JP5626237B2 - Battery temperature control device and vehicle interior temperature control device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a temperature control device for a battery mounted on a vehicle.

  Vehicles are equipped with various temperature control devices that adjust the temperature of the passenger compartment or the temperature of the battery. As this type of temperature control device, an air conditioner using a heat pump is known. In this heat pump type air conditioner, the temperature is adjusted by exchanging the heat energy of outside air and the heat energy in the passenger compartment using a heat exchanger. Here, when the outside air temperature is low, the heat exchanger may decrease in temperature to a temperature of 0 ° C. or less due to the heat collecting operation and may form frost. If the air conditioner device is operated in a state where the heat exchanger is frosted, the heat exchanger function is lowered, so that the capacity of the air conditioner device is lowered and a sufficient heating effect cannot be obtained.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an air conditioner apparatus for an air conditioner for an electric vehicle that functions as a heat exchanger by driving a compressor using charging power of a battery of the electric car as a countermeasure against frost and performs air conditioning in the electric car. Air conditioner operation detecting means for detecting that the vehicle is in a preliminary operation state before boarding the passenger, frost determining means for determining the frost state on the heat exchanger, and detecting that the air conditioner is operating by the air conditioner operation detecting means In addition, a defrosting power control apparatus is provided, comprising: defrosting means that drives and controls the air conditioner device in a cooling operation when the frosting determination means determines that the frosting state has occurred.

JP-A-8-020239 JP 2010-282878 A JP 2010-113861 A

  However, in the above-described configuration, when the heat exchanger frosts again during traveling of the vehicle, the heating operation is continued with priority on the riding environment (see paragraph 0018 of Patent Document 1). That is, in the above-described configuration, no means for eliminating frost generated in the heat exchanger during traveling of the vehicle is taken into consideration. Therefore, when the above-described configuration is applied to a battery temperature control device mounted on a vehicle, the heating operation is continued in a state where the heating efficiency is low.

  Then, this invention aims at adjusting the temperature of a battery, suppressing generation | occurrence | production of frost formation.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a battery temperature control device according to the present invention is a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of a battery mounted on a vehicle, and transfers heat absorbed at the heat absorption surface to the heat generation surface. A Peltier element; and a controller that controls the operation of the Peltier element. The controller drives the Peltier element with a first current value when the temperature of the battery is increased. The second process of suppressing frost formation on the heat absorbing surface can be performed by driving the Peltier element at a second current value higher than the first current value. To do.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to adjust the temperature of the battery while suppressing the occurrence of frost formation.

It is a functional block diagram of the temperature control apparatus of a battery. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the temperature of a Peltier device, and the electric current supplied to a Peltier device (the temperature of an initial state is 0 degreeC). The hardware structure of the temperature control apparatus of a battery is shown. It is the flowchart which showed the procedure of the temperature rising process which a controller performs.

  Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a temperature adjustment device that adjusts the temperature of a battery. Referring to FIG. 1, temperature adjustment device 1 adjusts the temperature of battery 10. The battery 10 stores electric power supplied to a motor that drives the vehicle. The battery 10 may be a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery or a nickel metal hydride battery, or a capacitor. The battery 10 may be an assembled battery in which a plurality of single cells are electrically connected in series. However, unit cells connected in parallel to each other may be included in the assembled battery. The single battery may be a battery cell or a battery module in which a plurality of battery cells are connected. A battery cell means the element of the minimum unit which can be charged / discharged.

  The temperature adjustment device 1 includes a Peltier element 20, an acquisition unit 30, a power supply unit 40 and a controller 50. The acquisition unit 30 acquires determination information for determining whether or not frost adheres to the heat generation surface of the Peltier element 20, and outputs the acquired determination information to the controller 50. The controller 50 controls the operation of the Peltier element 20 by controlling the value of the current flowing from the power supply unit 40 to the Peltier element 20 or the direction of the current.

  When the temperature of the battery 10 is increased, the controller 50 drives the Peltier element 20 with a first current value and a second current value higher than the first current value. Can be executed to perform the second process for suppressing frost formation on the heat absorption surface. The reason why the controller 50 has these two different processing modes will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the value of the current flowing through the Peltier element 20 and the temperature of the heat absorption surface and the heat generation surface of the Peltier element 20, and the temperature of the heat absorption surface and the heat generation surface of the Peltier element 20 is 0 in the initial state. Assume that it is in ° C. In this case, the temperature of the heat generating surface of the Peltier element 20 increases as the value of the current flowing through the Peltier element 20 increases. On the other hand, the temperature of the endothermic surface of the Peltier element 20 decreases until the current value flowing through the Peltier element 20 reaches the first current value, and gradually increases when the current value exceeds the first current value. When it reaches, the temperature becomes slightly higher than 0 ° C.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, when the temperature of the heat absorption surface and the heat generation surface is both 0 ° C., the current value flowing through the Peltier element 20 is changed to the first current value lower than the second current value. If set, the temperature of the endothermic surface is lowered to 0 ° C. or less, and the endothermic surface may be frosted. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when there is a possibility that the endothermic surface may be frosted, that is, when the temperature of the endothermic surface may be lowered to 0 ° C. or less, the current value supplied to the Peltier element 20 is set to the first value. By setting the second current value higher than the current value, the temperature of the endothermic surface is increased (that is, the second process is performed). Thereby, since the temperature of the heat absorption surface can be maintained at a temperature at which frost formation does not occur, the temperature of the battery 10 can be adjusted while suppressing frost formation on the heat absorption surface. When there is no possibility that the temperature of the endothermic surface is lowered to 0 ° C. or lower, the current value supplied to the Peltier element 20 can be set to a first current value lower than the second current value ( That is, the first process is performed).

  Here, the second current value is set to an appropriate value according to the initial temperature of the endothermic surface when starting the temperature raising process so that the temperature of the endothermic surface of the Peltier element 20 is not frosted. be able to. For example, when the initial temperature of the endothermic surface of the Peltier element 20 is −5 ° C., the second current value needs to be set higher than when the initial temperature is 0 ° C. The first current value can be set to an appropriate value smaller than the second current value (that is, the current value when both the heat absorbing surface and the heat generating surface generate heat).

  Referring to FIG. 1 again, acquisition unit 30 acquires determination information for determining the presence or absence of frost formation on the heat absorbing surface of Peltier element 20, and outputs this determination information to controller 50. Based on this determination information, the controller 50 performs the first process when determining that the endothermic surface of the Peltier element 20 is not frosted, and when determining that the endothermic surface of the Peltier element 20 is frosted, A second process is performed.

  Next, the hardware configuration of the temperature control device 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the temperature control device. The Peltier element 20 includes a P-type thermoelectric semiconductor 21, an N-type thermoelectric semiconductor 22, a heat generation side electrode plate 23a, a heat absorption side electrode plate 23b, a heat generation side heat sink 24, a heat absorption side heat sink 25, and a heat generation side thermistor 26. And an endothermic side thermistor 27. The P-type thermoelectric semiconductor 21 and the N-type thermoelectric semiconductor 22 are in contact with one end surface in the thickness direction of the heat generation side electrode plate 23a, and the heat generation side heat sink 24 is in contact with the other end surface. The P-type thermoelectric semiconductor 21 and the N-type thermoelectric semiconductor 22 are in contact with one end surface of the heat absorption side electrode plate 23b in the plate thickness direction, and the heat absorption side heat sink 25 is in contact with the other end surface.

  A plurality of heat generation side ribs 24a are formed in the heat generation side heat sink 24, and these heat generation side ribs 24a extend inside the heat generation side pipe 91 (corresponding to the second pipe line). A metal (for example, aluminum) having a high thermal conductivity can be used for the heat generation side heat sink 24. The heat generation side pipe 91 has an air inlet 91a and an air outlet 91b. A blower 96 (corresponding to a second fan) is installed in the air inlet 91a, and the air outlet 91b is connected to the battery 10. It is connected to the. The blower 96 may be a blower or a fan.

  The heat absorption side heat sink 25 is formed with a plurality of heat absorption side ribs 25a. These heat absorption side ribs 25a extend to the inside of the heat absorption side pipe 92 (corresponding to the first pipe line). For the heat absorption side heat sink 25, a metal (for example, aluminum) having high thermal conductivity can be used. The heat absorption side pipe 92 has an air inlet 92a and an air outlet 92b, and a blower 97 is installed in the air inlet 92a. The blower 97 (corresponding to the first blower) may be a blower or a fan.

  The air inlets 91a and 92a and the air outlet 92b are provided outside the passenger compartment. Therefore, when the blower 96 is operated, air outside the vehicle is taken into the heat generation side pipe 91. Further, when the blower 97 is operated, air outside the vehicle is taken into the heat absorption side pipe 92.

  The auxiliary battery 28 supplies a current flowing in the direction of the arrow to the Peltier element 24 when the battery 10 is heated. Thereby, heat moves from the heat absorption side heat sink 25 of the Peltier element 20 toward the heat generation side heat sink 24. The auxiliary battery 28 also supplies power to auxiliary equipment such as audio equipment mounted on the vehicle.

  The heat generation side heat sink 24 is provided with a heat generation side thermistor 26, and the heat absorption side heat sink 25 is provided with a heat absorption side thermistor 27. The heat generation side thermistor 26 acquires the temperature of the heat generation side heat sink 24 and outputs the acquired temperature information to the ECU 29. The heat absorption side thermistor 27 acquires the temperature of the heat absorption side heat sink 25 and outputs the acquired temperature information to the ECU 29.

  The ECU 29 controls the entire temperature control device 1. The ECU 29 reads out and executes the program stored in the storage unit 29a, thereby executing the temperature increase process for the battery 10. Further, the ECU 29 performs a process of operating the blowers 96 and 97 during the temperature raising process. The ECU 29 may be a CPU, MPU, or an ASIC circuit that executes at least a part of processing performed by the CPU or the like in a circuit manner.

  Next, the correspondence between the functional blocks in FIG. 1 and the hardware configuration in FIG. 3 will be described. The controller 50 in FIG. 1 is realized by the cooperation of the ECU 29 and the storage unit 29a in FIG. The power supply unit 40 of FIG. 1 is realized by the auxiliary battery 28 of FIG. The acquisition unit 30 in FIG. 1 is realized by the heat absorption side thermistor 27 in FIG. 3. The heat absorption surface of the Peltier element 20 corresponds to the outer surface of the heat absorption side heat sink 25. The heat generating surface of the Peltier element 20 corresponds to the outer surface of the heat generating side heat sink 24.

  Next, the process performed by the ECU 29 when the temperature of the battery 10 is raised will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Note that the temperature increase process of the battery 10 is executed when the temperature of the battery 10 is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature. The predetermined temperature can be set to an appropriate value based on the characteristics of the battery 10 in which the internal resistance increases and the input / output characteristics decrease as the temperature decreases.

  In step S101, the ECU 29 determines whether or not the heat absorption side heat sink 25 is frosted. Here, the ECU 29 can determine the presence or absence of frost formation on the heat absorption side heat sink 25 based on the temperature of the heat absorption side heat sink 25.

  When the heat absorption side heat sink 25 is frosted (step S101, Yes), since it is necessary to suppress frost formation, a process progresses to step S105, and when the heat absorption side heat sink 25 does not frost (step S101, No), it is originally. Since frost formation does not occur, the process proceeds to step S102.

  In step S102, the ECU 29 allows the supply of electric power from the auxiliary battery 28, thereby driving the Peltier element 20 at the first current value and operating the blowers 96 and 97. When the Peltier element 20 is driven at the first current value, heat is transferred from the heat-absorbing-side heat sink 25 to the heat-generating-side heat sink 24, and the battery 10 is heated by the air heated by the heat-generating-side heat sink 24. (That is, the first process is performed).

  In step S103, the ECU 29 determines whether or not the temperature of the battery 10 has reached the target temperature. Here, the target temperature can be set to an appropriate value from the viewpoint of maintaining the input / output of the battery 10 at a constant level. If the temperature of the battery 10 has reached the target temperature (step S103, Yes), the process proceeds to step S104. If the temperature of the battery 10 has not reached the target temperature (step S103, No), the process is performed. The process returns to step S102. In step S104, the ECU 29 stops the Peltier element 20 by prohibiting the supply of electric power from the auxiliary battery 28.

  In step S105, the ECU 29 allows the power supply from the auxiliary battery 28 to drive the Peltier element 20 at the second current value, and operates the blowers 96 and 97. When the Peltier element 20 is driven at the second current value, heat is transferred from the heat-absorbing-side heat sink 25 to the heat-generating-side heat sink 24, and the battery 10 is heated by the air heated by the heat-generating-side heat sink 24. . In this flowchart, the second current value shown in FIG. 2 (that is, necessary for suppressing frost formation when the temperature of the heat generating surface and the heat absorbing surface at the start of the temperature raising process is 0 ° C.) Current value) is set as a default value.

  In step S106, the ECU 29 determines whether or not the temperature of the heat absorption side heat sink 25 is higher than 2 ° C. When the temperature of the heat sink-side heat sink 25 is higher than 2 ° C. (step S106, Yes), frosting does not occur. Therefore, in step S108, the ECU 29 maintains the second current value and increases the battery 10 Continue the heat treatment.

  When the temperature of the heat sink-side heat sink 25 is 2 ° C. or lower (step S106, No), since frost formation may occur, the ECU 29 performs a process of increasing the second current value by ΔI in step S107. For example, when the initial temperature of the heat sink side heat sink 25 at the start of the temperature raising process is −5 ° C., if the current value supplied to the Peltier element 20 is set to the default value, the temperature of the heat sink side heat sink 25 is set to the default value. Since the temperature cannot be raised to 0 ° C., it is necessary to raise the second current value to a value higher than the default value. When the second current value is increased by ΔI, the process returns to step S106, and the process of step S107 is repeated until the temperature of the heat absorption side heat sink 25 becomes higher than 2 ° C.

  In step S109, the ECU 29 determines whether or not the temperature of the battery 10 has reached the target temperature. The description of the target temperature will not be repeated. If the temperature of the battery 10 has reached the target temperature (step S109, Yes), the process proceeds to step S110. If the temperature of the battery 10 has not reached the target temperature (step S109, No), the process is performed. The process returns to step S108. In step S <b> 110, the ECU 29 stops the Peltier device 20 by prohibiting the supply of power from the auxiliary battery 28.

  According to the above method, the battery 10 can be heated while suppressing frost formation by a simple method of changing the value of the current value supplied to the Peltier element 20. That is, even if the Peltier element 20 is frosted while the vehicle is running, the frost can be removed by operating the Peltier element 20 at the second current value.

(Modification 1)
In the above-described embodiment, the ECU 29 determines which one of the first and second processes is selected as the temperature raising process of the battery 10, but the present invention is not limited to this. And you may comprise so that either of 2nd processing can be selected. When it is determined that the outside air temperature is extremely low, the occupant can raise the temperature of the battery 10 while suppressing the occurrence of frost formation by selecting the second process. Further, in the above-described embodiment, whether or not it is in a frosted state is determined based on the temperature of the heat absorption side heat sink 25, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, an outside temperature sensor mounted on a vehicle It can also be used, or can correspond to the operation of an air conditioner that adjusts the temperature in the passenger compartment. That is, when the outside air temperature acquired by the outside air temperature sensor is extremely low, the ECU 29 can raise the temperature of the battery 10 while suppressing the occurrence of frost formation by selecting the second process as the temperature raising process. . When the air conditioner is set to the heating side, the ECU 29 can raise the temperature of the battery 10 while suppressing the occurrence of frost formation by selecting the second process as the temperature raising process.

(Modification 2)
In the flowchart described above, the process of gradually increasing the second current value according to the temperature of the heat absorption side heat sink 25 is performed (see step S107). However, the present invention is not limited to this. A data table in which the initial temperature of 25 is associated with the second current value may be prepared, and the second current value may be set according to this data table. In this case, since the second current value is set to a current value that does not cause frost formation from the beginning, the occurrence of frost formation can be more effectively suppressed. The data table can be stored in the storage unit 29a.

(Modification 3)
The above-described temperature control device can also be used when the battery 10 is cooled. In this case, the ECU 29 may perform a process of changing the direction of the current flowing through the Peltier element 20 in the reverse direction. When the direction of the current flowing through the Peltier element 20 is reversed, the heat absorption surface and the heat generation surface of the Peltier element 20 are switched. Therefore, the battery 10 can be cooled by switching the blowing direction by the blower 96 to the opposite direction (that is, the direction from the battery 10 toward the heat sink). According to this modification, heating and cooling of the battery 10 can be performed by one device.

(Modification 4)
The temperature control device of the present invention can also be used to adjust the temperature in the passenger compartment. In this case, the temperature in the passenger compartment can be adjusted by providing the air inlet 91a and the air outlet 91b in the passenger compartment.

(Modification 5)
In the above-described embodiment, the temperature of the battery 10 is raised by blowing air heated by the heat-generating heat sink 24 to the battery 10, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the temperature of the battery 10 may be raised by bringing the heat-generating heat sink 24 and the battery 10 into contact with each other.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Temperature control apparatus 10 Battery 20 Peltier element 21 P type thermoelectric semiconductor 22 N type thermoelectric semiconductor 23a Heat generation side electrode plate 23b Heat absorption side electrode plate 24 Heat generation side heat sink 25 Heat absorption side heat sink 26 Heat generation side thermistor 27 Heat absorption side thermistor 30 Acquisition part 40 Power supply 50 controller

Claims (5)

A temperature adjustment device for adjusting the temperature of a battery mounted on a vehicle,
A Peltier element that transfers heat absorbed by the heat absorption surface to the heat generation surface;
A controller for controlling the operation of the Peltier element,
The controller is
When the temperature of the battery is raised, the first process of driving the Peltier element with a first current value and the Peltier element with a second current value higher than the first current value Accordingly, the battery temperature control device is capable of performing the second process of suppressing frost formation on the heat absorption surface. An acquisition unit for acquiring determination information for determining the presence or absence of frost formation on the endothermic surface;
The battery temperature control device according to claim 1, wherein the controller executes the second process when it is determined that frost formation is present on the endothermic surface based on the determination information.   3. The battery temperature adjusting device according to claim 1, wherein in the second treatment, the endothermic surface is heated to a temperature higher than 0 ° C. 4. An endothermic heat sink that constitutes the endothermic surface;
A heat generation side heat sink constituting the heat generation surface;
A first pipe line in which the heat absorption side heat sink is disposed;
A second conduit in which the heat generating heat sink is disposed;
A first blower for blowing air from one end side of the first pipe line toward the other end side;
A second blower that blows air from one end side to the other end side of the second conduit,
4. The battery according to claim 1, wherein the battery is heated by air exhausted from the other end side of the second pipe line during the temperature raising process. 5. Temperature control device. A temperature control device that adjusts the temperature in the passenger compartment,
A Peltier element that transfers heat absorbed by the heat absorption surface to the heat generation surface;
A controller for controlling the operation of the Peltier element,
The controller is
A first process for driving the Peltier element with a first current value and driving the Peltier element with a second current value higher than the first current value when raising the temperature in the passenger compartment. By doing so, the 2nd process which suppresses the frost formation in the said heat absorption surface is executable, The temperature control apparatus in a vehicle interior characterized by the above-mentioned.

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