JP5630383B2 - Wiring body connection structure, wiring body, electronic device, and method of manufacturing electronic device - Google Patents

Wiring body connection structure, wiring body, electronic device, and method of manufacturing electronic device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP5630383B2
JP5630383B2 JP2011125056A JP2011125056A JP5630383B2 JP 5630383 B2 JP5630383 B2 JP 5630383B2 JP 2011125056 A JP2011125056 A JP 2011125056A JP 2011125056 A JP2011125056 A JP 2011125056A JP 5630383 B2 JP5630383 B2 JP 5630383B2
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Prior art keywords
metal plate
connection
flexible printed
wiring board
printed wiring
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JP2012253213A (en
Inventor
良啓 赤羽
良啓 赤羽
齊藤　裕久
裕久 齊藤
直太 上西
直太 上西
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP2011125056A priority Critical patent/JP5630383B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2012/064019 priority patent/WO2012165520A1/en
Priority to TW101119724A priority patent/TW201304289A/en
Publication of JP2012253213A publication Critical patent/JP2012253213A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/14—Structural association of two or more printed circuits
    • H05K1/147—Structural association of two or more printed circuits at least one of the printed circuits being bent or folded, e.g. by using a flexible printed circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V19/00—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
    • F21V19/001—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders the light sources being semiconductors devices, e.g. LEDs
    • F21V19/003—Fastening of light source holders, e.g. of circuit boards or substrates holding light sources
    • F21V19/0055—Fastening of light source holders, e.g. of circuit boards or substrates holding light sources by screwing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/14—Structural association of two or more printed circuits
    • H05K1/142—Arrangements of planar printed circuit boards in the same plane, e.g. auxiliary printed circuit insert mounted in a main printed circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/06—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being coupling devices, e.g. connectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2103/00—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes
    • F21Y2103/10—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes comprising a linear array of point-like light-generating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
    • F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
    • F21Y2105/14—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements characterised by the overall shape of the two-dimensional array
    • F21Y2105/16—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements characterised by the overall shape of the two-dimensional array square or rectangular, e.g. for light panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/11—Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
    • H05K1/118—Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits specially for flexible printed circuits, e.g. using folded portions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/05—Flexible printed circuits [FPCs]
    • H05K2201/058—Direct connection between two or more FPCs or between flexible parts of rigid PCBs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10007—Types of components
    • H05K2201/10106—Light emitting diode [LED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10227—Other objects, e.g. metallic pieces
    • H05K2201/10409—Screws
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/0058—Laminating printed circuit boards onto other substrates, e.g. metallic substrates
    • H05K3/0061—Laminating printed circuit boards onto other substrates, e.g. metallic substrates onto a metallic substrate, e.g. a heat sink

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combinations Of Printed Boards (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Structure Of Printed Boards (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Description

本願発明は、配線体の接続構造等に関する。詳しくは、複数の配線体から構成される電子装置における配線体の接続構造、配線体、電子装置及び電子装置の製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a wiring body connection structure and the like. Specifically, the present invention relates to a wiring body connection structure in an electronic device including a plurality of wiring bodies, a wiring body, an electronic device, and a method for manufacturing the electronic device.

例えば、液晶ディスプレイのバックライトとして使用される照明装置は、複数個の発光素子を搭載した発光ブロックを、液晶パネルの裏面側に縦方向及び横方向に複数個配列して構成されている。上記構成を採用することにより、上記照明装置を容易に製造することができるとともに、一部の発光素子等に不良品が混じっている場合に容易に交換することが可能となる。   For example, an illuminating device used as a backlight of a liquid crystal display is configured by arranging a plurality of light-emitting blocks each equipped with a plurality of light-emitting elements in the vertical and horizontal directions on the back side of the liquid crystal panel. By adopting the above configuration, the lighting device can be easily manufactured, and can be easily replaced when defective products are mixed in some light emitting elements and the like.

上記発光素子は発熱量が大きいため、金属基板上に上記発光素子を搭載するとともに、シャーシ上に複数個の発光ブロックを着脱可能に配列して固定し、隣接する各発光ブロック上の給電回路を、ケーブルを介して接続することにより、上記照明装置が製造される。   Since the light emitting element generates a large amount of heat, the light emitting element is mounted on a metal substrate, and a plurality of light emitting blocks are detachably arranged and fixed on a chassis, and a power feeding circuit on each adjacent light emitting block is provided. The lighting device is manufactured by connecting via a cable.

特開２００９−１８１８８３号JP 2009-181883 A ＷＯ２００９／０１６８５３号WO2009 / 016683

上記従来の照明装置の製造手法においては、複数の発光ブロック間の回路を電気的に接続するために、別途ケーブルをハンダ等によって隣接する金属基板間に掛け渡し状に接続しなければならない。このため、製造工程が増加するばかりでなく、ケーブルの接続作業が面倒である。   In the conventional method for manufacturing a lighting device, in order to electrically connect a circuit between a plurality of light emitting blocks, a cable must be separately connected between adjacent metal substrates by solder or the like. For this reason, not only the manufacturing process increases, but also the cable connection work is troublesome.

また、発光ブロックに不良品が混ざっている場合、はんだを溶融させて上記ケーブルを取り外す必要がある。このため、発光ブロックの交換作業も面倒である。   Moreover, when a defective product is mixed in the light emitting block, it is necessary to melt the solder and remove the cable. For this reason, replacement work of the light emitting block is also troublesome.

本願発明は、バックライト照明装置等のように、電子部品が搭載された複数の配線体を組み合わせて構成される電子装置において、放熱性能が高く、また、各配線体の組み付けを容易に行うことができるとともに、不良品を容易に交換することができる配線体の接続構造を提供することを課題とする。   The present invention is an electronic device configured by combining a plurality of wiring bodies on which electronic components are mounted, such as a backlight illumination device, etc., and has high heat dissipation performance, and can easily assemble each wiring body. It is an object of the present invention to provide a connection structure for a wiring body that can easily replace defective products.

本願の請求項１に記載した発明は、複数の配線体を接続する配線体の接続構造であって、上記配線体は、熱伝導性を有する金属板と、上記金属板に接着剤を介して積層されたフレキシブルプリント配線板と、上記フレキシブルプリント配線板に搭載された電子部品とを備え、上記金属板の少なくとも一側縁部から上記フレキシブルプリント配線板の一部を延出させて形成した第１の接続部を設ける一方、上記金属板の少なくとも他側縁部に、隣接して配置された配線体の上記第１の接続部と接続される第２の接続部を設けるとともに、上記金属板を連結する金属板連結手段を備えて構成したものである。   Invention of Claim 1 of this application is the connection structure of the wiring body which connects a some wiring body, Comprising: The said wiring body is via the metal plate which has heat conductivity, and the said metal plate through an adhesive agent. A flexible printed wiring board laminated and an electronic component mounted on the flexible printed wiring board, and formed by extending a part of the flexible printed wiring board from at least one side edge of the metal plate. While providing the 1st connection part, while providing the 2nd connection part connected with the 1st connection part of the wiring body arranged adjacent to at least the other side edge part of the metal plate, the metal plate Are provided with metal plate connecting means for connecting the two.

上記金属板の種類は特に限定されることはない。たとえば、アルミニウム等から形成された金属板を採用することができる。上記フレキシブルプリント配線板も特に限定されることはない。片面に回路が形成された片面フレキシブルプリント配線のみならず、両面フレキシブルプリント配線板を採用することができる。   The kind of the metal plate is not particularly limited. For example, a metal plate formed from aluminum or the like can be employed. The flexible printed wiring board is not particularly limited. Not only a single-sided flexible printed wiring having a circuit formed on one side, but also a double-sided flexible printed wiring board can be adopted.

上記金属板の上に、上記フレキシブルプリント配線板が接着剤を介して積層される。上記接着剤の種類も特に限定されることはなく、たとえば、エポキシ樹脂系の熱硬化性樹脂を主成分とする接着剤を採用することができる。   The flexible printed wiring board is laminated on the metal plate via an adhesive. The type of the adhesive is not particularly limited, and for example, an adhesive mainly composed of an epoxy resin thermosetting resin can be employed.

本願発明では、上記金属板の少なくとも一側縁部から上記フレキシブルプリント配線板の一部を延出させることにより第１の接続部が設けられる。すなわち、上記金属板の縁部から延出する上記第１の接続部が、上記フレキシブルプリント配線板と一体的に形成される。上記第１の接続部の延出量は、配線体の配置間隔等によって決定することができる。   In this invention, a 1st connection part is provided by extending a part of said flexible printed wiring board from the at least one side edge part of the said metal plate. That is, the first connection portion extending from the edge of the metal plate is formed integrally with the flexible printed wiring board. The extension amount of the first connection portion can be determined by the arrangement interval of the wiring bodies.

上記金属板の少なくとも他側縁部には第２の接続部が設けられる。そして、隣接して配置される配線体の上記第１の接続部と上記第２の接続部とを接続することにより、隣接する配線板の回路が接続される。   A second connection portion is provided at least on the other side edge of the metal plate. And the circuit of an adjacent wiring board is connected by connecting the said 1st connection part and said 2nd connection part of the wiring body arrange | positioned adjacently.

本願発明では、フレキシブルプリント配線板の一部を金属板から延出させて構成される接続部を介して、隣接する配線体の回路が接続される。このため、別途ケーブルを溶接等する必要がなくなり、製造工程を削減することができる。また、上記フレキシブルプリント配線板は柔軟性が高いため、フレキシブルプリント配線板の回路を傷めることなく、第１の接続部と第２の接続部とを容易に接続し、あるいは離脱させることができる。   In this invention, the circuit of an adjacent wiring body is connected through the connection part comprised by extending a part of flexible printed wiring board from a metal plate. For this reason, it is not necessary to weld a cable separately, and the manufacturing process can be reduced. In addition, since the flexible printed wiring board is highly flexible, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion can be easily connected or disconnected without damaging the circuit of the flexible printed wiring board.

しかも、上記フレキシブルプリント配線板は、金属板の表面に接着剤を介して積層されているため、電子装置から発生する熱を効率よく放熱することができる。   And since the said flexible printed wiring board is laminated | stacked on the surface of the metal plate via the adhesive agent, it can thermally radiate the heat | fever which generate | occur | produces from an electronic device efficiently.

上記第２の接続部を設ける位置及び形態は特に限定されることはない。たとえば、請求項２に記載した発明のように、上記第２の接続部を上記金属板の他側縁部の内側に、すなわち、フレキシブルプリント配線板の金属板に対する積層部分に形成することができる。   The position and form in which the second connection portion is provided is not particularly limited. For example, as in the invention described in claim 2, the second connection portion can be formed inside the other side edge portion of the metal plate, that is, in a laminated portion of the flexible printed wiring board with respect to the metal plate. .

また、請求項３に記載した発明のように、第２の接続部を上記金属板の他側縁部から上記フレキシブルプリント配線板の一部を延出させて形成することもできる。すなわち、隣接する配線体から延出する接続部同士を接続できるように構成することもできる。   Further, as in the invention described in claim 3, the second connecting portion can be formed by extending a part of the flexible printed wiring board from the other side edge portion of the metal plate. That is, it can also comprise so that the connection parts extended from an adjacent wiring body can be connected.

上記金属板の連結手段は、上記複数の配線体を一体的に連結できるものであれば特に限定されることはない。たとえば、請求項４に記載した発明のように、上記金属板連結手段を、各金属板に一体形成されるとともに隣接する金属板同士を互いに連結できる嵌合部を備えて構成することができる。この構成を採用した場合、隣接する配線体同士を順次連結することにより、複数の配線体を一体的に連結した電子装置を構成することができる。   The connecting means for the metal plate is not particularly limited as long as it can integrally connect the plurality of wiring bodies. For example, as in the invention described in claim 4, the metal plate connecting means can be configured to include a fitting portion that is integrally formed with each metal plate and can connect adjacent metal plates to each other. When this configuration is adopted, an electronic device in which a plurality of wiring bodies are integrally connected can be configured by sequentially connecting adjacent wiring bodies.

また、請求項５に記載した発明のように、上記金属板連結手段を、列状配置された複数の金属板に掛け渡し状に設けられる連結部材を備えて構成することができる。この場合、隣接する配線体同士は直接連結されておらず、上記連結部材を介して複数の配線体が連結されることになる。   Further, as in the invention described in claim 5, the metal plate connecting means can be configured to include a connecting member provided in a spanning manner on a plurality of metal plates arranged in a row. In this case, adjacent wiring bodies are not directly connected to each other, and a plurality of wiring bodies are connected via the connecting member.

上記金属板は、フレキシブルプリント配線板と別途に加工することができるため、寸法や形状の自由度が高い。このため、種々の連結手段を採用することができる。   Since the metal plate can be processed separately from the flexible printed wiring board, the degree of freedom in dimensions and shape is high. For this reason, various connection means can be employed.

請求項６に記載した発明のように、上記連結手段を、ネジ手段を備えて構成することができる。上記ネジ手段は、隣接する上記金属板同士を連結し、あるいは、各金属板を上記連結部材に対して連結するために設けられる。なお、ネジ手段に代えて、金属板の弾性を利用して連結するように構成することもできる。   As in the invention described in claim 6, the connecting means can be configured to include screw means. The screw means is provided to connect adjacent metal plates to each other or to connect each metal plate to the connecting member. In addition, it can replace with a screw means and can also be comprised so that it may connect using the elasticity of a metal plate.

上記第１の接続部と上記第２の接続部は、着脱可能に接続できるものであれば特に限定されることはない。たとえば、加熱により着脱できる導電性接着剤を用いて接続することができる。   The first connection part and the second connection part are not particularly limited as long as they can be detachably connected. For example, it can connect using the conductive adhesive which can be attached or detached by heating.

また、請求項７に記載した発明のように、上記第１の接続部と上記第２の接続部とを、互いに接続されるコネクタ部材を備えて構成することができる。この構成を採用することにより、上記第１の接続部と上記第２の接続部とを、接着剤を用いることなく容易に接続できるとともに、取り外すことができる。   Moreover, like the invention described in Claim 7, the said 1st connection part and the said 2nd connection part can be comprised provided with the connector member connected mutually. By adopting this configuration, the first connection portion and the second connection portion can be easily connected and removed without using an adhesive.

また、請求項８に記載した発明のように、上記第１の接続部を、フレキシブルプリント配線板に形成された配線を露出して形成された接続電極部と、上記接続電極部形成部位の裏面に積層された補強部材とを備えて構成するとともに、上記第２の接続部を、上記接続電極部を挿入できるコネクタ部材を備えて構成することができる。上記接続電極部を上記コネクタ部材に挿入することにより、上記第１の接続部と上記第２の接続部とを着脱可能に接続することができる。   Further, as in the invention described in claim 8, the first connection portion includes a connection electrode portion formed by exposing a wiring formed on the flexible printed wiring board, and a back surface of the connection electrode portion formation portion. In addition, the second connecting portion can be configured with a connector member into which the connecting electrode portion can be inserted. By inserting the connection electrode portion into the connector member, the first connection portion and the second connection portion can be detachably connected.

本願発明に係る配線体の接続構造は、種々の電子装置に適用することができる。たとえば、請求項１１に記載した発明のように、上記電子部品として発光素子を採用し、液晶パネル等の照明装置を構成することができる。   The wiring body connection structure according to the present invention can be applied to various electronic devices. For example, as in the invention described in claim 11, a lighting device such as a liquid crystal panel can be configured by employing a light emitting element as the electronic component.

請求項１２に記載した発明は、複数の配線体を連結して構成される電子装置の製造方法であって、連結手段を有する金属板を準備する金属板準備工程と、第１の接続部と第２の接続部とを備え、上記第１の接続部と上記第２の接続部の少なくとも一方が、上記金属板の一側縁部から延出するように形成されたフレキシブルプリント配線板を準備するフレキシブルプリント配線板準備工程と、上記金属板に、接着剤を介して上記フレキシブルプリント配線板を積層するフレキシブルプリント配線板積層工程と、上記フレキシブルプリント配線板上に電子部品を搭載する電子部品搭載工程と、上記工程を経て形成された複数の配線体を、上記連結手段を介して連結する金属板連結工程と、隣接して配置される各配線体の上記第１の接続部と上記第２の接続部を接続するフレキシブルプリント配線板接続工程とを含んで構成されるものである。   The invention described in claim 12 is a method of manufacturing an electronic device configured by connecting a plurality of wiring bodies, a metal plate preparing step of preparing a metal plate having a connecting means, a first connecting portion, A flexible printed wiring board comprising a second connection portion, wherein at least one of the first connection portion and the second connection portion extends from one side edge of the metal plate is prepared. Flexible printed wiring board preparation step, flexible printed wiring board lamination step of laminating the flexible printed wiring board on the metal plate via an adhesive, and electronic component mounting on the flexible printed wiring board A metal plate connecting step of connecting the plurality of wiring bodies formed through the steps via the connecting means, the first connecting portions of the wiring bodies arranged adjacent to each other, and the first Of it is those composed and a flexible printed wiring board connecting step of connecting the connecting portion.

上記金属板準備工程を行う手法は特に限定されることはない。たとえば、切削等の機械加工、プレス板金加工、その他の種々の加工を採用することができる。上記フレキシブルプリント配線板準備工程も、既知の手法を採用することができる。   The method for performing the metal plate preparation step is not particularly limited. For example, machining such as cutting, press sheet metal processing, and other various processes can be employed. A known technique can also be adopted for the flexible printed wiring board preparation step.

上記フレキシブルプリント配線板積層工程は、熱硬化性接着剤を用いて、フレキシブルプリント配線板を、上記金属板に熱圧着することにより行うことができる。また、接着剤として、粘着剤を採用することもできる。   The flexible printed wiring board lamination step can be performed by thermocompression bonding the flexible printed wiring board to the metal plate using a thermosetting adhesive. Moreover, an adhesive can also be employ | adopted as an adhesive agent.

上記電子部品は、ハンダリフロー処理によってフレキシブルプリント配線板に搭載することができる。なお、上記フレキシブルプリント配線板積層工程と上記電子部品搭載工程は、いずれを先に行ってもよい。   The electronic component can be mounted on a flexible printed wiring board by a solder reflow process. Any of the flexible printed wiring board lamination step and the electronic component mounting step may be performed first.

上記金属板連結工程は、連結手段の構成に応じて行うことができる。たとえば、隣接する配線体を接続するように構成した場合、請求項１３に記載した発明のように、隣接する金属板を、上記連結手段を介して互いに連結することにより、金属板連結工程を行うことができる。   The said metal plate connection process can be performed according to the structure of a connection means. For example, when the adjacent wiring bodies are connected, the metal plate connecting step is performed by connecting the adjacent metal plates to each other via the connecting means as in the invention described in claim 13. be able to.

また、複数の配線体を保持できる連結部材を採用する場合には、請求項１４に記載した発明のように、上記金属板連結工程をおいて、複数の金属板に掛け渡し状に設けられる連結部材に対して、各金属板を連結することにより行うことができる。   Further, when a connecting member capable of holding a plurality of wiring bodies is employed, as in the invention described in claim 14, the connection provided on the plurality of metal plates in a spanning manner in the metal plate connecting step. It can carry out by connecting each metal plate with respect to a member.

上記金属板連結工程は、ネジ手段を締め付けることにより行うこともできるし、金属板等の弾性を利用して連結することもできる。   The metal plate connecting step can be performed by tightening screw means, or can be connected using elasticity of a metal plate or the like.

電子部品から発生する熱を効率よく放熱することができるとともに、複数の配線体を容易に接続し、また、取り外すことができる。   The heat generated from the electronic component can be efficiently dissipated, and a plurality of wiring bodies can be easily connected and removed.

本願発明の第１の実施形態を示す図であり、金属板にフレキシブルプリント配線板を積層した状態を示す断面図である。It is a figure which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention, and is sectional drawing which shows the state which laminated | stacked the flexible printed wiring board on the metal plate. 図１に示す配線体に、電子部品を搭載するとともに、コネクタ部材を設けた状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the state which mounted the electronic component and provided the connector member in the wiring body shown in FIG. 図２に示す配線体を複数連結した接続構造を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a connection structure in which a plurality of wiring bodies shown in FIG. 2 are connected. 図３に示す接続構造の要部の拡大平面図である。It is an enlarged plan view of the principal part of the connection structure shown in FIG. 本願発明の第２の実施形態を示す図であり、金属板にフレキシブルプリント配線板を積層した状態を示す断面図である。It is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and is sectional drawing which shows the state which laminated | stacked the flexible printed wiring board on the metal plate. 図５に示す配線体に、電子部品を搭載するとともに、第２の接続部を構成するコネクタ部材を設けた状態を示す断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which an electronic component is mounted on the wiring body illustrated in FIG. 5 and a connector member that constitutes a second connection portion is provided. 図６に示す配線体を複数連結した接続構造を示す断面図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a connection structure in which a plurality of wiring bodies shown in FIG. 6 are connected. 図７に示す接続構造の要部の拡大平面図である。It is an enlarged plan view of the principal part of the connection structure shown in FIG. 第３の実施形態に係る連結手段を備える接続構造の要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing of a connection structure provided with the connection means which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. 第４の実施形態に係る配線体の接続構造を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the connection structure of the wiring body which concerns on 4th Embodiment. 図１０におけるＸＩ−ＸＩ線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the XI-XI line in FIG. 図１０におけるＸＩＩ−ＸＩＩ線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the XII-XII line | wire in FIG.

以下、本願発明の実施形態を図に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１から図４に、本願発明の第１の実施形態に係る配線体１及びその接続構造１００を示す。   1 to 4 show a wiring body 1 and its connection structure 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

図１は、金属板２の表面に接着剤４を介してフレキシブルプリント配線板３を積層した状態を示す断面図である。   FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a flexible printed wiring board 3 is laminated on the surface of a metal plate 2 via an adhesive 4.

上記金属板２は、平面視矩形状に形成されているとともに、一側の上部を所定幅にわたって切除することにより段付き状の第１の連結部５が形成されている。また、他側の下部を所定幅で切除することにより段付き状の第２の連結部６が形成されている。上記第１の連結部５と上記第２の連結部６は、ほぼ同じ厚み及び幅を有し、上下に重ね合わせることにより、配線体１を平面に沿って連結できるように構成されている。また、上記第１の連結部５には、ネジ通挿孔７が形成されているとともに、上記第２の連結部６には、上記ネジ通挿孔７に対応する位置に、ネジ孔８が形成されている。   The metal plate 2 is formed in a rectangular shape in plan view, and a stepped first connecting portion 5 is formed by cutting an upper portion on one side over a predetermined width. Further, a stepped second connecting portion 6 is formed by cutting off the lower portion of the other side with a predetermined width. The first connecting portion 5 and the second connecting portion 6 have substantially the same thickness and width, and are configured so that the wiring bodies 1 can be connected along a plane by overlapping each other in the vertical direction. In addition, a screw insertion hole 7 is formed in the first connection part 5, and a screw hole 8 is formed in the second connection part 6 at a position corresponding to the screw insertion hole 7. Is formed.

上記フレキシブルプリント配線板３には、電子部品をハンダリフロー処理によって搭載できる図示しない回路が形成されており、図２に示すように、複数の電子部品９が搭載される。本実施形態では、上記電子部品９として、発光ダイオードを用いた発光素子が搭載されており、複数の配線体１を配列して組み付けることにより、液晶パネルの照明装置が形成されるように構成されている。   The flexible printed wiring board 3 is formed with a circuit (not shown) on which electronic components can be mounted by solder reflow processing, and a plurality of electronic components 9 are mounted as shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, a light emitting element using a light emitting diode is mounted as the electronic component 9, and a lighting device for a liquid crystal panel is formed by arranging and assembling a plurality of wiring bodies 1. ing.

上記フレキシブルプリント配線板３の一側には、上記金属板２の上面縁部から延出する第１の接続部１０が形成されており、この第１の接続部１０の先端下面に第１のコネクタ部材１１が接続されている。一方、上記フレキシブルプリント配線板３の他側上面には、第２のコネクタ部材１２が接続されて、第２の接続部１３が形成されている。   On one side of the flexible printed wiring board 3, a first connection portion 10 extending from the upper surface edge of the metal plate 2 is formed, and a first connection portion 10 is formed on the lower surface of the front end of the first connection portion 10. A connector member 11 is connected. On the other hand, the second connector member 12 is connected to the upper surface of the other side of the flexible printed wiring board 3 to form a second connection portion 13.

図３に示すように、複数の配線体１が、上記第１の連結部５と上記第２の連結部６とを重ね合わせるようにして配列されるとともに、上記ネジ通挿孔７に通挿されたネジ１４を、上記ネジ孔８に螺合させることにより、上記第１の連結部５と上記第２の連結部６とが連結される。また、上記第１のコネクタ部材１１と上記第２のコネクタ部材１２とを接続することにより、隣接して配置されるフレキシブルプリント配線板３，３の回路が接続されて、配線体の接続構造１００が形成される。   As shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of wiring bodies 1 are arranged so that the first connecting portion 5 and the second connecting portion 6 are overlapped with each other, and are inserted into the screw insertion holes 7. The first connecting portion 5 and the second connecting portion 6 are connected by screwing the screw 14 into the screw hole 8. Further, by connecting the first connector member 11 and the second connector member 12, the circuits of the flexible printed wiring boards 3 and 3 disposed adjacent to each other are connected, and the wiring body connection structure 100. Is formed.

本実施形態においては、隣接する金属板２，２が、上記第１の連結部５、上記第２の連結部６及びネジ１４を介して着脱可能に連結されている。また、隣接するフレシキブルプリント配線板３，３が、上記第１の接続部１０及び上記第２の接続部１３を介して、着脱可能に接続されている。このため、一部の配線体の電子部品に不良があった場合にも、上記配線体１の単位で容易に取り替えることが可能となる。   In the present embodiment, adjacent metal plates 2 and 2 are detachably connected via the first connecting portion 5, the second connecting portion 6 and the screw 14. Adjacent flexible printed wiring boards 3 and 3 are detachably connected via the first connection portion 10 and the second connection portion 13. For this reason, even when some electronic parts of the wiring bodies are defective, the wiring bodies 1 can be easily replaced in units.

また、本実施形態に係る配線体１は、熱伝導性の高いアルミニウムから形成された金属板２の上に、フレキシブルプリント配線板３を積層し、このフレキシブルプリント配線板３に電子部品９を搭載しているため、上記電子部品９から生じる熱を効率よく放熱することができる。   In addition, the wiring body 1 according to the present embodiment has a flexible printed wiring board 3 laminated on a metal plate 2 formed of aluminum having high thermal conductivity, and an electronic component 9 is mounted on the flexible printed wiring board 3. Therefore, the heat generated from the electronic component 9 can be efficiently radiated.

さらに、本実施形態によると、隣接する金属板２，２を直接接続する構成を採用しているため、シャーシ等の他の連結部材を用いることなく、複数の配線体１を直接接続することができる。   Furthermore, according to this embodiment, since the structure which connects the adjacent metal plates 2 and 2 directly is employ | adopted, several wiring bodies 1 can be directly connected, without using other connection members, such as a chassis. it can.

図５〜図８に、本願発明の第２の実施形態を示す。なお、金属板２０２、連結部２０５，２０６及び電子部品２０９の構成は、第１の実施形態と同様であるので説明は省略する。   5 to 8 show a second embodiment of the present invention. Note that the configurations of the metal plate 202, the connecting portions 205 and 206, and the electronic component 209 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

第２の実施形態では、上記金属板２０２の一側縁部から延出する接続部２１０の先端上面の回路を露出させて接続電極部２２０を設けるとともに、この接続電極部２２０の裏面側に補強板２１１を設けて、第１の接続部２１０を構成している。   In the second embodiment, a circuit on the top surface of the tip of the connection part 210 extending from one side edge of the metal plate 202 is exposed to provide the connection electrode part 220, and the back side of the connection electrode part 220 is reinforced. A plate 211 is provided to constitute the first connecting portion 210.

一方、上記フレキシブルプリント配線板２０３の他側には、上記接続電極部２２０を挿入して接続するコネクタ部材２１２を設けることにより第２の接続部２１３が形成されている。   On the other hand, a second connection portion 213 is formed on the other side of the flexible printed wiring board 203 by providing a connector member 212 for inserting and connecting the connection electrode portion 220.

図７に示すように、隣接する金属板２０２，２０２の連結部２０５，２０６を第１の実施形態と同様に、ネジ２１４を用いて連結するとともに、上記接続電極部２２０を上記コネクタ部材２１２に嵌入することにより、隣接する配線体同士が連結される。第２の実施形態においても、上記接続電極部２２０をコネクタ部材２１２に容易に接続できるとともに、容易に取り外すことができる。このため、不良品が搭載された配線体を容易に交換することができる。   As shown in FIG. 7, the connecting portions 205 and 206 of the adjacent metal plates 202 and 202 are connected using screws 214 as in the first embodiment, and the connection electrode portion 220 is connected to the connector member 212. By inserting, adjacent wiring bodies are connected to each other. Also in the second embodiment, the connection electrode portion 220 can be easily connected to the connector member 212 and can be easily removed. For this reason, it is possible to easily replace the wiring body on which the defective product is mounted.

図９に、本願発明の第３の実施形態に係る配線体の接続構造を示す。第３の実施形態では、金属板３０２，３０２の裏面縁部に、ネジ孔３０８，３０８を設けるとともに、隣接する金属板の下面に掛け渡し状に設けられる連結部材３２０を介して、隣接する金属板３０２，３０２が連結されている。   In FIG. 9, the connection structure of the wiring body which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention is shown. In the third embodiment, the screw holes 308 and 308 are provided in the rear surface edge portions of the metal plates 302 and 302, and the adjacent metal is connected via the connecting member 320 provided in a spanning manner on the lower surface of the adjacent metal plate. The plates 302 and 302 are connected.

また、上記フレキシブルプリント配線板３０３，３０３に、上記金属板３０２，３０２の両側縁部から延出する第１の接続部３１０と第２の接続部３１３を設け、これら接続部に互いに接続できるコネクタ部材３１１，３１２が設けられている。これらコネクタ部材３１１，３１２を接続することにより、隣接する配線体３０１，３０１のフレキシブルプリント配線板３０３，３０３の回路を接続することができる。   The flexible printed wiring boards 303 and 303 are provided with a first connecting portion 310 and a second connecting portion 313 extending from both side edges of the metal plates 302 and 302, and connectors that can be connected to these connecting portions. Members 311 and 312 are provided. By connecting these connector members 311 and 312, the circuits of the flexible printed wiring boards 303 and 303 of the adjacent wiring bodies 301 and 301 can be connected.

上記構成を採用することにより、金属板の加工が容易となる。また、上記連結部材３２０の長さを調整することにより、配線体３０１を所望の間隔で配列することができる。   By adopting the above configuration, the metal plate can be easily processed. Further, by adjusting the length of the connecting member 320, the wiring bodies 301 can be arranged at a desired interval.

また、各配線体３０１，３０１は着脱可能に連結されるため、上述した実施形態と同様に、搭載した電子部品に不良品があった場合、配線体単位で容易に交換することができる。   Moreover, since each wiring body 301,301 is connected so that attachment or detachment is possible, like the above-mentioned embodiment, when there is a defective article in the mounted electronic component, it can be easily exchanged on a wiring body basis.

図１０〜図１２に、本願発明の第４の実施形態を示す。   10 to 12 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

第４の実施形態は、矩形状の配線体４０１の四方に接続部４１０，４１３，４１０，４１３を設けるとともに、複数の金属板４０２に掛け渡し状に設けられる棒状の連結部材４２０を介して各配線体４０１を所定間隔で連結保持したものである。なお、各配線体に積層されたフレキシブルプリント配線板４０３、電子部品４０９及び各接続部４１０，４１３の構成は、第３の実施形態と同様であるので説明は省略する。   In the fourth embodiment, connection portions 410, 413, 410, and 413 are provided on four sides of a rectangular wiring body 401, and each is connected via a bar-shaped connecting member 420 provided in a spanning manner on a plurality of metal plates 402. The wiring body 401 is connected and held at a predetermined interval. Note that the configurations of the flexible printed wiring board 403, the electronic component 409, and the connection portions 410 and 413 stacked on each wiring body are the same as those in the third embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

上記金属板４０２の四隅には、ネジ孔４０８が形成されている。一方、上記連結部材４２０は所定間隔を開けて平行に配置されており、上記ネジ孔４０８に対応するネジ通挿孔４０７が形成されている。図１１及び図１２に示すように、上記ネジ通挿孔４０７に通挿されたネジ４１４を上記ネジ孔４０８に螺合させることにより、各配線体４０１が、上記連結部材４２０を介して一定間隔で連結される。   Screw holes 408 are formed at the four corners of the metal plate 402. On the other hand, the connecting member 420 is arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and a screw insertion hole 407 corresponding to the screw hole 408 is formed. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the screws 414 inserted into the screw insertion holes 407 are screwed into the screw holes 408, so that the wiring bodies 401 are spaced at regular intervals via the connecting members 420. Connected with

各フレキシブルプリント配線板４０１の四方の縁部には、金属板４０２の縁部から延出する接続部４１０，４１３が設けられている。各接続部４１０，４１３には、コネクタ部材４１１，４１２が設けられており、対応するコネクタ部材４１１，４１２を接続することにより、四方に隣接する配線体の回路を接続することができる。   Connection portions 410 and 413 extending from the edge of the metal plate 402 are provided at the four edges of each flexible printed wiring board 401. Connector members 411 and 412 are provided in the respective connection portions 410 and 413. By connecting the corresponding connector members 411 and 412, circuits of wiring bodies adjacent to each other can be connected.

上記構成を採用することにより、多数の配線体を縦横に容易に連結して、電子装置を構成することができる。また、各配線体は、上記連結部材に対して着脱可能に保持されているため、電子部品が不良の場合に、上述した実施形態と同様に、配線体単位で容易に交換することができる。   By adopting the above configuration, an electronic device can be configured by easily connecting a large number of wiring bodies vertically and horizontally. Moreover, since each wiring body is detachably held with respect to the connecting member, when the electronic component is defective, it can be easily replaced in units of wiring bodies as in the above-described embodiment.

また、各フレキシブルプリント配線板４０３に種々の回路や電子部品を搭載することが可能となる。たとえば、電子部品４０９として発光ダイオードを備える発光素子を搭載した場合、上記フレキシブルプリント配線板４０３に、制御回路を設けて、所要の領域の発光素子に電力を供給するように構成することも可能となる。   In addition, various circuits and electronic components can be mounted on each flexible printed wiring board 403. For example, when a light-emitting element including a light-emitting diode is mounted as the electronic component 409, a control circuit can be provided on the flexible printed wiring board 403 so that power can be supplied to the light-emitting elements in a required region. Become.

電子部品を搭載した複数の配線体を容易に接続し、また取り外すことができる。このため、一部の電子部品に不良があっても、上記配線体の単位で容易に交換することができる。   A plurality of wiring bodies on which electronic components are mounted can be easily connected and removed. For this reason, even if some electronic components are defective, they can be easily replaced in units of the wiring body.

１００ 配線体の接続構造
１ 配線体
２ 金属板
３ フレキシブルプリント配線板
５ 金属板連結手段
６ 金属板連結手段
９ 電子部品
１０ 第１の接続部
１２ 第２の接続部
１４ 金属板連結手段 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Connection structure of wiring body 1 Wiring body 2 Metal plate 3 Flexible printed wiring board 5 Metal plate connection means 6 Metal plate connection means 9 Electronic component 10 1st connection part 12 2nd connection part 14 Metal plate connection means

Claims (14)

複数の配線体を接続する配線体の接続構造であって、
上記配線体は、熱伝導性を有する金属板と、上記金属板に接着剤を介して積層されたフレキシブルプリント配線板と、上記フレキシブルプリント配線板に搭載された電子部品とを備え、
上記金属板の少なくとも一側縁部から上記フレキシブルプリント配線板の一部を延出させて形成した第１の接続部を設ける一方、
上記金属板の少なくとも他側縁部に、隣接して配置された配線体の上記第１の接続部と接続される第２の接続部を設けるとともに、
上記金属板を連結する金属板連結手段を備えて構成される、配線体の接続構造。 A wiring body connection structure for connecting a plurality of wiring bodies,
The wiring body includes a metal plate having thermal conductivity, a flexible printed wiring board laminated on the metal plate via an adhesive, and an electronic component mounted on the flexible printed wiring board,
While providing a first connection portion formed by extending a part of the flexible printed wiring board from at least one side edge of the metal plate,
At least the other side edge of the metal plate is provided with a second connection portion connected to the first connection portion of the wiring body arranged adjacently,
A wiring body connection structure comprising metal plate coupling means for coupling the metal plates. 上記第２の接続部は、上記金属板の他側縁部の内側に形成されている、請求項１に記載の配線体の接続構造。   The wiring body connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the second connection portion is formed inside the other side edge portion of the metal plate. 上記第２の接続部は、上記金属板の他側縁部から上記フレキシブルプリント配線板の一部を延出させて形成されている、請求項１に記載の配線体の接続構造。   The wiring body connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the second connection portion is formed by extending a part of the flexible printed wiring board from the other side edge portion of the metal plate. 上記金属板連結手段は、各金属板に一体形成されるとともに隣接する金属板同士を互いに連結できる嵌合部を備えて構成される、請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の配線体の接続構造。   The said metal plate connection means is provided with the fitting part which can mutually connect adjacent metal plates while being integrally formed in each metal plate, and is comprised of any one of Claims 1-3. Wiring connection structure. 上記金属板連結手段は、列状配置された複数の金属板に掛け渡し状に設けられる連結部材を備えて構成される、請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の配線体の接続構造。   4. The wiring body according to claim 1, wherein the metal plate connecting means includes a connecting member provided in a spanning manner on a plurality of metal plates arranged in a row. 5. Connection structure. 上記金属板連結手段はネジ手段を備えて構成されている、請求項１から請求項５のいずれか１項に記載の配線体の接続構造。   The connection structure for a wiring body according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the metal plate connecting means includes screw means. 上記第１の接続部と上記第２の接続部は、互いに接続されるコネクタ部材を備えて構成されている、請求項１から請求項６のいずれか１項に記載の配線体の接続構造。   The wiring body connection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first connection portion and the second connection portion are configured to include connector members connected to each other. 上記第１の接続部は、フレキシブルプリント配線板に形成された配線を露出して形成された接続電極部と、上記接続電極部形成部位の裏面に積層された補強部材とを備えて構成されるとともに、
上記第２の接続部は、上記接続電極部を挿入できるコネクタ部材を備えて構成される、請求項１から請求項７のいずれか１項に記載の配線体の接続構造。 The first connection portion includes a connection electrode portion formed by exposing a wiring formed on a flexible printed wiring board, and a reinforcing member laminated on the back surface of the connection electrode portion formation portion. With
The connection structure for a wiring body according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the second connection portion includes a connector member into which the connection electrode portion can be inserted. 請求項１から請求項８のいずれか１項に記載の配線体の接続構造に用いられる配線体。   The wiring body used for the connection structure of the wiring body of any one of Claims 1-8. 請求項１から請求項８のいずれか１項に記載された配線体の接続構造を備える、電子装置。   An electronic device comprising the wiring body connection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 上記電子部品としての発光素子が搭載された、請求項１０に記載の照明装置。   The lighting device according to claim 10, wherein a light emitting element as the electronic component is mounted. 複数の配線体を連結して構成される電子装置の製造方法であって、
連結手段を有する金属板を準備する金属板準備工程と、
第１の接続部と第２の接続部とを備え、上記第１の接続部と上記第２の接続部の少なくとも一方が、上記金属板の一側縁部から延出するように形成されたフレキシブルプリント配線板を準備するフレキシブルプリント配線板準備工程と、
上記金属板に、接着剤を介して上記フレキシブルプリント配線板を積層するフレキシブルプリント配線板積層工程と、
上記フレキシブルプリント配線板上に電子部品を搭載する電子部品搭載工程と、
上記工程を経て形成された複数の配線体を、上記連結手段を介して連結する金属板連結工程と、
隣接して配置される各配線体の上記第１の接続部と上記第２の接続部とを接続するフレキシブルプリント配線板接続工程とを含む、電子装置の製造方法。 An electronic device manufacturing method configured by connecting a plurality of wiring bodies,
A metal plate preparation step of preparing a metal plate having connecting means;
A first connection portion and a second connection portion are provided, and at least one of the first connection portion and the second connection portion is formed to extend from one side edge of the metal plate. A flexible printed wiring board preparation process for preparing a flexible printed wiring board;
A flexible printed wiring board lamination step of laminating the flexible printed wiring board on the metal plate via an adhesive;
An electronic component mounting process for mounting electronic components on the flexible printed wiring board;
A metal plate connecting step of connecting a plurality of wiring bodies formed through the above steps via the connecting means;
The manufacturing method of an electronic device including the flexible printed wiring board connection process which connects the said 1st connection part of each wiring body arrange | positioned adjacently, and the said 2nd connection part. 上記金属板連結工程において、隣接する金属板を、上記連結手段を介して互いに連結する、請求項１２に記載の電子装置の製造方法。   13. The method of manufacturing an electronic device according to claim 12, wherein in the metal plate connecting step, adjacent metal plates are connected to each other via the connecting means. 上記金属板連結工程において、複数の金属板に掛け渡し状に設けられる連結部材に対して各金属板を連結する、請求項１２に記載の電子装置の製造方法。   The method of manufacturing an electronic device according to claim 12, wherein in the metal plate connecting step, each metal plate is connected to a connecting member provided in a spanning manner on a plurality of metal plates.
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