JP5647582B2 - stretcher - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an emergency transport stretcher used in a disaster area or a hospital.

  For example, when a cared person is transported in a disaster area where the scaffolding is poor, a normal stretcher lifts the cared person and moves while walking, which places a heavy burden on the carer. In addition, if a four-wheel stretcher used frequently in hospitals is used in disaster areas, it is difficult to travel in places where large stones and rubble are scattered because each wheel has a small diameter. Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, there is a stretcher that can be used in combination with a vehicle body having a pair of left and right small-diameter wheels and a large-diameter wheel at the rear. Proposed. The stretcher is detachable with respect to the vehicle body, and a caregiver lying down by attaching the stretcher to the vehicle body can be transported by wheel running.

  In addition, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, there is a wheelchair that can also be used as a stretcher. This stretcher uses a seat chair part of a wheelchair, is detachable from the vehicle body, refracts in the middle of the chair part and becomes a seat part and a backrest part, and the angle at which they cross each other can be changed It is. Therefore, by lying down the backrest part of the seat part attached to the wheelchair horizontally, the care receiver lying down can be transported using the wheelchair.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-315312 JP-A-6-142137

  However, in the case of the stretcher of Patent Document 1, the vehicle body for transporting by wheel running is dedicated for mounting the stretcher, and since there is no other use, the usage efficiency is poor. Given the storage location and cost issues, it is not reasonable.

  In addition, the stretcher of Patent Document 2 is normally used as a wheelchair, and has a structure in which the angle of the connecting portion of the pipe of the seat chair portion is variable. It cannot be tolerated. In addition, since the structure is complicated and the cost is higher than that of a general-purpose wheelchair for nursing care, it is not easy to widely disseminate it in hospitals and other public facilities.

  Furthermore, the stretchers disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are structures that travel on a four-wheel system including small-diameter wheels when transporting a cared person by wheel traveling, so in a disaster area where the scaffolding is poor. Not suitable for use.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described background art, and aims to provide a stretcher that can be safely and easily transported by a cared person or the like and can be used in a normal manner by being combined with a wheelchair. To do.

  The present invention is a stretcher having a transportable body that can be laid down by a care recipient, and a grip portion that a caregiver grips at a front end portion and a rear end portion thereof, and a center portion on a lower surface side of the transport body A wheelchair connecting part for removably fixing a part of a wheelchair for nursing care or the like provided with a seat part and a backrest part on a vehicle body attached to any position in front of the vehicle and a pair of left and right wheels attached to the front and rear And when the wheelchair is attached to the wheelchair connecting portion, the front side of the transport body is supported by the wheelchair and can be driven by rotation of the wheel, and the caregiver grips the grip portion of the rear end portion. This is a stretcher that can be moved.

  In the wheelchair, a small-diameter wheel is attached to the front side of the vehicle body, and a large-diameter wheel is attached to the rear side, and when the wheelchair is attached to the wheelchair connecting portion, the front side of the carrier is supported by the wheelchair. Then, the small-diameter wheel floats from the ground and can run freely only by the rotation of the large-diameter wheel.

The wheelchair connection portion is provided in a pair at the left and right side end portions of the transport body, and has corner portions protruding downward, and the angle of the corner portions intersects the seat portion and the backrest portion of the wheelchair. When the wheelchair is attached to the wheelchair connecting portion, the angle is set to an angle, the wheelchair is tilted rearward with the large-diameter wheel as an axis, and the small-diameter wheel is lifted from the ground. However, the structure may be such that the seat portion of the wheelchair and the side end surface of the backrest portion are in contact with each other and are sandwiched and fixed between two L-shaped surfaces of the seat portion and the backrest portion of the wheelchair . At this time, it is preferable that the wheelchair connection part is detachable from the carrier.

  In addition, the wheelchair is provided with a pair of left and right handles for operating the vehicle body on the back of the backrest portion, and the wheelchair connecting portion is a connecting tool that connects the grip portion on the front end side and the handle. A certain structure may be used.

  The transport body includes a pair of left and right horizontal frames connected by a connection frame, and a flexible sheet stretched between them, and the connection frame and the horizontal frame are assembled in a dismountable manner. Further, the sheet is formed by laminating a plurality of sheet materials, and an accommodating portion capable of accommodating a conveyed product is formed inside the plural sheet materials, and the connection frame and the lateral frame are the accommodating portions of the sheet. It may be a structure that can be disassembled or folded into a size that fits in the space.

  The stretcher according to the present invention is used by attaching to a wheelchair for general-purpose care, etc. in addition to the normal use in which two caregivers lift the carrier and convey the care recipient, and by one caregiver by wheel running. Caregivers and the like can be transported easily and safely. In particular, a stretcher that can be easily combined with a wheelchair and can run on wheels even when a sudden disaster strikes can be prepared in a short time. Furthermore, if the wheelchair's small-diameter wheel is lifted and driven only by the rotation of the large-diameter wheel, the cared person can be transported smoothly even in places with poor scaffolding, such as large stones or debris scattered in the disaster area. You can easily move over obstacles.

It is a perspective view which shows 1st embodiment of the stretcher of this invention. It is the top view (a) which shows the conveyance body of the stretcher of 1st embodiment, a front view (b), and the schematic diagram (c) which shows the assembly structure of a horizontal frame. It is a front view which shows the wheelchair connection part used for the stretcher of 1st embodiment. It is the front view (a) which shows the stretcher of 1st embodiment, and a schematic diagram (b) explaining the attachment structure of a wheelchair connection part and a conveyance body. It is a front view which shows a mode that a wheelchair is attached to the stretcher of 1st embodiment, and a cared person is mounted and moved. It is a front view which shows a mode that the wheelchair is attached to the stretcher of 1st embodiment, and it is set | placed on the ground and stopped. It is a front view which shows a mode that a wheelchair is attached to 2nd embodiment of the stretcher of this invention, and a cared person is mounted and moved. It is a front view which shows a mode that the wheelchair was attached to the stretcher of 2nd embodiment, and the rear-end part of the conveyance body has been put on the upper surface of a support stand, and has stopped.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a stretcher according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The stretcher 10 of this embodiment is attached to a wheelchair such as a nursing care not shown in the state shown in FIG. First, the structure of the stretcher 10 before the wheelchair is attached will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The stretcher 10 includes a carrier 12 on which a care receiver can lie down. As shown in FIG. 2, the carrier 12 has a pair of left and right horizontal frames 14 that are different in shape from the three connecting frames 16 (16a, 16b, and 16c in order from the front) arranged with a space in the front-rear direction. The seat 18 is stretched between the horizontal frames 14 and fixed by using the connecting frame 17. And the grip parts 20 and 22 which two caregivers hold | grip are provided in the front-end part and rear-end part of the horizontal frame 14, respectively.

  The horizontal frame 14 is made of, for example, aluminum pipe material, and can be disassembled into a front frame 14a and a rear frame 14b having substantially the same length. For example, as shown in FIG. 2C, the front and rear frames 14a and 14b are inserted with the male end of the front frame 14a inside the female end of the rear frame 14b. A structure that uses and connects is preferable.

  The sheet 18 is formed of a substantially rectangular flexible sheet material, and a plurality of left and right ends are stitched into a ring shape, and the assembled horizontal frame 14 is inserted inside the ring-shaped portion 18a.

  The connecting frame 16 is straight at the center and bent at both ends in a U-shape, and the exposed portions of the lateral frame 14 inserted through the ring-shaped portion 18a are fixed at both ends. The straight central portion of the connecting frame 16 functions as a leg portion that horizontally supports the carrier 12 when the stretcher 10 is placed on the ground. The connecting frame 17 connects the opposing horizontal frames 14 in the shortest length to reinforce the frame structure.

  The grip portion 20 extends straight from the front end portions of the pair of horizontal frames 14, and the grip portion 22 extends from the rear end portions of the pair of horizontal frames 14, and bends downward in the middle. The shape of the grips 20 and 22 in FIG. 2 is an example, and can be changed as appropriate so that a caregiver can easily grip the grip.

  The stretcher 10 can be used as a normal stretcher that is lifted and moved by two caregivers in the state of the carrier 12 in FIG. 2 (a state in which a wheelchair connecting portion 26 described later is not attached).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a pair of wheelchair connecting portions 26 for connecting to the wheelchair is detachably attached to the stretcher 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the wheelchair connecting portion 26 has a U-shaped frame 28 in which a central portion is straight and both end portions are bent in a U-shape, and a central portion of an elongated plate is bent at a slightly obtuse angle rather than a right angle. The L-shaped plate 30 is configured to have both ends of the L-shaped plate 30 attached to both ends of the U-shaped frame 28, and the corners of the L-shaped plate 30 protrude outward.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the wheelchair connecting portion 26 is located between the connecting frames 16 a and 16 b in front of the central portion on the lower surface side of the transport body 12 and in the vicinity of the horizontal frame 14. It can be mounted almost parallel to. Here, one bent portion of the U-shaped frame 28 is fixed to the connecting frame 16a, and the other bent portion is fixed to the connecting frame 16b using a fixing tool 32 such as a bolt.

  Next, a state where the wheelchair 34 is connected to the stretcher 10 of FIGS. 1 and 4A will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. The wheelchair 34 used here is a widely used general-purpose wheelchair, and has a vehicle body 40 with a pair of left and right small-diameter wheels 36 attached to the front and a pair of left and right large-diameter wheels 38 attached to the rear, respectively. A seat portion 42 and a backrest portion 44 are provided on the vehicle body 40. The seat portion 42 is formed by stretching a cloth sheet 42b between side end portions 42a formed of a pair of left and right frames. Similarly, the backrest portion 44 is formed by stretching a cloth sheet 44b between side end portions 44a formed of a pair of left and right frames. A pair of left and right handles 46 for operating the vehicle body are provided in an upper part of the back surface of the backrest portion 44.

  When attaching the wheelchair 34 to the wheelchair connecting portion 26 of the stretcher 10, the two corners of the wheelchair connecting portion 26 projecting downward from the L-shaped plate 30 are connected to the side end portion 42 a of the seat portion 42 of the wheelchair 34 and the backrest. Each is brought into contact with the surface of the side end portion 44a of the portion 44, and is fixed firmly using a fixing belt (not shown) or the like so that the contact portions are not separated. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the front side of the transport body 12 of the stretcher 10 is supported by the wheelchair 34, the rear side is supported by the ground by the grip portion 22, and the transport body 12 is stabilized in a tilted state. At this time, since the position of the seat portion 42 and the backrest portion 44 follows the corner portion of the wheelchair connecting portion 26, the wheelchair 34 tilts backward with the large-diameter wheel 38 as an axis, and the front small-diameter wheel 36 floats from the ground. .

  When the caregiver M2 grips and lifts the grip portion 22, as shown in FIG. 6, the inclination of the wheelchair 34 is reduced, but the small-diameter wheel 36 is lifted high from the ground. Therefore, since the stretcher 10 can travel only by the rotation of the large-diameter wheel 38, the small-diameter wheel 36 does not collide even if there is unevenness on the ground, and can easily get over the large-diameter wheel 38.

  As described above, the stretcher 10 of this embodiment is used by being attached to a general-purpose wheelchair 34 in addition to the normal use in which two caregivers M2 lift the carrier 12 and convey the cared person M1, It can be transported by one caregiver M2 by wheel running. In particular, when using the latter, it is possible to use a wheelchair that is frequently used in hospitals and other public facilities, and the positioning and fixing of the stretcher 10 and the wheelchair 34 are easy. Even when attacked, the stretcher 10 capable of wheel driving can be prepared in a short time. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, since the center of gravity position of the cared person M1 is close to the large-diameter wheel 38, the cared person M2 is engaged as compared with the case where the grip portions 20 and 22 of the stretcher 10 are held by two people. The load is small. Moreover, since the large-diameter wheel 38 is positioned slightly below the head of the center of gravity of the cared person M1, the load on the cared person M1 is large in the vertical direction above the axle of the large-diameter wheel 38. It acts as a moment to the left and right with the wheel 38 as the center, greatly reducing the load on the cared person M1 applied to the carer M2.

  Further, the stretcher 10 in a state where the wheel can be run travels only by the rotation of the large-diameter wheel 38 while the small-diameter wheel 36 of the wheelchair 34 is lifted, so that obstacles such as large stones and rubble scattered in the disaster area can be easily obtained. You can get over and move.

  Moreover, since the conveyance body 12 of the stretcher 10 can be disassembled, after removing the wheelchair 34, it can be disassembled into parts and stored compactly.

  Next, a second embodiment of the stretcher according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, the same structure as the stretcher 10 of the said embodiment attaches | subjects the same code | symbol, and abbreviate | omits description. As shown in FIG. 7, the stretcher 48 of this embodiment is attached to a wheelchair 34 to enable wheel traveling.

  The stretcher 48 includes a carrier 50 on which the care recipient M1 can lie down. The transport body 50 is a transport body that is simpler and less expensive than the transport body 12 of FIG. 2, and the connection frames 16 and 17 are deleted from the configuration of the transport body 12, and the shape of the rear grip 22 is slightly changed. It is a thing. The stretcher 48 can be used as a normal stretcher that is lifted and moved by two caregivers in the state of the transport body 50 (a state where a wheelchair connecting portion 52 described later is not attached).

  Further, a pair of wheelchair connecting portions 52 for enabling connection to the wheelchair 34 is attached to the stretcher 48. The wheelchair connecting portion 52 is a member provided with a first fixing portion 52a in the upper portion and a second fixing portion 52b in the lower portion, and as shown in FIG. 7, the carrier 50 is placed inside the first fixing portion 52a. The grip 20 is fixed so as to be inserted.

  When the wheelchair 34 is connected to the stretcher 48, the handle 46 of the wheelchair 34 is inserted and fixed to the second fixing portion 52 b of the wheelchair connection portion 52 so that the front side of the transport body 50 is supported by the wheelchair 34. . At this time, by setting the insertion angle of the first and second fixing parts 52a and 52b of the wheelchair connecting part 52, the seat part 42 and the backrest part 44 of the wheelchair 34 are inclined backward with the large-diameter wheel 38 as an axis, The small-diameter wheel 36 is lifted from the ground. Accordingly, the stretcher 48 can also be driven by the rotation of only the large-diameter wheel 38 as in the above-described stretcher 10, and the small-diameter wheel 36 does not collide even if the ground surface is uneven, and the large-diameter wheel 38 can easily get over. Can do.

  After the cared person M1 is transferred to the destination, when it is desired to stabilize the carrier 50 in a substantially horizontal state like a bed, the grip 22 on the rear side of the carrier 50 is appropriately set as shown in FIG. What is necessary is just to support on the upper surface of the support stand 54 of height.

  As described above, the stretcher 48 according to the second embodiment can obtain the same effects as the stretcher 10 using the wheelchair connecting portion 52 having a very small outer shape. Moreover, it can be used regardless of the form of the transport body, and can also be used for the transport body 12 described above. However, as compared with the above-described stretcher 10, this structure tends to concentrate stress on the wheelchair connecting portion 52 when used by being connected to the wheelchair 34. Therefore, it should be noted that the wheelchair connecting portion 52 is made of a material having excellent durability, and the first and second fixing portions 52a and 52b having a structure that firmly holds the positional relationship between the grip portion 20 and the handle 46 are provided.

  In addition, the stretcher of this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. In the case of the above stretchers 10 and 48, it is assumed that the stretchers 10 and 48 are used in disaster areas where the scaffolding is poor, and the shape of the wheelchair connecting portion is set so that the small-diameter wheel is lifted when the wheelchair is connected. However, when it is supposed to be used in a hospital, the shape of the wheelchair connecting portion can be changed so that the small-diameter wheel can roll on the ground. In hospitals, a four-wheel stretcher is usually used to transport patients who cannot sit in a wheelchair. However, there are situations where the delivery of emergency patients by an ambulance is concentrated and there are insufficient stretchers, and it becomes impossible to secure personnel to accompany individual emergency patients. The stretcher of the present invention is very convenient. Because the floor is flat in the hospital, there is no need to worry about obstacles hitting the small-diameter wheel, and there is no need to lift the small-diameter wheel off the ground. Therefore, the shape of the wheelchair connecting portion can be set so that the small-diameter wheel also rolls on the ground like the large-diameter wheel.

  Moreover, the stretcher of this invention does not have a special restriction | limiting about the form of a conveyance body, It can change freely. For example, instead of a soft sheet, a rectangular plate material provided with a cushion material may be used. When used in a disaster area or the like, it is desirable to use a sheet material made of a synthetic resin that is waterproof and resistant to tearing as the sheet 18 of the stretchers 10 and 48. Furthermore, if the sheet 18 is formed by stacking a plurality of the sheet materials and a storage portion is formed between the stacked sheets 18, the disassembled frame 14, the connecting frame 16, etc. are stored in the storage portion after use of the stretcher. Convenient to do. Further, a storage portion such as a pocket may be attached to the single sheet 18 so that the care receiver's belongings and other items can be stored and transported.

  In addition, the size, material, and structure of each frame and the like can be appropriately set according to the height and weight of the care recipient such as adults and children.

10, 48 Stretchers 12, 50 Transport body 14 Horizontal frame 14a Front frame 14b Rear frame 16 (16a, 16b, 16c), 17 Connection frame 18 Seat 18a Ring-shaped parts 20, 22 Grip parts 24, 32 Fixing tool 26 Wheelchair connection part 28 U-shaped frame 30 L-shaped plate 34 Wheelchair 36 Small-diameter wheel 38 Large-diameter wheel 40 Vehicle body 42 Seat 42a Side end 42b Seat 44 Backrest 44a Side end 44b Seat 46 Handle 52 Wheelchair connecting part 52a First fixed part 52b Second fixed part M1 Care recipient M2 Caregiver

Claims (4)

In the stretcher in which the cared person has a carrier that can lie down, and the grip part that the caregiver grips is provided at the front end part and the rear end part thereof,
Wherein the center portion of the lower surface of the carrier is attached to the forward position, comprising a wheelchair connecting portion that will be removably fixed to a predetermined portion of the wheelchair,
The wheelchair is provided with a seat portion and a backrest portion on a vehicle body in which a pair of left and right wheels are attached to the front and rear, a small-diameter wheel is attached to the front side of the vehicle body, and a large-diameter wheel is attached to the rear side, respectively.
The wheelchair connecting portion is provided in a pair at the left and right side end portions of the carrier, each having a L-shaped two-sided corner portion protruding downward, and the angle of the corner portion is the wheelchair. Is set at an angle at which the seat and the backrest intersect.
When attaching the wheelchair to the wheelchair connecting portion, the wheelchair is tilted backward with the large-diameter wheel as an axis, and the small-diameter wheel is lifted from the ground,
When the wheelchair connecting portion is attached to the wheelchair, the two L-shaped surfaces on both sides of the corner of the wheelchair connecting portion face each side end of the seat portion and the backrest portion of the wheelchair. The two surfaces of the wheelchair connecting portion are sandwiched between the seat portion and the backrest portion of the inclined wheelchair, and the front side of the carrier is supported by the wheelchair, litter characterized by comprising a free running by rotation of the diameter wheel only. In the stretcher in which the cared person has a carrier that can lie down, and the grip part that the caregiver grips is provided at the front end part and the rear end part thereof,
A wheelchair connecting part that is attached to a position in front of the center part on the lower surface side of the carrier and is detachably fixed to a predetermined part of the wheelchair,
The wheelchair is provided with a seat portion and a backrest portion on a vehicle body in which a pair of left and right wheels are attached to the front and rear, a small-diameter wheel is attached to the front side of the vehicle body, and a large-diameter wheel is attached to the rear side, respectively.
The wheelchair connecting portion has a first fixing portion and a second fixing portion, the first fixing portion is fixed to a front end portion of the transport body, and the second fixing portion is provided so as to be fixable to a handle of the wheelchair. And
When the handle of the wheelchair is attached to the second fixed portion of the wheelchair connecting portion, the front side of the transport body is supported by the wheelchair, and the small-diameter wheel is lifted from the ground and travels by rotation of only the large-diameter wheel. A stretcher characterized by being free .   The stretcher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wheelchair connecting portion is detachable from the carrier. The transport body has a pair of left and right horizontal frames connected by a connecting frame, and a flexible sheet stretched between them,
The stretcher according to claim 1, wherein the connection frame and the lateral frame are assembled so as to be disassembled.

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