JP5641341B2 - Armature - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an armature that can reduce eddy current loss generated in a coil wound around a slot of a stator core.

  Conventionally, as an armature of a rotating electric machine, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1. The armature includes a core having a plurality of slots and a coil wound around the slots, and is disposed to face a rotor as a field that generates a magnetic field, and constitutes the rotating electric machine together with the rotor. A plurality of linear conductors forming a coil are aligned and arranged in the depth direction of the slot, and at least the linear conductor that is arranged closest to the rotor in the depth direction in the slot is a proximity conductor. In addition, when a linear conductor formed by a square line arranged at a position farther from the rotor than the adjacent conductor is used as the separated conductor, the proximity conductor has a higher resistivity than the material constituting the separated conductor (aluminum) (Aluminum). Thus, by using an aluminum wire as the proximity conductor, since aluminum has a higher resistivity than copper, eddy current loss can be reduced.

JP 2010-183741 A

  By the way, since the linear conductor of the armature described in Patent Document 1 is a square wire, the adjacent conductor is also a square wire. In the case of this square line, since the length of the side of the square line section arranged in the slot becomes long, an eddy current tends to flow due to a change in the magnetic field, which causes a problem that the eddy current loss increases.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an armature that can reduce eddy current loss generated in a winding disposed in a slot.

The invention according to claim 1, which has been made to achieve the above object, has an annular shape disposed around the rotor via a gap, and is arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the annular shape. In an armature having a core having a plurality of slots and a plurality of windings wound around teeth between the slots and arranged radially in the slots, and constituting a rotating electric machine together with the rotor, Of the plurality of windings arranged in the slot, the first layer winding closest to the rotor has a surface area intersecting with the first magnetic flux passing in the circumferential direction of the core, and the rotor. one or both of the area of the surface that intersects the second magnetic flux passing through enters the slot from is rather smaller than the other winding in the slots, cut in a radial direction perpendicular to the core and the axial direction The cross section of the square shape is square, and the radial direction of this square cross section Is is characterized short Ikoto than other winding in the slots.

  According to this configuration, when the area of the surface where the first magnetic flux of the first layer winding in the slot intersects is reduced, the amount of the first magnetic flux passing through this surface is reduced. The eddy current generated in response to the passage is reduced, thereby reducing the eddy current loss. Further, when the area of the surface where the second magnetic flux of the first layer winding in the slot intersects is reduced, the amount of the second magnetic flux passing through this surface is reduced, so that according to the passage of the second magnetic flux. The generated eddy current is reduced, thereby reducing the eddy current loss. Further, if the cross-sectional area of both the crossing surface of the first magnetic flux and the crossing surface of the second magnetic flux in the winding is reduced, the cross-sectional area of either the crossing surface of the first magnetic flux or the crossing surface of the second magnetic flux is reduced. The effect of reducing eddy current loss can be obtained more than in the case of reducing the size.

In addition , since the radial length of the square cross section of the first layer winding is short, the amount of passage of the first magnetic flux that intersects this radial surface is reduced. Therefore, the eddy current generated in response to the passage of the first magnetic flux is reduced, thereby reducing the eddy current loss.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, among the windings arranged in the slit, a plurality of windings from the first layer to the outer peripheral side have the same shape as the winding of the first layer. And

  According to this configuration, the eddy current loss decreases from the winding closest to the rotor (first layer) to the outer peripheral side among all the windings arranged in the same slot. Therefore, not only the first layer winding but also the second layer outside the first layer has the same shape as the first layer, so that the eddy current loss can be reduced even in the second layer winding. Combined with the effect of reducing the eddy current loss, a larger effect of reducing the eddy current loss can be obtained. Similarly, by sequentially adding the third layer winding, the fourth layer winding, and the 4 + n (n = integer increasing by 1) layer winding to the same shape as the first layer, A further large eddy current loss reduction effect can be obtained.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the distance between the end surface of the teeth facing the rotor and the facing surface of the first layer winding facing the rotor is set, and the second magnetic flux is applied to the facing surface. It is characterized in that the passing amount is reduced by a predetermined amount.

  According to this configuration, the distance between the end face of the teeth and the facing surface of the first layer winding rotor is set to a length that reduces the amount of the second magnetic flux passing through the facing surface by a predetermined amount. The amount of passage of the second magnetic flux to the rotor-facing surface of the layer winding is reduced, and an effect that the generation of eddy current is reduced and the eddy current loss is reduced correspondingly.

It is sectional drawing of the rotating shaft direction which shows the structure of the rotary electric machine which has the armature which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) Partial cross-sectional view of the rectangular winding when the core of the armature is cut in the radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction, (b) A diagram showing a portion of one slot surrounded by a broken line frame in (a). is there. (A) Cross-sectional view of rectangular windings arranged in a normal slot, (b) A diagram showing a ratio of eddy current loss generated in each rectangular winding shown in (a). It is a figure which shows the reduction amount of the eddy current loss by the winding of the conventional armature, and the increase amount of resistance loss. It is a figure which shows the reduction amount of the eddy current loss by the winding of the armature of this embodiment, and the increase amount of resistance loss. (A) The structure which reduced the area of the surface facing the rotor of the square winding of the 1st layer of the armature of a reference example , (b) The 2nd magnetic flux which passes through a slot diagonally from a rotor is shown. FIG. (A) The structure which shortened radial direction length L1 of the 1st layer and 2nd layer square winding, (b) The radial direction length L1 of the 1st layer-3rd layer square winding was shortened It is a figure which shows a structure and shows the structure which shortened radial direction length L1 of the square winding of (c) 1st layer-the 4th layer. It is a figure which shows the structure which lengthened the distance L5 of the end surface of the teeth which opposes the rotor of the core of the armature of this embodiment, and the surface of the 1st-layer square coil | winding by predetermined length.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, parts corresponding to each other in all the drawings in this specification are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description of the overlapping parts will be omitted as appropriate.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in the rotation axis direction showing the structure of a rotating electrical machine having an armature according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  A rotating electrical machine 10 shown in FIG. 1 is used in a vehicle or the like, and a laminated steel plate 12 in which a large number of annular and thin steel plates that are inserted through and fitted into a rotating shaft 11 are laminated, and the vicinity of the outer periphery of the laminated steel plate 12. A rotor 14 having a permanent magnet 13 embedded in the axial direction in a portion is provided, and an annular shape is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 14 with a predetermined gap therebetween, and an electric power (not shown) The armature 18 includes a three-phase winding 16 made of a conductive material connected to an inverter for conversion, and a core 17 made of a laminated steel plate around which the winding 16 is wound. The winding 16 is, for example, a copper wire.

  Here, FIG. 2A shows a part of a cross section of the rectangular winding 16 when the core 17 is cut in a radial direction orthogonal to the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 2A, the armature 18 includes a plurality of slots 17a formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction in the core 17, and windings 16 are wound around teeth 17b between the slots 17a. Windings 16 are arranged radially in slots 17a. As shown in the drawing, the winding 16 has a square cross-sectional shape, and is hereinafter also referred to as a square winding 16.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, which represents a portion of one slot 17a surrounded by a broken line frame in FIG. 2A, each of the rectangular windings 16-1 to 16-6 is provided in the slot 17a from the rotor 14 side. 1st layer square winding 16-1, 2nd layer square winding 16-2, 3rd layer square winding 16-3, 4th layer square winding 16-4, 5th layer The square winding 16-5 of the eye and the square winding 16-6 of the sixth layer are arranged in this order toward the outer peripheral side.

  The square winding 16-1 in the first layer has a radial length (radial length) L1 shorter than the radial length L2 of the other square windings 16-2 to 16-6. is there. In other words, the square winding 16-1 in the first layer has the length L1 of the side intersecting with the magnetic flux (also referred to as a first magnetic flux) φ1 flowing in the circumferential direction through the armature 18 as another square winding 16. It is shorter than the length L2 of the same side of −2 to 16-6, so that the area of the surface where the first magnetic flux φ1 intersects is larger than the areas of the other square windings 16-2 to 16-6. Is also getting smaller.

  As described above, when the radial length L1 of the first-layer rectangular winding 16-1 facing the rotor 14 with a predetermined interval is shortened, in other words, the area of the surface where the first magnetic flux φ1 intersects is reduced. When it is made smaller, the number of the first magnetic flux φ1 passing through the surface having the radial length L1 is reduced, so that the eddy current generated in response to the passage of the first magnetic flux φ1 is reduced. This reduces eddy current loss.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3A, the radial length L1 of the first-layer rectangular winding 16-1a is the same as the other ones, and all the rectangular windings 16-1a, 16-2 to 16-16 are used. When the cross-sectional area of −6 is the same, the ratio of the eddy current loss generated in the full-width windings 16-1a and 16-2 to 16-6 is as shown in FIG. 46%, the second layer is 27%, the third phase is 16%, the fourth phase is 8%, and the fifth and sixth layers are 3% in total. Accordingly, the ratio of the eddy current loss generated in the first-layer square winding 16-1a accounts for about half of the eddy current loss generated in the full-angle windings 16-1a and 16-2 to 16-6. .

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2B, the radial length L1 of the first-layer square winding 16-1 is shortened to reduce the area of the crossing surface with the first magnetic flux φ1, thereby When the eddy current loss is reduced, the eddy current loss can be reduced at a relatively large ratio with respect to the eddy current loss generated in the full-width windings 16-1 to 16-6.

  For example, when only the first layer winding is made of an aluminum wire as in Patent Document 1, since aluminum has a resistivity 1.6 times that of copper, the eddy current of the copper wire shown in FIG. The loss is reduced to 1 / 1.6 as shown in the aluminum wire of (b). However, since the resistivity of the aluminum wire is larger than that of copper as described above, the resistance loss increases by 1.6 times as shown in (a) to (b).

  On the other hand, as in this embodiment, the radial length L1 of the first-layer square winding 16-1 is shortened to reduce the area of the crossing surface with the first magnetic flux φ1, thereby reducing eddy current loss. In this case, the eddy current loss of the copper wire shown in FIG. 5A is reduced to 1/3 as shown in the copper wire of FIG. Further, since the resistivity increases as the radial length L1 becomes shorter and the cross-sectional area becomes smaller, it increases by 1.5 times as shown in FIGS. That is, in the case of this embodiment, the eddy current loss can be reduced to 1/3, which is larger than the conventional 1 / 1.6.

Incidentally, in FIG. 6 (a), a first layer of prismatic winding 16-1b, the circumferential length (circumferential direction length) L3, other rectangular winding 16-2～16-6 A reference example is shown in which the area of the surface facing the rotor 14 is made smaller than the circumferential length L4. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6B, the amount of magnetic flux (also referred to as second magnetic flux) φ2 entering the slot 17a obliquely from the rotor 14 passes through the first-layer square winding 16-1b. Can be reduced. Therefore, the eddy current generated in response to the passage of the magnetic flux φ2 can be reduced, thereby reducing the eddy current loss. Further, since the second magnetic flux φ2 is larger than the first magnetic flux φ1, depending on the ratio of shortening the circumferential length L3 and reducing the area of the intersecting surface of the second magnetic flux φ2, the effect of reducing the eddy current loss can be further increased. Can be obtained.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications or expansions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example , if the area of both the crossing surface of the first magnetic flux φ1 and the crossing surface of the second magnetic flux φ2 is reduced, the area of either the crossing surface of the first magnetic flux φ1 or the crossing surface of the second magnetic flux φ2 is reduced. The effect of reducing eddy current loss can be obtained more than in the case of doing so.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7A, the radial length L1 of the second-layer square winding 16-2a is also the same as the radial length L1 of the first-layer square winding 16-1. Also good. In this case, since the ratio of the eddy current loss is 27% in the second layer as described above, the ratio of the eddy current loss is 73% when combined with 46% of the first phase. Since the predetermined eddy current loss is reduced out of the 73% eddy current loss, the effect of reducing the eddy current loss can be further obtained.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7B, the radial length L1 of the third-layer square winding 16-3a is also the same as that of the first-layer and second-layer square windings 16-1, 16-2a. It may be the same as the radial length L1. Also in this case, since the ratio of the eddy current loss is 16% in the third layer as described above, the ratio of the eddy current loss is 89% when combined with 73% of the first and second phases. Of the 89% eddy current loss, the predetermined eddy current loss is reduced, so that the effect of reducing the eddy current loss can be obtained.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7C, the radial length L1 of the fourth-layer square winding 16-4a is also set to the first to third-layer square windings 16-1, 16-2a, 16. It may be the same as the radial direction length L1 of −3a. Also in this case, since the ratio of eddy current loss is 8% in the fourth layer as described above, the ratio of eddy current loss becomes 97% when combined with 89% of the first to third phases. Of the 97% eddy current loss, the predetermined eddy current loss is reduced, so that the effect of reducing the eddy current loss can be obtained.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the distance L5 between the end surface of the teeth 17b facing the rotor 14 and the surface of the first-layer square winding 16-1 may be increased. This distance L5 is set to a length that reduces the amount by which the second magnetic flux φ2 passes through the surface of the first-layer square winding 16-1 facing the rotor 14 by a predetermined amount. That is, when the distance L5 is short, the rotor-facing surface of the first-layer square winding 16-1 is close to the opening of the slot 17a, so that the second magnetic flux φ2 can easily pass therethrough. There is a lot of passing through. For this reason, many eddy currents are generated and eddy current loss increases.

  However, if the distance L5 is long, the amount of passage of the second magnetic flux φ2 to the rotor-facing surface of the first-layer square winding 16-1 decreases, and accordingly, the generation of eddy currents decreases and the eddy current decreases. The effect that current loss is reduced is obtained.

  In the above description, it is assumed that the winding 16 has a square cross section, but the same effect as described above can be obtained even if the winding 16 has a shape other than the square shape.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Rotating electrical machine 11 Rotating shaft 12 Laminated steel plate 13 Permanent magnet 14 Rotor 16 Winding 16-1, 16-1a, 16-1b First layer square winding 16-2, 16-2a Second layer square Winding 16-3, 16-3a 3rd layer square winding 16-4, 16-4a 4th layer square winding 16-5 5th layer square winding 16-6 6th layer Square winding 17 Core 17a Slot 17b Teeth 18 Armature φ1, φ2 Magnetic flux

Claims (3)

A ring is arranged around the rotor via a gap, and is wound around a core having a plurality of slots arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the ring, and a tooth between the slots. In the armature having a plurality of windings arranged in the radial direction in the slot, and constituting a rotating electrical machine together with the rotor,
Of the plurality of windings arranged in the slot, the first layer winding closest to the rotor has a surface area intersecting with the first magnetic flux passing in the circumferential direction of the core, and the rotor. one or both of the area of the surface that intersects the second magnetic flux passing through enters the slot from is rather smaller than the other winding in the slots, cut in a radial direction perpendicular to the core and the axial direction an armature section of when the the angled type, the length of the radial direction of the rectangular cross section and wherein the short Ikoto than other winding in the slots. Electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein among the arranged windings in the slots, a plurality of windings toward the outer peripheral side from the first layer is a winding of the same shape of the first layer Child. The distance between the end surface of the teeth facing the rotor and the facing surface of the first layer winding facing the rotor is a length that reduces the amount of the second magnetic flux passing through the facing surface by a predetermined amount. the armature according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that Satoshi.

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