5657565 B2 JP 5657565B2 JP 2011541496 A JP2011541496 A JP 2011541496A JP 2011541496 A JP2011541496 A JP 2011541496A JP 5657565 B2 JP5657565 B2 JP 5657565B2
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
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Description
好ましいS1P受容体アゴニストまたは調節因子は、例えば、それらのS1P結合特性に加えて、リンパ球ホーミング促進特性も有する化合物である。例えば化合物は、好ましくは可逆的な、循環から二次リンパ組織へのリンパ球の再分布から生じるリンパ球減少症を、全身性免疫抑制を惹起することなく誘発し得る。適切には、ナイーブ細胞が隔絶され、血液からのCD4/CD8T細胞およびB細胞が刺激されて、リンパ節(LN)およびパイエル板(PP)に遊走する。
Akは、−COOR5k、−OPO(OR5k)2、−PO(OR5k)2、−SO2OR5k、−POR5kOR5kまたは1H−テトラゾール−5−イルであり、R5kは、HまたはC1〜6アルキルであり、Akは、特に、−COOR5k、例えば−COOHであり、
Wkは、結合、C1〜3アルキレンまたはC2〜3アルケニレンであり、いくつかの実施形態では、Wkは、メチレンまたはエチレンであり、
Ykは、ハロゲン、−OH、−NO2、C1〜6アルキル、C1〜6アルコキシから選択される1〜3個の基によって任意選択により置換されているC6〜10アリールまたはC3〜9ヘテロアリール;ハロ置換C1〜6アルキルおよびハロ置換C1〜6アルコキシであり、Yは、特に、フェニルまたはC6ヘテロアリールであり、いずれの場合も、前述の通り任意選択により置換されている。例示的なアルキル置換基は、エチルである。ハロゲンは、特にFまたはClである。
Zkは、
Zkのアスタリスク(例えば、左および右のアスタリスク)は、それぞれ−C(R3k)(R4k)−と式IaまたはIbのAkとの結合点を示し、R6は、水素およびC1〜6アルキルから選択され、J1およびJ2は、独立に、メチレンまたはS、OおよびNR5’から選択されるヘテロ原子であり、R5’は、水素およびC1〜6アルキルから選択され、Zkの任意のアルキレンは、ハロ、ヒドロキシ、C1〜6アルキルから選択される1〜3個の基によってさらに置換されていてもよく、またはR6は、Ykの炭素原子と結合して、5〜7員環を形成することができ、
特にZkは、いずれの場合も1位および3位において分子の残りと結合しているアゼチジン、ピロリジンおよびピペリジンであり、例えば1位および3位において分子の残りと結合している、例えば1位の窒素でCR3kR4k基と結合しているアゼチジン;ならびに分子の残りを形成しているそれぞれの部分によって1,4−二置換されているピペリジンである。
R1kは、C1〜6アルキル、C6〜10アリール、C6〜10アリールC1〜4アルキル、C3〜9ヘテロアリール、C3〜9ヘテロアリールC1〜4アルキル、C3〜8シクロアルキル、C3〜8シクロアルキルC1〜4アルキル、C3〜8ヘテロシクロアルキルまたはC3〜8ヘテロシクロアルキルC1〜4アルキルによって任意選択により置換されているC6〜10アリールまたはC3〜9ヘテロアリールであり、R1kの任意のアリール、ヘテロアリール、シクロアルキルまたはヘテロシクロアルキルは、ハロゲン、C1〜6アルキル、C1〜6アルコキシおよびハロ置換C1〜6アルキルまたはハロ置換C1〜6アルコキシから選択される1〜5個の基によって置換されていてもよく、
R1kは、特に、前述の通り任意選択により置換されているフェニルまたはC6ヘテロアリールである。いくつかの実施形態では、R1kは、1、2、3、4、5または6個の炭素原子を有する任意選択によりハロ置換されているアルキル(例えばトリフルオロメチル)、任意選択によりハロ置換されているフェニルおよび任意選択によりハロ置換されているC3〜8シクロアルキル(例えばシクロヘキシル)から選択される2個の置換基を有し、例えばR1kは、1個の任意選択によりハロ置換されているアルキル基と、フェニルおよびC3〜8(例えばC6)シクロアルキル基から選択される1個の任意選択によりハロ置換されている環式部分を有することができる。R1kは、いくつかの化合物では、フェニルまたはC6ヘテロアリールであり、特に、3−トリフルオロメチル−4−シクロヘキシルフェニルの場合のように、前述の通り3,4−二置換されているフェニルである。
R2kは、H、C1〜6アルキル、ハロ置換C1〜6アルキル、C2〜6アルケニルまたはC2〜6アルキニルであり、R2kは、特にメチルであり、
R3kまたはR4kのそれぞれは、独立に、H、ハロゲン、OH、C1〜6アルキル、C1〜6アルコキシまたはハロ置換C1〜6アルキルもしくはハロ置換C1〜6アルコキシである。したがってアルキルは、ハロ置換されているかどうか、かつ/またはアルコキシの一部であるかどうかに関わらず、1、2、3、4、5または6個の炭素原子を有することができる。R3kおよびR4kは、例えばそれぞれ独立に、H、ハロゲン、メチルまたはハロ置換メチルであってよい。特に、R3kおよびR4kは、共にHであってよい]
およびそのN−オキシド誘導体またはそのプロドラッグ、
または薬理学的に許容されるその塩、溶媒和物もしくは水和物である。
アシルは、残基Ry−CO−であってよく、Ryは、C1〜6アルキル、C3〜6シクロアルキル、フェニルまたはフェニル−C1〜4アルキルであり、
別段指定されない限り、アルキル、アルコキシ、アルケニルまたはアルキニルは、直鎖または分岐であってよく、
アリールは、フェニルまたはナフチル、好ましくはフェニルであってよく、
「複素環式基」は、S、OおよびNから選択される1〜3個のヘテロ原子を有する5〜7員の複素環式基を表す。かかる複素環式基の例には、先に示したヘテロアリール基、および部分的にまたは完全に水素化されたヘテロアリール基に対応する複素環式化合物、例えばフリル、チエニル、ピロリル、アゼピニル、ピラゾリル、イミダゾリル、オキサゾリル、イソオキサゾリル、チアゾリル、イソチアゾリル、1,2,3−オキサジアゾリル、トリアゾリル、テトラゾリル、チアジアゾリル、ピラニル、ピリジル、ピリダジニル、ピリミジニル、ピラジニル、テトラヒドロピラニル、モルホリニル、チオモルホリニル、ピロリジニル、ピロリル、イミダゾリジニル、ピラゾリジニル、ピペリジニル、ピペラジニル、オキサゾリジニル、イソオキサゾリジニル、チアゾリジニルまたはピラゾリジニルが含まれる。好ましい複素環式基は、5員または6員のヘテロアリール基であり、最も好ましい複素環式(heteocyclic)基は、モルホリニル、チオモルホリニルまたはピペリジニル基である。
官能基 可逆的誘導体
カルボン酸 例えば、アルキルおよびアシルオキシアルキルエステルを含むエステル;アミド
アルコール 例えば、硫酸エステルおよびリン酸エステルならびにカルボン酸(例えばアルカン酸)エステルを含むエステル
アミン アミド、カルバメート、イミン、エナミン
カルボニル(アルデヒド、ケトン) イミン、オキシム、アセタール/ケタール、エノールエステル、オキサゾリジンおよびチアゾオキソリジン(thiazoxolidine)
酸化的活性化
・N−およびO−脱アルキル化
・酸化的脱アミノ化
・N−酸化
・エポキシ化
還元的活性化
・アゾ還元
・スルホキシド還元
・ジスルフィド還元
・生体内還元性アルキル化
・ニトロ還元
前述の通り、本発明は、S1P受容体調節因子またはアゴニスト療法に関連する可能性がある陰性変時作用および/または心臓の作用を最小限にするように適合された新規の投与レジメンを提供する。
1.1 心拍数(例えば1日当たりの平均または最小心拍数)の1日当たりの減少が毎分約2回以下になるように対象に投与される医薬品の製造における、心拍数の陰性変時作用を誘発するS1P受容体調節因子またはアゴニスト、例えば化合物A、またはその塩もしくはプロドラッグの使用。
2.1 S1P受容体調節因子またはアゴニスト、例えば化合物A、またはその塩もしくはプロドラッグを用いた治療方法であって、初期治療期間中、例えば治療の最初の10日間、例えば9日間、8、7または6日間に、投与量が標準の投与量未満、例えば標準の1日投与量の80分の1、例えば40分の1、例えば30分の1であり、それが最大で標準の1日投与量まで任意選択により段階的に増加されるように前記S1P受容体調節因子またはアゴニストが投与されることが改良である治療方法。その後治療は、標準の有効な1日投与量を用いて継続される。
3.1 本明細書で定義の投与レジメンに従って投与される、自己免疫疾患の治療において使用するための、本明細書で定義のS1P受容体調節因子またはアゴニスト。
4.1 標準の1日投与量未満の可変的な1日投与量のS1P受容体調節因子またはアゴニスト、例えば化合物A、またはその塩もしくはプロドラッグの医薬品の1日当たりの単位を含有するキット。例えば、前記S1P受容体調節因子またはアゴニストの1日当たりの単位は、S1P受容体調節因子またはアゴニストの標準用量のそれぞれ約1/40、1/10および1/2であってよく、あるいは標準の1日用量の約1/30、1/15および1/8、または約1/10、1/5および1/2.5であってよく、あるいは標準用量の約1/10または1/4であってよい。一態様では、キットは、0.5mg、2mgおよび10mgの投与量を含む。キットはさらに、S1P受容体調節因子またはアゴニスト、例えば化合物A、またはその塩もしくはプロドラッグの標準の1日投与量に合わせた単位を含むことができる。キットは、使用のための指示を含有することもできる。
5.1 対象に、本明細書で先に定義の量の1日投与量の化合物Aまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩を投与するステップを含む、それを必要としている対象における自己免疫疾患を治療する方法。
6.1 (i)S1P受容体調節因子またはアゴニストを用いて治療を受ける患者が、先に記載の治療投与レジメンの使用が有益となり得る分類に属するかどうかを決定するステップと、
(ii)患者がこの分類に属する場合、先に記載の治療投与レジメンを使用して患者を治療するステップと
を含む、先に記載の(例えば、本発明の特定の態様または実施形態のいずれかにおける)治療投与レジメンについて、患者の必要性または適合性を評価する方法。
心拍数
試験にわたる1日当たりの最小心拍数の変動であるHRmin(24時間の平均最小心拍数)を、図1に示す。
以下の表2は、患者の試験中に、試験のすべての4群に対して観測した心室および上室性転移症(それぞれVEおよびSVE)の数ならびに2秒を超える停止の総数を示す。
Claims (2)
- 下記式のS1P受容体調節因子またはアゴニスト化合物である1−{4−[1−(4−シクロヘキシル−3−トリフルオロメチル−ベンジルオキシイミノ)−エチル]−2−エチル−ベンジル}−アゼチジン−3−カルボン酸(化合物A)
または薬学的に許容されるその塩を含み、
前記S1P受容体調節因子またはアゴニストが、治療の最初の3日間は0.25mgの用量で与えられ、4日目は0.5mg、5日目は1mg、6日目は2mg、7日目は4mg、8日目は8mg、9〜12日目は10mgの用量で与えられる、自己免疫疾患の治療のための医薬品。 - 下記式のS1P受容体調節因子またはアゴニスト化合物である1−{4−[1−(4−シクロヘキシル−3−トリフルオロメチル−ベンジルオキシイミノ)−エチル]−2−エチル−ベンジル}−アゼチジン−3−カルボン酸(化合物A)
または薬学的に許容されるその塩を含み、
前記S1P受容体調節因子またはアゴニストが、治療の最初の2日間は0.25mgの用量で与えられ、3日目は0.5mg、4日目は0.75mg、5日目は1.25mg、6日目は2mg、7日目は3mg、8日目は5mg、9日目は8mg、10〜12日目は10mgの用量で与えられる、自己免疫疾患の治療のための医薬品。
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